Loading...
Ribonuclease III mechanisms of double-stranded RNA cleavage
Nicholson, AW
Nicholson, AW
Citations
Altmetric:
Genre
Review
Journal
Journal
Date
2014-01-01
Advisor
Committee member
Group
Department
Permanent link to this record
Collections
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
DOI
10.1002/wrna.1195
Abstract
Double-stranded(ds) RNA has diverse roles in gene expression and regulation, host defense, and genome surveillance in bacterial and eukaryotic cells. A central aspect of dsRNA function is its selective recognition and cleavage by members of the ribonuclease III (RNase III) family of divalent-metal-ion-dependent phosphodiesterases. The processing of dsRNA by RNase III family members is an essential step in the maturation and decay of coding and noncoding RNAs, including miRNAs and siRNAs. RNase III, as first purified from Escherichia coli, has served as a biochemically well-characterized prototype, and other bacterial orthologs provided the first structural information. RNase III family members share a unique fold (RNase III domain) that can dimerize to form a structure that binds dsRNA and cleaves phosphodiesters on each strand, providing the characteristic 2 nt, 3'-overhang product ends. Ongoing studies are uncovering the functions of additional domains, including, inter alia, the dsRNA-binding and PAZ domains that cooperate with the RNase III domain to select target sites, regulate activity, confer processivity, and support the recognition of structurally diverse substrates. RNase III enzymes function in multicomponent assemblies that are regulated by diverse inputs, and at least one RNase III-related polypeptide can function as a noncatalytic, dsRNA-binding protein. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the mechanisms of catalysis and target site selection of RNase III family members, and also addresses less well understood aspects of these enzymes and their interactions with dsRNA. © 2013 The Authors. WIREs RNA published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Description
Citation
Citation to related work
Wiley
Has part
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: RNA
ADA compliance
For Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) accommodation, including help with reading this content, please contact scholarshare@temple.edu