RSS 1.0TUScholarShare
TUScholarShare is a service to support the needs of the Temple University community around sharing, promoting, and archiving the wide range of scholarly works created in the course of research and teaching. The repository aims to make Temple scholarship freely available online to a global audience, with the goal of advancing knowledge and learning.
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Promoting Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion through Purchasing Award-Winning BooksThe presenters’ institution wanted to be deliberate about collecting materials written by and about marginalized groups. Creating a list of awards whose winners we planned to purchase annually allowed us to involve selectors from all disciplines at the outset while enabling future purchasing to happen in a way that does not take up their time. In addition, the plan ensured that collecting materials about diverse groups of people would be ongoing and not a one-time effort. Our process of evaluating awards was distinctive and collaborative and should be of interest to other libraries. Audience members will learn some of the considerations in curating a list of DEI awards and strategies for promoting such an initiative. Though we began with an existing guide to DEI-related awards, selectors at our institution did not feel all the awards on it would be appropriate for our approval plan, as there are cases when neither the author of the book nor the committee selecting the winner have a close relationship with the group described in the book. There is a risk that the award-granting organization could choose a book that presents a particular community in a way that the community finds problematic. In response to this concern, we devised a scheme for categorizing awards by organization type and authorship criteria, which allowed us to be selective about awards. Subject specialists were also given the opportunity to comment on the awards list, whether to add or remove awards from the list. Another concern was that some populations such as Black/African American and LGBT had more awards than others, such as people with disabilities, Native Americans, or Arabs/Arab Americans. To remedy this, we also calculated how many books we expect to receive for each population group, and for populations with especially few awards we plan to request finalists as well as winners. Our promotion efforts involve multiple departments within the Libraries, including acquisitions, cataloging and outreach. The books we receive via the awards plan will become part of a named collection that is searchable through the catalog. We plan to create a QR code linking to a canned catalog search for the awards collection. Catalogers will review and enhance the records to ensure that relevant aspects of either the author’s identity or the subject matter are identified. Outreach plans include sharing photos of new books on social media, putting signs around the new books shelf containing the QR code, emails from liaisons, and a write-up in the library’s email newsletter. We hope to repeat these activities yearly, so that the university community is aware that we continue to think about diversity, equity, & inclusion in our collection development.
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Impact of a Green Roof on Student Study Space Preferences: Does Biophilic Design Matter?This poster presents research on the impact of a biophilic design element of the Charles Library, specifically the green roof views, on student preferences for a study space in the building. The results of a student survey indicate that three factors, quiet, outlets, and favorite location, are higher in importance than "view of library green roof". Based on the survey results and student comments, a case can be made that biophilic design elements in library buildings promote student health and wellness.
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Force Prediction of Composite-coated Needle Moving Inside TissuesThis research investigates the effectiveness of a composite coating consisting of Polydopamine (PDA), Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and Activated Carbon (C) to mitigate the potentially harmful effects of needle insertion forces. By evaluating the forces at the interface between the needle and tissue, this study aims to develop a model incorporating experimental and numerical approaches to better understand the mechanics of interfacial forces during coated needle insertion. The proposed model is divided into two components: frictional forces on the needle shaft, modeled using a modified Karnopp model with an elastic force component and cutting forces on the needle tip, modeled using a constant cutting coefficient for a given tissue and insertion speed. Upon testing the model on bovine kidney tissue with a 35mm insertion depth, the results demonstrate that the difference between experimental and modeled insertion forces is in the range of 6.5-17.1% for bare and coated needle. Notably, this difference in the insertion force model is expected when working with real tissues, which possess highly complex structures.
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Predicting Needle Deflection in Soft Tissue: An Investigation of Interfacial Mechanics and Tissue DeformationPercutaneous needle insertion has become a standard procedure in the region of open surgery, notably for biopsies of abdominal tumors, breast cancer, and prostate cancer [1]. In many cases, achieving high needle targeting accuracy is difficult due to the complexity of the human body tissues. Therefore, it is essential to study and model the steering behavior of a needle inserted into multi-layered tissues to plan for the optimal path of the needle during the insertion. The procedure during which the needle must pass through multi-layer tissues requires professional skills due to complex deflections. Therefore, it is essential to create realistic simulators for surgeons and nurses, to practice their clinical skills [2].A model based on a Euler-Bernoulli beam deflecting under static force distribution profiles was developed to simulate needle insertion [3]. A needle was modeled as a cantilever beam supported by a series of nonlinear springs [4].
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Finite Element Simulation of Active Steerable Needle Insertion in Soft TissuesA finite element (FE) simulation of an active needle actuated by a nitinol shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator designed in our previous studies [1,2] has been performed for application in needle-based procedures like biopsy, brachytherapy, and tissue ablation. The simulation predicts the active needle deflection in liver and prostate tissue by applying a thermomechanical material model for the SMA actuator and needle tissue interaction forces using commercial FE software.
