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ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERIODONTAL DISEASE AND EATING DISORDERS IN ADULT PATIENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Gokhale, Sanika Samir
Gokhale, Sanika Samir
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2025-05
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Oral Biology
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https://doi.org/10.34944/mgyf-x022
Abstract
Eating disorders (ED) are psychiatric conditions that have a considerable influence on oral health. Even though oral manifestations of EDs have been studied in the past, there is a lack of clarity surrounding the effects on periodontal health. Contrasting findings warrant further research to establish evidence and guide management. We aimed to study the association between eating disorders and periodontal disease in adult patients visiting Temple University Kornberg School of Dentistry (TUKSoD) for dental care. Secondarily, we assessed the prevalence of periodontal disease in patients with and without EDs and studied the role of potential confounders (diabetes, smoking, plaque index). Our null hypothesis was that there is no association between eating disorders and periodontal disease. Demographic and diagnostic data, and medical history of patients visiting the Temple dental school between 01/01/2020 and 12/31/2023, with an ED and/ or periodontal diagnosis were extracted from AxiUm (TUKSoD’s electronic health records), after approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) and Temple’s Information Technology (IT) team. The association between eating disorders and periodontal disease was studied using descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariable analysis performed using R software (version 4.3.1). ED patients were 10% less likely to have periodontal disease. However, this was not statistically significant (OR= 0.8, 95%CI= 0.5-1.3). Patients aged 50-69 years were most likely (OR= 11.5, 95%CI= 9.5-14.0) to have periodontal disease. Males were more likely than females (OR= 1.3, 95%CI= 1.1-1.5). Diabetes (OR= 1.3, 95%CI= 1.1-1.6) and tobacco use (OR= 2.3, 95%CI= 2.0-2.7) increased the likelihood of having periodontal disease. ‘Poor’ plaque index scores (OR= 3.2, 95%CI= 2.5-4.2) increased the odds of having periodontal disease and regular brushing lowered the odds. Sociodemographic and medical history appeared to be important risk factors for periodontal disease.
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