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Operator constraints for twist-3 functions and Lorentz invariance properties of twist-3 observables
Kanazawa, K Koike, Y Metz, A Pitonyak, D Schlegel, M
Kanazawa, K
Koike, Y
Metz, A
Pitonyak, D
Schlegel, M
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Journal Article
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2016-03-14
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10.1103/PhysRevD.93.054024
Abstract
© 2016 American Physical Society. We investigate the behavior under Lorentz transformations of perturbative coefficient functions in a collinear twist-3 formalism relevant for high-energy observables including transverse polarization of hadrons. We argue that those perturbative coefficient functions can, a priori, acquire quite different yet Lorentz-invariant forms in various frames. This somewhat surprising difference can be traced back to a general dependence of the perturbative coefficient functions on light cone vectors which are introduced by the twist-3 factorization formulas and which are frame-dependent. One can remove this spurious frame dependence by invoking so-called Lorentz invariance relations (LIRs) between twist-3 parton correlation functions. Some of those relations for twist-3 distribution functions were discussed in the literature before. In this paper we derive the corresponding LIRs for twist-3 fragmentation functions. We explicitly demonstrate that these LIRs remove the light cone vector dependence by considering transverse spin observables in the single-inclusive production of hadrons in lepton-nucleon collisions, ℓ N→hX. With the LIRs in hand, we also show that twist-3 observables in general can be written solely in terms of three-parton correlation functions.
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Physical Review D
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