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Socio-Clinical Correlations with Threat Perception and Self-Efficacy in People with Type 2 Diabetes

; ; 
Swavely, Deborah
; ; 
Chen, Sophia K.
; 
Kim, Sarah
; 
Kelly, Patrick J.A.
; ; 
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Pre-print
Date
2024-01-26
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Medicine
Social and Behavioral Sciences
Subject
Type 2 diabetes
 Self-efficacy
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http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12613/9698
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HuEtAl-PrePrint-2024-01-26.pdf
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http://dx.doi.org/10.34944/dspace/9660
Abstract
Introduction: Medically underserved people perform suboptimal type 2 diabetes (T2D) self-care, which contributes to worse diabetes control and higher complication rates. A better understanding of how beliefs about self-efficacy and the threat of diabetic complications affect self-management behavior may be informative to develop more effective interventions. Research Design and Methods: The Extended Parallel Processing Model (EPPM), a theoretical framework of perceived efficacy and disease threat, was used in a cross-sectional study to categorize 168 adults with T2D from urban safety-net clinics and the local community by self-efficacy and perceived threat from T2D and cardiovascular disease. The EPPM model offers four categories: high threat (HT)/high efficacy (HE), low threat (LT)/low efficacy (LE), HT/LE, and LT/HE. Participant demographic information, complications, medications, and other characteristics were compared across the EPPM groups. Results: The sample included 168 participants, of which 76% were Black, 16% were Hispanic, and 7% were White. HT/LE people had the lowest medication adherence (p<0.01), the lowest T2D management score (p<0.0001), the highest A1C numerically (p=0.10), and the most microvascular complications relative to other EPPM groups (p<0.01). Gender, Race/Ethnicity, education, and health insurance did not vary among EPPM groups. Conclusions: The EPPM is associated with T2D clinical outcomes and self-management behaviors. Moving people from HT/LE to LT/HE may improve T2D management. This model may be useful to target people with T2D for behavioral intervention.
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Hu J, Bass SB, Swavely D, Zisman-Ilani Y, Chen SK, Kim S, Kelly PJA, Hoadley A, Rubin DJ. Socio-Clinical Correlations with Threat Perception and Self-Efficacy in People with Type 2 Diabetes. TUScholarShare [Preprint]. January 26, 2024. Available from: [doi]
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