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    TRANSFORMATIVE HISTORY: AMERICAN MONUMENT-MAKING AND THE ROAD TO INCLUSIVE PUBLIC COMMEMORATIONS FOR BLACK AMERICAN VETERANS

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    Genre
    Thesis/Dissertation
    Date
    2022
    Author
    Bendolph, Jeanette Dianne
    Advisor
    Bruggeman, Seth C., 1975-
    Committee member
    Lowe, Hilary Iris
    Department
    History
    Subject
    Black history
    Black
    Commemoration
    Memorials
    Monuments
    Public
    Veterans
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12613/7699
    
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    DOI
    http://dx.doi.org/10.34944/dspace/7671
    Abstract
    In this thesis, I survey American public commemorations about war, the military, and Black American veterans from the nineteenth century to the present. With historiography about American war commemorations and with primary and secondary sources disclosing America’s racial hierarchy implemented legally and socially throughout this timeframe, this thesis unveils a chronology of discrimination and White supremacy which resulted in the marginalization of Black Americans in public art. Utilizing twentieth century archival records from the “National Home of Disabled and Volunteer Soldiers” as a basis of analysis, I navigate through the history of American war commemorations to unveil how the U.S.’ devotion to denoting race throughout and within its societal structures contributed to a dearth of acknowledgment of Black American servicemen in the public commemorative landscape.I argue that by evaluating the racial climate, devotion to White supremacy, and commemorative politics of American society from the nineteenth century to today, a future, more inclusive monument to Black American veterans may be formed. I also argue that by studying past implementations of public art regarding the military, war, and veterans alongside a timeline of civil rights movements including the contemporary movement “Black Lives Matter,” past monuments and commemorative structures with supremacist representations may be challenged in ways to diversify and improve the American commemorative landscape. I posit that a project to publicly depict Black servicepeople should involve Black narratives, Black leadership, and ample information about the subjects of the structure to combat past measures of erasure of Black American servicepeople in American public art.
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