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Connecting brain responsivity and real-world risk taking: Strengths and limitations of current methodological approaches

Sherman, L
; 
Steinberg, L
; 
Chein, J
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Review
Journal
Date
2018-10-01
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Department
Subject
Adolescence
 Risk-taking
 Dual systems
 Reward
 Individual differences
 Substance use
 Drug use
 p-curve
 Ventral striatum
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http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12613/4393
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Connecting brain responsivity and real-world risk taking Strengths and limitations of current methodological approaches.pdf
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DOI
10.1016/j.dcn.2017.05.007
Abstract
© 2017 The Authors In line with the goal of limiting health risk behaviors in adolescence, a growing literature investigates whether individual differences in functional brain responses can be related to vulnerability to engage in risky decision-making. We review this body of work, investigate when and in what way findings converge, and provide best practice recommendations. We identified 23 studies that examined individual differences in brain responsivity and adolescent risk taking. Findings varied widely in terms of the neural regions identified as relating to risky behavior. This heterogeneity is likely due to the abundance of approaches used to assess risk taking, and to the disparity of fMRI tasks. Indeed, brain-behavior correlations were typically found in regions showing a main effect of task. However, results from a test of publication bias suggested that region of interest approaches lacked evidential value. The findings suggest that neural factors differentiating riskier teens are not localized to a single region. Therefore, approaches that utilize data from the entire brain, particularly in predictive analyses, may yield more reliable and applicable results. We discuss several decision points that researchers should consider when designing a study, and emphasize the importance of precise research questions that move beyond a general desire to address adolescent risk taking.
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Elsevier BV
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Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
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