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    MONITORING INFILTRATION FROM NATURAL STORMS USING TIME-LAPSE ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY

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    Genre
    Thesis/Dissertation
    Date
    2017
    Author
    Schlosser, Kenneth
    Advisor
    Toran, Laura E.
    Committee member
    Nyquist, Jonathan
    Davatzes, Alexandra K.
    Department
    Geology
    Subject
    Hydrologic Sciences
    Geophysics
    Environmental Geology
    Ert
    Infiltration
    Macropores
    Resistivity
    Riparian
    Unsaturated
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12613/2322
    
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    DOI
    http://dx.doi.org/10.34944/dspace/2304
    Abstract
    Time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (TL-ERT) enables an accurate characterization of the heterogeneity of flow through the unsaturated zone especially when compared to point measurements taken within the same survey area. The most powerful tool for understanding the unsaturated zone is a combination of several techniques. Many models of unsaturated zone flow assume a uniform wetting front even though the existence of preferential flow paths is well-documented in the literature. TL-ERT surveys were collected perpendicular to a stream at the Stroud Water Research Center in Chester County, PA to provide continuous measurement of unsaturated flow during two natural infiltration events. Dielectric sensors were installed along this transect to collect soil moisture data during these events. Additionally, slug tests and infiltrometer tests were collected along the transect to characterize the subsurface at the study site. TL-ERT successfully located sections with preferential flow, and these results were reproducible three months later. Other methods of measuring soil moisture content or infiltration rates were less successful at identifying preferential flow. The rates determined from point measurements often did not match where the TL-ERT identified zones of preferential flow. This comparison reveals that slow-infiltration points can exist within preferential pathways and exemplifies the importance of large-scale measurements in the unsaturated zone. Any scientific study looking at infiltration should consider utilizing TL-ERT to map where preferential flow may be occurring.
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