2021-01-312021-01-312014-03-211932-62031932-6203http://dx.doi.org/10.34944/dspace/528924658364 (pubmed)http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12613/5307Courtesy stigma is the stigmatization a person perceives or experiences due to their association with a stigmatized individual or group. Most HIV-related stigma scales have been developed for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs), but not for their HIV-uninfected family members. To date, few measurement scales have been designed to measure the degree of stigma among both PLWHAs and their HIV-uninfected family members at the family level. We developed a set of courtesy stigma scales and estimated their reliability and validity from 256 PLWHAs and 256 of their HIV-uninfected family members. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed in two independent samples: a development sample (N = 216) and a validation sample (N = 296), respectively. Two factors ("public stigma" and "self-perceived stigma") had high internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficient between 0.83-0.90) and good construct validity (standardized factor loading range: 0.37-0.95) in both samples. These findings document that the newly developed brief instrument is a psychometrically sound measure of HIV-related stigma among both PLWHAs and their HIV-uninfected family members. © 2014 Liu et al.e92855-e92855enCC BYhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/AdultChinaCross-Sectional StudiesFactor Analysis, StatisticalFamilyFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansMaleMiddle AgedPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsRisk FactorsSocial StigmaStereotypingSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultArticle2021-01-31