• Login
    View Item 
    •   Home
    • Theses and Dissertations
    • Theses and Dissertations
    • View Item
    •   Home
    • Theses and Dissertations
    • Theses and Dissertations
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    Browse

    All of TUScholarShareCommunitiesDateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsGenresThis CollectionDateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsGenres

    My Account

    LoginRegister

    Help

    AboutPeoplePoliciesHelp for DepositorsData DepositFAQs

    Statistics

    Most Popular ItemsStatistics by CountryMost Popular Authors

    Strain-dependent and age-dependent effects of acute, chronic, and withdrawal from chronic nicotine on fear conditioning.

    • CSV
    • RefMan
    • EndNote
    • BibTex
    • RefWorks
    Thumbnail
    Name:
    Portugal_temple_0225E_10586.pdf
    Size:
    1.279Mb
    Format:
    PDF
    Download
    Genre
    Thesis/Dissertation
    Date
    2010
    Author
    Portugal, George Sussman
    Advisor
    Gould, Thomas John, 1966-
    Committee member
    Olson, Ingrid R.
    Curby, Kim
    Weisberg, Robert W.
    Newcombe, Nora
    Marshall, Peter J.
    Department
    Psychology
    Subject
    Psychology, Physiological
    Psychology, Developmental
    Addiction
    Adolescence
    Fear Conditioning
    Genetics
    Learning
    Nicotine
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12613/2177
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    DOI
    http://dx.doi.org/10.34944/dspace/2159
    Abstract
    Research in both humans and animals demonstrates that nicotine addiction is a complex disorder that can be influenced by several factors. For instance, individual differences in genetics can impact sensitivity to nicotine and can modulate the severity of nicotine withdrawal. Although nicotine alters cognitive processes such as learning and memory, it remains unknown whether genetic variability modulates the effects of nicotine on these cognitive functions. Thus, the present study characterized the effects of acute, chronic, and withdrawal from chronic nicotine administration on fear conditioning in 8 strains of inbred mice. Furthermore, nicotine withdrawal-related changes in somatic signs and the elevated plus maze were examined because nicotine withdrawal consists of multiple symptoms that can include increased somatic signs and increased anxiety. Strain-dependent effects of acute nicotine and nicotine withdrawal on contextual fear conditioning were observed in several inbred strains. However, the effects of acute nicotine on contextual fear conditioning were not associated with the effects of nicotine withdrawal, suggesting that different genetic substrates may mediate these two effects. Nicotine withdrawal produced few changes in somatic signs and exploration in the elevated plus maze. Overall, these data demonstrate that genetics contribute to variability in the effects of acute nicotine and withdrawal from chronic nicotine treatment on contextual fear conditioning. The identification of genes that may alter the effects of nicotine on cognition may lead to more efficacious treatments for nicotine addiction. The age during which nicotine use begins is a second factor that may influence the severity of nicotine addiction. Pre-adolescence and adolescence are periods of development that have an increased risk for developing addiction to nicotine. Nicotine alters contextual learning, but it remains unknown whether these effects are age-dependent. Therefore, the present study examined the effects of acute, chronic, and withdrawal from chronic nicotine on fear conditioning in pre-adolescent, adolescent, and adult mice. In addition, we investigated whether exposure to chronic nicotine during pre-adolescence or adolescence has long-lasting effects on contextual learning that occurs during adulthood. Pre-adolescent mice were more sensitive to the effects of acute nicotine than adolescents and adults, showed enhanced contextual learning when treated with high doses of chronic nicotine, and were less sensitive than adolescents and adults to nicotine withdrawal-related deficits in contextual learning. In contrast, adolescent mice were less sensitive to the effects of acute nicotine on contextual learning than pre-adolescents and adults and were more sensitive to nicotine withdrawal-related deficits in contextual learning relative to pre-adolescents and adults. Chronic nicotine exposure during pre-adolescence or adolescence also produced long-lasting impairments in contextual learning that were observed during adulthood, whereas adult chronic nicotine exposure had no effect on fear conditioning. Together, these data suggest that pre-adolescent and adolescent nicotine exposure has both short-term and long-term effects on contextual learning that may play an important role in the development and maintenance of nicotine addiction.
    ADA compliance
    For Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) accommodation, including help with reading this content, please contact scholarshare@temple.edu
    Collections
    Theses and Dissertations

    entitlement

     
    DSpace software (copyright © 2002 - 2023)  DuraSpace
    Temple University Libraries | 1900 N. 13th Street | Philadelphia, PA 19122
    (215) 204-8212 | scholarshare@temple.edu
    Open Repository is a service operated by 
    Atmire NV
     

    Export search results

    The export option will allow you to export the current search results of the entered query to a file. Different formats are available for download. To export the items, click on the button corresponding with the preferred download format.

    By default, clicking on the export buttons will result in a download of the allowed maximum amount of items.

    To select a subset of the search results, click "Selective Export" button and make a selection of the items you want to export. The amount of items that can be exported at once is similarly restricted as the full export.

    After making a selection, click one of the export format buttons. The amount of items that will be exported is indicated in the bubble next to export format.