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Regulation of the HIV-1 promoter by HIF-1 and Vpr proteins
Deshmane, SL Amini, S Sen, S Khalili, K Sawaya, BE
Deshmane, SL
Amini, S
Sen, S
Khalili, K
Sawaya, BE
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Journal Article
Date
2011-10-25
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10.1186/1743-422X-8-477
Abstract
We previously demonstrated the ability of HIV-1 Vpr protein to activate the oxidative stress pathway, thus leading to the induction of the hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1). Therefore, we sought to examine the interplay between the two proteins and the impact of HIF-1 activation on HIV-1 transcription. Using transient transfection assays, we identified the optimal concentration of HIF-1 necessary for the activation of the HIV-1 promoter as well as the domain within HIF-1 responsible for this activation. Our findings indicated that activation of the HIV-1 LTR by Vpr is HIF-1 dependent. Furthermore, we showed that both Vpr and HIF-1 activate the HIV-1 promoter through the GC-rich binding domain within the LTR. Taken together, these data shed more light on the mechanisms used by Vpr to activate the HIV-1 promoter and placed HIF-1 as a major participant in this activation. © 2011 Deshmane et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
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Virology Journal
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