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    ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGETIC CONSTRAINTS ON COLD-WATER CORALS

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    Genre
    Thesis/Dissertation
    Date
    2016
    Author
    Georgian, Sam Ellis
    Advisor
    Cordes, Erik E.
    Committee member
    Cordes, Erik E.
    Sanders, Robert W.
    Freestone, Amy
    Larsson, Ann
    Department
    Biology
    Subject
    Biology
    Ecology
    Physiology
    Climate Change
    Cold-water Coral
    Deep Sea
    Energetics
    Niche Model
    Ocean Acidification
    Permanent link to this record
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12613/1286
    
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    DOI
    http://dx.doi.org/10.34944/dspace/1268
    Abstract
    Cold-water corals act as critical foundation species in the deep sea by creating extensive three-dimensional habitat structures that support biodiversity hotspots. There is currently a paucity of data concerning the environmental requirements and physiology of cold-water corals, severely limiting our ability to predict how resilient they will be to future environmental change. Cold-water corals are expected to be particularly vulnerable to the effects of ocean acidification, the reduction in seawater pH and associated changes to the carbonate system caused by anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Here, the ecological niche and physiology of the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa is explored to predict its sensitivity to ocean acidification. Species distribution models were generated in order to quantify L. pertusa’s niche in the Gulf of Mexico with regard to parameters including seafloor topography, the carbonate system, and the availability of hard substrate. A robust oceanographic assessment of the Gulf of Mexico was conducted in order to characterize the current environmental conditions at benthic sites, with a focus on establishing the baseline carbonate system in L. pertusa habitats. Finally, an experimental approach was used to test the physiological response of biogeographically separated L. pertusa populations from the Gulf of Mexico and the Norwegian coast to ocean acidification. Based on my findings, it appears that L. pertusa already persists near the edge of its viable niche space in some locations, and therefore may be highly vulnerable to environmental change. However, experimental results suggest that some populations may be surprisingly resilient to ocean acidification, yielding broad implications for the continued persistence of cold-water corals in future oceans.
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