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Bipolar spectrum disorders are associated with increased gray matter volume in the medial orbitofrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens

Damme, Katherine S.F.
; 
Alloy, Lauren B.
; 
Kelley, Nicholas J.
; 
Carroll, Ann
; 
Young, Christina B.
; ; ; ; 
Bart, Corinne P.
; 
Nusslock, Robin
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Journal article
Date
2022-03-08
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Psychology and Neuroscience
Subject
Bipolar spectrum disorder
 Frontostriatal
 Gray matter volume
 Male
 Reward
 Risk
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http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12613/9411
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AlloyEtAl-JournalArticle-2022-03.pdf
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.12068
Abstract
Objective: Elevated sensitivity to rewards prospectively predicts Bipolar Spectrum Disorder (BSD) onset; however, it is unclear whether volumetric abnormalities also reflect BSD risk. BSDs emerge when critical neurodevelopment in frontal and striatal regions occurs in sex-specific ways. The current paper examined the volume of frontal and striatal brain regions in both individuals with and at risk for a BSD with exploratory analyses examining sex-specificity. Methods: One hundred fourteen medication-free individuals ages 18–27 at low-risk for BSD (moderate-reward sensitivity; N = 37), at high-risk without a BSD (high-reward sensitivity; N = 47), or with a BSD (N = 30) completed a structural MRI scan of the brain. We examined group differences in gray matter volume in a priori medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAcc) regions-of-interest. Results: The BSD group had enlarged frontostriatal volumes (mOFC, NAcc) compared to low individuals (d = 1.01). The mOFC volume in BSD was larger than low-risk (d = 1.01) and the high-risk groups (d = 0.74). This effect was driven by males with a BSD, who showed an enlarged mOFC compared to low (d = 1.01) and high-risk males (d = 0.74). Males with a BSD also showed a greater NAcc volume compared to males at low-risk (d = 0.49), but not high-risk males. Conclusions: An enlarged frontostriatal volume (averaged mOFC, NAcc) is associated with the presence of a BSD, while subvolumes (mOFC vs. NAcc) showed unique patterning in relation to risk. We report preliminary evidence that sex moderates frontostriatal volume in BSD, highlighting the need for larger longitudinal risk studies examining the role of sex-specific neurodevelopmental trajectories in emerging BSDs.
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Damme, K. S. F., Alloy, L. B., Kelley, N. J., Carroll, A., Young, C. B., Chein, J., Ng, T. H., Titone, M. K., Bart, C. P., & Nusslock, R. (2022). Bipolar spectrum disorders are associated with increased gray matter volume in the medial orbitofrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens. JCPP Advances, 2(1), e12068. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcv2.12068
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Wiley Open Access
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JCPP Advances, Vol. 2, Iss. 1
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