Proposed Mechanism for Emodin as Agent for Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus: In Vitro Testing and In Silico Study
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Journal articleDate
2022-09-27Author
Ghoneim, Mohammed M.Al-Serwi, Rasha Hamed
El-Sherbiny, Mohamed
El-Ghaly, El-sayed M.
Hamad, Amal E.
Abdelgawad, Mohamed A.
Ragab, Ehab A.
Bukhari, Sarah I.
Bukhari, Khulud
Elokely, Khaled

Nael, Manal

Group
Institute for Computational Molecular Science (Temple University)Department
ChemistryPermanent link to this record
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12613/8248
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https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb44100307Abstract
In the search for a new anti-MRSA lead compound, emodin was identified as a good lead against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Emodin serves as a new scaffold to design novel and effective anti-MRSA agents. Because rational drug discovery is limited by the knowledge of the drug target, α-hemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus was used in this study because it has an essential role in Staphylococcus infections and because emodin shares structural features with compounds that target this enzyme. In order to explore emodin’s interactions with α-hemolysin, all possible ligand binding pockets were identified and investigated. Two ligand pockets were detected based on bound ligands and other reports. The third pocket was identified as a cryptic site after molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. MD simulations were conducted for emodin in each pocket to identify the most plausible ligand site and to aid in the design of potent anti-MRSA agents. Binding of emodin to site 1 was most stable (RMSD changes within 1 Å), while in site 2, the binding pose of emodin fluctuated, and it left after 20 ns. In site 3, it was stable during the first 50 ns, and then it started to move out of the binding site. Site 1 is a possible ligand binding pocket, and this study sheds more light on interaction types, binding mode, and key amino acids involved in ligand binding essential for better lead design. Emodin showed an IC50 value of 6.3 μg/mL, while 1, 6, and 8 triacetyl emodin showed no activity against MRSA. A molecular modeling study was pursued to better understand effective binding requirements for a lead.Citation
Ghoneim MM, Al-Serwi RH, El-Sherbiny M, El-ghaly E-sM, Hamad AE, Abdelgawad MA, Ragab EA, Bukhari SI, Bukhari K, Elokely K, Nael MA. Proposed Mechanism for Emodin as Agent for Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus: In Vitro Testing and In Silico Study. Current Issues in Molecular Biology. 2022; 44(10):4490-4499. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb44100307Citation to related work
MDPIHas part
Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Vol. 44, No. 10Topical Collection "Application of Natural and Pseudo Natural Products in Drug Discovery and Development"
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http://dx.doi.org/10.34944/dspace/8219