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ASSESSMENT OF ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT AND FLOWABILITY OF BIOCERAMIC SEALER MODIFIED WITH BaTiO3 NANOPARTICLES
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2024-08
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Oral Biology
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http://dx.doi.org/10.34944/dspace/10672
Abstract
Introduction: One of the main causes of endodontic treatment failures is the persistence of microorganisms within the root canal systems. Piezoelectric materials, including barium titanate (BaTiO3), offer antibacterial effects. The aim of this project is to develop an endodontic sealer embedded with piezoelectric fillers for the prevention of root canal infections.
Materials and methods: BaTiO3 particles were mixed with EndoSequence (BC) sealer in two concentrations (5% and 10%wt). Flowability test was conducted for each type of sealer according to ISO-6876 guidelines. The antibacterial evaluation was performed using an ex-vivo model. Single-rooted extracted teeth were instrumented, and canals were infected with Enterococcus faecalis for 7 days. Following the root canal treatment, the sealers (BC, BC+ BaTiO3-5%, BC+ BaTiO3-10%) were used for obturation. Untreated teeth were used as positive control. Specimens with BaTiO3 particles were subjected to compression cyclic loading to activate the piezoelectric charges and resemble mastication forces. Cell viability (CFU/mL) was used to determine the number of bacteria at the bonded interface of the sealant. ANOVA was used to evaluate the statistical differences among the groups.
Results: The addition of BaTiO3 particles into BC Sealer resulted in a decrease in flowability (BC: 21.7 ± 0.55 mm, BC+ BaTiO3-5%:19.5 ± 0.50 mm, BC+ BaTiO3-10%:17.44 ± 0.40 mm). All sealers exhibited antibacterial properties. The addition of BaTiO3 nanoparticles significantly enhanced the antibacterial efficacy compared to BC sealer. However, there was no significant difference between the BC+BTO 5% and BC+BTO 10% groups (BC: 3.90 ± 0.27, while both the BC+BTO 5%: 3.31 ± 0.12, BC+BTO 10%: 3.01 ± 0.22).
Conclusion: An antibacterial piezoelectric endodontic sealer was developed. Adding more than 5%w of BaTiO3 particles into BC sealers enhanced the antimicrobial efficacy. However, adding more than 10% of BaTiO3 negatively affects the sealer's flow properties.
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