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ASSESSMENT OF PERI-IMPLANT BONE MICROARCHITECTURE IN D4 BONE: AN EX VIVO MICROCT ANALYSIS

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Thesis/Dissertation
Date
2025-05
Advisor
Santana, Ronaldo
Committee member
Semeniuk, David
Sanavi, Farshid
Group
Department
Oral Biology
Subject
Dentistry
 Bone microarchitecture
 Dental implant
 Implant designs
 Implant stability quotient
 Peak insertion torque
 Primary stability
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https://scholarshare.temple.edu/handle/20.500.12613/11212
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Sabbah_temple_0225M_16057.pdf
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.34944/bwsc-kw68
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different implant designs on primary stability, peak insertion torque (PIT), implant stability quotient (ISQ), and peri-implant bone microarchitecture in low-density bone (D4). The investigation focused on three Straumann implant systems: Bone Level Tapered (BLT), Bone Level X (BLX), and Tissue Level (TL). Materials and Methods: An ex vivo model utilizing porcine tibia bone was employed. A total of 33 osteotomies were performed and implants were placed following the manufacturer’s recommendations. PIT was measured using a precision digital torque meter, and ISQ was recorded with Osstell® Mentor. Micro-computed tomography (µCT) analysis was conducted to evaluate peri-implant bone volume (BV), total volume (TV), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), and surface characteristics. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and post-hoc comparisons with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: ISQ values showed no significant differences among the three implant groups (p = 0.801), indicating comparable initial stability. However, PIT was significantly higher in the BLX group (34.9 ± 14.5 Ncm) compared to BLT (23.0 ± 8.1 Ncm, p = 0.04) and TL (21.2 ± 8.6 Ncm, p = 0.01). µCT analysis revealed that BLT implants exhibited significantly higher BV and BV/TV across multiple regions of interest (ROI1–ROI4) compared to BLX and TL implants (p < 0.0001). The BLX group demonstrated increased peri-implant bone volume in the apical region (ROI3, ROI4), while BLT exhibited higher bone volume in the coronal and midsections (ROI1, ROI2). TL implants showed the lowest BV/TV percentages, suggesting less bone compression. Surface analysis confirmed greater peri-implant bone contact in BLT, with significantly larger total VOI and object surfaces (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: BLX implants demonstrated higher PIT, suggesting increased mechanical engagement, whereas BLT implants exhibited greater peri-implant bone volume and surface contact. TL implants exhibited less peri-implant bone compression, which may affect primary stability. These findings provide insight into the role of implant design in influencing primary stability and peri-implant bone adaptation, with implications for immediate implant placement strategies in low-density bone. Further research is required to assess the long-term clinical impact of these differences.
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