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Phylogeographic evidence for 2 genetically distinct zoonotic Plasmodium knowlesi Parasites, Malaysia
Yusof, R Ahmed, MA Jelip, J Ngian, HU Mustakim, S Hussin, HM Fong, MY Mahmud, R Sitam, FAT Rovie-Ryan Japning, J
Yusof, R
Ahmed, MA
Jelip, J
Ngian, HU
Mustakim, S
Hussin, HM
Fong, MY
Mahmud, R
Sitam, FAT
Rovie-Ryan Japning, J
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Genre
Journal Article
Date
2016-08-01
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Department
Subject
Cytochrome oxidase 1
Malaysia
Malaysian Borneo
Peninsular Malaysia
Plasmodium knowlesi
Southeast Asia
biological evolution
genetic diversity
human
macaque
malaria
parasite
population genetics
ribosomal RNA
simian
zoonoses
Animals
Electron Transport Complex IV
Genetic Variation
Humans
Macaca
Malaria
Malaysia
Monkey Diseases
Plasmodium knowlesi
RNA, Ribosomal, 18S
Zoonoses
Malaysia
Malaysian Borneo
Peninsular Malaysia
Plasmodium knowlesi
Southeast Asia
biological evolution
genetic diversity
human
macaque
malaria
parasite
population genetics
ribosomal RNA
simian
zoonoses
Animals
Electron Transport Complex IV
Genetic Variation
Humans
Macaca
Malaria
Malaysia
Monkey Diseases
Plasmodium knowlesi
RNA, Ribosomal, 18S
Zoonoses
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DOI
10.3201/eid2208.151885
Abstract
© 2016, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). All rights reserved. Infections of humans with the zoonotic simian malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi occur throughout Southeast Asia, although most cases have occurred in Malaysia, where P. knowlesi is now the dominant malaria species. This apparently skewed distribution prompted an investigation of the phylogeography of this parasite in 2 geographically separated regions of Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo. We investigated samples collected from humans and macaques in these regions. Haplotype network analyses of sequences from 2 P. knowlesi genes, type A small subunit ribosomal 18S RNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, showed 2 genetically distinct divergent clusters, 1 from each of the 2 regions of Malaysia. We propose that these parasites represent 2 distinct P. knowlesi types that independently became zoonotic. These types would have evolved after the sea-level rise at the end of the last ice age, which separated Malaysian Borneo from Peninsular Malaysia.
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
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Emerging Infectious Diseases
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