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    Fantasizing Hermaphroditism: Two-Sexed Metaphors in Nineteenth-Century American Literature and Culture

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    Genre
    Thesis/Dissertation
    Date
    2017
    Author
    Lewis-Turner, Jessica Lindsay
    Advisor
    Salazar, James B.
    Committee member
    Wells, Susan, 1947-
    Gauch, Suzanne, 1965-
    Levitt, Laura, 1960-
    Department
    English
    Subject
    Literature, English
    Women's Studies
    Gender
    Hermaphrodite
    Hermaphroditism
    Nineteenth Century
    Sex
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12613/1730
    
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    DOI
    http://dx.doi.org/10.34944/dspace/1712
    Abstract
    In nineteenth-century medicine, it was generally agreed that “true hermaphroditism,” or the equal combination of male and female sexual characteristics in one body, was impossible in humans. Yet true hermaphroditism remained a significant presence in both fictional and non-fictional texts. Much of the scholarly literature is on the history of hermaphroditism as a history of intersexuality. Fantasizing Hermaphroditism: Two-Sexed Metaphors in Nineteenth-Century American Literature and Culture is a study of both hermaphroditism and the hermaphrodite as a fantasy. My approach is a combination of historicization and close reading. The chapters are in chronological order, and each chapter is centered on a single text. Chapter 1 addresses Julia Ward Howe’s fictional manuscript, The Hermaphrodite; Chapter 2, S.H. Harris’ case narrative on “A Case of Doubtful Sex”; Chapter 3, James Kiernan’s theoretical treatise on “Responsibility in Sexual Perversion”; and Chapter 4, a memoir by an author who went by the names Ralph Werther and Earl Lind, titled Autobiography of an Androgyne. I begin with the broader cultural moment of the text’s writing, and then explore the text’s language and structure in greater depth. This range of texts demonstrates that the hermaphrodite was a fantasy for nineteenth century authors, described as an impossibility but inspiring very real fear and pleasure. The language that they—and we—use in fantasies about the unreal hermaphrodite can help us to unpack these anxieties and desires around marriage, the body, race, and the definition of the individual.
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