TY - JOUR TI - The promotion of well-being among children exposed to intimate partner violence: A systematic review of interventions AU - Latzman, Natasha E. AU - Casanueva, Cecilia AU - Brinton, Julia AU - Forman‐Hoffman, Valerie L. T2 - Campbell Systematic Reviews DA - 2019/// PY - 2019 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1049 DP - Wiley Online Library VL - 15 IS - 3 SP - e1049 LA - en SN - 1891-1803 ST - The promotion of well-being among children exposed to intimate partner violence UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/cl2.1049 Y2 - 2021/03/09/20:56:53 L1 - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/cl2.1049 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Economic Self-Help group Programs for Improving Women's Empowerment: A Systematic Review AU - Brody, Carinne AU - Hoop, Thomas de AU - Vojtkova, Martina AU - Warnock, Ruby AU - Dunbar, Megan AU - Murthy, Padmini AU - Dworkin, Shari L. T2 - Campbell Systematic Reviews AB - This Campbell systematic review examines the effectiveness of women's economic self-help groups (ESHG) on individual women empowerment in low-and middle-income countries. It also examines the mechanisms that empower women through female participants' experiences of ESHG membership. The review summarises findings from 23 quantitative studies and 11 qualitative studies. The vast majority of these studies was conducted in South Asia. ESHG have positive effects on women's economic and political empowerment, as well as social empowerment - such as, women's family size decision-making power and social mobility. There is no quantitative evidence to indicate positive effects on women's psychological empowerment. However, the qualitative studies suggest that women participating in ESHG perceive themselves as psychologically empowered. ESHG with a training component, such as financial and business education or life skills training, have a larger effect than programs that do not involve training. Important mechanisms which facilitate empowerment are gaining financial skills (economic empowerment); gaining the capability to speak in front of others, access to household decision-making (psychological empowerment); improved networks and the experience of mutual support from and solidarity with fellow group members (social empowerment); and access to wider social participation combined with an increased understanding of political contexts and individual rights (political empowerment). There is no evidence of increased levels of domestic violence. Qualitative data indicate that ESHG may decrease domestic violence as women gain respect from their partners, families and access to household decision-making. Few qualitative studies report experiences of disappointment, mistrust and stigma among women who attended ESHG. ESHGs do not reach the poorest citizens. The ‘poorest of the poor’ do not participate for economic and religious reasons, and mechanisms of self-selection. Plain language summary Motivation: Self-help groups (SHGs) are implemented around the world to empower women, supported by many developing country governments and agencies. A relatively large number of studies purport to demonstrate the effectiveness of SHGs. This is the first systematic review of that evidence. Approach: We conducted a systematic review of the effectiveness of women's economic SHG programs, incorporating evidence from quantitative and qualitative studies. We systematically searched for published and unpublished literature, and applied inclusion criteria based on the study protocol. We critically appraised all included studies and used a combination of statistical meta-analysis and meta-ethnography to synthesize the findings based on a theory of change. Findings from quantitative synthesis: Our review suggests that economic SHGs have positive effects on various dimensions of women's empowerment, including economic, social, and political empowerment. However, we did not find evidence for positive effects of SHGs on psychological empowerment. Our findings further suggest there are important variations in the impacts of SHGs on empowerment that are associated with program design and contextual characteristics. Findings from qualitative synthesis: Women's perspectives on factors determining their participation in, and benefits from, SHGs suggest various pathways through which SHGs could achieve the identified positive impacts. Evidence suggested that the positive effects of SHGs on economic, social, and political empowerment run through the channels of familiarity with handling money and independence in financial decision making, solidarity, improved social networks, and respect from the household and other community members. In contrast to the quantitative evidence, the qualitative synthesis suggests that women participating in SHGs perceive themselves to be psychologically empowered. Women also perceive low participation of the poorest of the poor in SHGs due to various barriers, which could potentially limit the benefits the poorest could gain from SHG membership. Findings from integrated synthesis: Our integration of the quantitative and qualitative evidence suggests there is no evidence for adverse effects of women's SHGs on the likelihood of domestic violence. Women's perspectives in the qualitative research indicate that even if domestic violence occurs in the short term, in the long term the benefits from SHG membership may mitigate the initial adverse consequences of SHGs on domestic violence. Executive Summary BACKGROUND Women bear an unequal share of the burden of poverty globally due to societal and structural barriers. One way that governments, development agencies, and grassroots women's groups have tried to address these inequalities is through women's SHGs. This review focuses on the impacts of SHGs with a broad range of collective finance, enterprise, and livelihood components on women's political, economic, social, and psychological empowerment. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this review was to examine the impact of women's economic SHGs on women's individual-level empowerment in low- and middle-income countries using evidence from rigorous quantitative evaluations. The secondary objective was to examine the perspectives of female participants on their experiences of empowerment as a result of participation in economic SHGs in low-and middle-income countries using evidence from high-quality qualitative evaluations. We conducted an integrated mixed-methods systematic review that examined data generated through both quantitative and qualitative research methods. SEARCH METHODS We searched electronic databases, grey literature, relevant journals and organization websites and performed keyword hand searches and requested recommendation from key personnel. The search was conducted from March 2013–February 2014. SELECTION CRITERIA We included studies conducted from 1980–January 2014 that examined the impact of SHGs on the empowerment of and perspectives of women of all ages in low- and middle-income countries, as defined by the World Bank, who participated in SHGs in which female participants physically came together and received a collective finance and enterprise and/or livelihoods group intervention. To be included in the review, quantitative studies had to measure economic empowerment, political empowerment, psychological empowerment or social empowerment. We also examined adverse outcomes including intimate partner violence, stigma, disappointment, and reduced subjective well-being. We included quantitative studies with experimental designs using random assignment to the intervention and quasi-experimental designs with non-random assignment (such as regression discontinuity designs, “natural experiments,” and studies in which participants self-select into the program). In addition, we included qualitative studies that explored empowerment from the perspectives of women participants in SHGs using in-depth interviews, ethnography/participant observation, and focus groups. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We systematically coded information from the included studies and critically appraised them. We conducted statistical meta-analysis from the data extracted from quantitative experimental and quasi-experimental studies, and used meta-ethnographic methods to synthesize the textual data extracted from the women's quotes in the qualitative studies. We then integrated the findings from the qualitative synthesis with those from the quantitative studies to develop a framework for assessing how economic SHGs might impact women's empowerment. RESULTS We included a total of 23 quantitative and 11 qualitative studies in the final analysis. Initially, we reviewed 3,536 abstracts from electronic database searches and 351 abstracts from the gray literature searches. We found that women's economic SHGs have positive statistically significant effects on various dimensions of women's empowerment, including economic, social and political empowerment ranging from 0.06-0.41 SD. We did not find evidence for statistically significant effects of SHGs on psychological empowerment. We also did not find statistical evidence of adverse effects of women's SHGs. Our integration of the quantitative and qualitative evidence indicates that SHGs do not have adverse consequences for domestic violence. Our synthesis of women's perspectives on factors determining their participation in, and benefits from SHGs suggests various pathways through which SHGs could achieve the identified positive impacts on empowerment. Women's experiences suggested that the positive effects of SHGs on economic, social, and political empowerment run through several channels including: familiarity with handling money and independence in financial decision making; solidarity; improved social networks; and respect from the household and other community members. Our synthesis of the qualitative evidence (key informant interviews and focus groups) also indicates that women perceive there to be low participation of the poorest of the poor in SHGs, as compared to less poor women. IMPLICATIONS FOR POLICY, PRACTICE AND RESEARCH For Policy: SHGs can have positive effects on women's economic, social, and political empowerment. However, we did not find evidence for positive effects on psychological empowerment. These findings indicate that donors can consider funding women's SHGs in order to stimulate women's economic, social, and political empowerment, but the effects of SHGs on psychological empowerment are less clear. Women SHG members perceive that the poorest of the poor participate less than other women. In part, this might be because the poorest of the poor are too financially and/or socially constrained to join SHGs or to benefit from the financial services most often provided through SHGs. Other barriers such as class or caste discrimination might also be present. Poorer or marginalized women may not feel accepted by groups that are made up of wealthier or more well-connected community members. It is important for policy makers to identify ways to build in support and reduce barriers for individual women who want to participate in SHGs but who do not have the financial resources or freedoms to join. For Practice: We do not find evidence for adverse effects of women SHGs on domestic violence based on the integration of the quantitative and the qualitative evidence. Although there may be adverse consequences in the short term, analysis of women's reports suggest that SHGs do not contribute to increases in domestic violence in the long term. Furthermore, participation of the poorest of the poor in SHGs may be stimulated by incentives. These incentives could be financial, for example, by giving the poorest of the poor the opportunity to participate without a savings requirements, or non-financial, for example, by stimulating the husbands or mothers-in-law of the poorest of the poor to let their spouses and daughters-in-law participate in SHGs or conducting outreach activities to marginalized groups. As new programs are implemented in different contexts, it is also important that program designs are tailored to the local settings in ways that allow them to evolve over time. This review has shown that one-size does not fit all, and while it is important to take best practices across programs for implementation, this means that flexibility is required to adapt programs successfully for the greatest impact in women's lives. For Research: There is a need for more rigorous quantitative studies that can correct for selection bias, spillovers and the difficulties of measuring empowerment. There is also a need for more research, focused on examining possible factors that meditate and/or moderate the impact of SHGs on women's empowerment to further understand the pathways or mechanisms through which SHGs impact empowerment. For the latter it is crucial to conduct rigorous qualitative research in addition to rigorous quantitative research. Whereas quantitative research is useful in understanding certain aspects of the impact of SHGs on empowerment, qualitative studies could show us more nuanced ideas about how to measure empowerment. Importantly, both quantitative and qualitative studies need to describe more fully the various components of the SHGs being studied. Greater detail in the description of the program design will help in determining moderating factors in the design of SHGs. DA - 2015/// PY - 2015 DO - https://doi.org/10.4073/csr.2015.19 DP - Wiley Online Library VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 182 LA - en SN - 1891-1803 ST - Economic Self-Help group Programs for Improving Women's Empowerment UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.4073/csr.2015.19 Y2 - 2021/03/09/20:57:24 L1 - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.4073/csr.2015.19 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Parent-infant Psychotherapy for Improving Parental and Infant Mental Health: A Systematic Review AU - Barlow, Jane AU - Bennett, Cathy AU - Midgley, Nick AU - Larkin, Soili K. AU - Wei, Yinghui T2 - Campbell Systematic Reviews AB - This co-registered Cochrane and Campbell systematic review compares the effectiveness of parent-infant psychotherapy (PIP) in improving the mental health of parents, the parent-infant relationship and infant emotional wellbeing with that of no treatment, treatment as usual and alternative treatments. The review summarises findings from eight randomised controlled trials (RCTs), with a total of 846 participants. Compared with no treatment or treatment-as-usual, PIP participants show an increase in the number of infants securely attached; fewer infants with an avoidant or disorganised attachment style; and more infants moving from insecure to secure attachment. This was maintained at follow up. PIP is neither more nor less effective than no treatment or treatment-as-usual in improving maternal mental health, and reflective functioning; infant stress and development; or the quality of the mother-infant interaction. Parent-infant psychotherapy (PIP) is a dyadic intervention that works with parent and infant together, with the aim of improving the parent-infant relationship and promoting infant attachment and optimal infant development. PIP aims to achieve this by targeting the mother's view of her infant, which may be affected by her own experiences, and linking them to her current relationship to her child, in order to improve the parent-infant relationship directly. Abstract BACKGROUND Parent-infant psychotherapy (PIP) is a dyadic intervention that works with parent and infant together, with the aim of improving the parent-infant relationship and promoting infant attachment and optimal infant development. PIP aims to achieve this by targeting the mother's view of her infant, which may be affected by her own experiences, and linking them to her current relationship to her child, in order to improve the parent-infant relationship directly. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of PIP in improving parental and infant mental health and the parent-infant relationship. To identify the programme components that appear to be associated with more effective outcomes and factors that modify intervention effectiveness (e.g. programme duration, programme focus). SEARCH METHODS We searched the following electronic databases on 13 January 2014: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, 2014, Issue 1), Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, BIOSIS Citation Index, Science Citation Index, ERIC, and Sociological Abstracts. We also searched the metaRegister of Controlled Trials, checked reference lists, and contacted study authors and other experts. SELECTION CRITERIA Two review authors assessed study eligibility independently. We included randomised controlled trials (RCT) and quasi-randomised controlled trials (quasi-RCT) that compared a PIP programme directed at parents with infants aged 24 months or less at study entry, with a control condition (i.e. waiting-list, no treatment or treatment-as-usual), and used at least one standardised measure of parental or infant functioning. We also included studies that only used a second treatment group. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We adhered to the standard methodological procedures of The Cochrane Collaboration. We standardised the treatment effect for each outcome in each study by dividing the mean difference (MD) in post-intervention scores between the intervention and control groups by the pooled standard deviation. We presented standardised mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for continuous data, and risk ratios (RR) for dichotomous data. We undertook meta-analysis using a random-effects model. MAIN RESULTS We included eight studies comprising 846 randomised participants, of which four studies involved comparisons of PIP with control groups only. Four studies involved comparisons with another treatment group (i.e. another PIP, video-interaction guidance, psychoeducation, counselling or cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)), two of these studies included a control group in addition to an alternative treatment group. Samples included women with postpartum depression, anxious or insecure attachment, maltreated, and prison populations. We assessed potential bias (random sequence generation, allocation concealment, incomplete outcome data, selective reporting, blinding of participants and personnel, blinding of outcome assessment, and other bias). Four studies were at low risk of bias in four or more domains. Four studies were at high risk of bias for allocation concealment, and no study blinded participants or personnel to the intervention. Five studies did not provide adequate information for assessment of risk of bias in at least one domain (rated as unclear). Six studies contributed data to the PIP versus control comparisons producing 19 meta-analyses of outcomes measured at post-intervention or follow-up, or both, for the primary outcomes of parental depression (both dichotomous and continuous data); measures of parent-child interaction (i.e. maternal sensitivity, child involvement and parent engagement; infant attachment category (secure, avoidant, disorganised, resistant); attachment change (insecure to secure, stable secure, secure to insecure, stable insecure); infant behaviour and secondary outcomes (e.g. infant cognitive development). The results favoured neither PIP nor control for incidence of parental depression (RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.04, 3 studies, 278 participants, low quality evidence) or parent-reported levels of depression (SMD - 0.22, 95% CI -0.46 to 0.02, 4 studies, 356 participants, low quality evidence). There were improvements favouring PIP in the proportion of infants securely attached at post-intervention (RR 8.93, 95% CI 1.25 to 63.70, 2 studies, 168 participants, very low quality evidence); a reduction in the number of infants with an avoidant attachment style at post-intervention (RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.95, 2 studies, 168 participants, low quality evidence); fewer infants with disorganised attachment at post-intervention (RR 0.32, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.58, 2 studies, 168 participants, low quality evidence); and an increase in the proportion of infants moving from insecure to secure attachment at post-intervention (RR 11.45, 95% CI 3.11 to 42.08, 2 studies, 168 participants, low quality evidence). There were no differences between PIP and control in any of the meta-analyses for the remaining primary outcomes (i.e. adverse effects), or secondary outcomes. Four studies contributed data at post-intervention or follow-up to the PIP versus alternative treatment analyses producing 15 meta-analyses measuring parent mental health (depression); parent-infant interaction (maternal sensitivity); infant attachment category (secure, avoidant, resistant, disorganised) and attachment change (insecure to secure, stable secure, secure to insecure, stable insecure); infant behaviour and infant cognitive development. None of the remaining meta-analyses of PIP versus alternative treatment for primary outcomes (i.e. adverse effects), or secondary outcomes showed differences in outcome or any adverse changes. We used the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation Working Group (GRADE) approach to rate the overall quality of the evidence. For all comparisons, we rated the evidence as low or very low quality for parental depression and secure or disorganised infant attachment. Where we downgraded the evidence, it was because there was risk of bias in the study design or execution of the trial. The included studies also involved relatively few participants and wide CI values (imprecision), and, in some cases, we detected clinical and statistical heterogeneity (inconsistency). Lower quality evidence resulted in lower confidence in the estimate of effect for those outcomes. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Although the findings of the current review suggest that PIP is a promising model in terms of improving infant attachment security in high-risk families, there were no significant differences compared with no treatment or treatment-as-usual for other parent-based or relationship-based outcomes, and no evidence that PIP is more effective than other methods of working with parents and infants. Further rigorous research is needed to establish the impact of PIP on potentially important mediating factors such as parental mental health, reflective functioning, and parent-infant interaction. Plain language summary PARENT-INFANT PSYCHOTHERAPY FOR IMPROVING PARENT AND INFANT WELL-BEING Background Parent-infant psychotherapy (PIP) is intended to address problems in the parent-infant relationship, and problems such as excessive crying and sleeping/eating difficulties. A parent-infant psychotherapist works directly with the parent and infant in the home or clinic, to identify unconscious patterns of relating and behaving, and influences from the past that are impeding the parent-infant relationship. Parents may be referred to this service (e.g. by a general practitioner in the UK) or may self refer to privately run services. The intervention is delivered to individual dyads but can also be delivered to small groups of parents and infants. Review question This review examined whether PIP is effective in improving the parent-infant relationship, or other aspects of parent or infant functioning, and to identify the programme components that appear to be associated with more effective outcomes and factors that modify intervention effectiveness (e.g. programme duration, programme focus). Study characteristics We searched electronic databases and identified randomised controlled trials (RCTs, where participants are randomly allocated to one of two or more treatment groups) and one cluster randomised trial (where prisons rather than participants were used as the unit of randomisation), in which participants had been allocated to a receive PIP versus a control group, and which reported results using at least one standard measure of outcome (i.e. an instrument which has been tested to ensure that it reliably measures the outcome under investigation). Evidence is current to 13 January 2014. We identified eight studies with 846 randomised participants comparing either PIP with a no-treatment control group (four studies) or comparing PIP with other types of treatment (four studies). Key results The studies comparing PIP with a no-treatment control group contributed data to 19 meta-analyses of the primary outcomes of parental mental health (depression), parent-infant interaction outcomes of maternal sensitivity (i.e. the extent to which the caregiver responds in a timely and attuned manner), child involvement and parent positive engagement, and infant outcomes of infant attachment category (the infant's ability to seek and maintain closeness to primary caregiver - infant attachment is classified as follows: ‘secure’ infant attachment is a positive outcome, which indicates that the infant is able to be comforted when distressed and is able to use the parent as a secure base from which to explore the environment. Infants who are insecurely attached are either ‘avoidant’ (i.e. appear not to need comforting when they are distressed and attempt to manage the distress themselves); or ‘resistant’ (i.e. unable to be comforted when distressed and alternate between resistance and anger). Children who are defined as ‘disorganised’ are unable to produce a coherent strategy in the face of distress and produce behaviour that is a mixture of approach and avoidance to the caregiver); and the secondary outcomes of infant behaviour and infant cognitive development (i.e. intellectual development, including thinking, problem solving and communicating). In our analyses, parents who received PIP were more likely to have an infant who was securely emotionally attached to the parent after the intervention; this a favourable outcome but there is very low quality evidence to support it. The studies comparing PIP with another model of treatment contributed data to 15 meta-analysis assessments of primary outcomes, including parental mental health, parent-infant interaction (maternal sensitivity); infant attachment and infant behaviour, or secondary infant outcomes such as infant cognitive development. None of these comparisons showed differences that favoured either PIP or the alternative intervention. None of the comparisons of PIP with either a control or comparison treatment group showed adverse changes for any outcome. We conclude that although PIP appears to be a promising method of improving infant attachment security, there is no evidence about its benefits in terms of other outcomes, and no evidence to show that it is more effective than other types of treatment for parents and infants. Further research is needed. Quality of the evidence The included studies were unclear about important quality criteria, had limitations in terms of their design or methods, or we judged that there was risk of bias in the trial. This lower quality evidence gives us less confidence in the observed effects. DA - 2015/// PY - 2015 DO - https://doi.org/10.4073/csr.2015.6 DP - Wiley Online Library VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 223 LA - en SN - 1891-1803 ST - Parent-infant Psychotherapy for Improving Parental and Infant Mental Health UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.4073/csr.2015.6 Y2 - 2021/03/09/20:57:40 L1 - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.4073/csr.2015.6 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cognitive behavioural therapy for men who physically abuse their female partner AU - Smedslund, Geir AU - Dalsbø, Therese K. AU - Steiro, Asbjørn K. AU - Winsvold, Aina AU - Clench‐Aas, Jocelyne T2 - Campbell Systematic Reviews AB - Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is frequently used as treatment for men who physically abuse their female partner. Findings from a Campbell systematic review, however, reveal that there is not enough evidence to draw conclusions on its effect. This review included six randomized controlled trials from the USA involving a total of 2,343 participants. Abstract Background In national surveys, between 10% and 34% of women have reported being physically assaulted by an intimate male partner. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or programmes including elements of CBT are frequently used treatments for physically abusive men. Participants either enrol voluntarily or are obliged to participate by means of a court order. CBT not only seeks to change behaviour using established behavioural strategies, but also targets thinking patterns and beliefs. Objectives To measure effectiveness of CBT and programmes including elements of CBT on men's physical abuse of their female partners. Search strategy We searched CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library Issue 4, 2009), C2-SPECTR (2006), MEDLINE (1950 to 1 January 2010), EMBASE (1980 to 2009 week 53), CINAHL (1982 to December 2009), PsycINFO (1806 to week 4, December 2009), ERIC (1966 to December 2009), Social Care Online, previously CareData (13 January 2010), Sociological Abstracts (1963 to December 2009), Criminal Justice Abstracts (2003), Bibliography of Nordic Criminology (13 January 2010), and SIGLE (2003). We also contacted field experts and the authors of included studies. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials that evaluated the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy for men who have physically abused their female partner and included a measure of the impact on violence. Data collection and analysis Two reviewers independently assessed references for possible inclusion, extracted data using an online data extraction form and assessed the risk of bias in each included study. Where necessary, we contacted study authors for additional information. Main results Six trials, all from the USA, involving 2343 participants, were included. A meta-analysis of four trials comparing CBT with a no-intervention control (1771 participants) reported that the relative risk of violence was 0.86 (favouring the intervention group) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.54 to 1.38. This is a small effect size, and the width of the CI suggests no clear evidence for an effect. One study (Wisconsin Study) compared CBT with process-psychodynamic group treatment and reported a relative risk of new violence of 1.07 (95% CI 0.68 to 1.68). Even though the process-psychodynamic treatment did marginally better than CBT, this result is equivocal. Finally, one small study (N = 64) compared a combined CBT treatment for substance abuse and domestic violence (SADV) with a Twelve-Step Facilitation (TSF) group. An analysis involving 58 participants investigated the effect on reduction in frequency of physical violence episodes. The effect size was 0.30 (favouring TSF) with 95% CI from -0.22 to 0.81. Authors' conclusions There are still too few randomised controlled trials to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy for male perpetrators of domestic violence. Plain language summary Cognitive behavioural therapy for men who physically abuse their female partner Violence by men against an intimate female partner is a serious and common problem, with between 10% and 34% of women reporting in national surveys that they have been assaulted by a male partner. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is used to reduce male violence by bringing about changes in how men think about violence and how they manage their behaviour. Some men volunteer to attend CBT treatment, while others are court mandated to participate. We included trials that involved both types of participants. The review found all randomised controlled evaluations of the effects of CBT on men's physical violence to their female partners worldwide, but there were only six small trials with a total of 2343 participants that met the inclusion criteria. The results of four of these trials, which compared men who received CBT with men getting no treatment, were combined. This was not able to show us whether or not CBT was better than no treatment. Similarly, the individual results of the other two trials, which compared CBT with another treatment, were inconclusive. Overall, the evidence from the included studies is insufficient to draw any conclusions. DA - 2011/// PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.4073/csr.2011.1 DP - Wiley Online Library VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 25 LA - en SN - 1891-1803 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.4073/csr.2011.1 Y2 - 2021/03/09/20:57:55 L1 - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.4073/csr.2011.1 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of Second Responder Programs on Repeat Incidents of Family Abuse AU - Davis, Robert C. AU - Weisburd, David AU - Taylor, Bruce T2 - Campbell Systematic Reviews AB - This paper reports the results of a systematic review of the effects of second responder programs on repeat incidents of family violence. An exhaustive search yielded ten studies (including three that were unpublished) that met our criteria that included: (a) following a report of a family violence incident to the police, a second response that included a home visit, (b) a comparison group, and (c) at least one measure of repeat family violence. Fixed and random effects metaanalysis indicated that the second response intervention did not affect the likelihood of new abuse as reported on victim surveys, but did slightly increase the odds of a new report made to the police. We interpret these results to mean that the intervention does not affect the continuation or cessation of family violence, but does somewhat increase victims' willingness to report incidents to the authorities when they occur. Abstract Background: Second responder programs are based on the premises that family violence often recurs and that victims are likely to be especially receptive to crime prevention opportunities immediately following victimization. A team usually consisting of a police officer and a victim advocate follow-up on the initial police response to a family violence complaint, provides the victim with information on services and legal options and may warn those perpetrators present at the follow-up of the legal consequences of continued abuse. The purpose of the intervention is to reduce the likelihood of a new offense by helping victims to understand the cyclical nature of family violence, develop a safety plan, obtain a restraining order, increase their knowledge about legal rights and options, and provide shelter placement or other relocation assistance. A secondary aim of the intervention with victims may be to establish greater independence for victims through counseling, job training, public assistance, or other social service referrals. The intervention has spread widely, with support from the U.S. Department of Justice. Objectives: To assess the effect of second responder programs on repeat incidents of family violence. Selection criteria: Three criteria were used to define studies eligible for the review: (a) studies had to be evaluations of a second responder program; that is a program operated by or in cooperation with a municipal law enforcement agency in which, in response to a family violence complaint, the police summon family violence specialists to visit victims at their homes; (b) studies had to include an acceptable comparison group which did not receive a second response; (c) studies had to include at least one measure of new offenses committed by the perpetrator against the same victim. Search strategy: Search strategies included: (a) keyword searches on a variety of online databases, (b) reviews of bibliographies of second responder studies that were located, (c) hand searches of leading journals in the field, (d) a search of the Department of Justice Office of Violence Against Women website, (e) e-mails to authors of papers that described second responder programs, but whose methods did not meet our criteria for inclusion, and (f) e-mails sent to knowledgeable scholars. Data collection and analysis: Narrative reviews were drafted for the ten studies that met the criteria for inclusion. Both fixed and random effects models were used in meta-analyses that examined effect sizes for all included studies and for only experimental studies. Main results: The second response intervention increased slightly the odds that a household would report another family violence incident to the police. No effect of the intervention was found on reports of new abuse based on victim surveys. Conclusions: The results suggest that the second response intervention does not affect the likelihood of new incidents of family violence. However, the intervention slightly increases victims’ willingness to report incidents to the police, possibly as a result of greater confidence in the police. DA - 2008/// PY - 2008 DO - https://doi.org/10.4073/csr.2008.15 DP - Wiley Online Library VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 38 LA - en SN - 1891-1803 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.4073/csr.2008.15 Y2 - 2021/03/09/20:58:05 L1 - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.4073/csr.2008.15 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Court-Mandated Interventions for Individuals Convicted of Domestic Violence AU - Feder, Lynette AU - Wilson, David B. AU - Austin, Sabrina T2 - Campbell Systematic Reviews AB - This Campbell systematic review examined the effect of ordering violent partners to undergo treatment. The researchers summarized the best studies in this area and analyzed whether court-mandated treatments prevent repeated assaults. The conclusion is that the current evidence raises doubts about effectiveness of court-mandated treatment in reducing the probability of repeated domestic violence. Existing research can therefore not guarantee that court-mandated treatments actually do more good than harm. The review emphasizes that even though there is an acute need for methods to stop and prevent repeated violence, forcing the violent offender to undergo treatment might not result in positive effects. All studies conducted between 1986 and 2003 that examine the effect of court mandated treatments were searched for in the review. The researchers' conclusions are based on ten studies that were assessed to be of sufficient high quality. The studies are all carried out in the USA and include a total of 3,614 participants. Abstract Background: Survey research and analysis of police records, hospital emergency rooms and women's shelters have clearly established the severity of the domestic violence problem and the need to find programs to address this issue. Today, court-mandated batterer intervention programs (BIPs) are being implemented throughout the United States as one of the leading methods to address this problem. These programs emerged from the women's shelter movement and therefore contained a strong feminist orientation. They developed as group-based programs, typically using psychoeductional methods. Their aim was to get men to take responsibility for their sexist beliefs and stop abusing their partners by teaching them alternative responses for handling their anger. Objectives: The aim of this systematic review is to assess the effects of post-arrest court-mandated interventions (including pre-trial diversion programs) for domestic violence offenders that target, in part or exclusively, batterers with the aim of reducing their future likelihood of re-assaulting above and beyond what would have been expected by routine legal procedures. Search Strategies: We searched numerous computerized databases and websites, bibliographies of published reviews of related literature and scrutiny of annotated bibliographies of related literature. Our goal was to identify all published and unpublished literature that met our selection criteria. Selection Criteria: We included experimental or rigorous quasi-experimental evaluations of court-mandated batterer intervention programs that measured official or victim reports of future domestic violent behavior. Rigorous quasi-experimental designs were defined as those that either used matching or statistical controls to improve the comparability of the groups. Given their importance in the literature, we also included rigorous quasi-experimental designs that used a treatment drop-out comparison. Data Collection and Analysis: We coded characteristics of the treatment, sample, outcomes, and research methods. Findings were extracted in the form of an effect size and effect sizes were analyzed using the inverse-variance method. Official report and victim report outcomes were analyzed separately as were the different design types (i.e., random, quasi-experimental with a no treatment comparison, and quasi-experimental with a treatment dropout comparison). Main Results: The mean effect for official reports of domestic violence from experimental studies showed modest benefit whereas the mean effect for victim reported outcomes was zero. Quasi-experimental studies using a no-treatment comparison had inconsistent findings indicating an overall small harmful effect. In contrast, quasi-experimental studies using a treatment dropout design showed a large, positive mean effect on domestic violence outcomes. The latter studies suffer, we believe, from selection bias. Reviewer's Conclusions: The findings, we believe, raise doubts about the effectiveness of court-mandated batterer intervention programs in reducing re-assault among men convicted of misdemeanor domestic violence. DA - 2008/// PY - 2008 DO - https://doi.org/10.4073/csr.2008.12 DP - Wiley Online Library VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 46 LA - en SN - 1891-1803 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.4073/csr.2008.12 Y2 - 2021/03/09/20:58:15 L1 - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.4073/csr.2008.12 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Consequences of Violence During Pregnancy for Both Fetus and Newborn: Systematic Review / Implicações para o Feto e Recém-Nascido da Violência Durante a Gestação: Revisão Sistemática AU - Leite, Franciele Marabotti Costa AU - Gabira, Fernanda Garcia AU - Freitas, Priscila Alves AU - Lima, Eliane de Fátima Almeida AU - Bravim, Larrisa Regina AU - Primo, Candida Caniçali T2 - Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental Online AB - Objetivo: Identificar estudos sobre os efeitos para o feto e recém-nascido da violência contra a mulher durante a gestação. Métodos: Revisão realizada nas bases MEDLINE e LILACS. Foram incluídos estudos epidemiológicos analíticos, publicados em inglês, espanhol e português. Resultados: Foram incluídos 27 estudos. Os dados apontam na direção de que a violência na gravidez é risco para a ocorrência de restrição no crescimento intrauterino, nascer pequeno para idade gestacional e maiores níveis plasmáticos de Glutamato, GABA e cortisol. Foi consenso entre os estudos o risco de óbito fetal e neonatal entre as mulheres que vivenciaram o fenômeno da violência no período gestacional. Conclusão: A violência durante a gestação constitui um agravo relevante na saúde pública. Os achados destacam a importância da realização e inicio precoce do pré-natal, pois constitui um espaço importante no rastreamento das violências. DA - 2019/01/21/ PY - 2019 DO - 10.9789/2175-5361.2019.v11i2.533-539 DP - seer.unirio.br VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 533 EP - 539 LA - pt SN - 2175-5361 ST - The Consequences of Violence During Pregnancy for Both Fetus and Newborn UR - http://seer.unirio.br/index.php/cuidadofundamental/article/view/6431 AN - sexo Y2 - 2021/03/09/21:00:54 L1 - http://seer.unirio.br/index.php/cuidadofundamental/article/download/6431/pdf L2 - http://seer.unirio.br/index.php/cuidadofundamental/article/view/6431 KW - feto. KW - gravidez KW - recém-nascido KW - Violência contra a mulher KW - violência doméstica ER - TY - JOUR TI - Prevalence of domestic violence on pregnant women and maternal and neonatal outcomes in Bandar Abbas, Iran AU - Nejatizade, Abdol Azim AU - Roozbeh, Nasibeh AU - Yabandeh, Asiyeh Pormehr AU - Dabiri, Fatemeh AU - Kamjoo, Azita AU - Shahi, Arefeh T2 - Electronic Physician AB - BACKGROUND: Pregnancy by itself, imposes great physical and psychological pressures on a person and consequently, coupled with other stressors such as violence, can have adverse effects on the fetus and mother. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of domestic violence in pregnant women and maternal and infants' outcomes. METHODS: This is a descriptive study using a questionnaire. Data were collected from 725 women who delivered their babies at Shariati Hospital in Bandar Abbas in the summer and autumn of 2013. The questionnaire consisted of four parts: demographic characteristics, factors affecting violence, areas of violence (physical, emotional, sexual) and maternal and fetal outcomes. Data analysis was performed by SPSS 18 using descriptive statistics, t-test, Chi-square, and logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of physical, sexual and psychological violence were 6.5, 14.8 and 9.9 %, respectively. The variables of age, duration of marriage, previous marriage experience and the husband's addiction, had a significant relationship with applying physical violence of the husband. There was significant correlation between physical violence and maternal outcomes (p<0.000). There was a statistically significant association between physical violence and low birth weight and growth delay in the uterus (p=0.033). CONCLUSION: Due to the relatively high violence in pregnancy, and its impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes, it is suggested that violence screening programs in the health system and educating health professionals and women at risk and also the implementation of programs to protect these women, can be effective in reducing the cycle of violence and its negative consequences. DA - 2017/08// PY - 2017 DO - 10.19082/5166 DP - PubMed VL - 9 IS - 8 SP - 5166 EP - 5171 J2 - Electron Physician LA - eng SN - 2008-5842 L1 - https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc5614307?pdf=render L2 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28979757 KW - Women KW - Domestic violence KW - Maternal outcome KW - Neonatal outcome ER - TY - JOUR TI - Maternal experiences of intimate partner violence and C-reactive protein levels in young children in Tanzania AU - Slopen, Natalie AU - Zhang, Jing AU - Urlacher, Samuel S. AU - De Silva, Gretchen AU - Mittal, Mona T2 - SSM - population health AB - Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a critical public health issue that impacts women and children across the globe. Prior studies have documented that maternal experiences of IPV are associated with adverse psychological and physical health outcomes in children; however, research on the underlying physiological pathways linking IPV to these conditions is limited. Drawing on data from the 2010 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey, we examined the relationship between maternal report of IPV in the past 12 months and inflammation among children ages 6 months to 5 years. Our study included 503 children who were randomly selected to provide a blood sample and had a mother who had ever been married and who had completed the Domestic Violence Module, which collected information on physical, sexual, and emotional violence. Analyses were stratified based on a threshold for acute immune activation status, defined by the threshold of CRP > 1.1 mg/L for young children in Tanzania. In bivariate analyses, healthy children whose mothers reported IPV showed a marginally elevated median CRP level compared to children whose mothers did not report IPV (0.35 vs. 0.41 mg/L; p = 0.13). Similarly, among children with active or recent infections, those whose mothers reported IPV had an elevated median CRP compared to children whose mothers did not (4.06 vs 3.09 mg/L; p = 0.03). In adjusted multiple variable regression models to account for child, mother, and household characteristics, maternal IPV was positively associated with (log) CRP in both healthy children and children with active or recent infection. Although longitudinal research with additional biomarkers of inflammation is needed, our results provide support for the hypothesis that inflammation may function as a biological pathway linking maternal IPV to poor psychological and physical health outcomes among children of mothers who are victimized-and this may extend to very young children and children in non-Western contexts. DA - 2018/12// PY - 2018 DO - 10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.09.002 DP - PubMed VL - 6 SP - 107 EP - 115 J2 - SSM Popul Health LA - eng SN - 2352-8273 L1 - https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc6153386?pdf=render L2 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30258969 KW - Intimate partner violence KW - C-reactive protein KW - Children KW - Inflammation KW - Tanzania Demographic and Healthy Survey ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Relationship between Maternal Childhood Emotional Abuse/Neglect and Parenting Outcomes: A Systematic Review AU - Hughes, Mary AU - Cossar, Jill T2 - Child Abuse Review AB - This paper reviews the evidence concerning the association between reported maternal childhood experience of emotional abuse and/or neglect and subsequent parenting outcomes. Relevant studies were identified through a systematic search of four electronic databases using a pre-determined keyword search. Reference lists of included papers were reviewed and key authors in the field contacted to ascertain whether other papers were available. Twelve studies which met our eligibility criteria were included for review. Tentative support was found for a relationship between maternal childhood emotionally abusive/neglectful experiences and a range of adverse parenting outcomes, including increased parenting stress and maltreatment potential, lower empathy and greater psychological control. However, limitations within the research (e.g. small sample sizes, retrospective designs) reduce the confidence with which we can draw firm conclusions. Recommendations are offered for future research together with an outline of clinical implications arising from this review. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ‘Twelve studies which met our eligibility criteria were included for review’ Key Practitioner Messages There is tentative evidence that maternal childhood experience of emotional abuse/neglect may be associated with subsequent deficits in parenting. Maternal childhood experiences of being parented should be considered when attempting to make sense of children's difficulties and/or problems in the parent-child relationship. Further research is required to explore these relationships and to build on our knowledge about contextual risk and protective factors. ‘Maternal childhood experiences of being parented should be considered’ DA - 2016/// PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/car.2393 DP - Wiley Online Library VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 31 EP - 45 LA - en SN - 1099-0852 ST - The Relationship between Maternal Childhood Emotional Abuse/Neglect and Parenting Outcomes UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/car.2393 Y2 - 2021/03/09/21:01:22 L1 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/car.2393 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/car.2393 KW - Child Abuse KW - Parenting KW - systematic review KW - emotional abuse KW - emotional neglect KW - parenting KW - Child Neglect KW - Early Experience KW - Emotional Abuse KW - Mother Child Relations ER - TY - JOUR TI - PP.53 Domestic Violence and Termination of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of the Literature AU - Hall, M. AU - Chappell, L. C. AU - Parnell, B. L. AU - Bewley, S. T2 - Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition AB - Introduction Domestic violence (DV) during pregnancy is common and correlated with maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, but less is known about the association with termination of pregnancy (TOP). The aim of this research was to synthesise current evidence on the association between DV and TOP. Methods A systematic review was undertaken, with a structured search of four databases and reference list screening. Screening of titles and abstracts (241 papers excluding duplicates) was carried by two authors and selected papers were read in full (71). Inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed publication with defined methodology studying TOP and an aspect of DV. Formal data extraction and CASP scoring of 50 quantitative and 4 qualitative studies was undertaken by two authors. PRISMA guidelines were followed. Results 91% of studies from 19 countries found a correlation between TOP and DV, relating to physical, emotional and sexual violence. Reported prevalence of DV varied from 7–29% (recent) and 21–39.5% (lifetime). Rates were higher amongst women who did not tell their partners about the TOP. There was a consistent correlation with DV and multiple terminations. The reasons that women in violent relationships chose to terminate was examined: two studies found women who were pressurised or forced by their partner into TOP. Descriptions of contraceptive sabotage and rape-related pregnancy were also identified. Five studies using male subjects found similar results. Conclusion DV is common among women seeking TOP. Their healthcare and safety needs differ from the general population and should be considered by care providers. DA - 2013/04/01/ PY - 2013 DO - 10.1136/archdischild-2013-303966.331 DP - fn-bmj-com.libproxy.temple.edu VL - 98 IS - Suppl 1 SP - A96 EP - A96 LA - en SN - 1359-2998, 1468-2052 ST - PP.53 Domestic Violence and Termination of Pregnancy UR - https://fn.bmj.com/content/98/Suppl_1/A96.2 Y2 - 2021/03/09/21:01:32 L1 - https://fn.bmj.com/content/fetalneonatal/98/Suppl_1/A96.2.full.pdf L2 - https://fn-bmj-com.libproxy.temple.edu/content/98/Suppl_1/A96.2 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Maternal substance use and integrated treatment programs for women with substance abuse issues and their children: a meta-analysis AU - Milligan, Karen AU - Niccols, Alison AU - Sword, Wendy AU - Thabane, Lehana AU - Henderson, Joanna AU - Smith, Ainsley AU - Liu, Jennifer T2 - Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy AB - The rate of women with substance abuse issues is increasing. Women present with a unique constellation of risk factors and presenting needs, which may include specific needs in their role as mothers. Numerous integrated programs (those with substance use treatment and pregnancy, parenting, or child services) have been developed to specifically meet the needs of pregnant and parenting women with substance abuse issues. This synthesis and meta-analysis reviews research in this important and growing area of treatment. DA - 2010/09/01/ PY - 2010 DO - 10.1186/1747-597X-5-21 DP - BioMed Central VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 21 J2 - Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy SN - 1747-597X ST - Maternal substance use and integrated treatment programs for women with substance abuse issues and their children UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/1747-597X-5-21 Y2 - 2021/03/09/21:02:04 L1 - https://substanceabusepolicy.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1747-597X-5-21 L2 - https://substanceabusepolicy.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1747-597X-5-21 KW - Addiction Severity Index KW - Average Effect Size KW - Integrate Program KW - Substance Abuse Treatment KW - Urine Toxicology ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cost-effectiveness of treatment for drug-abusing pregnant women AU - Svikis, D. S. AU - Golden, A. S. AU - Huggins, G. R. AU - Pickens, R. W. AU - McCaul, M. E. AU - Velez, M. L. AU - Rosendale, C. T. AU - Brooner, R. K. AU - Gazaway, P. M. AU - Stitzer, M. L. AU - Ball, C. E. T2 - Drug and Alcohol Dependence AB - Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and drug treatment costs were compared in two groups of pregnant drug abusing women: 100 admissions to a multidisciplinary treatment program and active in care at the time of delivery and 46 controls not entering drug treatment. Clinical measures included urine toxicology at delivery, infant birthweight. Apgar scores and need for and duration of NICU services. Cost measures included drug treatment and NICU costs. Treatment patients showed better clinical outcome at delivery, with less drug use and higher infant estimated gestational age, birthweight and Apgar scores. Infants of treatment patients were also less likely to require NICU services and, for those that did, had a shorter stay. When total cost was examined (including drug treatment), mean net savings for treatment subjects was $4644 per mother/infant pair. The study demonstrates the cost-effectiveness of treatment for pregnant drug abusing women, with savings in NICU costs exceeding costs of drug treatment. DA - 1997/04/14/ PY - 1997 DO - 10.1016/s0376-8716(97)01352-5 DP - PubMed VL - 45 IS - 1-2 SP - 105 EP - 113 J2 - Drug Alcohol Depend LA - eng SN - 0376-8716 UR - https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/CRDWeb/ShowRecord.asp?AccessionNumber=21997006954&AccessionNumber=21997006954 L2 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9179512 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Substance-Related Disorders KW - Pregnancy KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Cost-Benefit Analysis KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Pregnancy Outcome KW - Pregnancy Complications KW - Apgar Score KW - Intensive Care Units, Neonatal KW - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ER - TY - JOUR TI - Child sexual abuse and pregnancy: A systematic review of the literature AU - Brunton, Robyn AU - Dryer, Rachel T2 - Child Abuse & Neglect AB - Background: Child sexual abuse is related to many negative outcomes but less known is the effect on pregnancy and childbirth. Objective: This review critically examined the literature on the occurrence of child sexual abuse and outcomes associated with this abuse during pregnancy and childbirth. Methods: Five databases were searched over 50 years using an iterative approach and the terms pregnancy, sexual abuse/assault, childbirth/labour, identifying 49 studies. Results: The prevalence of child sexual abuse in pregnant women ranged from 2.63% to 37.25 with certain characteristics more common with a higher (e.g., specific questions, low income) or lower (broad questions, higher education) prevalence. Compared to women with no history of abuse, child sexual abuse survivors may have more concerns with their care, greater health complaints, fear childbirth and have difficulties with delivery. They also had a higher likelihood of PTSD symptomology and anxiety, consumed more harmful substances (e.g., alcohol, cigarettes, and drugs) and had greater concerns with their appearance, poorer health, sleep and may also have a higher risk of re-victimisation. Conclusions: The balance of evidence suggests that compared to non-abused women, women with a child abuse history have more adverse experiences with pregnancy, childbirth, and care, with their abuse history, likely contributes to harmful behaviours and psychopathology. However, variability in operationalisation and measurement of abuse may contribute to these findings so tentative conclusions are drawn. Future research should examine the generalisability of the findings (relating to scale limitations) and recommendations for screening (e.g., sensitive items, scoring). Clinical implications of the findings point to the need for early identification of women with a child abuse history as such women require trauma-sensitive care and consideration. A useful tool is the Pregnancy-related Anxiety Scale which provides insights into specific areas of concern. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2021/01// PY - 2021 DO - 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104802 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 111 J2 - Child Abuse & Neglect SN - 0145-2134 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2020-88068-001&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2020-88068-001 DB - psyh KW - Assessment KW - Child Abuse KW - Anxiety KW - Sexual Abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - Childbirth KW - Abuse KW - Birth KW - Sexual ER - TY - JOUR TI - Risk factors for paternal perinatal depression and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis AU - Chhabra, Jasleen AU - McDermott, Brett AU - Li, Wendy T2 - Psychology of Men & Masculinities AB - This article aims to identify the risk factors associated with paternal perinatal depression and anxiety. Studies published between January 1950 and December 2017 that report paternal depression and anxiety in the perinatal period were obtained from 5 different databases. In total, 84 studies were included in the systematic review, and 31,310 participants from 45 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. Risk factors obtained were classified based on the frequency of distribution of factors. Maternal depression is an important risk factor for fathers in the postnatal period (odds ratio [OR] = 3.34, 95% confidence interval [CI; 2.51, 4.46]). Marital distress was also linked to a twofold increase in the likelihood of paternal depression in the postnatal period (OR = 2.16, 95% CI [1.47, 3.19]). Parenting stress as a risk factor was strongly and significantly associated with paternal anxiety in perinatal period (OR = 14.38, 95% CI [7.39, 27.97]). The findings suggest that maternal depression, marital distress, and parental stress are important risk factors for fathers’ mental health in the perinatal period. The current meta-analysis also identifies gender role stress, domestic violence, and mismatched expectancies from pregnancy and childbirth as the risk factors that are unique to fathers only in the perinatal period. Future intervention programs should screen and target fathers with no previous children, or a depressed partner, and aim to enhance relationship satisfaction. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2020/10// PY - 2020 DO - 10.1037/men0000259 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 21 IS - 4 SP - 593 EP - 611 J2 - Psychology of Men & Masculinities SN - 1524-9220 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2020-13879-001&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2020-13879-001 DB - psyh KW - Risk Factors KW - Major Depression KW - Stress KW - anxiety KW - Anxiety KW - depression KW - Pregnancy KW - pregnancy KW - Birth KW - childbirth KW - Distress KW - fathers KW - Fathers KW - Perinatal Period KW - Postnatal Period KW - Postpartum Depression ER - TY - JOUR TI - Sexual health of women with schizophrenia: A review AU - Barker, Lucy C. AU - Vigod, Simone N. T2 - Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology AB - Women with schizophrenia experience low rates of sexual satisfaction and high rates of sexual dysfunction. They are at high risk for adverse sexual health outcomes including unplanned pregnancies, induced abortions, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and face higher rates of sexual violence and various forms of intimate partner violence. This review explores the complex and intersecting biopsychosocial risk factors that explain these outcomes among women with schizophrenia, including factors related to the illness itself, antipsychotic medications, medical and psychiatric comorbidities, stigma, childhood trauma, and social determinants of health including poverty and housing instability. Sexual health interventions designed to help women with schizophrenia achieve pleasurable and safe sexual experiences, free of coercion, discrimination and violence are few and far between, suggesting opportunities for future development in this area. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2020/04// PY - 2020 DO - 10.1016/j.yfrne.2020.100840 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 57 J2 - Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology SN - 0091-3022 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2020-33733-001&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2020-33733-001 DB - psyh KW - Pregnancy KW - HIV KW - Schizophrenia KW - Female Sexual Dysfunction KW - female Sexual health KW - Induced Abortion KW - Reproductive health KW - Sexual Function Disturbances KW - Sexual Health KW - Sexual Satisfaction KW - Women’s health ER - TY - JOUR TI - Shared modes of narrative, on the limits of expressing one’s unique experience AU - Russo, Jane A. T2 - Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology AB - Comments on an article by Octavio Domont de Serpa Jr., et al. (see record [rid]2019-54259-013[/rid]). I comment on this text from the point of view of someone who has never worked directly in mental health assistance and whose knowledge about severe mental illness therapy has occurred mostly from a third-person perspective. My comments are based on parallels with situations and experiences that I have been studying lately In the case of the movement toward the humanization of pregnancy and childbirth, for example, traditional obstetrical knowledge (seen as a producer of obstetric violence) has been totally disavowed through systematic reviews and meta-analyses based on evidence-based medicine. In such a way that the hierarchy of medical evidence referred to by the authors—which has supported, in the psychiatric field, the biological and reductionist view of mental disorders (and their treatment)—in the case of childbirth and pregnancy promoted a pro-humanization stance in public policies. Furthermore, new narratives about childbirth are being constructed based on first-person narratives of women who give birth, which are increasingly published and publicized on social networks. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2019/06// PY - 2019 DO - 10.1353/ppp.2019.0023 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 26 IS - 2 SP - 169 EP - 171 J2 - Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology SN - 1071-6076 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2019-54259-015&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2019-54259-015 DB - psyh KW - Collaboration KW - Mental Health KW - Mental Disorders KW - Role Taking KW - Clinics KW - collaborative writing KW - Illness KW - mental health clinics KW - narrative KW - Narratives KW - perspective KW - Theoretical Interpretation ER - TY - JOUR TI - Decision making by health and social care professionals to protect an unborn baby: Systematic narrative review AU - Mc Elhinney, Helena AU - Taylor, Brian J. AU - Sinclair, Marlene T2 - Child Care in Practice AB - Protecting an unborn baby from abuse and neglect presents particular challenges for professionals due to the uncertainties about appraising future harm and functioning of family relationships. This systematic narrative review synthesises studies of professional decision making by health and social care professionals regarding child protection of an unborn baby. Five bibliographic databases (ASSIA, CINAHL Plus, Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Social Care Online) were searched using an explicit and robust search; papers identified as relevant were appraised for quality and combined using a narrative synthesis based on the main themes in the papers. Ten papers met the inclusion criteria, including qualitative studies, surveys and randomised trials of the effectiveness of decision support tools. The papers identified the following case risk factors relating to risks to an unborn baby: alcohol abuse; ante-natal care; previous children in care; domestic violence; drug abuse; lack of education; employment issues; unrealistic expectations of the baby; housing issues; learning disability; feelings about pregnancy; low socio-economic status; mental illness; mother’s childhood experiences; lack of parenting capacity; physical disability. There were several papers on developing risk assessment tools. A few papers focused on risk assessment and decision processes including engagement with pregnant women. There was some discussion of psychosocial supports for risks in pregnancy. There is useful published material on the range of risk factors, and more limited material on the development of assessment tools and on decision processes. The psychosocial supports that might be provided to the pregnant woman as decision options is an area for future research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2019/06/01/ PY - 2019 DO - 10.1080/13575279.2019.1612733 DP - EBSCOhost J2 - Child Care in Practice SN - 1357-5279 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2019-31648-001&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2019-31648-001 DB - psyh KW - social work KW - assessment KW - perinatal KW - pregnancy KW - Antenatal KW - No terms assigned KW - child abuse KW - child protection KW - child safeguarding KW - decision making KW - literature review KW - midwifery KW - professional judgement KW - risk assessment KW - unborn baby ER - TY - JOUR TI - Maternal violence experiences and risk of postpartum depression: A meta-analysis of cohort studies AU - Zhang, Senmao AU - Wang, Lesan AU - Yang, Tubao AU - Chen, Lizhang AU - Qiu, Xing AU - Wang, Tingting AU - Chen, Letao AU - Zhao, Lijuan AU - Ye, Ziwei AU - Zheng, Zan AU - Qin, Jiabi T2 - European Psychiatry AB - Background: Most of original studies indicated maternal violence experiences is associated with adverse obstetric outcomes, to date, but it is not clear that the association of maternal violence experiences and the risk of postpartum depression (PPD). We aimed to assess the association between maternal violence experiences and risk of developing PPD by performing a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Libraries and Chinese databases were searched through December 2017 to identify studies that assessed the association between violence and PPD. Meta-analysis was conducted by the RevMan software and Stata software. Potential heterogeneity source was explored by subgroup analysis and potential publication bias was assessed by Begg's funnel plots and Egger’s linear regression test. Results: Overall, women experiencing any violence events compared with the reference group were at a higher risk of developing PPD (odds ratio [OR] = 2.04; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.72–2.41). Additionally, different types of violence events such as sexual (OR = 1.56; 95%CI: 1.35–1.81), emotional (OR = 1.75; 95%CI: 1.61–1.89), and physical violence (OR = 1.90; 95%CI: 1.36–2.67), as well as domestic (OR = 2.05; 95%CI: 1.50–2.80) or childhood violence (OR = 1.59; 95%CI: 1.34–1.88) also increased the risk of developing PPD. Relevant heterogeneity moderators have been identified by subgroup analysis. Sensitivity analysis yielded consistent results. Conclusions: Maternal violence experiences are significantly associated with risk of developing PPD. These finding highlight the necessary to protect women from any types of violence and formulate preventive strategies to promote the maternal mental health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2019/01// PY - 2019 DO - 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.10.005 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 55 SP - 90 EP - 101 J2 - European Psychiatry SN - 0924-9338 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2018-66787-016&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2018-66787-016 DB - psyh KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Female KW - Violence KW - Pregnancy KW - Risk Assessment KW - *Cohort study KW - *Depression, Postpartum/prevention & control/psychology KW - *Exposure to Violence/classification/prevention & control/psychology/statistics & numerical data KW - *Maternal Health KW - *Meta-analysis KW - *Postpartum depression KW - *Violence KW - Psychopathology KW - postpartum depression KW - Postpartum Depression KW - Depression, Postpartum KW - Exposure to Violence KW - Maternal Health KW - maternal violence experiences KW - Mothers KW - risk ER - TY - JOUR TI - Suicidal ideation in the perinatal period: A systematic review AU - O'Connor, Avril AU - Geraghty, Sadie AU - Doleman, Gemma AU - De Leo, Annemarie T2 - Mental Health and Prevention AB - Objective: To examine literature surrounding suicidal ideation and suicidality in the perinatal period. Design: Systematic Literature Review of published 15 research studies. Findings: There is a scarcity of prospective studies conducted in suicidal ideation during the perinatal period. More research is needed to ensure childbearing women at risk of suicidal ideation during pregnancy receive the appropriate care and maternity services required to support them throughout this period. Key conclusions: Midwives play an important role in screening women for possible emotional distress and mood disorders during pregnancy. Therefore, midwives need to have knowledge of risk factors so vulnerable women are monitored and supportive maternity services can be implemented if indicated. Implications for practice: Suicidal ideation can have serious consequences for the women and the product if left untreated. Screening for suicidal ideation, antenatal and postnatal depression is imperative. Women with a pre-existing mental health disorders are a particularly vulnerable population group and should be monitored closely for suicidal ideation. Women who experience intimate partner violence or are from low socioeconomic backgrounds also present a risk of suicidal ideation, all of which require complex mental-health care. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2018/12// PY - 2018 DO - 10.1016/j.mhp.2018.10.002 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 12 SP - 67 EP - 75 J2 - Mental Health and Prevention SN - 2212-6570 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2018-60085-010&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2018-60085-010 DB - psyh KW - Major Depression KW - Pregnancy KW - Health Screening KW - Suicidal Ideation KW - suicide KW - pregnancy KW - Perinatal Period KW - depression screening KW - emotional screening KW - Midwifery KW - midwives KW - perinatal period KW - suicidal ideation KW - suicidality KW - Suicidality KW - support services ER - TY - JOUR TI - Screening for intimate partner violence, elder abuse, and abuse of vulnerable adults: Evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force AU - Feltner, Cynthia AU - Wallace, Ina AU - Berkman, Nancy AU - Kistler, Christine E. AU - Middleton, Jennifer Cook AU - Barclay, Collen AU - Higginbotham, Laura AU - Green, Joshua T. AU - Jonas, Daniel E. T2 - JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association AB - Importance: Intimate partner violence (IPV) and abuse of older or vulnerable adults are common in the United States but often remain undetected. In addition to the immediate effects of IPV, such as injury and death, there are other health consequences, many with long-term effects, including development of mental health conditions such as depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders, substance abuse, and suicidal behavior; sexually transmitted infections; unintended pregnancy; and chronic pain and other disabilities. Long-term negative health effects from elder abuse include death, higher risk of nursing home placement, and adverse psychological consequences. Objective: To update the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) 2013 recommendation on screening for IPV, elder abuse, and abuse of vulnerable adults. Evidence review: The USPSTF commissioned a review of the evidence on screening for IPV in adolescents, women, and men; for elder abuse; and for abuse of vulnerable adults. Findings: The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that screening for IPV in women of reproductive age and providing or referring women who screen positive to ongoing support services has a moderate net benefit. There is adequate evidence that available screening instruments can identify IPV in women. The evidence does not support the effectiveness of brief interventions or the provision of information about referral options in the absence of ongoing supportive intervention components. The evidence demonstrating benefit of ongoing support services is predominantly found in studies of pregnant or postpartum women. The benefits and harms of screening for elder abuse and abuse of vulnerable adults are uncertain, and the balance of benefits and harms cannot be determined. Conclusions and Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends that clinicians screen for IPV in women of reproductive age and provide or refer women who screen positive to ongoing support services. (B recommendation) The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for abuse and neglect in all older or vulnerable adults. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2018/10/23/ PY - 2018 DO - 10.1001/jama.2018.13212 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 320 IS - 16 SP - 1688 EP - 1701 J2 - JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association SN - 0098-7484 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2018-63183-005&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2018-63183-005 DB - psyh KW - Intimate Partner Violence KW - intimate partner violence KW - abuse screening KW - elder abuse KW - Elder Abuse KW - Evidence Based Practice KW - evidence report KW - Screening KW - US Preventive Services Task Force KW - vulnerable adults ER - TY - JOUR TI - Prevalence and risk factors for antenatal depression in Ethiopia: Systematic review AU - Getinet, Wondale AU - Amare, Tadele AU - Boru, Berhanu AU - Shumet, Shegaye AU - Worku, Wubet AU - Azale, Telake T2 - Depression Research and Treatment AB - Introduction: Antenatal depression is a syndrome, in which women experience depressed mood, excessive anxiety, insomnia, and change in weight during the period of pregnancy. Maternal depression negatively influences child outcomes and maternal health. Antenatal depression was measured by different rating scales, namely, BDI, EPDS, and PHQ. The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize logical evidence about the prevalence and potential risk factors of antenatal depression in Ethiopia. Methods: Our team explored multiple databases including PSYCHINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, and Google Search to detect studies published with data on the prevalence of antenatal depression. We found 246 research papers on antenatal depression, of which 210 did not correspond to the title and 27 were duplicates. Subsequently, nine articles were used for synthesis prevalence, of which four studies were selected in the analysis of the effect of unplanned pregnancy on antenatal depression. Figures were extracted from published reports and grey literature, and any lost information was requested from investigators. Estimates were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. Results: The pooled prevalence of antenatal depression for five studies selected, which had used BDI, was 25.33 (20.74, 29.92). The other four studies that had included other screening tools (3 EPDS and 1 PHQ) had the prevalence decreased to 23.56 (19.04, 28.07), and the pooled effect of unplanned pregnancy on antenatal depression was 1.93 (1.81, 2.06). Factors such as age, marital status, income, occupation, history of the previous mental disorder, antenatal follow-up, unplanned pregnancy, complication during to pregnancy, age of mother during pregnancy, conflict, and social support were associated with antenatal depression. Conclusions: Antenatal depression is a common maternal problem; further attention should be given to the effect of unplanned pregnancy, social support, pregnancy-related complications, family conflicts, and violence on pregnant women. All these are possible risk factors for antenatal depression. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2018/07/09/ PY - 2018 DO - 10.1155/2018/3649269 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 2018 J2 - Depression Research and Treatment SN - 2090-1321 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2018-38237-001&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2018-38237-001 DB - psyh KW - Risk Factors KW - Major Depression KW - risk factors KW - Ethiopia KW - antenatal depression ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effect of previous posttraumatic stress in the perinatal period AU - Geller, Pamela A. AU - Stasko, Emily C. T2 - Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing: Clinical Scholarship for the Care of Women, Childbearing Families, & Newborns AB - Objective: To review the extant literature on the effect of traumatic experiences that pre-date conception, pregnancy, and the postpartum period (perinatal period) and present a thematic overview of current issues in this relatively new area of inquiry. Data Sources: Electronic databases Cochrane, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and PubMed were searched. Manual searches of reference lists supplemented the electronic search. Study Selection: Peer-reviewed articles written in English on the role of posttraumatic stress disorder during the perinatal period were included. Data Extraction: Key findings relevant to perinatal posttraumatic stress that were reported in primary sources and meta-analyses were organized according to themes, including The Role of Childbirth, Comorbidity With Depression and Anxiety, Risk Factors for Perinatal PTSD, High-Risk Health Behaviors, and Association With Adverse Health Outcomes. Data Synthesis: Across studies, antenatal posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) rates were estimated between 2.3% and 24%, and observed prevalence rates during the postnatal period ranged from 1% to 20%; however, many researchers failed to assess PTSD that existed before or during pregnancy, and when preexisting PTSD is a controlled variable, postpartum rates drop to 2% to 4.7%. In addition to prenatal depression and anxiety and pre-pregnancy history of psychiatric disorders, history of sexual trauma, childhood sexual abuse, intimate partner violence, and psychosocial attributes are risk factors for development or exacerbation of perinatal PTSD. Conclusion: Women's health care providers should evaluate for PTSD in routine mental health assessments during and after pregnancy, especially with a reported history of trauma or the presence of a mood or anxiety disorder. Such screening will allow women to receive needed treatment and referrals and mitigate the potentially negative sequelae of PTSD. Future investigators must recognize the importance of subsyndromal posttraumatic stress symptoms and individual differences in responses to trauma. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2017/11// PY - 2017 DO - 10.1016/j.jogn.2017.04.136 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 46 IS - 6 SP - 912 EP - 922 J2 - Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing: Clinical Scholarship for the Care of Women, Childbearing Families, & Newborns SN - 0884-2175 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2017-51675-017&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2017-51675-017 DB - psyh KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Female KW - Depression KW - Intimate Partner Violence KW - anxiety KW - Sexual Abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic KW - trauma KW - Postpartum Period KW - pregnancy KW - Delivery, Obstetric KW - postpartum KW - Perinatal Period KW - Parturition KW - posttraumatic stress disorder KW - Posttraumatic Stress Disorder KW - Pregnant Women ER - TY - JOUR TI - Primary care screening and risk factors for postnatal depression in Zimbabwe: A scoping review of literature AU - January, James AU - Burns, Jonathan AU - Chimbari, Moses T2 - Journal of Psychology in Africa AB - Postnatal depression (PND) exerts a significant burden on the global public health system, globally affecting approximately 10 to 20% of women. Despite the recently reported high prevalence of PND in Zimbabwe, it is rarely diagnosed or appropriately managed in primary care settings. This review scopes evidence on PND from studies on screening for PND and the associated risk factors conducted in Zimbabwe over the past 20 years. We searched electronic databases for published articles and checked reference lists of studies relating to depression among women in Zimbabwe. We used the following key words: postnatal, depression, women, screening, risk-factors, and Zimbabwe. A total of 14 studies were retrieved as follows: postnatal depression (4), postnatal mental disorders (1), mental disorders among pregnant women (1), and depression and women in general (8). Reported prevalence of PND ranged from 16% to 34.2%. Studies on PND enrolled women from urban and peri-urban settings. Significant risk factors for PND identified among women in Zimbabwe included multi parity, having a spouse who was older than 35years, poorer relations with spouses or partners, having had experienced an adverse event, being unemployed, and having had experienced intimate partner violence. Psychosocial factors are implicated in PND occurrence among Zimbabwean women. There is need to explore the burden of PND among rural communities. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2017/06// PY - 2017 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 27 IS - 3 SP - 294 EP - 298 J2 - Journal of Psychology in Africa SN - 1433-0237 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2017-28901-016&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2017-28901-016 DB - psyh KW - Risk Factors KW - Human Females KW - Primary Health Care KW - review KW - Postpartum Depression KW - Screening KW - postnatal depression KW - Zimbabwe ER - TY - THES TI - Factors associated with multiple unintended pregnancies in fertile women AU - Aztlan-James, Evelyn Angel AB - Background: Fifty-one percent of pregnancies in the United States (U.S.) are unintended and 40% of these unintended pregnancies end in abortion. Seventeen percent of all U.S. women report more than one unintended pregnancy in their lifetime. While there is much literature on unintended pregnancy, less is known about factors associated with multiple unintended pregnancies. The extant literature presents mixed findings on the association between abortion and multiple unintended pregnancies. Objectives: Specific aims of this dissertation were 1) to systematically assess the rate of abortion-related complications in the literature; 2) to cull from the literature a systematic view of the epidemiology of multiple unintended pregnancies for U.S. women; and 3) to investigate the association between abortion, and other factors, on the risk of multiple unintended pregnancies. Methods: Empirical studies were chosen from research databases for the systematic literature reviews and meta-analysis. Secondary analysis of data from a prospective study of U.S. women, who requested abortion, was performed using survival analysis. Results: A pooled abortion complication rate of 1.79% (95% CI 1.21 to 2.65) was estimated. Increasing age, being Black or Hispanic, non-voluntary first intercourse at a young age, and sex trade were associated with multiple unintended pregnancies. Analysis demonstrated neither receiving nor being denied a requested abortion were associated with an increased risk of subsequent unintended pregnancy. Women aged 35--46 years were less likely than women aged 20--24 years to have a subsequent unintended pregnancy (AHR=0.31, 95% CI=0.15--0.62). Latina women were at increased risk compared to white women (AHR=1.46, 95% CI=1.01--2.10), as were those who had two or more children at baseline compared to those who had none (AHR=1.58, 95% CI=1.06--2.34). When compared to women who did not report intimate partner violence in the past year, women who did (AHR=1.38, 95% CI=1.01--1.88) or who had a diagnosis of depression or anxiety when compared to women who did not (AHR=1.43, 95% CI=1.11, 1.85) were at increased risk. Conclusions: First-trimester aspiration abortion is a safe procedure when performed legally. Abortion does not increase risk for multiple unintended pregnancies. Prevention strategies aimed at multiple unintended pregnancies should focus on factors other than abortion. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2017/// PY - 2017 DP - EBSCOhost PB - ProQuest Information & Learning UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2016-47712-262&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2016-47712-262 DB - psyh KW - anxiety KW - Anxiety KW - Pregnancy KW - Induced Abortion KW - abortion KW - fertile women KW - Fertility KW - unintended pregnancies ER - TY - JOUR TI - Suicidal ideation in pregnancy: An epidemiologic review AU - Gelaye, Bizu AU - Kajeepeta, Sandhya AU - Williams, Michelle A. T2 - Archives of Women's Mental Health AB - Suicidal behaviors are the leading causes of injury and death worldwide, and are leading causes of maternal deaths in some countries. One of the strongest risk factors, suicidal ideation, is considered a harbinger and distal predictor of later suicide attempt and completion, and also presents an opportunity for interventions prior to physical self-harm. The purpose of this systematic epidemiologic review is to synthesize available research on antepartum suicidal ideation. Original publications were identified through searches of the electronic databases using the search terms pregnancy, pregnant women, suicidal ideation, and pregnan and suicid as root searches. We also reviewed references of published articles. We identified a total of 2626 articles through the electronic database search. After irrelevant and redundant articles were excluded, 57 articles were selected. The selected articles were original articles that focused on pregnancy and suicidal ideation. Of the 57 included articles, 20 reported prevalence, 26 reported risk factors, 21 reported consequences of antepartum suicidal ideation, and 5 reported on screening measures. Available evidence indicates that pregnant women are more likely than the general population to endorse suicidal ideation. Additionally, a number of risk factors for antepartum suicidal ideation were identified including intimate partner violence, < 12-year education, and major depressive disorder. There is a need for enhanced screening for antepartum suicidal ideation. The few screening instruments that exist are limited as they were primarily developed to measure antepartum and postpartum depression. Given a substantial proportion of women with suicidal ideation that does not meet clinical thresholds of depression and given the stress–diathesis model that shows susceptibility to suicidal behavior independent of depressive disorders, innovative approaches to improve screening and detection of antepartum suicidal ideation are urgently needed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2016/10// PY - 2016 DO - 10.1007/s00737-016-0646-0 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 19 IS - 5 SP - 741 EP - 751 J2 - Archives of Women's Mental Health SN - 1434-1816 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2016-44673-002&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2016-44673-002 DB - psyh KW - Risk Factors KW - Health Care Psychology KW - Pregnancy KW - Suicidal Ideation KW - Suicide KW - Antepartum KW - Epidemiology KW - Suicidal ideation ER - TY - JOUR TI - Reproductive health in the United States: A review of the recent social work literature AU - Wright, Rachel L. AU - Bird, Melissa AU - Frost, Caren J. T2 - Social Work T3 - Women's issues in social work revisited AB - Reproductive health is an important area affecting a woman’s overall health and well-being. The examination of reproductive health and barriers to care is pertinent to the social work profession and should be a focus of social work practice, education, research, and advocacy. The authors conducted a literature search of articles published in the social work literature from 2010 to 2014. The findings reveal important published articles that increase our knowledge of the reproductive health of women in the United States. Most published articles focused on pregnancy and birth outcomes. Articles also addressed sexually transmitted infections; abortion; intimate partner violence; prostitution; access to care; cancer screening; views toward contraception; hysterectomies; breastfeeding; menopause; and the intersection of reproductive rights, religion, and social justice. This review also identified unexamined areas that require further social work attention and consideration. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2015/10// PY - 2015 DO - 10.1093/sw/swv028 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 60 IS - 4 SP - 295 EP - 304 J2 - Social Work SN - 0037-8046 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2015-46482-004&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2015-46482-004 DB - psyh KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Human Females KW - Health Services Accessibility KW - Well Being KW - Social Work KW - Social Casework KW - reproductive health KW - literature review KW - Reproductive Health KW - Social Justice ER - TY - JOUR TI - Depression and anxiety during pregnancy and the postpartum period in women with epilepsy: A review of frequency, risks and recommendations for treatment AU - Bjørk, Marte H. AU - Veiby, Gyri AU - Engelsen, Bernt A. AU - Gilhus, Nils Erik T2 - Seizure AB - Purpose: To review available data and provide treatment recommendations concerning peripartum depression, anxiety and fear of birth in women with epilepsy (WWE). Method: The PubMed, the LactMed, the DART and the Cochrane database were searched for original articles concerning psychiatric disease in the peripartum period in WWE. Results: Point prevalence of depression from 2nd trimester to 6 months postpartum ranged from 16 to 35% in women with epilepsy compared to 9–12% in controls. The highest estimates were found early in pregnancy and in the perinatal period. Anxiety symptoms 6 months postpartum were reported by 10 and 5%, respectively. Fear of birth symptoms were increased in primiparous WWE compared to controls. Previous psychiatric disease, sexual/physical abuse, antiepileptic drug (AED) polytherapy, and high seizure frequency emerged as strong risk factors. Depressed WWE rarely used antidepressive medication during pregnancy. No evidence was available concerning treatment effects or impact on the developing child. Conclusion: Peripartum depression is frequent in WWE and seldom medically treated. Health personnel should screen WWE for psychiatric disease and risk factors during pre-pregnancy planning, pregnancy and postpartum follow up. Treatment decisions should rely on efficacy and safety data in peripartum patients without epilepsy and non-pregnant people with epilepsy. Consequences of in utero exposure to AED therapy in combination with antidepressants are not known, and non-pharmacological treatment should be tried first. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2015/05// PY - 2015 DO - 10.1016/j.seizure.2015.02.016 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 28 SP - 33 EP - 39 J2 - Seizure SN - 1059-1311 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2015-21952-008&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2015-21952-008 DB - psyh KW - Anxiety Disorders KW - Epilepsy KW - Psychiatry KW - Drug Therapy KW - Postnatal KW - Perinatal Period KW - Postnatal Period KW - Postpartum Depression KW - Perinatal KW - Anticonvulsive Drugs KW - Antidepressant Drugs KW - Antidepressants KW - Antiepileptic drugs KW - Seizure KW - Seizures ER - TY - JOUR TI - Childhood sexual abuse and posttraumatic stress disorder among pregnant and postpartum women: Review of the literature AU - Wosu, Adaeze C. AU - Gelaye, Bizu AU - Williams, Michelle A. T2 - Archives of Women's Mental Health AB - The aims of this review are (i) to summarize and evaluate current knowledge on the association between childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in pregnant and postpartum women, (ii) to provide suggestions for future research on this topic, and (iii) to highlight some clinical implications. Relevant publications were identified through literature searches of four databases (PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, and PsycARTICLES) using keywords such as 'child abuse,' 'posttraumatic stress,' 'pregnancy,' and 'postpartum'. Five studies were included in this review. Findings across all studies were consistent with higher prevalence of PTSD diagnosis or symptomatology among women with history of CSA. However, only findings from two studies were statistically significant. One study observed higher overall PTSD scores in women with CSA history compared to women with non-CSA trauma history or no trauma history during pregnancy (mean ± SD 1.47 (0.51) vs. 1.33 (0.41) vs. 1.22 (0.29), p < 0.001), at 2 months postpartum (mean ± SD 1.43 (0.49) vs. 1.26 (0.38) vs. 1.19 (0.35), p < 0.001), and at 6 months postpartum (mean ± SD 1.36 (1.43) vs. 1.20 (0.33) vs. 1.14 (0.27), p < 0.001). Another study observed that the prevalence of PTSD during pregnancy was 4.1 % in women with no history of physical or sexual abuse, 11.4 % in women with adult physical or sexual abuse history, 16.0 % in women with childhood physical or sexual abuse history, and 39.0 % in women exposed to both childhood and adult physical or sexual abuse (p < 0.001); in a subsequent analysis, the investigators reported that pregnant women with PTSD had over 5-fold odds of having a history of childhood completed rape compared to counterparts without PTSD (OR = 5.3, 95 % CI 3.2, 8.7). Overall, available evidence suggests positive associations of CSA with clinical PTSD or PTSD symptomatology among pregnant and postpartum women. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2015/02// PY - 2015 DO - 10.1007/s00737-014-0482-z DP - EBSCOhost VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 61 EP - 72 J2 - Archives of Women's Mental Health SN - 1434-1816 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2014-51277-001&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2014-51277-001 DB - psyh KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Child Abuse, Sexual KW - Female KW - Human Females KW - Sexual Abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - PTSD KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic KW - Childhood trauma KW - Postpartum KW - Postpartum Period KW - Antepartum Period KW - Adult Survivors of Child Abuse KW - Posttraumatic Stress Disorder KW - Pregnant Women KW - Antepartum KW - Early Experience ER - TY - THES TI - Attachments and the earliest moments of life: A literature review of the pre and immediate postnatal factors that influence relationships AU - Eddins, Amy AB - Attachment begins before birth. This body of work is a review of the current literature related to factors that impact the prenatal attachment between parents and their unborn child. These factors include influences from the parents/mother, including memories of upbringing, past grief, their attitude about the pregnancy, stress, depression, support from others, and experience of trauma, domestic violence, or drug use/abuse. Also, external factors and procedures can affect how bonded mother and fetus are such as the method of conception, genetic screening used to assess the health of the unborn child, sex identification, and timing of birth. Together, the studies in this review provide information about factors necessary to increasing a healthy attachment between parents and their unborn children, which will impact all later relationships the child experiences. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2015/// PY - 2015 DP - EBSCOhost PB - ProQuest Information & Learning UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2015-99161-059&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2015-99161-059 DB - psyh KW - Stress KW - Pregnancy KW - Prenatal Care KW - Birth KW - Attachment Behavior KW - child experiences KW - earliest moments KW - Fetus KW - Genetic Testing KW - immediate postnatal factors KW - prenatal attachment ER - TY - JOUR TI - Review of : The spirit level Why more equal societies almost always do better AU - Liebig, Stefan T2 - Social Justice Research AB - Reviews the book, The Spirit Level. Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better by Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett (see record [rid]2009-11878-000[/rid]). The book makes a very simple and alluring statement that by reducing income differences in a society, it is possible to eliminate all social problems and ills. The authors present a correlation between the degree of income inequality and a total of nine social problems which are identified as community life and social relations, mental health and drug use, physical health and life expectancy, obesity, educational performance, teenage pregnancies, violence, crime and punishment, and unequal opportunities for intergenerational social mobility. The book suggests a lack of ambiguity in the findings. A number of other methodological difficulties could be cited in the book, for instance, using only needs-adjusted net household income is problematic as the resulting inequality measure is not only a result of the income distribution but also of the distribution of household sizes which differs between societies. The basic claim of the book is that egalitarian societies are just societies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2012/03// PY - 2012 DO - 10.1007/s11211-012-0148-9 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 102 EP - 107 J2 - Social Justice Research SN - 0885-7466 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2012-07967-007&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2012-07967-007 DB - psyh KW - Society KW - Income Level KW - income inequality KW - Social Issues KW - social problems KW - society ER - TY - JOUR TI - Review of Pregnancy, childbirth and the newborn: The complete guide AU - Kahn, Robbie Pfeufer T2 - Birth: Issues in Perinatal Care AB - Reviews the book, Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Newborn: The Complete Guide (4th edition) by Penny Simkin, Janet Whalley, Ann Keppler, Janelle Durham, and April Bolding (2010). The book describes the year, 1976, an exciting time in the young childbirth movement as women recorded in words and images alternatives to medicalized childbirth and critically analyzed hospital birth practices. In an early section of the book, the authors reveal a fundamental truth not previously recorded called 'Birth as a Long-term Memory.' The authors repeatedly use the phrase 'Ask your caregiver,' followed by a list of other sources of information and help depending on the circumstance-doulas, partner, family, lactation consultant, neighbors, support groups, therapists. Just as the authors keep mother and baby and partner 'together,' they keep the family located within a web of relationships. Notably, the authors include ample discussion of the effects of childhood sexual trauma or domestic violence, events that can disrupt a satisfying childbearing experience. Webs of relationships are not always happy ones. This book is the ideal 'caregiver.' Indeed, all caregivers, especially obstetricians, would do well to read this book. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2011/09// PY - 2011 DO - 10.1111/j.1523-536X.2011.00496_1.x DP - EBSCOhost VL - 38 IS - 3 SP - 273 EP - 274 J2 - Birth: Issues in Perinatal Care SN - 0730-7659 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2011-20021-014&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2011-20021-014 DB - psyh KW - Pregnancy KW - Caregivers KW - pregnancy KW - Birth KW - childbirth KW - caregivers KW - newborn ER - TY - JOUR TI - Review of Survivor moms Women's stories of birthing, mothering and healing after sexual abuse AU - Simkin, Penny T2 - Birth: Issues in Perinatal Care AB - Reviews the book, Survivor Moms: Women’s Stories of Birthing, Mothering and Healing after Sexual Abuse by Mickey Sperlich and Julia S. Seng (2008). The authors have tackled the immense task of revealing a silent and unrecognized cause of adverse outcomes of childbirth. A history of sexual abuse affects one in three or four childbearing women, and has the potential to adversely affect both short- and long-term outcomes for mother and baby. It is one of the most neglected etiologies of complications during pregnancy, labor, postpartum, and parenting. The six chapters, ‘‘Life Before Motherhood,’’ ‘‘Pregnancy,’’ ‘‘Labor and Birth,’’ ‘‘Postpartum and Breastfeeding,’’ ‘‘Mothering and Attachment,’’ and ‘‘Healing and Survivorship,’’ cover the realities of sexual abuse before, during, and after the childbearing year. The intention of the authors, shared by the contributors, is to break the chain of violence that passes from generation to generation, to empower the survivor mothers to ‘‘raise their children differently than they were raised’’. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2010/03// PY - 2010 DO - 10.1111/j.1523-536X.2009.00384_1.x DP - EBSCOhost VL - 37 IS - 1 SP - 81 EP - 82 J2 - Birth: Issues in Perinatal Care SN - 0730-7659 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2010-03976-015&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2010-03976-015 DB - psyh KW - Survivors KW - sexual abuse KW - Sexual Abuse KW - mothers KW - Birth KW - childbirth KW - Mothers KW - survivors ER - TY - JOUR TI - Health risk behaviours among adolescents in the English-speaking Caribbean: A review AU - Maharaj, Rohan G. AU - Nunes, Paula AU - Renwick, Shamin T2 - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health AB - Background: The aim of this paper was to review and summarize research on prevalence of health risk behaviors, their outcomes as well as risk and protective factors among adolescents in the English-speaking Caribbean. Methods: Searching of online databases and the World Wide Web as well as hand searching of the West Indian Medical Journal were conducted. Papers on research done on adolescents aged 10-19 years old and published during the period 1980-2005 were included. Results: Ninety-five relevant papers were located. Five papers were published in the 1980s, 47 in the 1990s, and from 2000–2005, 43 papers. Health risk behaviors and outcomes were divided into seven themes. Prevalence data obtained for these, included lifetime prevalence of substance use: cigarettes-24% and marijuana-17%; high risk sexual behavior: initiation of sexual activity ≤ 10 years old-19% and those having more than six partners-19%; teenage pregnancy: teens account for 15–20% of all pregnancies and one-fifth of these teens were in their second pregnancy; Sexually-Transmitted Infections (STIs): population prevalence of gonorrhea and/or Chlamydia in 18–21 year-olds was 26%; mental health: severe depression in the adolescent age group was 9%, and attempted suicide-12%; violence and juvenile delinquency: carrying a weapon to school in the last 30 days-10% and almost always wanting to kill or injure someone-5%; eating disorders and obesity: overweight-11%, and obesity-7%. Many of the risk behaviors in adolescents were shown to be related to the adolescent's family of origin, home environment and parent-child relationships. Also, the protective effects of family and school connectedness as well as increased religiosity noted in studies from the United States were also applicable in the Caribbean. Conclusion: There is a substantial body of literature on Caribbean adolescents documenting prevalence and correlates of health risk behaviors. Future research should emphasize the designing and testing of interventions to alleviate this burden. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2009/03// PY - 2009 DO - 10.1186/1753-2000-3-10 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 3 J2 - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health SN - 1753-2000 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2009-05267-001&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2009-05267-001 DB - psyh KW - Risk Factors KW - Health Behavior KW - risk factors KW - protective factors KW - Protective Factors KW - adolescents KW - Adolescent Development KW - Epidemiology KW - English-speaking Caribbean KW - health behavior KW - Health Risk Behavior KW - prevalence rate ER - TY - JOUR TI - School absenteeism and school refusal behavior in youth: A contemporary review AU - Kearney, Christopher A. T2 - Clinical Psychology Review AB - Absenteeism from school is a serious public health issue for mental health professionals, physicians, and educators. The prevalence of unexcused absences from school exceeds that of major childhood behavior disorders and is a key risk factor for violence, injury, substance use, psychiatric disorders, and economic deprivation. This article involves a contemporary research review on absenteeism prevalence, comorbid physical and psychiatric conditions, classification, contextual risk factors, cross-cultural variables, assessment, intervention, and outcome. Contextual risk factors include homelessness and poverty, teenage pregnancy, school violence and victimization, school climate and connectedness, parental involvement, and family variables, among others. A description of intervention includes medical, clinical, and systemic interventions. Medical professionals, community- and school-based mental health professionals, and educators are encouraged to fully understand the parameters of school absenteeism to develop better, consensual policies regarding definition, classification, assessment, and intervention of youths with problematic school absenteeism. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2008/03// PY - 2008 DO - 10.1016/j.cpr.2007.07.012 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 28 IS - 3 SP - 451 EP - 471 J2 - Clinical Psychology Review SN - 0272-7358 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2008-03057-006&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2008-03057-006 DB - psyh KW - Students KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Prevalence KW - Risk Factors KW - Poverty KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Mental Disorders KW - risk factors KW - Substance-Related Disorders KW - Pregnancy KW - Pregnancy in Adolescence KW - Cross Cultural Differences KW - Disorders KW - Comorbidity KW - Absenteeism KW - Adolescent Behavior KW - behavior problems KW - Behavior Problems KW - comorbidity KW - cross cultural variables KW - Homeless Persons KW - Juvenile Delinquency KW - physical conditions KW - psychiatric conditions KW - school absenteeism KW - School Attendance KW - School Refusal KW - school refusal behavior KW - School Truancy ER - TY - JOUR TI - Influence of childhood sexual abuse on pregnancy, delivery, and the early postpartum period in adult women AU - Leeners, Brigitte AU - Richter-Appelt, Hertha AU - Imthurn, Bruno AU - Rath, Werner T2 - Journal of Psychosomatic Research AB - Objective: With a prevalence of around 20%, childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is a relevant problem in obstetric care. The aim of our systematic review was to present the current knowledge on the influence of CSA on pregnancy, delivery, and early parenthood. Data Sources: All English, French, or German primary and secondary literature from the reference lists found after screening the data banks Pubmed, PsycInfo, and Psyndex for publications that include the terms CSA or childhood traumatization and pregnancy, birth, delivery, labor, childbearing, breast feeding, or postpartum, and published after 1970 were reviewed for relevant data. Methods of Study Selection: Investigations of psychological/medical data banks and cross references revealed 43 relevant studies. Given the paucity of data on this important subject, we opted to review all of these studies. Tabulation, Integration, and Results: Although research projects on this topic are rare and the methodological quality of studies published to date is generally poor, women with a history of CSA seem to present a variety of long-term sequelae referring to pregnancy, delivery, and early parenthood. These sequelae include risk behaviors during pregnancy and disturbance of delivery by sudden memories of sexual abuse situations. Prenatal care is often complicated by the tendency to avoid situations that can trigger memories. Conclusions: As effective treatment programs to improve sequelae of CSA are available today, the question of such abuse experiences should be raised as early as possible and adequate interdisciplinary models to care for victimized patients should be established. However, to improve knowledge on the long-term effect of sexual abuse experiences in obstetrical care, methodologically well-designed research projects focusing on the kind and incidence of sequelae, mediating factors as well as prophylactic and therapeutic options are needed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2006/08// PY - 2006 DO - 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.11.006 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 61 IS - 2 SP - 139 EP - 151 J2 - Journal of Psychosomatic Research SN - 0022-3999 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2006-10311-004&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2006-10311-004 DB - psyh KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Adolescent KW - Child KW - Child Abuse KW - Child Abuse, Sexual KW - Female KW - Sexual Abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - Postpartum Period KW - pregnancy KW - Birth KW - childhood sexual abuse KW - delivery KW - early postpartum period KW - obstetric care KW - Obstetrics ER - TY - JOUR TI - Book Review: Domestic Violence Screening and Intervention in Medical and Mental Healthcare Settings AU - Oehme, Karen T2 - Research on Social Work Practice AB - Reviews the book 'Domestic Violence Screening and Intervention in Medical and Mental Healthcare Settings' by L. K. Hamberger and M. B. Phelan which provides a comprehensive literature review of domestic violence studies in a variety of health care settings. Studies on intimate partner violence in primary care, maternal care, emergency care, and mental health care settings are analyzed. Domestic violence literature in many subspecialties--including pediatrics, ophthalmology, oral and maxillofacial surgical, physical rehabilitation, and gastrointestinal disorders--are also extensively reviewed. The potential audience for 'Domestic Violence Screening' is enormous. Most obviously, architects of domestic violence prevention programs in heath care settings will benefit from the book's exhaustive analysis. Researchers in social work, psychology, marriage and family therapy, and child development will also benefit from its nearly encyclopedic treatment of the literature and painstaking identification of areas lacking sufficient study. A third group--those professionals who educate physicians and other medical care experts--can gain valuable insight into overcoming barriers to effective implementation of domestic violence curricula. Finally, physicians and health care professionals who are distinctively positioned to screen for, assess, and intervene in domestic violence cases have a significant new tool with which to assist their patients. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DO - 10.1177/1049731505276377 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 15 IS - 4 SP - 309 EP - 309 J2 - Research on Social Work Practice SN - 1049-7315 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2005-05881-008&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2005-05881-008 DB - psyh KW - Intervention KW - Mental Health Services KW - Domestic Violence KW - Health Care Services KW - intervention KW - Screening KW - domestic violence screening KW - medical healthcare settings KW - mental healthcare settings ER - TY - JOUR TI - Reviews: New edition of psychology of women textbook has it all AU - Blakemore, Judith E. Owen T2 - Psychology of Women Quarterly AB - Reviews the book, 'The Psychology of Women,' by Margaret W. Matlin. For her fifth edition of her textbook, the author has produced a very impressive book. Written in a clear and lively style, thoroughly grounded in research and clearly feminist in orientation, this revision has many pedagogical features including anecdotes designed to appeal to student interest. The reviewer wholeheartedly recommends this book to anyone teaching this subject to undergraduates. The book consists of 15 chapters in which the author includes all the usual topics for a Psychology of Women course (e.g., gender differences, stereotypes, work, relationships, sexuality, pregnancy, motherhood, physical and mental health, and violence against women). No textbook is perfect. If I have a complaint about this book, it would be related to the depth of coverage of die material. The author sometimes glosses over some topics very quickly and skips others entirely. However, the overall impression of the book is very positive, and these weaknesses are generally more of a concern for faculty teaching this course at an advanced level, or to graduate students. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2004/09// PY - 2004 DO - 10.1111/j.1471-6402.2004.144_1.x DP - EBSCOhost VL - 28 IS - 3 SP - 266 EP - 266 J2 - Psychology of Women Quarterly SN - 0361-6843 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2004-17570-010&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2004-17570-010 DB - psyh KW - Sexuality KW - Human Females KW - Violence KW - violence KW - Human Sex Differences KW - pregnancy KW - gender differences KW - Psychology of Women KW - Sex Role Attitudes KW - sexuality KW - stereotype roles KW - women psychology ER - TY - JOUR TI - Journal article reviews AU - Teplin, Stuart W. AU - Grus, Catherine L. AU - Macias, Michelle M. AU - Reiff, Michael I. T2 - Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics A2 - Teplin, Stuart W. AB - This section provides brief reviews of articles from many journals that relate to the interests of individuals seeking information on research and teaching in developmental and behavioral pediatrics. In this issue, the journal articles reviewed relate specifically to adolescent partner abuse and high risk behaviors; attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and social skills training; autism prevalence in the US; bullying and violence; child abuse and hostile attributions; depression in preschool children; disability severity and its relationship to maternal depression; the genetic influence on child competence; maternal lupus during pregnancy and its effects of children's learning and handedness; obesity and psychiatric disorders; premature infants, intraventricular hemorrhage, and indomethacin in relation to school age outcomes; Rett syndrome; and the age of initiation for toilet training. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2003/08// PY - 2003 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 24 IS - 4 SP - 295 EP - 300 J2 - Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics SN - 0196-206X UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2003-07348-015&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2003-07348-015 DB - psyh KW - Disorders KW - Adolescent Psychology KW - Child Psychology KW - developmental & behavioral pediatrics KW - disorders KW - Pediatrics ER - TY - JOUR TI - Social and emotional outcomes of childhood sexual abuse: A review of recent research AU - Tyler, Kimberly A. T2 - Aggression and Violent Behavior AB - A total of 41 articles examined the social and emotional outcomes of childhood sexual abuse. The outcomes examined included suicide and substance use, gang involvement, pregnancy, running away, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), risky sexual behavior, and behavioral problems. Results for each of these outcomes tended to vary by developmental period. However, problems of internalizing and externalizing behavior appeared to be specific to sexually abused children of all age groups. Some studies found differences in outcome according to gender, race, and age. Although findings related to abuse characteristics were found to vary from study to study, severity of the abuse, use of force, and victim's relationship to the perpetrator were found to be especially important. Other factors, such as family support and parental monitoring, were found to mitigate a negative outcome. Limitations are discussed along with suggestions for future research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2002/11// PY - 2002 DO - 10.1016/S1359-1789(01)00047-7 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 7 IS - 6 SP - 567 EP - 589 J2 - Aggression and Violent Behavior SN - 1359-1789 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2002-04553-002&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2002-04553-002 DB - psyh KW - Child Abuse KW - Psychosocial Factors KW - Drug Abuse KW - Sexual Abuse KW - substance abuse KW - Adolescent Pregnancy KW - suicide KW - Suicide KW - post-traumatic stress disorder KW - pregnancy KW - Posttraumatic Stress Disorder KW - Victimization KW - Behavior Problems KW - childhood sexual abuse KW - behavioral problems KW - developmental period KW - Developmental Stages KW - gang involvement KW - Juvenile Gangs KW - risky sexual behavior KW - Runaway Behavior KW - running away ER - TY - JOUR TI - Reproductive health consequences of intimate partner violence: A nursing research review AU - Campbell, Jacquelyn C. AU - Woods, Anne B. AU - Chouaf, Kathryn Laughon AU - Parker, Barbara T2 - Clinical Nursing Research AB - Intimate partner violence is widespread and results in significant negative mental and physical health outcomes for women. This article is a review of nursing research on intimate partner violence and women's reproductive health and focuses on studies published since 1995, building on prior reviews. Research on forced sex and the resulting physical and emotional trauma as well as implications for contraception, sexually transmitted disease (STD)/HIV prevention, and condom use negotiation are discussed. Then discussed are several approaches to the study of abuse during pregnancy, including several studies of nursing interventions. The authors conclude with the clinical implications of these studies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 2000/08// PY - 2000 DO - 10.1177/10547730022158555 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 9 IS - 3 SP - 217 EP - 237 J2 - Clinical Nursing Research SN - 1054-7738 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2000-00415-001&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 2000-00415-001 DB - psyh KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Female KW - Health KW - Violence KW - Intimate Partner Violence KW - Pregnancy KW - Rape KW - Victimization KW - Reproductive Health KW - Battered Women KW - Clinical Nursing Research KW - Consequence KW - Experimentation KW - Nursing KW - Obstetrical Complications KW - Reproductive Medicine KW - research for nursing practice review on intimate partner violence & women's reproductive health consequences ER - TY - JOUR TI - 'Violence and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A review of the literature and directions for future research': Commentary AU - Mayer, Lydia T2 - American Journal of Preventive Medicine AB - Comments on the article by R. Petersen et al on violence and adverse pregnancy outcomes (see record [rid]1997-43063-001[/rid]). Mayer makes several points that are intended to enhance the contributions made by Petersen's original article. A reply by the original authors is included. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 1998/05// PY - 1998 DO - 10.1016/S0749-3797(97)00060-3 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 14 IS - 4 SP - 365 EP - 366 J2 - American Journal of Preventive Medicine SN - 0749-3797 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=1998-04002-008&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 1998-04002-008 DB - psyh KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Violence KW - Domestic Violence KW - Pregnancy KW - Research Design KW - Pregnancy Outcome KW - Pregnancy Complications KW - comment with reply included KW - Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) KW - Pregnancy Outcomes KW - violence & adverse pregnancy outcomes ER - TY - JOUR TI - Violence and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A review of the literature and directions for future research AU - Petersen, Ruth AU - Gazmararian, Julie A. AU - Spitz, Alison M. AU - Rowley, Diane L. AU - Goodwin, Mary M. AU - Saltzman, Linda E. AU - Marks, James S. T2 - American Journal of Preventive Medicine AB - Reviews the research on the potential association between violence during pregnancy and adverse outcomes, explores mechanisms by which violence might influence pregnancy outcomes, and suggests directions for future research aimed at the development of successful interventions. No pregnancy outcome was consistently found to be associated with violence during pregnancy. The trauma literature offers insight about the effects that injuries caused by physical violence might have on pregnancy outcomes. The stress literature investigates potential mechanisms through which physical violence could indirectly affect pregnancy outcomes. Both types of literature offer methodologic approaches that could be employed in future research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 13 IS - 5 SP - 366 EP - 373 J2 - American Journal of Preventive Medicine SN - 0749-3797 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=1997-43063-001&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 1997-43063-001 DB - psyh KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Human Females KW - Stress, Psychological KW - Causality KW - Violence KW - Domestic Violence KW - Pregnancy KW - Research Design KW - Pregnancy Outcome KW - Pregnancy Complications KW - literature review KW - Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) KW - Pregnancy Outcomes KW - violence & adverse pregnancy outcomes KW - Literature Review KW - Wounds and Injuries ER - TY - JOUR TI - Nonoffending mothers of sexually abused children: Comparison of opinions and research AU - Tamraz, Djenane Nakhle T2 - Journal of Child Sexual Abuse: Research, Treatment, & Program Innovations for Victims, Survivors, & Offenders AB - Literature on nonoffending mothers of sexually abused children is reviewed, dichotomized into opinion-based and research-based information, and analyzed. The feminist perspective on gender role dichotomy is applied to the opinion-based literature, and a posttraumatic stress disorder framework is used for interpretation of the research-based literature. The author argues that most information on nonoffending mothers is opinion-based, not research-based, but that opinions have been accorded the same validity as research findings. However, opinions cannot substitute for research. Knowledge of nonoffending mothers should only be based on valid sources of information; their roles into incest dynamics will otherwise be invariably confounded by murky data. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 1996/// PY - 1996 DO - 10.1300/J070v05n04_05 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 5 IS - 4 SP - 75 EP - 104 J2 - Journal of Child Sexual Abuse: Research, Treatment, & Program Innovations for Victims, Survivors, & Offenders SN - 1053-8712 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=1997-03944-005&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 1997-03944-005 DB - psyh KW - Child Abuse KW - Sexual Abuse KW - literature review KW - Mothers KW - Mother Child Relations KW - Literature Review KW - opinion-based vs research-based literature on nonoffending mothers of sexually abused children ER - TY - JOUR TI - The battered child syndrome: Some research aspects AU - Smith, Selwyn M. T2 - Psychiatric Journal of the University of Ottawa AB - Reviews the literature concerning child abuse and focuses on results of the Birmingham child-abuse study conducted by the author and others (see record [rid]1975-09875-001[/rid]). In this study, 134 battered infants and children under 5 yrs of age and their parents were examined over a 2-yr period. Parents underwent standardized psychiatric, psychological, and social interviews, and results were compared with those from parents of a matched group of children admitted to hospitals as emergency cases. Results show that the average age of the abused Ss was 18.5 mo, and equal numbers of each sex were involved. 15% had low birth weights compared with 5–7% of the general population. No support was found for the suggestion that difficulties during pregnancy, labor, or after birth are responsible for child abuse. The battered children's mothers (average age 23.5 yrs) were nearly 4 yrs younger than the British national average when they gave birth to their 1st child. Lack of family cohesiveness, pre-marital conception, and illegitimacy were important underlying factors. 75% of the mothers and 66% of the fathers had an abnormal personality; the less severe types of personality disturbance were found among the mothers, who, in general, had features of emotional immaturity and dependence. (69 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) DA - 1976/12// PY - 1976 DP - EBSCOhost VL - 1 IS - 4 SP - 158 EP - 164 J2 - Psychiatric Journal of the University of Ottawa SN - 0702-8466 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=1978-21301-001&site=ehost-live&scope=site AN - 1978-21301-001 DB - psyh KW - Parents KW - Child Abuse KW - Mental Disorders KW - child abuse KW - Literature Review KW - Battered Child Syndrome KW - battered children under 5 yrs old & their parents KW - Birmingham study & other literature review KW - Marital Relations KW - Personality KW - psychological & marital profile of parents & child's age & health ER - TY - JOUR TI - Interventions during pregnancy to prevent preterm birth: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews AU - Medley, N AU - Vogel, JP AU - Care, A AU - Alfirevic, Z T2 - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews AB - Abstract - Background Preterm birth (PTB) is a major factor contributing to global rates of neonatal death and to longer‐term health problems for surviving infants. Both the World Health Organization and the United Nations consider prevention of PTB as central to improving health care for pregnant women and newborn babies. Current preventative clinical strategies show varied efficacy in different populations of pregnant women, frustrating women and health providers alike, while researchers call for better understanding of the underlying mechanisms that lead to PTB. Objectives We aimed to summarise all evidence for interventions relevant to the prevention of PTB as reported in Cochrane systematic reviews (SRs). We intended to highlight promising interventions and to identify SRs in need of an update. Methods We searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2 November 2017) with key words to capture any Cochrane SR that prespecified or reported a PTB outcome. Inclusion criteria focused on pregnant women without signs of preterm labour or ruptured amniotic membranes. We included reviews of interventions for pregnant women irrespective of their risk status. We followed standard Cochrane methods. We applied GRADE criteria to evaluate the quality of SR evidence. We assigned graphic icons to classify the effectiveness of interventions as: clear evidence of benefit; clear evidence of harm; clear evidence of no effect or equivalence; possible benefit; possible harm; or unknown benefit or harm . We defined clear evidence of benefit and clear evidence of harm to be GRADE moderate‐ or high‐quality evidence with a confidence interval (CI) that does not cross the line of no effect. Clear evidence of no effect or equivalence is GRADE moderate‐ or high‐quality evidence with a narrow CI crossing the line of no effect. Possible benefit and possible harm refer to GRADE low‐quality evidence with a clear effect (CI does not cross the line of no effect) or GRADE moderate‐ or high‐quality evidence with a wide CI. Unknown harm or benefit refers to GRADE low‐ or very low‐quality evidence with a wide CI. Main results We included 83 SRs; 70 had outcome data. Below we highlight key results from a subset of 36 SRs of interventions intended to prevent PTB. Outcome: preterm birth Clear evidence of benefit Four SRs reported clear evidence of benefit to prevent specific populations of pregnant women from giving birth early, including midwife‐led continuity models of care versus other models of care for all women; screening for lower genital tract infections for pregnant women less than 37 weeks' gestation and without signs of labour, bleeding or infection; and zinc supplementation for pregnant women without systemic illness. Cervical cerclage showed clear benefit for women with singleton pregnancy and high risk of PTB only. Clear evidence of harm No included SR reported clear evidence of harm. No effect or equivalence For pregnant women at high risk of PTB, bedrest for women with singleton pregnancy and antibiotic prophylaxis during the second and third trimester were of no effect or equivalent to a comparator. Possible benefit Four SRs found possible benefit in: group antenatal care for all pregnant women; antibiotics for pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria; pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation for pregnant women who smoke; and vitamin D supplements alone for women without pre‐existing conditions such as diabetes. Possible harm One SR reported possible harm (increased risk of PTB) with intramuscular progesterone, but this finding is only relevant to women with multiple pregnancy and high risk of PTB. Another review found possible harm with vitamin D, calcium and other minerals for pregnant women without pre‐existing conditions. Outcome: perinatal death Clear evidence of benefit Two SRs reported clear evidence of benefit to reduce pregnant women's risk of perinatal death: midwife‐led continuity models of care for all pregnant women; and fetal and umbilical Doppler for high‐risk pregnant women. Clear evidence of harm No included SR reported clear evidence of harm. No effect or equivalence For pregnant women at high risk of PTB, antibiotic prophylaxis during the second and third trimester was of no effect or equivalent to a comparator. Possible benefit One SR reported possible benefit with cervical cerclage for women with singleton pregnancy and high risk of PTB. Possible harm One SR reported possible harm associated with a reduced schedule of antenatal visits for pregnant women at low risk of pregnancy complications; importantly, these women already received antenatal care in settings with limited resources. Outcomes: preterm birth and perinatal death Unknown benefit or harm For pregnant women at high risk of PTB for any reason including multiple pregnancy, home uterine monitoring was of unknown benefit or harm. For pregnant women at high risk due to multiple pregnancy: bedrest, prophylactic oral betamimetics, vaginal progesterone and cervical cerclage were all of unknown benefit or harm. Authors' conclusions Implications for practice The overview serves as a map and guide to all current evidence relevant to PTB prevention published in the Cochrane Library. Of 70 SRs with outcome data, we identified 36 reviews of interventions with the aim of preventing PTB. Just four of these SRs had evidence of clear benefit to women, with an additional four SRs reporting possible benefit. No SR reported clear harm, which is an important finding for women and health providers alike. The overview summarises no evidence for the clinically important interventions of cervical pessary, cervical length assessment and vaginal progesterone because these Cochrane Reviews were not current. These are active areas for PTB research. The graphic icons we assigned to SR effect estimates do not constitute clinical guidance or an endorsement of specific interventions for pregnant women. It remains critical for pregnant women and their healthcare providers to carefully consider whether specific strategies to prevent PTB will be of benefit for individual women, or for specific populations of women. Implications for research Formal consensus work is needed to establish standard language for overviews of reviews and to define the limits of their interpretation. Clinicians, researchers and funders must address the lack of evidence for interventions relevant to women at high risk of PTB due to multiple pregnancy. Plain language summary Ways to help pregnant women avoid preterm birth What is the issue? Preterm birth, or being born before 37 weeks of pregnancy, is a major reason why newborns die and may also mean long‐term disability for surviving infants. There are many ways healthcare providers try to prevent women from having their babies too early. Pregnant women may be encouraged to take vitamins, reduce smoking, take medicines for infections or attend regular healthcare visits. Our overview looks at different ways (or interventions) to prevent preterm birth. We searched for relevant papers in the Cochrane Library on 2 November, 2017. Why is this important? Preterm birth is devastating and costly for women, families and health systems. We aimed to summarise relevant information for pregnant women, healthcare workers and researchers. What evidence did we find? We included 83 systematic reviews with evidence about whether or not the intervention was able to reduce pregnant women's chance of having a preterm birth or a baby death. Seventy of these reviews had information about preterm birth. We categorised the evidence we found as: clear benefit or harm; no effect; possible benefit or harm; or unknown effect. Outcome: preterm birth Clear benefit We were confident that the following interventions were able to help specific populations of pregnant women avoid giving birth early: midwife‐led continuity models of care versus other models of care for all women; screening for lower genital tract infections; and zinc supplementation for pregnant women without systemic illness. Cervical stitch (cerclage) was of benefit only for women at high risk of preterm birth and with singleton pregnancy. Clear harm We found no treatment that increased women’s chance of giving birth preterm. Possible benefit The following interventions may have helped some groups of pregnant women avoid preterm birth, but we have less confidence in these results: group antenatal care for all pregnant women; antibiotics for pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria; pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation; and vitamin D supplements alone for women without health problems. Possible harm We found two interventions that may have made things worse for some pregnant women: intramuscular progesterone for women at high risk of preterm birth with multiple pregnancy; and taking vitamin D supplements, calcium and other minerals for pregnant women without health problems. Outcome: perinatal death Clear benefit We were confident in evidence for midwife‐led continuity models of care for all pregnant women; and for fetal and umbilical Doppler for high‐risk pregnant women; these interventions appeared to reduce women's chance of experiencing baby death. Clear harm We found no intervention that increased women’s risk of baby death. Possible benefit We found a possible benefit with cervical stitch (cerclage) for women with singleton pregnancy and high risk of preterm birth. Possible harm One review reported possible harm associated with having fewer antenatal visits, even for pregnant women at low risk of pregnancy problems. The pregnant women in this review already received limited antenatal care. Outcomes: preterm birth and perinatal death Unknown benefit or harm For pregnant women at high risk of preterm birth for any reason including multiple pregnancy, home uterine monitoring was of unknown benefit or harm. For high‐risk pregnant women with multiple pregnancy: bedrest, prophylactic oral betamimetics, vaginal progesterone and cervical cerclage were all of unknown benefit or harm. What does this mean? There is valuable information in the Cochrane Library relevant to women, doctors, midwives and researchers interested in preventing early birth. We have summarised the results of systematic reviews to describe how well different strategies work to prevent early birth and baby death. We organised our information in clear figures with graphic icons to represent how confident we were in the results and to point readers toward promising treatments for specific groups of pregnant women. Our overview found no up‐to‐date information in the Cochrane Library for the important treatments of cervical pessary, vaginal progesterone or cervical assessment with ultrasound. We found no high‐quality evidence relevant to women at high risk of preterm birth due to multiple pregnancy. It remains important for pregnant women and their healthcare providers to carefully consider whether specific strategies to prevent preterm birth will be of benefit for individual women, or for specific populations of women. DA - 2018/// PY - 2018 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD012505.pub2 IS - 11 SN - 1465-1858 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012505.pub2 AN - CD012505 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - *Systematic Reviews as Topic KW - Anti‐Bacterial Agents [therapeutic use] KW - Bed Rest KW - Premature Birth [*prevention & control] KW - Smoking Cessation KW - Vitamin D [administration & dosage] KW - Vitamins [administration & dosage] ER - TY - JOUR TI - Psychosocial interventions for women enrolled in alcohol treatment during pregnancy. AU - Lui, S AU - Terplan, M AU - Smith, EJ T2 - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews AB - Abstract - Background Excessive alcohol use during pregnancy has been associated with adverse maternal and neonatal effects. It is therefore important to develop and evaluate effective interventions during this important time in a woman's life. To our knowledge there have been no systematic reviews of randomised control trials (RCT) in this population. Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in pregnant women enrolled in alcohol treatment programs for improving birth and neonatal outcomes, maternal abstinence and treatment retention. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Drugs and Alcohol Group's Trial register (December 2007); MEDLINE (1950 to 2007); PsycINFO (1806 to 2007); EMBASE (1974 to 2007); CINAHL (1982 to 2007) Selection criteria We sought to include randomised or quasi‐randomised studies comparing any psychosocial intervention versus pharmacological interventions or placebo or non‐intervention or another psychosocial intervention for treating alcohol dependence in pregnancy. Data collection and analysis Three review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion in review. Studies were to be assessed using standardized data extraction and quality assessment forms. No suitable trials were identified. Main results The search strategy identified 958 citations. 17 citations were deemed relevant for full text review, an additional 9 articles were retrieved through hand searching references, for a total of 26 articles. Following full text review no articles met the inclusion criteria. Data extraction and assessment of methodological quality were therefore not possible. Authors' conclusions The review question remains unanswered as there were no randomised control trials found relevant to the topic. There is a need for high quality randomised controlled trials to determine the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in pregnant women enrolled in alcohol treatment programs. Plain language summary Psychosocial interventions for women enrolled in alcohol treatment during pregnancy Pregnancy can be seen as a window of opportunity where women may seek treatment for their addictions out of concern for their unborn child. Worldwide estimates of alcohol usage report that a large proportion of women continue to drink during their pregnancy. Light alcohol consumption has not been associated with adverse effects on a woman's baby, while excessive consumption of alcohol has been shown to cause a number of birth defects as well as foetal alcohol syndrome. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy is the most widely recognized cause of severe mental and developmental delay in the baby. Therefore pregnancy is an important point in time to treat women for their alcohol dependence. This review sought to find all trials which compared any psychosocial intervention to other treatment or no treatment for pregnant or postpartum women in alcohol treatment. No articles were found which fit our inclusion criteria; most trials assessed psychosocial interventions to reduce alcohol consumption in pregnant or reproductive age women, not pregnant or post‐partum women in alcohol treatment. We defined alcohol treatment as when the authors stated the women were in alcohol treatment or any validated psychosocial intervention for the treatment of alcohol dependence. Control trials need to be performed on this population of women to determine the most effective therapy for pregnant women seeking treatment for their alcohol dependence. DA - 2008/// PY - 2008 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD006753.pub2 IS - 3 SN - 1465-1858 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006753.pub2 AN - CD006753 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - *Alcohol Drinking KW - Alcohol‐Related Disorders [*therapy] KW - Pregnancy Complications [*therapy] KW - Temperance ER - TY - JOUR TI - Pharmacologic Interventions for Pregnant Women Enrolled in Alcohol Treatment AU - Smith, EJ AU - Lui, S AU - Terplan, M T2 - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews AB - Abstract - Background Excessive alcohol use during pregnancy has been associated with adverse maternal and neonatal effects. It is therefore important to develop and evaluate effective interventions during this important time in a woman's life. To our knowledge there have been no systematic reviews of randomised control trials (RCT) in this population. Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacologic interventions in pregnant women enrolled in alcohol treatment programs for improving birth and neonatal outcomes, maternal abstinence and treatment retention. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Drugs and Alcohol Group's Trial register (August 2008) ; MEDLINE (1.1950 to 6.2008) ; EMBASE (1.1974 ‐ 8.2008); CINAHL (1.1982‐6.2008); PsycInfo (1.1806‐6.2008), and reference lists of articles. Selection criteria We sought to include randomised or quasi‐randomised studies comparing any pharmacologic intervention versus other pharmacologic treatment alone or in association with psychosocial treatment, placebo, non‐intervention or psychosocial intervention. Data collection and analysis Two review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion in the review. Included studies were to be assessed using standardized data extraction and quality assessment forms. No suitable trials were identified. Main results The search strategy identified 793 citations. Twenty‐three citations were deemed relevant for full text review; an additional ten articles were retrieved through hand searching references, for a total of thirty‐three articles. Following full text review no articles met the inclusion criteria. Data extraction and assessment of methodological quality were therefore not possible. Authors' conclusions The review question remains unanswered as there were no randomised control trials found relevant to the topic. There is a need for high quality research to determine the effectiveness of pharmacologic interventions in pregnant women enrolled in alcohol treatment program. Plain language summary Pharmacologic interventions for pregnant women enrolled in alcohol treatment programs Drinking alcohol during pregnancy is common. Yet no safe level of alcohol consumption is known, with no conclusive evidence on any adverse effects on the unborn child with low levels of alcohol. During pregnancy, more than two units per day or more than four units per drinking session may increase the risk of miscarriage, reduce growth, and impair mental development of the baby. Foetal alcohol syndrome is evident as neurological abnormalities, mental retardation, varying degrees of psychosocial and behavioural problems and characteristic facial dysmorphology that are apparent in adolescents and adults. In some populations alcohol use during pregnancy leads to increased child abuse and neglect or compromised mother‐infant attachment and responsiveness. Mothers who consume alcohol are more likely to have post‐natal depression and are less likely to attend health facilities for education and medical treatment. Specific interventions need to be put in place to assist pregnant and postpartum women who have alcohol problems. Medicines are given to assist with alcohol treatment by lessening the effects during detoxification. These include benzodiazepines, phenothiazines and chlormethiazone, used to reduce anxiety and insomnia. Anti‐depressants may also be given after withdrawal. Disulfiram, naltrexone and acamprosate are used in more severe cases to decrease cravings for alcohol and maintain abstinence. The review authors could not identify any randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of pharmacologic interventions to improve maternal, birth, and infant outcomes in pregnant women enrolled in alcohol treatment programs. The main reason for study exclusion was study design; we found trials without a control group or focusing only on outcomes for the newborn baby such as birth weight, length or head circumference. Given the stigma attached to alcohol use in pregnancy, recruitment for outcomes trials is likely to remain difficult, which adversely affects generalizability. Clearly the availability of quality evidence would assist with ante‐partum decision making by both the physician and mother. DA - 2009/// PY - 2009 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD007361.pub2 IS - 3 SN - 1465-1858 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007361.pub2 AN - CD007361 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Alcohol Drinking [*drug therapy] KW - Pregnancy Complications [*drug therapy] ER - TY - JOUR TI - Strategies of testing for syphilis during pregnancy AU - Shahrook, S AU - Mori, R AU - Ochirbat, T AU - Gomi, H T2 - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews AB - Abstract - Background Each year about two million pregnant women are infected with preventable syphilis infection, mostly in developing countries. Despite the expansion of antenatal syphilis screening programmes over the past few decades, syphilis continues to be a major public health concern in developing countries. Point‐of‐care syphilis testing may be a useful strategy to substantially prevent syphilis‐associated perinatal mortality and other negative consequences in resource‐poor settings. However, the evidence on effectiveness has been generated mostly from observational study designs or has been reported as a mixed‐intervention effect. Objectives To assess the effectiveness of antenatal syphilis screening in improving the uptake of screening tests and treatment, and reducing perinatal mortality. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (30 September 2014) and the reference lists of retrieved studies. Selection criteria Randomised (individual and cluster) controlled trials comparing different screening tests conducted during routine antenatal check‐ups versus no screening test. Cross‐over trials and quasi‐randomised experimental study designs were not eligible for inclusion. Data collection and analysis Two review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion and risk of bias, extracted data and checked for accuracy. Main results We included two cluster‐randomised controlled trials (three reports). Both trials assessed point‐of‐care syphilis testing with conventional testing methods and together involved a total of 8493 pregnant women. Data from these trials were not amenable to meta‐analysis as the measure of effectiveness was assessed in a non‐comparable way. One trial randomised 14 antenatal clinics (including 7700 pregnant women) and was carried out at in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The trial assessed one‐stop syphilis testing using a rapid treponemal test, and was judged to have unclear methods of random sequence generation, allocation concealment, selective reporting, and other bias and low risk of bias for incomplete outcome data. Blinding was not reported and was assessed as high risk. The point‐of‐care testing provided screening, test results and treatment within the same day. The trial appears to have adjusted their results to account for clustering. We entered the data into RevMan using the generic inverse variance method. The incidence of congenital syphilis was lower in the clusters receiving on‐site screening (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.01 to 0.71) and the proportion of women tested for syphilis was higher in the clusters receiving on‐site screening at both the first antenatal visit and at the third trimester visit (OR 989.80, 95% CI 16.27 to 60233.05; OR 617.88, 95% CI 13.44 to 28399.01). Adequate treatment and partner treatment was higher with the on‐site screening (AOR 10.44, 95% CI 1.00 to 108.99; AOR 18.17, 95% CI 3.23 to 101.20) and more syphilis cases were detected at first and third trimester visits with the on‐site screening (AOR 2.45, 95% CI 1.44 to 4.18; AOR 6.27, 95% CI 1.47 to 26.69). Perinatal mortality, incidence of HIV/AIDS, obstacles in uptake of screening, any other adverse effects, or healthcare resource usage were not reported in this trial. The second trial divided clinics into seven matched pairs (including 7618 pregnant women, although results were only presented for the positive cases (793 women)), and within each pair one clinic was randomised to receive the on‐site screening and the other to continue routine laboratory testing. The trial was conducted in primary healthcare clinics in KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa. Random sequence generation were judged to be at low risk of bias, but allocation concealment and incomplete outcome data were judged to be high risk. Other bias and selective reporting bias remain unclear. Blinding was not reported and was assessed as high risk of bias. This trial assessed the primary outcome of this review (perinatal mortality) and the secondary outcomes (adverse outcomes; adequate treatment; syphilis prevalence) in the subset of women (793 women) who tested positive for syphilis. Only one outcome, adequate treatment, was adjusted to account for cluster design. However, not enough information was provided to include this in an analysis using the generic inverse variance method. Where possible, results have therefore been presented in forest plots (perinatal mortality; adequate treatment), as if the data are from a parallel randomised controlled trial. These results should therefore be interpreted with caution. The trial reported on perinatal mortality in women with positive test results and showed that on‐site screening using a rapid plasma reagin test had no clear evidence of an effect on perinatal mortality reduction (odds ratio (OR) 0.63; 95% CI 0.27 to 1.48; 18/549 (3.3%) versus 8/157 (5.1%)). After loss to follow up, 396/618 (64.1%) women with positive test results received adequate treatment (two or more doses of 2.4 mega units of benzathine penicillin) in the intervention cluster versus 120/175 (68.6%) in the control (OR 0.82; 95% CI 0.57 to 1.17). It was not possible to include any other data on reported outcomes in forest plots (adverse outcomes; syphilis prevalence). Incidence of congenital syphilis, proportion of women test for syphilis, incidence of HIV/AIDS, obstacles in uptake of screening, partner treatment, or healthcare resource usage were not reported in this trial. Authors' conclusions This review included evidence from two cluster‐randomised trials at high or unclear risk of bias for most of the 'Risk of bias' domains. Data were not combined in meta‐analysis because the trials used non‐comparable measures of effectiveness. Point‐of‐care syphilis testing showed some promising results for syphilis detection and treatment rates and for use in different settings. In Mongolia point‐of‐care testing was found to be effective in increasing the proportion of pregnant women tested for syphilis and treatment provided, reducing congenital syphilis, and improving access to treatment for both women and their partners. In contrast, in rural South Africa, among women with positive test results, there was no clear evidence of an effect of point‐of‐care syphilis testing in increasing adequate syphilis treatment rates, and reducing perinatal mortality, but point‐of‐care testing was found to reduce delay in seeking treatment. More trials are therefore warranted to determine the effectiveness of available testing strategies for improving syphilis‐associated adverse outcomes in pregnant women and neonates, especially in high‐risk regions. Plain language summary Antenatal screening tests for the prevention and treatment of syphilis Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. A major public health issue in developing countries, the condition develops over four stages and is potentially fatal if untreated. A pregnant woman with syphilis can transmit the infection to her baby, which may result in a severe condition in liveborn infants, stillbirth, or neonatal death. Syphilis infection can be transmitted by direct person‐to‐person contact via open sores on the lips, mouth, genitals and other areas, and during vaginal, anal or oral sexual intercourse. Open sores also increase the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Universal syphilis screening within an existing antenatal care program has been advocated as an effective way to reduce syphilis‐associated adverse outcomes. However, despite decades of syphilis‐testing programs and substantial advances in screening technology, successful prevention and treatment of syphilis have been limited. This is largely due to delays in the identification and treatment of infected women. Technical and logistical difficulties with testing, lack of antenatal care, and poor‐quality services are possible contributing factors. It is therefore crucial to investigate available randomised controlled trials to determine which test strategies are most effective in developing countries. Two included trials assessed point‐of‐care syphilis testing against conventional testing methods. The first trial was carried out in Mongolia and compared the rapid treponemal test with conventional testing. The point‐of‐care testing provided screening, test results and treatment within the same day. The trial reported a marked improvement in screening coverage, case detection and treatment, both at the first visit and in the third trimester, compared with conventional screening. The second trial was conducted at primary healthcare clinics in rural South Africa. On‐site screening using the rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test was compared with conventional testing. Among women who tested positive for syphilis, no clear reduction in perinatal deaths was observed in those who had RPR testing compared with conventional testing, and technical and logistical difficulties were reported. Both trials were mainly at high risk or unclear risk of bias. In one trial, in Mongolia, on‐site screening was better at detecting syphilis cases. More trials are warranted, especially in regions where the disease burden is increasing and HIV co‐infection is probable due to high HIV/AIDs prevalence. DA - 2014/// PY - 2014 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD010385.pub2 IS - 10 SN - 1465-1858 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD010385.pub2 AN - CD010385 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - *Point-of-Care Systems KW - Pregnancy Complications, Infectious [*diagnosis] KW - Prenatal Diagnosis [*methods] KW - Syphilis [*diagnosis] KW - Syphilis, Congenital [diagnosis] ER - TY - JOUR TI - Risk‐scoring systems for predicting preterm birth with the aim of reducing associated adverse outcomes AU - Davey, MA AU - Watson, L AU - Rayner, JA AU - Rowlands, S T2 - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews AB - Abstract - Background Identification of pregnancies that are higher risk than average is important to allow the possibility of interventions aimed at preventing adverse outcomes like preterm birth. Many scoring systems designed to classify the risk of a number of poor pregnancy outcomes (e.g. perinatal mortality, low birthweight, and preterm birth) have been developed, but they have usually been introduced without evaluation of their utility and validity. Objectives To determine whether the use of a risk‐screening tool designed to predict preterm birth (in combination with appropriate consequent interventions) reduces the incidence of preterm birth and very preterm birth, and associated adverse outcomes. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (30 June 2015). Selection criteria All randomised or quasi‐randomised (including cluster‐randomised) or controlled clinical trials that compared the incidence of preterm birth between groups that used a risk‐scoring instrument to predict preterm birth with those who used an alternative instrument, or no instrument; or that compared the use of the same instrument at different gestations. The reports may have been published in peer reviewed or non‐peer reviewed publications, or not published, and written in any language. Data collection and analysis All review authors planned to independently assess for inclusion all the potential studies we identified as a result of the search strategy. However, we did not identify any eligible studies. Main results Searching revealed no trials of the use of risk‐scoring systems for preventing preterm birth. Authors' conclusions The role of risk‐scoring systems in the prevention of preterm birth is unknown. There is a need for prospective studies that evaluate the use of a risk‐screening tool designed to predict preterm birth (in combination with appropriate consequent interventions) to prevent preterm birth, including qualitative and/or quantitative evaluation of their impact on women's well‐being. If these prove promising, they should be followed by an adequately powered, well‐designed randomised controlled trial. Plain language summary Risk‐scoring systems for the prevention of preterm birth Identification of women whose pregnancies are at higher than average risk of preterm birth would allow the possibility of providing the women with higher level antenatal care with the aim of preventing the preterm birth. Preterm birth (before 37 completed weeks' gestation) is a major public health problem worldwide, and occurs in 6% to 10% of births in high‐income countries. The proportion of pregnancies which end prematurely, between 20 and 36 weeks, has not fallen in recent years. Perinatal interventions, both before birth (transfer of women to tertiary care, antenatal steroids), and after birth (intensive care, surfactant) have markedly improved perinatal outcomes. A number of scoring systems of risk factors associated with preterm birth have been used. Systematic, objective measures can include age, marital status, socio‐economic factors, smoking, threatened miscarriage, previous low birthweight baby, previous stillbirth, maternal weight and height. Their ability to identify women at increased risk of preterm birth, and subsequently to prevent preterm birth, has not been evaluated by randomised controlled trials. The literature search for this review revealed no trials of the use of risk‐scoring systems to prevent preterm birth. There are a number of ethical issues involved in the decision to implement risk scoring that have not been evaluated; for example, an intervention with potential morbidity and may be used, or used more frequently with no evidence of more favourable outcomes, or the woman may prefer not to disclose some sensitive information included in the measures. There is a need for prospective studies that evaluate the use of risk‐scoring systems to prevent preterm birth, including an assessment of their impact on women's well‐being. If these prove promising, they should be followed by an adequately powered, well‐designed randomised controlled trial. DA - 2015/// PY - 2015 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD004902.pub5 IS - 10 SN - 1465-1858 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004902.pub5 AN - CD004902 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - *Pregnancy, High‐Risk KW - Premature Birth [*diagnosis, prevention & control] KW - Risk Assessment [methods] ER - TY - JOUR TI - Interventions (other than pharmacological, psychosocial or psychological) for treating antenatal depression AU - Dennis, CL AU - Dowswell, T T2 - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews AB - Abstract - Background A meta‐analysis of 21 studies suggests the mean prevalence rate for depression across the antenatal period is 10.7%, ranging from 7.4% in the first trimester to a high of 12.8% in the second trimester. Due to maternal treatment preferences and potential concerns about fetal and infant health outcomes, diverse non‐pharmacological treatment options are needed. Objectives To assess the effect of interventions other than pharmacological, psychosocial, or psychological interventions compared with usual antepartum care in the treatment of antenatal depression. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (31 January 2013), scanned secondary references and contacted experts in the field to identify other published or unpublished trials. Selection criteria All published and unpublished randomised controlled trials of acceptable quality evaluating non‐pharmacological/psychosocial/psychological interventions to treat antenatal depression. Data collection and analysis Both review authors participated in the evaluation of methodological quality and data extraction. Results are presented using risk ratio (RR) for categorical data and mean difference (MD) for continuous data. Main results Six trials were included involving 402 women from the United States, Switzerland, and Taiwan. For most comparisons a single trial contributed data and there were few statistically significant differences between control and intervention groups. In a trial with 38 women maternal massage compared with non‐specific acupuncture (control group) did not significantly decrease the number of women with clinical depression or depressive symptomatology immediately post‐treatment (risk ratio (RR) 0.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.25 to 2.53; mean difference (MD) ‐2.30, 95% CI ‐6.51 to 1.91 respectively). In another trial with 88 women there was no difference in treatment response or depression remission rates in women receiving maternal massage compared with those receiving non‐specific acupuncture (RR 1.33, 95% CI 0.82 to 2.18; RR 1.14, 95% CI 0.59 to 2.19 respectively). In a trial with 35 women acupuncture specifically treating symptoms of depression, compared with non‐specific acupuncture, did not significantly decrease the number of women with clinical depression or depressive symptomatology immediately post‐treatment (RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.11 to 2.13; MD ‐3.00, 95% CI ‐8.10 to 2.10). However, women who received depression‐specific acupuncture were more likely to respond to treatment compared with those receiving non‐specific acupuncture (RR 1.68, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.66). In a trial with 149 women, maternal massage by a woman's significant other, compared with standard care, significantly decreased the number of women with depressive symptomatology immediately post‐treatment (MD ‐6.70, 95% CI ‐9.77 to ‐3.63). Further, women receiving bright light therapy had a significantly greater change in their mean depression scores over the five weeks of treatment than those receiving a dim light placebo (one trial, n = 27; MD ‐4.80, 95% CI ‐8.39 to ‐1.21). However, they were not more likely to have a treatment response or experience a higher remission rate (RR 1.79, 95% CI 0.90 to 3.56; RR 1.89, 95% CI 0.81 to 4.42). Lastly, two trials examined the treatment effect of omega‐3 oils. Women receiving omega‐3 had a significantly lower mean depression score following eight weeks of treatment than those receiving a placebo (one trial, n = 33; MD ‐4.70, 95% CI ‐7.82 to ‐1.58). Conversely, in a smaller trial (21 women) there was no significant difference in the change in mean depression scores for women receiving omega‐3 and those receiving a placebo (MD 0.36, 95% CI ‐0.17 to 0.89), and women who received omega‐3 were no more likely to respond to treatment (RR 2.26, 95% CI 0.78 to 6.49) or have higher remission rates (RR 2.12, 95% CI 0.51 to 8.84). Women in the placebo group were just as likely to report a side effect as those in the omega‐3 group (RR 1.12, 95% CI 0.56 to 2.27). Authors' conclusions The evidence is inconclusive to allow us to make any recommendations for depression‐specific acupuncture, maternal massage, bright light therapy, and omega‐3 fatty acids for the treatment of antenatal depression. The included trials were too small with non‐generalisable samples, to make any recommendations. Plain language summary Interventions (other than pharmacological, psychosocial or psychological) for treating antenatal depression There is not enough evidence available to determine if acupuncture, maternal massage, bright light therapy, or omega‐3 fatty acids are effective interventions in treating antenatal depression. Approximately 12% of women will suffer from depression during their pregnancy. Research suggests that women who experience significant stress, have a history of depression, lack social support, have a history of domestic violence, are not married and living alone, and have an unintended pregnancy or poor relationships may be at a higher risk than other women of developing antenatal depression. Symptoms can include overwhelming feelings of sadness and grief, loss of interest or pleasure in activities that are usually enjoyed, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, poor sleep, a change in appetite, severe fatigue and difficulty concentrating. Unfortunately, depression during pregnancy is related to poor maternal self‐care behaviours, which may influence the baby's health; it also places a woman at significant risk of developing postpartum depression. Many women prefer not to take medication during their pregnancy and they are often interested in other complementary forms of treatment. The review found only six randomised controlled trials involving 402 women evaluating depression‐specific acupuncture (the insertion of needles into the superficial body tissues for remedial purposes), maternal massage, bright light therapy, and omega‐3 fatty acids for the treatment of antenatal depression. The included trials were too small to reach any conclusions; they also used a variety of interventions, outcome measures and comparisons. The trials provided insufficient evidence to determine if these therapies are effective treatments for antenatal depression. Further research is needed. DA - 2013/// PY - 2013 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD006795.pub3 IS - 7 SN - 1465-1858 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006795.pub3 AN - CD006795 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - *Acupuncture Therapy KW - *Massage KW - *Phototherapy KW - Depression [*therapy] KW - Fatty Acids, Omega‐3 [*therapeutic use] KW - Pregnancy Complications [psychology, *therapy] ER - TY - JOUR TI - Home visits during pregnancy and after birth for women with an alcohol or drug problem AU - Turnbull, C AU - Osborn, DA T2 - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews AB - Abstract - Background One potential method of improving outcome for pregnant or postpartum women with a drug or alcohol problem is with home visits. Objectives To determine the effects of home visits during pregnancy and/or after birth for women with a drug or alcohol problem. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (30 November 2011), CENTRAL ( The Cochrane Library 2011, Issue 4 of 4), MEDLINE (1966 to 30 November 2011), EMBASE (1980 to 30 November 2011), CINAHL (1982 to 30 November 2011) and PsycINFO (1974 to 30 November 2011) supplemented by searches of citations from previous reviews and trials and contact with experts. Selection criteria Studies using random or quasi‐random allocation of pregnant or postpartum women with a drug or alcohol problem to home visits. Trials enrolling high‐risk women of whom more than 50% were reported to use drugs or alcohol were also eligible. Data collection and analysis Review authors performed assessments of trials independently. We performed statistical analyses using fixed‐effect and random‐effects models where appropriate. Main results Seven studies (reporting 803 mother‐infant pairs) compared home visits mostly after birth with no home visits. Visitors included community health nurses, paediatric nurses, trained counsellors, paraprofessional advocates, midwives and lay African‐American women. Several studies had significant methodological limitations. There was no significant difference in continued illicit drug use (three studies, 384 women; risk ratio (RR) 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.89 to 1.24), continued alcohol use (three studies, 379 women; RR 1.18, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.46), failure to enrol in a drug treatment program (two studies, 211 women; RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.10 to 1.94), not breastfeeding at six months (two studies, 260 infants; RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.10), incomplete six‐month infant vaccination schedule (two studies, 260 infants; RR 1.09, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.32), the Bayley Mental Development Index (three studies, 199 infants; mean difference 2.89, 95% CI ‐1.17 to 6.95) or Psychomotor Index (MD 3.14, 95% CI ‐0.03 to 6.32), child behavioural problems (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.21 to 1.01), infants not in care of biological mother (two studies, 254 infants; RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.50 to 1.39), non‐accidental injury and non‐voluntary foster care (two studies, 254 infants; RR 0.16, 95% CI 0.02 to 1.23) or infant death (three studies, 288 infants; RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.12 to 4.16). Individual studies reported a significant reduction in involvement with child protective services (RR 0.38, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.74) and failure to use postpartum contraception (RR 0.41, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.82). Authors' conclusions There is insufficient evidence to recommend the routine use of home visits for pregnant or postpartum women with a drug or alcohol problem. Further large, high‐quality trials are needed. Plain language summary Home visits during pregnancy and after birth for women with an alcohol or drug problem Not enough information on home visiting in pregnancy and after the birth for women with an alcohol or drug problem. Women with an alcohol or drug problem in pregnancy are at increased risk of miscarriage, low birthweight babies, infections and postnatal depression, and the babies of withdrawal symptoms or impaired development. Home visits by individuals, teams of health professionals or trained lay people are aimed at improving health and social outcomes for mothers and babies. The review of seven trials, 803 women, found evidence that home visits after the birth may increase the engagement of these women in drug treatment services and their use of contraception, but there were insufficient data to say if this improved the health of the baby or mother. Further research is needed, with visits starting during pregnancy. DA - 2012/// PY - 2012 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD004456.pub3 IS - 1 SN - 1465-1858 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004456.pub3 AN - CD004456 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Postpartum Period KW - Pregnancy Outcome KW - *Prenatal Care KW - *House Calls [statistics & numerical data] KW - *Postnatal Care KW - *Pregnancy Complications KW - *Substance‐Related Disorders KW - Alcohol‐Related Disorders ER - TY - JOUR TI - Advance misoprostol distribution to pregnant women for preventing and treating postpartum haemorrhage AU - Oladapo, OT AU - Blum, J AU - Abalos, E AU - Okusanya, BO T2 - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews AB - Abstract - Background Advance community distribution of misoprostol for preventing or treating postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) has become an attractive strategy to expand uterotonic coverage to places where conventional uterotonic use is not feasible. However, the value and safety of this strategy remain contentious. This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2012. Objectives To assess the effectiveness and safety of the strategy of advance misoprostol distribution to pregnant women for the prevention or treatment of PPH in non‐facility births. Search methods For this update, we searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Trial Register, ClinicalTrials.gov , the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform ( ICTRP ) (19 December 2019), and reference lists of retrieved studies. Selection criteria We included randomised, cluster‐randomised or quasi‐randomised controlled trials of advance misoprostol distribution to pregnant women compared with usual (or standard) care for the prevention or treatment of PPH in non‐facility births. We excluded studies without any form of random design and those that were available in abstract form only. Data collection and analysis At least two review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias in included studies. Two review authors independently assessed the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE approach. Main results Two studies conducted in rural Uganda met the inclusion criteria for this review. One was a stepped‐wedge cluster‐randomised trial (involving 2466 women) which assessed the effectiveness and safety of misoprostol distribution to pregnant women compared with standard care for PPH prevention during non‐facility births. The other study (involving 748 women) was a pilot individually randomised placebo‐controlled trial which assessed the logistics and feasibility of community antenatal distribution of misoprostol, as well as the effectiveness and safety of self‐administration of misoprostol for PPH prevention. Only 271 (11%) of women in the cluster‐randomised trial and 299 (40%) of the women in the individually randomised trial had non‐facility births. Data from the two studies could not be meta‐analysed as the data available from the stepped‐wedge trial were not adjusted for the study design. Therefore, the analysed effects of advance misoprostol distribution on PPH prevention largely reflect the findings of the placebo‐controlled trial. Neither of the included studies addressed advance misoprostol distribution for the treatment of PPH. Primary outcomes Severe PPH was not reported in the studies. In both the intervention and standard care arms of the two studies, no cases of severe maternal morbidity or death were recorded among women who had a non‐facility birth. Secondary outcomes Compared with standard care, it is uncertain whether advance misoprostol distribution has any effect on blood transfusion (no events, 1 study, 299 women), the number of women not using misoprostol (2% in the advance distribution group versus 4% in the usual care group; risk ratio (RR) 0.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13 to 1.95, 1 study, 299 women), the number of women not using misoprostol correctly (RR 4.86, 95% CI 0.24 to 100.46, 1 study, 290 women), inappropriate use of misoprostol (RR 4.97, 95% CI 0.24 to 102.59, 1 study, 299 women) or maternal transfer or referral to a health facility (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.11 to 3.91, 1 study, 299 women). Compared with standard care, it is uncertain whether advance misoprostol provision increases the number of women experiencing minor adverse effects: shivering/chills (RR 1.84, CI 95% 1.35 to 2.50, 1 study, 299 women), fever (RR 1.87, 95% CI 1.16 to 3.00, 1 study, 299 women), or diarrhoea (RR 3.92, 95% CI 0.44 to 34.64, 1 study, 299 women); major adverse effects: placenta retention (RR 1.49, 95% CI 0.25 to 8.79, 1 study, 299 women) or hospital admission for longer than 24 hours (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.66 to 15.73, 1 study, 299 women) after non‐facility birth. For all the outcomes included in the 'Summary of findings' table, we assessed the certainty of the evidence as very low, according to GRADE criteria. Authors' conclusions Whilst it might be considered reasonable and feasible to provide advance misoprostol to pregnant women where there are no suitable alternative options for the prevention or treatment of PPH, the evidence on the benefits and harms of this approach remains uncertain. Expansion of uterotonic coverage through this strategy should be cautiously implemented either in the context of rigorous research or with targeted monitoring and evaluation of its impact. Plain language summary Advance provision of misoprostol to pregnant women for preventing and treating excessive blood loss after birth We set out to determine the safety and effectiveness of giving pregnant women a medication called misoprostol to keep, so they have it ready to prevent or treat excessive bleeding immediately after birth. What is the issue? The medications oxytocin and ergometrine are commonly used to help reduce blood loss in the first 24 hours after giving birth. These require a trained health professional to be present as they are given by injection immediately after the birth. They also need to be kept in the refrigerator to remain effective. Misoprostol is another medication that helps the womb to contract strongly after birth and reduce excess bleeding. It can be given by mouth and does not need refrigeration. This makes it easier to use than oxytocin and ergometrine, in parts of the world where refrigeration and trained health professionals are not readily available. The main side effects of misoprostol are generally self‐limiting and do not require treatment with further medication. Why is this important? Excessive blood loss, or postpartum haemorrhage, remains the leading cause of maternal death worldwide. Most of these deaths occur in remote settings in Africa and Asia, where resources are poor and home births without a skilled birth attendant are common. Having misoprostol available for use by pregnant women and community and lay health workers could be a way of avoiding excessive blood loss and death after giving birth. Misoprostol may, however, cause harm to women and their babies if used for other purposes such as to start labour before its natural onset. What evidence did we find? We searched for evidence on 19 December 2019. We identified two studies from rural Uganda involving 3214 women who were randomised (assigned by chance) to receive and keep misoprostol tablets or receive standard care for preventing excessive bleeding after birth. However, only 570 of the women enrolled in these studies gave birth outside of a health facility, which is what we were investigating. We were unable to analyse most of the information from one study as it was not separated out by birth setting (health facility versus non‐facility) and not well adjusted for the type of study design. Therefore, the analysed information in our review largely reflects the findings of one study. No serious maternal ill health or deaths were reported in the two studies. One of the main outcomes of the review, blood loss of at least 1000 mL, was not reported. Other results were from one of the studies (299 women) that used a placebo (dummy pill) in the group who did not receive misoprostol. The certainty of the evidence was very low and the findings were variable. It is unclear whether giving women misoprostol in advance affected the number of women who used misoprostol, used it correctly and appropriately, or were referred to a health facility. The number of women who experienced side effects, and newborns with poor outcomes, was not clearly different between those who received misoprostol in advance and those who received standard care. What does this mean? Although this update supports the feasibility of a strategy of giving women misoprostol tablets to use after birth outside of a health facility, the evidence on the benefits of this approach remains uncertain. Efforts to scale up this strategy as part of reducing maternal deaths in remote regions should be done cautiously through targeted monitoring and evaluation, or with large‐scale research to resolve the uncertainties. DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD009336.pub3 IS - 6 SN - 1465-1858 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009336.pub3 AN - CD009336 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Misoprostol [*supply & distribution] KW - Oxytocics [*supply & distribution] KW - Postpartum Hemorrhage [*prevention & control] ER - TY - JOUR TI - Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy AU - Chamberlain, C AU - O'Mara‐Eves, A AU - Porter, J AU - Coleman, T AU - Perlen, SM AU - Thomas, J AU - McKenzie, JE T2 - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews AB - Abstract - Background Tobacco smoking remains one of the few preventable factors associated with complications in pregnancy, and has serious long‐term implications for women and babies. Smoking in pregnancy is decreasing in high‐income countries, but is strongly associated with poverty and is increasing in low‐ to middle‐income countries. Objectives To assess the effects of smoking cessation interventions during pregnancy on smoking behaviour and perinatal health outcomes. Search methods In this sixth update, we searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (13 November 2015), checked reference lists of retrieved studies and contacted trial authors. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials, cluster‐randomised trials, and quasi‐randomised controlled trials of psychosocial smoking cessation interventions during pregnancy. Data collection and analysis Two review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion and trial quality, and extracted data. Direct comparisons were conducted in RevMan, with meta‐regression conducted in STATA 14. Main results The overall quality of evidence was moderate to high, with reductions in confidence due to imprecision and heterogeneity for some outcomes. One hundred and two trials with 120 intervention arms (studies) were included, with 88 trials (involving over 28,000 women) providing data on smoking abstinence in late pregnancy. Interventions were categorised as counselling, health education, feedback, incentives, social support, exercise and dissemination. In separate comparisons, there is high‐quality evidence that counselling increased smoking cessation in late pregnancy compared with usual care (30 studies; average risk ratio (RR) 1.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19 to 1.73) and less intensive interventions (18 studies; average RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.47). There was uncertainty whether counselling increased the chance of smoking cessation when provided as one component of a broader maternal health intervention or comparing one type of counselling with another. In studies comparing counselling and usual care (largest comparison), it was unclear whether interventions prevented smoking relapse among women who had stopped smoking spontaneously in early pregnancy. However, a clear effect was seen in smoking abstinence at zero to five months postpartum (11 studies; average RR 1.59, 95% CI 1.26 to 2.01) and 12 to 17 months (two studies, average RR 2.20, 95% CI 1.23 to 3.96), with a borderline effect at six to 11 months (six studies; average RR 1.33, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.77). In other comparisons, the effect was unclear for most secondary outcomes, but sample sizes were small. Evidence suggests a borderline effect of health education compared with usual care (five studies; average RR 1.59, 95% CI 0.99 to 2.55), but the quality was downgraded to moderate as the effect was unclear when compared with less intensive interventions (four studies; average RR 1.20, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.70), alternative interventions (one study; RR 1.88, 95% CI 0.19 to 18.60), or when smoking cessation health education was provided as one component of a broader maternal health intervention. There was evidence feedback increased smoking cessation when compared with usual care and provided in conjunction with other strategies, such as counselling (average RR 4.39, 95% CI 1.89 to 10.21), but the confidence in the quality of evidence was downgraded to moderate as this was based on only two studies and the effect was uncertain when feedback was compared to less intensive interventions (three studies; average RR 1.29, 95% CI 0.75 to 2.20). High‐quality evidence suggests incentive‐based interventions are effective when compared with an alternative (non‐contingent incentive) intervention (four studies; RR 2.36, 95% CI 1.36 to 4.09). However pooled effects were not calculable for comparisons with usual care or less intensive interventions (substantial heterogeneity, I 2 = 93%). High‐quality evidence suggests the effect is unclear in social support interventions provided by peers (six studies; average RR 1.42, 95% CI 0.98 to 2.07), in a single trial of support provided by partners, or when social support for smoking cessation was provided as part of a broader intervention to improve maternal health. The effect was unclear in single interventions of exercise compared to usual care (RR 1.20, 95% CI 0.72 to 2.01) and dissemination of counselling (RR 1.63, 95% CI 0.62 to 4.32). Importantly, high‐quality evidence from pooled results demonstrated that women who received psychosocial interventions had a 17% reduction in infants born with low birthweight, a significantly higher mean birthweight (mean difference (MD) 55.60 g, 95% CI 29.82 to 81.38 g higher) and a 22% reduction in neonatal intensive care admissions. However the difference in preterm births and stillbirths was unclear. There did not appear to be adverse psychological effects from the interventions. The intensity of support women received in both the intervention and comparison groups has increased over time, with higher‐intensity interventions more likely to have higher‐intensity comparisons, potentially explaining why no clear differences were seen with increasing intervention intensity in meta‐regression analyses. Among meta‐regression analyses: studies classified as having 'unclear' implementation and unequal baseline characteristics were less effective than other studies. There was no clear difference between trials implemented by researchers (efficacy studies), and those implemented by routine pregnancy staff (effectiveness studies), however there was uncertainty in the effectiveness of counselling in four dissemination trials where the focus on the intervention was at an organisational level. The pooled effects were similar in interventions provided for women classified as having predominantly low socio‐economic status, compared to other women. The effect was significant in interventions among women from ethnic minority groups; however not among indigenous women. There were similar effect sizes in trials with biochemically validated smoking abstinence and those with self‐reported abstinence. It was unclear whether incorporating use of self‐help manuals or telephone support increased the effectiveness of interventions. Authors' conclusions Psychosocial interventions to support women to stop smoking in pregnancy can increase the proportion of women who stop smoking in late pregnancy and the proportion of infants born low birthweight. Counselling, feedback and incentives appear to be effective, however the characteristics and context of the interventions should be carefully considered. The effect of health education and social support is less clear. New trials have been published during the preparation of this review and will be included in the next update. Plain language summary Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy What is the issue? Tobacco smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of the mother having complications during pregnancy and the baby being born low birthweight. Nicotine and other contents of cigarettes can have harmful effects on the baby’s growth and development. Why is this important? The number of women smoking in pregnancy is decreasing in high‐income countries, where it is associated with poverty, but is increasing in low‐ to middle‐income countries. Non‐pharmacological interventions that address mental, emotional or social factors are known as psychosocial interventions. We set out to identify the evidence on the effectiveness of the various psychosocial interventions to support pregnant women to stop smoking. What evidence did we find? The review includes 102 randomised controlled trials with 120 intervention arms (studies) and data from 88 randomised controlled trials (involving over 28,000 women). The main intervention strategies were categorised as counselling (n = 54), health education (n = 12), feedback (n = 6), incentives (n = 13), social support (n = 7) and exercise (n = 1). Our review provided moderate‐ to‐high quality evidence that psychosocial interventions increased the proportion of women who had stopped smoking in late pregnancy (by 35%) and mean infant birthweight (by 56 g), and reduced the number of babies born with low birthweight (by 17%) and admitted to neonatal intensive care immediately after birth (by 22%). The psychosocial interventions did not appear to have any adverse effects. For some findings there were unexplained differences between studies and some studies were small, reducing our confidence in their results. Nearly all studies were conducted in high‐income countries. Counselling interventions had a clear effect on stopping smoking compared with providing usual care (from 30 studies), and a smaller effect when compared with less intensive interventions (18 studies). No clear effect was seen with counselling provided as one component of a broader intervention to improve maternal health or comparing one type of counselling with another. Interventions that provided feedback had a clear effect when compared with usual care and when combined with other strategies such as counselling (two studies), but not when compared with less intensive interventions (three studies). Interventions based on financial incentives had a clear effect when compared with an alternative like a non‐contingent incentive intervention (four studies). Health education was not clearly effective when compared with usual care (five studies), or when it was one component of a broader maternal health intervention. Social support interventions were not clearly effective when provided by peers (six studies) or in a single trial of support provided by partners; or when social support for smoking cessation was provided as part of a broader intervention to improve maternal health. In single studies, exercise and dissemination of counselling did not have a clear effect compared to usual care. The pooled effects were similar for interventions provided to women who were poor. A clear effect was also seen with interventions among women from ethnic minority groups, but not among indigenous women (four studies). Pooled results suggest that interventions in pregnancy can also reduce smoking cessation after birth. The effects on preterm births (19 studies) and stillbirths (eight studies) were unclear. What does this mean? Counselling, feedback and financial incentives appear to reduce the number of women smoking in late pregnancy, however the interventions and the context of the interventions need to be carefully considered. The effect of health education and social support is less clear. Most of the studies were carried out in high‐income countries making it difficult to assess if the findings are applicable to other contexts. The intensity of support women received in both the intervention and comparison groups has increased over time. Many of the studies did not provide information on the number of individual women who were eligible for inclusion or were approached to take part in studies, which would have provided useful information about the general acceptability of the interventions and selection bias in the studies. The timing of the final assessment of smoking status during pregnancy also varied considerably among the studies. New trials have been published during review preparation will be included in the next update. DA - 2017/// PY - 2017 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD001055.pub5 IS - 2 SN - 1465-1858 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001055.pub5 AN - CD001055 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Social Support KW - Exercise KW - Pregnancy KW - Counseling KW - Feedback, Psychological KW - Patient Education as Topic KW - Motivation KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - *Pregnant Women KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Infant, Low Birth Weight KW - Pregnancy Outcome KW - Health Education KW - Obstetric Labor, Premature KW - Smoking Cessation [*methods, statistics & numerical data] ER - TY - JOUR TI - Antenatal psychosocial assessment for reducing perinatal mental health morbidity AU - Austin, MP AU - Priest, SR AU - Sullivan, EA T2 - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews AB - Abstract - Background Mental health conditions arising in the perinatal period, including depression, have the potential to impact negatively on not only the woman but also her partner, infant, and family. The capacity for routine, universal antenatal psychosocial assessment, and thus the potential for reduction of morbidity, is very significant. Objectives To evaluate the impact of antenatal psychosocial assessment on perinatal mental health morbidity. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register, the Cochrane Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis Group's Trials Register (CCDAN TR‐Studies), HSRProj in the National Library of Medicine (USA), and the Current Controlled Trials website: http://www.controlled trials.com/ and the UK National Research Register (last searched March 2008). Selection criteria Randomised and quasi‐randomised controlled trials. Data collection and analysis At least two review authors independently assessed trials for eligibility; they also extracted data from included trials and assessed the trials for potential bias. Main results Two trials met criteria for an RCT of antenatal psychosocial assessment. One trial examined the impact of an antenatal tool (ALPHA) on clinician awareness of psychosocial risk, and the capacity of the antenatal ALPHA to predict women with elevated postnatal Edinburgh Depression Scale (EDS) scores, finding a trend towards increased clinician awareness of 'high level' psychosocial risk where the ALPHA intervention had been used (relative risk (RR) 4.61 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.99 to 21.39). No differences between groups were seen for numbers of women with antenatal EDS scores, a score of greater than 9 being identified by ALPHA as of concern for depression (RR 0.69 95% CI 0.35 to 1.38); 139 providers. The other trial reported no differences in EPS scores greater than 12 at 16 weeks postpartum between the intervention (communication about the EDS scores with the woman and her healthcare providers plus a patient information booklet) and the standard care groups (RR 0.86 95% CI 0.61 to 1.21; 371 women). Authors' conclusions While the use of an antenatal psychosocial assessment may increase the clinician's awareness of psychosocial risk, neither of these small studies provides sufficient evidence that routine antenatal psychosocial assessment by itself leads to improved perinatal mental health outcomes. Further studies with better sample size and statistical power are required to further explore this important public health issue. It will also be important to examine outcomes up to one year postpartum not only for mother, but also infant and family. Plain language summary Antenatal psychosocial assessment for reducing perinatal mental health morbidity Women can develop mental health problems during pregnancy or at childbirth and over the following year. These problems range from depression (both minor and major), anxiety disorders, post‐traumatic stress disorder to bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and psychosis (puerperal psychosis). Life stresses such as bereavement, separation, unemployment, illness, moving house, migration, lack of social support networks, a past history of psychological or psychiatric disorders, history of physical, emotional or sexual abuse, drug or alcohol abuse, dysfunctional personality or coping styles and parenting behaviours can contribute to their onset. Obstetric factors such as timing and type of delivery and infant temperament can also play a role. Disorders may become chronic and carry over to future pregnancies. The mother’s mood during pregnancy and mental illness can impact on the development of the baby both during pregnancy and after birth. Assessing women for psychosocial risk factors and symptoms of distress during regular pregnancy checks gives the opportunity to link women with appropriate services. The one study that met the criteria for this review randomised healthcare providers to either psychosocial assessment or routine care and involved a total of 273 women. The providers who assessed psychosocial factors were more likely than those giving routine care to identify psychosocial concerns and to rate the level of concern as high. They were also more likely to detect concerns about family violence. The trial did not look at the development of anxiety or depression in these women. Not all healthcare providers chose to take part in the trial and some dropped out, leaving only 48 of the original 185 approached. This could mean that providers who were less interested in this area of clinical practice did not participate and bias the findings toward better than average detection of psychosocial risk. Two studies are currently in progress looking at the impact of early postnatal psychosocial assessment on the prevalence of antenatal and postnatal anxiety and depression. DA - 2008/// PY - 2008 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD005124.pub2 IS - 4 SN - 1465-1858 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005124.pub2 AN - CD005124 KW - Humans KW - Mental Health KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - *Prenatal Care KW - Anxiety Disorders [*diagnosis, prevention & control] KW - Depression, Postpartum [*diagnosis, prevention & control] KW - Puerperal Disorders [*diagnosis, prevention & control, psychology] ER - TY - JOUR TI - Schedules for home visits in the early postpartum period AU - Yonemoto, N AU - Dowswell, T AU - Nagai, S AU - Mori, R T2 - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews AB - Abstract - Background Maternal complications including psychological and mental health problems and neonatal morbidity have been commonly observed in the postpartum period. Home visits by health professionals or lay supporters in the weeks following the birth may prevent health problems from becoming chronic with long‐term effects on women, their babies, and their families. Objectives To assess outcomes for women and babies of different home‐visiting schedules during the early postpartum period. The review focuses on the frequency of home visits, the duration (when visits ended) and intensity, and on different types of home‐visiting interventions. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (28 January 2013) and reference lists of retrieved articles. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) (including cluster‐RCTs) comparing different types of home‐visiting interventions enrolling participants in the early postpartum period (up to 42 days after birth). We excluded studies in which women were enrolled and received an intervention during the antenatal period (even if the intervention continued into the postnatal period) and studies recruiting only women from specific high‐risk groups. (e.g. women with alcohol or drug problems). Data collection and analysis Study eligibility was assessed by at least two review authors. Data extraction and assessment of risk of bias were carried out independently by at least two review authors. Data were entered into Review Manager software. Main results We included data from 12 randomised trials with data for more than 11,000 women. The trials were carried out in countries across the world, and in both high‐ and low‐resource settings. In low‐resource settings women receiving usual care may have received no additional postnatal care after early hospital discharge. The interventions and control conditions varied considerably across studies with trials focusing on three broad types of comparisons: schedules involving more versus fewer postnatal home visits (five studies), schedules involving different models of care (three studies), and home versus hospital clinic postnatal check‐ups (four studies). In all but two of the included studies, postnatal care at home was delivered by healthcare professionals. The aim of all interventions was broadly to assess the wellbeing of mothers and babies, and to provide education and support, although some interventions had more specific aims such as to encourage breastfeeding, or to provide practical support. For most of our outcomes only one or two studies provided data, and overall results were inconsistent. There was no evidence that home visits were associated with improvements in maternal and neonatal mortality, and no consistent evidence that more postnatal visits at home were associated with improvements in maternal health. More intensive schedules of home visits did not appear to improve maternal psychological health and results from two studies suggested that women receiving more visits had higher mean depression scores. The reason for this finding was not clear. In a cluster randomised trial comparing usual care with individualised care by midwives extended up to three months after the birth, the proportions of women with Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) scores ≥ 13 at four months was reduced in the individualised care group (RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.86). There was some evidence that postnatal care at home may reduce infant health service utilisation in the weeks following the birth, and that more home visits may encourage more women to exclusively breastfeed their babies. There was some evidence that home visits are associated with increased maternal satisfaction with postnatal care. Authors' conclusions Increasing the number of postnatal home visits may promote infant health and maternal satisfaction and more individualised care may improve outcomes for women, although overall findings in different studies were not consistent. The frequency, timing, duration and intensity of such postnatal care visits should be based upon local and individual needs. Further well designed RCTs evaluating this complex intervention will be required to formulate the optimal package. Plain language summary Home visits in the early period after the birth of a baby Health problems for mothers and babies commonly occur or become apparent in the weeks following the birth. For the mothers these include postpartum haemorrhage, fever and infection, abdominal and back pain, abnormal discharge, thromboembolism, and urinary tract complications, as well as psychological and mental health problems such as postnatal depression. Mothers may also need support to establish breastfeeding. Babies are at risk of death related to infections, asphyxia, and preterm birth. Home visits by health professionals or lay supporters in the early postpartum period may prevent health problems from becoming long‐term, with effects on women, their babies, and their families. This review looked at different home‐visiting schedules in the weeks following the birth. We included 12 randomised trials with data for more than 11,000 women. Some trials focused on physical checks of the mother and newborn, while others provided support for breastfeeding, and one included the provision of practical support with housework and childcare. They were carried out in both high‐resource countries and low‐resource settings where women receiving usual care may not have received additional postnatal care after early hospital discharge. The trials focused on three broad types of comparisons: schedules involving more versus less postnatal home visits (five studies), schedules involving different models of care (three studies), and home versus hospital clinic postnatal check‐ups (four studies). In all but two of the included studies postnatal care at home was delivered by healthcare professionals. For most of our outcomes only one or two studies provided data and overall results were inconsistent. There was no evidence that home visits were associated with reduced newborn deaths or serious health problems for the mothers. Women's physical and psychological health were not improved with more intensive schedules of home visits although more individualised care improved women's mental health in one study. Overall, babies were less likely to have emergency medical care if their mothers received more postnatal home visits. More home visits may have encouraged more women to exclusively breastfeed their babies. The different outcomes reported in different studies, how the outcomes were measured, and the considerable variation in the interventions and control conditions across studies were limitations of this review. The studies were of mixed quality as regards risk of bias. More research is needed before any particular schedule of postnatal care can be recommended DA - 2017/// PY - 2017 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD009326.pub3 IS - 8 SN - 1465-1858 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009326.pub3 AN - CD009326 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Infant KW - Postpartum Period KW - Maternal Mortality KW - *House Calls [statistics & numerical data] KW - Infant Mortality KW - Perinatal Mortality KW - Postnatal Care [*organization & administration, statistics & numerical data] ER - TY - JOUR TI - The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on women’s mental health AU - Almeida, M. AU - Shrestha, A.D. AU - Stojanac, D. AU - Miller, L.J. T2 - Archives of Women's Mental Health AB - The current worldwide outbreak of COVID-19 has changed the modus operandi of all segments of society. While some pandemic-related stressors affect nearly everyone, many especially affect women. Purpose: To review what is known about the pandemic’s effect on women’s mental health, what makes them more predisposed to vulnerabilities and adverse impacts, and strategies for preventing and treating these mental health consequences in the female population during specific stages across the lifespan. Methods: The authors performed a narrative review in combination with their observations from clinical experience in the field of women’s mental health and reproductive psychiatry. Articles on women’s mental health and COVID-19 up to May 30, 2020, were searched using the electronic PubMed and PsychInfo databases, as well as publications by major health entities (e.g., World Health Organization, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the United Nations) and press releases from prime communication outlets (e.g., National Public Radio). Results and conclusions: Women who are pregnant, postpartum, miscarrying, or experiencing intimate partner violence are at especially high risk for developing mental health problems during the pandemic. Proactive outreach to these groups of women and enhancement of social supports could lead to prevention, early detection, and prompt treatment. Social support is a key protective factor. Similarly, parenting may be substantially more stressful during a pandemic. Gender disparities may be accentuated, particularly for employed women or single parents, as women are disproportionately responsible for the bulk of domestic tasks, including childcare and eldercare. DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 DO - 10.1007/s00737-020-01092-2 IS - (Almeida M., maralmeida@cha.harvard.edu) Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School;Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA, United States J2 - Arch. Women's Ment. Health LA - English SN - 1435-1102 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L2007481501&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00737-020-01092-2 KW - partner violence KW - social support KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - narrative KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - child care KW - child parent relation KW - coronavirus disease 2019 KW - disease control KW - gender KW - male KW - Medline KW - mental disease KW - pandemic KW - psychiatry KW - PsycINFO KW - radio KW - single parent KW - World Health Organization ER - TY - JOUR TI - Early prediction of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome with the use of first trimester ultrasound markers: Is it possible? AU - Antsaklis, A. AU - Pergialiotis, V. AU - Theodora, M. AU - Papazefkos, V. AU - Antsaklis, P. T2 - Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology AB - Background: The incidence of multifetal gestation and particularly of twin pregnancy has raised as a result of the introduction of assisted reproduction techniques (ART). Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a serious complication observed in monochorionic pregnancies producing severe morbidity and ultimately resulting in loss of one or all fetuses. We assessed the potential of early prediction of TTTS among three markers screened early in pregnancy [nuchal translucency (NT)] and its discrepancy and discordance, crown-rump length (CRL) and its discrepancy and discordance among twins and ductus venosus (DV) Doppler abnormalities. Materials and methods: We conducted a systematic review searching Medline (1966-2011) and Scopus (2004-2011) engines, as well as reference lists from all included studies. Twelve studies were finally enrolled in the present review, including seven prospective studies, three prospective studies and one that could not be defined either as prospective or retrospective. Conclusion: It seems that DV Doppler may denote this syndrome's possible future development and should be assessed early in monochorionic pregnancies. Further studies are definitely needed in order to evaluate the place of CRL and NT discrepancy and discordance in predicting TTTS. DA - 2013/// PY - 2013 DO - 10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1271 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 66 EP - 72 J2 - Donald Sch. J. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. LA - English SN - 0975-1912 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L373125490&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1271 KW - systematic review KW - review KW - human KW - cohort analysis KW - crown rump length KW - ductus venosus KW - embryo KW - fetus echography KW - infertility therapy KW - multicenter study (topic) KW - nuchal translucency measurement KW - prediction KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - retrospective study KW - twin twin transfusion syndrome ER - TY - JOUR TI - International perspectives on the implications of cannabis legalization: A systematic review & thematic analysis AU - Bahji, A. AU - Stephenson, C. T2 - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health AB - The legality, recreational and medical use of cannabis varies widely by country and region but remains largely prohibited internationally. In October 2018, Canada legalized the recreational use of cannabis—a move many viewed as controversial. Proponents of legalization have emphasized the potential to eradicate the marijuana black market, improve quality and safety control, increase tax revenues, improve the availability of medical cannabis, and lower gang-related drug violence. Conversely, opponents of legalization have stressed concerns about cannabis’ addictive potential, second-hand cannabis exposure, potential exacerbation of underlying and established mental illnesses, as well as alterations in perception that affect safety, particularly driving. This systematic review synthesizes recent international literature on the clinical and public health implications of cannabis legalization. DA - 2019/// PY - 2019 DO - 10.3390/ijerph16173095 VL - 16 IS - 17 J2 - Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health LA - English SN - 1660-4601 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L2002536237&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16173095 KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - article KW - human KW - pregnant woman KW - quality control KW - prevalence KW - black market KW - cannabis KW - cannabis legalization KW - cannabis use KW - emergency ward KW - health care policy KW - health care utilization KW - legal aspect KW - marketing KW - maternal child health care KW - population research KW - public health KW - thematic analysis KW - trend study ER - TY - JOUR TI - Do educational interventions stop dating violence? AU - Bhavsar, V. T2 - BJPsych Advances AB - Violence is a critical challenge for society and it disproportionately affects young people. Violence experienced in an intimate relationship is associated with attempted suicide, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as poorer physical health. Interventions to limit intimate partner violence, especially in adolescents and young people, are a priority. This commentary examines a systematic review and meta-analysis of educational interventions for relationship and dating violence in young people aged 12-25 years. Random-effects meta-analysis revealed a small statistical effect on knowledge, but no statistical associations with reduced violence. None of the included studies assessed health outcomes. The reviewers recommend further investigation of educational interventions in low- A nd middle-income settings, and studies with longer follow-up. DA - 2019/// PY - 2019 DO - 10.1192/bja.2019.19 VL - 25 IS - 4 SP - 209 EP - 213 J2 - BJPsych Adv. LA - English SN - 2056-4686 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L628002232&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bja.2019.19 KW - training KW - income KW - depression KW - substance abuse KW - posttraumatic stress disorder KW - article KW - follow up KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - sexually transmitted disease KW - adolescent pregnancy KW - age KW - attitude KW - behavior change KW - communication skill KW - dating violence KW - education KW - fetus death KW - human relation KW - ischemic heart disease KW - knowledge KW - low birth weight KW - malignant neoplasm KW - self defense KW - suicide attempt ER - TY - JOUR TI - Linkages Among Reproductive Health, Maternal Health, and Perinatal Outcomes AU - Bhutta, Z.A. AU - Lassi, Z.S. AU - Blanc, A. AU - Donnay, F. T2 - Seminars in Perinatology AB - Some interventions in women before and during pregnancy may reduce perinatal and neonatal deaths, and recent research has established linkages of reproductive health with maternal, perinatal, and early neonatal health outcomes. In this review, we attempted to analyze the impact of biological, clinical, and epidemiologic aspects of reproductive and maternal health interventions on perinatal and neonatal outcomes through an elucidation of a biological framework for linking reproductive, maternal and newborn health (RHMNH); care strategies and interventions for improved perinatal and neonatal health outcomes; public health implications of these linkages and implementation strategies; and evidence gaps for scaling up such strategies. Approximately 1000 studies (up to June 15, 2010) were reviewed that have addressed an impact of reproductive and maternal health interventions on perinatal and neonatal outcomes. These include systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and stand-alone experimental and observational studies. Evidences were also drawn from recent work undertaken by the Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group (CHERG), the interconnections between maternal and newborn health reviews identified by the Global Alliance for Prevention of Prematurity and Stillbirth (GAPPS), as well as relevant work by the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health. Our review amply demonstrates that opportunities for assessing outcomes for both mothers and newborns have been poorly realized and documented. Most of the interventions reviewed will require more greater-quality evidence before solid programmatic recommendations can be made. However, on the basis of our review, birth spacing, prevention of indoor air pollution, prevention of intimate partner violence before and during pregnancy, antenatal care during pregnancy, Doppler ultrasound monitoring during pregnancy, insecticide-treated mosquito nets, birth and newborn care preparedness via community-based intervention packages, emergency obstetrical care, elective induction for postterm delivery, Cesarean delivery for breech presentation, and prophylactic corticosteroids in preterm labor reduce perinatal mortality; and early initiation of breastfeeding and birth and newborn care preparedness through community-based intervention packages reduce neonatal mortality. This review demonstrates that RHMNH are inextricably linked, and that, therefore, health policies and programs should link them together. Such potential integration of strategies would not only help improve outcomes for millions of mothers and newborns but would also save scant resources. This would also allow for greater efficiency in training, monitoring, and supervision of health care workers and would also help families and communities to access and use services easily. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010 DO - 10.1053/j.semperi.2010.09.002 VL - 34 IS - 6 SP - 434 EP - 445 J2 - Semin. Perinatol. LA - English SN - 0146-0005 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L360000092&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.semperi.2010.09.002 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - Infant, Newborn KW - stillbirth KW - reproductive health KW - review KW - *Maternal Welfare KW - *Infant Welfare KW - Life Style KW - Maternal Health Services/methods KW - Perinatal Care/methods KW - Reproductive Medicine/*methods KW - postnatal depression KW - human KW - Human immunodeficiency virus infection KW - priority journal KW - prenatal care KW - fetus echography KW - acetylsalicylic acid KW - antibiotic agent KW - antihypertensive agent KW - antithrombocytic agent KW - bed net KW - betamethasone KW - breast feeding KW - breast feeding education KW - breech presentation KW - calcium KW - cesarean section KW - chlamydiasis KW - chloroquine KW - clinical trial KW - community care KW - continuous infusion KW - corticosteroid KW - dexamethasone KW - diazepam KW - diet supplementation KW - eclampsia KW - family planning KW - folic acid KW - helminthiasis KW - highly active antiretroviral therapy KW - home delivery KW - hypertension KW - indoor air pollution KW - insulin KW - iron KW - magnesium sulfate KW - malaria KW - maternal care KW - maternal diabetes mellitus KW - maternal hypertension KW - maternal smoking KW - mebendazole KW - multivitamin KW - neural tube defect KW - newborn care KW - obstetric procedure KW - penicillin G KW - perinatal care KW - perinatal mortality KW - placebo KW - preeclampsia KW - premature fetus membrane rupture KW - premature labor KW - proguanil KW - pyrimethamine plus sulfadoxine KW - single drug dose KW - smoking cessation KW - syphilis KW - zidovudine KW - zinc KW - zinc deficiency ER - TY - JOUR TI - Review: Commonly recommended well-child care interventions are not supported by evidence: Commentary AU - Blair, M. T2 - Evidence-Based Medicine DA - 2005/// PY - 2005 DO - 10.1136/ebm.10.4.117 VL - 10 IS - 4 SP - 117 J2 - Evid.-Based Med. LA - English SN - 1356-5524 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L41094147&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ebm.10.4.117 KW - United States KW - violence KW - Canada KW - Australia KW - United Kingdom KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - child abuse KW - human KW - Human immunodeficiency virus KW - Human immunodeficiency virus infection KW - quality control KW - Medline KW - PsycINFO KW - Cochrane Library KW - sexually transmitted disease KW - meta analysis KW - breast feeding KW - chlamydiasis KW - clinical trial KW - folic acid KW - iron KW - neural tube defect KW - accident prevention KW - alcohol consumption KW - amblyopia KW - anemia KW - child KW - child health care KW - Chlamydia KW - clinical practice KW - dental caries KW - dental health KW - drowning KW - evidence based medicine KW - eye infection KW - fluoride KW - gonorrhea KW - health education KW - health promotion KW - hearing impairment KW - home care KW - hyperlipidemia KW - iron deficiency KW - lead KW - lead poisoning KW - lipid KW - medical information KW - medical research KW - Mycobacterium tuberculosis KW - Neisseria gonorrhoeae KW - newborn screening KW - obesity KW - outcomes research KW - parental behavior KW - passive smoking KW - patient counseling KW - patient monitoring KW - patient positioning KW - physical examination KW - preventive health service KW - primary medical care KW - protective equipment KW - protective helmet KW - scoliosis KW - screening test KW - short survey KW - sleep KW - traffic accident KW - traffic safety KW - tuberculosis KW - urinary tract infection KW - uterine cervix cancer KW - visual acuity KW - Wart virus KW - water temperature ER - TY - JOUR TI - Systematic review of environmental risk factors for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A proposed roadmap from association to causation AU - Brander, G. AU - Pérez-Vigil, A. AU - Larsson, H. AU - Mataix-Cols, D. T2 - Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews AB - Objective: To synthesize the current knowledge on possible environmental risk factors for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Method: We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. The Embase, PubMed and Scopus databases were searched up until October 6, 2015, employing relevant keywords and MeSH terms. Results: 128 studies met inclusion criteria. Potential environmental risk factors for OCD have been identified in the broad areas of perinatal complications, reproductive cycle, and stressful life events. There is limited evidence regarding other potential risk factors, such as parental age, season of birth, socioeconomic status, parental rearing practices, infections, traumatic brain injury, substance use or vitamin deficiency. In general, studies were of limited methodological quality. Conclusions: At present, no environmental risk factors have convincingly been associated with OCD. We propose a roadmap for future studies, consisting of longitudinal, population-based research, employing quasi-experimental family and twin designs to identify risk factors that are not only associated with the disorder but also contribute to its causation either directly or moderating the effect of genes. DA - 2016/// PY - 2016 DO - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.03.011 VL - 65 IS - (Brander G., gustaf.brander@ki.se; Pérez-Vigil A.; Mataix-Cols D.) Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden SP - 36 EP - 62 J2 - Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. LA - English SN - 1873-7528 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L609365190&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.03.011 KW - sexual abuse KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - posttraumatic stress disorder KW - human KW - cross-sectional study KW - priority journal KW - quality control KW - risk factor KW - practice guideline KW - life event KW - spontaneous abortion KW - parental behavior KW - intimacy KW - birth KW - brain injury KW - disease association KW - disease severity KW - DSM-III KW - DSM-IV KW - environmental factor KW - family cohesion KW - family size KW - infection KW - menarche KW - menopause KW - newborn disease KW - obsessive compulsive disorder KW - ovary cycle KW - overprotecion KW - parental age KW - parental rejection KW - parenthood KW - physical abuse KW - puerperium KW - seasonal variation KW - socioeconomics KW - stressful life event KW - substance use KW - traumatic brain injury KW - vitamin deficiency ER - TY - JOUR TI - Factors that contribute to tobacco use in pregnant women - Systematic literature review AU - Cândido, A. AU - André, C. AU - Santiago, C. AU - Dias, H. AU - Cruz, O. AU - Carreira, T. AU - Amendoeira, J. T2 - Atencion Primaria AB - Introduction: Tobacco consumption, as a determinant of health, is often associated with preventable behaviours. When we speak of smoking during pregnancy, it assumes a particular importance regarding the impairment of maternal and fetal health and wellbeing, being associated with preterm birth, fetal growth restriction and increased morbidity and perinatal and infant mortality. Objectives: To identify factors that contribute to tobacco use in pregnant women. Methods: In the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) held, according the PI[C]OD method, with the question: What factors contribute to tobacco use in pregnant women? The research for papers occurred at the interface-EBSCOhost 2003-2013. Of the 59 articles identiied, 11 met the selection criteria and were selected. Results: As instruments to determine factors that contribute to tobacco use in pregnant women we identified three within the Depression, two related to Stress and 6 associated with different domains. Four categories emerged from the analysis: Socio-demographic data (age, qualiications, race/ethnicity, cohabitants and socioeconomic status); Literacy on smoking (knowledge on the impact of tobacco consumption and exposure to tobacco smoke for women, fetus and newborn); reproductive health (pre-conceptional surveillance, prenatal and postpartum); Mental health (violence against women, other consumption, stress and depression). Conclusions: The results found in this SLR led us to a synthesis of factors that contribute to tobacco use in pregnant women, with sustained contributions for the development of a data collection instrument which allows the characterization of smoking in pregnant women and future intervention in the community. DA - 2016/// PY - 2016 VL - 48 IS - (Cândido A., anabela.candido@essaude.ipsantarem.pt; André C.; Santiago C.; Dias H.; Cruz O.; Carreira T.; Amendoeira J.) Instituto Politécnico de Santarém-Escola Superior de Saúde, Portugal SP - 8 EP - 9 J2 - Aten. Prim. LA - English SN - 1578-1275 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L621220766&from=export DB - Embase KW - depression KW - violence KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - reproductive health KW - newborn KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - pregnant woman KW - social status KW - conference abstract KW - demography KW - ethnicity KW - fetus KW - information processing KW - literacy KW - physiological stress KW - race KW - smoking KW - synthesis KW - tobacco consumption KW - tobacco smoke ER - TY - JOUR TI - Alcohol exposure among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review AU - Culley, C.L. AU - Ramsey, T.D. AU - Mugyenyi, G. AU - Kiwanuka, G.N. AU - Ngonzi, J. AU - MacLeod, S. AU - Koren, G. AU - Grunau, B.E. AU - Wiens, M.O. T2 - Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology AB - Background The prevalence of general alcohol use in many countries of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is high. However, research examining alcohol use in among pregnant women within this population is limited. A review of the current status of research examining the prevalence of alcohol exposed pregnancies (AEP) is required to inform future research aiming to decrease this occurrence and its subsequent socio-economic complications. Objective The primary objective was to identify all published papers estimating prevalence and risk-factors of alcohol use among pregnant women in SSA. A secondary objective was to determine changes in alcohol use following pregnancy recognition. Methods PubMed/Medline, Embase, IPA, CINAHL were systematically searched using MeSH terms and keywords from inception date to March 2013. Studies from SSA reporting prevalence of alcohol use among pregnant women were included. Results Twelve studies were identified. Studies varied significantly according to design and study population. Prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy ranged from 2.2%-87%. The most important risk-factors for alcohol use included tobacco use, partner violence, urban living, and having a male partner who drank alcohol. Only three studies examined changes in alcohol use prior to and following pregnancy recognition with absolute reductions of between 9% and 15%. Conclusions Although the burden of alcohol use during pregnancy is likely a significant problem, limited data currently exist for the majority of SSA countries. Furthermore, significant variation likely exists within various populations. Further research is required to explore alcohol use in pregnancy. Strategies to decrease AEP must be developed and implemented in standard pre-natal care. © 2013 Canadian Society of Pharmacology and Therapeutics. All rights reserved. DA - 2013/// PY - 2013 VL - 20 IS - 3 SP - e321 EP - e333 J2 - J. Popul. ther. Clin. Pharmacol. LA - English SN - 1710-6222 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L370104594&from=export DB - Embase L4 - http://www.jptcp.com/far_13_14_e321_e333_wiens-r196543 KW - partner violence KW - systematic review KW - review KW - female KW - human KW - pregnant woman KW - prenatal care KW - quality control KW - risk factor KW - prevalence KW - alcohol consumption KW - socioeconomics KW - bibliographic database KW - information processing KW - Africa south of the Sahara KW - data extraction KW - fetal alcohol syndrome KW - tobacco dependence ER - TY - JOUR TI - The health profile of street children in africa: A literature review AU - Cumber, S.N. AU - Tsoka-Gwegweni, J. T2 - Journal of Public Health in Africa AB - The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) has labelled street children as “children in difficult circumstances”, who represent a minority population that has been under-represented for too long in health research. This a concern because street children are at risk of carrying a greater disease burden. Their homeless lifestyle makes them more vulnerable to health risks and problems than children who live at home; as they roam the streets begging for food and money to obtain basic needs and are found sleeping in half-destroyed houses, abandoned basements, under bridges and in the open air. This paper presents health results from a systematic review of literature from 17 databases and including 16 countries in Africa. The review revealed that there are more boys than girls living on the street in their adolescence and who mainly have left home due to poverty and abuse. These children in these countries are vulnerable to poor health due to factors such as homelessness, risky sexual behaviour, substance abuse and violence. Among the health problems identified are growth and nutritional disorders, physical injuries, violence, sexual abuse, communicable diseases including diarrhoeal diseases, malaria, respiratory diseases, neglected tropical diseases, mental health issues, substance abuse, reproductive health disorders, mortality, sexually transmitted diseases and HIV/AIDS. Primary interventions that could prevent poor health and improve the health status of street children include provision of safe shelter, proper nutrition, access to health care, health education, and sexual reproductive health, protection from any form of abuse, violence and substance abuse. Enforcing state policies and laws in all African countries is required to protect street children from neglect, abuse and to increase their access to education. More research on the health risks and health status of street children is still required, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, which carries the greatest disease burden and poverty. DA - 2016/// PY - 2016 DO - 10.4081/jphia.2015.566 VL - 6 IS - 2 J2 - J. Public Health Afr. LA - English SN - 2038-9930 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L611804536&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jphia.2015.566 KW - health status KW - sexual abuse KW - substance abuse KW - health care access KW - mental health KW - Africa KW - review KW - health service KW - human KW - prevalence KW - systematic review (topic) KW - sexually transmitted disease KW - adolescent pregnancy KW - health education KW - acquired immune deficiency syndrome KW - growth disorder KW - health hazard KW - homelessness KW - mortality KW - nutritional disorder KW - respiratory tract disease ER - TY - JOUR TI - Perinatal outcomes of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy: A systematic review protocol AU - D’Souza, S.R.B. AU - Ranjani, P. AU - Fernandes, S. AU - Noronha, J. AU - Anitha, S. T2 - Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology AB - Background: Pregnancy and childbirth is a crucial developmental phase in the life of a woman and her newborn(s). It becomes increasingly challenging if the pregnant woman is exposed to any Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) or domestic violence during this period. Neonatal outcomes depend largely on the mother’s health and wellbeing. Though IPV could be present even during pregnancy, it is not reported especially in a patriarchal culture. It also seems to be neglected in the perinatal health care by the health care professionals. It is pertinent for health care professionals to be aware of this during pregnancy, so that the mother and her newborn do not face any adverse outcomes. Objective: To identify the perinatal outcomes in pregnant women (who had experienced Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) during their pregnancy) and their newborns. Method: A comprehensive literature search will be made in the following databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Proquest, IndMed and ScienceDirect for retrieving the related studies. This systematic review will be conducted and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. A search strategy will be formulated. Data will be collected and analyzed according to the objective. Data extraction and data evaluation for its quality will be done. This review will include observational/analytical studies like cohort, case-control, cross-sectional studies and prevalence surveys. Narrative reviews, dissertations, case-reports, letters to the editor will be excluded. Conclusion: Though there is a growing evidence suggesting that IPV can cause serious consequences, it is unclear as to what are the specific perinatal outcomes that may affect a woman when she suffers from IPV during the period of her pregnancy. The proposed study would help in adding to the existing evidence. DA - 2018/// PY - 2018 DO - 10.5958/0973-9130.2018.00117.2 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 283 EP - 287 J2 - Indian J. Forensic Med. Toxicol. LA - English SN - 0973-9130 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L622095385&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0973-9130.2018.00117.2 KW - partner violence KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - narrative KW - newborn KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - cross-sectional study KW - adverse outcome KW - pregnant woman KW - Medline KW - Cinahl KW - prevalence KW - meta analysis KW - data extraction KW - editor KW - ScienceDirect ER - TY - JOUR TI - Maternal outcomes of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy in India AU - D’Souza, S.R.B. AU - Ranjani, P. AU - Fernandes, S. AU - Anitha, S. T2 - Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology AB - Background: Pregnancy is a very challenging period, especially so if the pregnant woman is exposed to Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) during her pregnancy. The health of the mother during pregnancy is very important because the health of the fetus depends largely on that. IPV during pregnancy can cause several maternal health problems and issues that could be deleterious to health of the fetus. IPV during pregnancy is present but not reported as frequently and seems to receive less attention in the perinatal care when compared to other health conditions that occur during pregnancy. Objective: To analyze objectively the maternal outcomes of pregnant women who had experienced Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) during their pregnancy Methods: A comprehensive literature search was made in the following databases like PubMed, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Proquest and Science Direct for retrieving the related studies. Data were analyzed according to the objective. Narrative analysis was adopted to write this review. Results: The study found that IPV experienced during pregnancy affects the physical, reproductive health, mental health as well the health seeking behavior of the pregnant woman. Conclusion: It is pertinent to have proper screening mechanisms for IPV, which are functioning in the antenatal clinics. Availability of health care providers who are sensitive to the issues these women face and are able to screen IPV effectively is the need of the hour. DA - 2018/// PY - 2018 DO - 10.5958/0973-9130.2018.00060.9 VL - 12 IS - 1 SP - 309 EP - 312 J2 - Indian J. Forensic Med. Toxicol. LA - English SN - 0973-9130 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L620356928&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0973-9130.2018.00060.9 KW - partner violence KW - India KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - reproductive health KW - narrative KW - adult KW - article KW - female KW - human KW - pregnant woman KW - Medline KW - Cinahl KW - perinatal care KW - ScienceDirect KW - attention KW - health care personnel KW - human experiment ER - TY - JOUR TI - Epidemiology of postnatal depression and its associated factors in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis AU - Dadi, A.F. AU - Akalu, T.Y. AU - Baraki, A.G. AU - Wolde, H.F. T2 - PLoS ONE AB - Introduction: Postnatal depression (PND) is a major cause of negative health-related behaviors and outcomes during infancy, childhood and adolescent period. In Africa, the burden of postnatal depression is high. However, it is under-investigated hence under-treated. To fill this information gap and to advise further interventions, we aimed at analyzing its epidemiology in Africa. Methods: We searched observational studies conducted in Africa and published in between 01/01/ 2007 and 30/06/2018 in CINHAL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Psychiatry online, PubMed, SCOPES, and Emcare databases. We assessed the quality of the studies using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) and included studies with good quality. We evaluated the heterogeneity using the Higgins I2 statistics. We used a random-effects model to pool estimates. We assessed publication bias using the funnel plot and Egger's test statistics and adjusted using Tweedie's and Duval Trim and Fill analysis. The protocol has been registered in the PROSPERO (Protocol No. CRD42018100461). Results: Nineteen studies involving 40,953 postnatal mothers were part of this systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of PND was 16.84% (95% CI: 14.49% - 19.19%). The odds of having PND was higher among women with a poor obstetric condition (POR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.11-4.01) and history of adverse birth and infant health outcomes (POR = 2.85; 95% CI: 1.29-6.25). Having a history of common mental health disorders (POR = 2.47; 95% CI: 1.51-4.04), poor social support (POR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.05-4.05), lower economic status (POR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.75-3.23), and those who had exposure to a different form of intimate partner violence (POR = 2.87; 95% CI: 1.60-5.16) had higher odds of PND. Conclusion: While robust prevalence studies are scarce, our review indicated a high prevalence rate of postnatal depression. The analysis also identified postpartum women at increased risk of PND. Therefore, there is a need to design and escalate comprehensive strategies to decrease its burden, focusing on those women at risk of PND. DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0231940 VL - 15 IS - 4 J2 - PLoS ONE LA - English SN - 1932-6203 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L2005703481&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231940 KW - social support KW - Africa KW - systematic review KW - review KW - perinatal period KW - postnatal depression KW - human KW - sexual violence KW - quality control KW - risk factor KW - mental disease KW - data base KW - prevalence KW - information processing KW - mother KW - data extraction KW - child health KW - clinical outcome KW - data synthesis KW - economic status KW - exposure to violence KW - Newcastle-Ottawa scale KW - odds ratio KW - publication bias KW - statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR TI - Preconception care: Promoting reproductive planning AU - Dean, S.V. AU - Lassi, Z.S. AU - Imam, A.M. AU - Bhutta, Z.A. T2 - Reproductive Health AB - Introduction. Preconception care recognizes that many adolescent girls and young women will be thrust into motherhood without the knowledge, skills or support they need. Sixty million adolescents give birth each year worldwide, even though pregnancy in adolescence has mortality rates at least twice as high as pregnancy in women aged 20-29 years. Reproductive planning and contraceptive use can prevent unintended pregnancies, unsafe abortions and sexually-transmitted infections in adolescent girls and women. Smaller families also mean better nutrition and development opportunities, yet 222 million couples continue to lack access to modern contraception. Results: Comprehensive interventions can prevent first pregnancy in adolescence by 15% and repeat adolescent pregnancy by 37%. Such interventions should address underlying social and community factors, include sexual and reproductive health services, contraceptive provision; personal development programs and emphasizes completion of education. Appropriate birth spacing (18-24 months from birth to next pregnancy compared to short intervals <6 months) can significantly lower maternal mortality, preterm births, stillbirths, low birth weight and early neonatal deaths. Method. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence was conducted to ascertain the possible impact of preconception care for adolescents, women and couples of reproductive age on MNCH outcomes. A comprehensive strategy was used to search electronic reference libraries, and both observational and clinical controlled trials were included. Cross-referencing and a separate search strategy for each preconception risk and intervention ensured wider study capture. Conclusion: Improving adolescent health and preventing adolescent pregnancy; and promotion of birth spacing through increasing correct and consistent use of effective contraception are fundamental to preconception care. Promoting reproductive planning on a wider scale is closely interlinked with the reliable provision of effective contraception, however, innovative strategies will need to be devised, or existing strategies such as community-based health workers and peer educators may be expanded, to encourage girls and women to plan their families. DA - 2014/// PY - 2014 DO - 10.1186/1742-4755-11-S3-S2 VL - 11 IS - (Dean S.V., sohni.dean@gmail.com; Lassi Z.S., zohra.lassi@aku.edu; Imam A.M., ayeshaimam09@gmail.com; Bhutta Z.A., zulfiqar.bhutta@aku.edu) Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan J2 - Reprod. Health LA - English SN - 1742-4755 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L600060281&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-4755-11-S3-S2 KW - violence KW - systematic review KW - stillbirth KW - reproductive health KW - emotional abuse KW - childbirth KW - abortion KW - health behavior KW - article KW - follow up KW - health service KW - human KW - coping behavior KW - risk factor KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - unplanned pregnancy KW - meta analysis KW - adolescent pregnancy KW - dating violence KW - low birth weight KW - family planning KW - hypertension KW - maternal care KW - premature labor KW - alcohol consumption KW - health promotion KW - maternal mortality KW - substance use KW - newborn death KW - acquired immune deficiency syndrome KW - abdominal injury KW - adolescent health KW - antepartum hemorrhage KW - case management KW - childhood mortality KW - condom KW - contraceptive behavior KW - emergency contraception KW - emergency treatment KW - emotional stress KW - female genital mutilation KW - genetic counseling KW - genetic screening KW - genital tract infection KW - health care planning KW - infertility KW - maternal age KW - morbidity KW - perinatal death KW - primigravida KW - psychotrauma KW - sexual coercion KW - sexual education KW - social welfare KW - unsafe sex KW - uterus perforation ER - TY - JOUR TI - Infertility-related risk factors: A systematic review AU - Deyhoul, N. AU - Mohamaddoost, T. AU - Hosseini, M. T2 - International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences AB - Objectives: Infertility is a universal barrier affecting people all over the world and its cause and importance may vary according to the geographical location and socio-economic condition. Infertility Awareness is the first step in maintaining pregnancy power in lifestyle modification. Materials and Methods: Some studies were conducted on some databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Springer and Science Direct. Twenty-five English papers with similar subject as ours published from 2010 to 2015 were reviewed. Results: Reproductive system disorders, the symptoms of sexually transmitted diseases and hormonal disorders are among the infertility causes in men and women. Lifestyle-related factors such as obesity, nutrition, smoking and alcohol consumption, mobile phone use, sexual violence and anxiety were evaluated as pregnancy changers. Conclusion: Having a healthy lifestyle, running regular tests and checkups under medical supervision and maintaining normal body weight can prevent from fertility problems. Infertility in women will be treated by medicine, minor surgery, laparoscopic procedures, and hormone therapy and by avoiding early pregnancy failure. This article is useful and beneficial for all medical and scientific researchers who want to uproot infertility. DA - 2017/// PY - 2017 DO - 10.15296/ijwhr.2017.05 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 24 EP - 29 J2 - Int. J. Women's Health Reproduction Sci. LA - English SN - 2330-4456 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L613959928&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2017.05 KW - anxiety KW - systematic review KW - review KW - human KW - sexual violence KW - risk factor KW - first trimester pregnancy KW - sexually transmitted disease KW - alcohol consumption KW - obesity KW - socioeconomics KW - smoking KW - genital tract infection KW - awareness KW - endometriosis KW - female infertility KW - hormonal therapy KW - immune response KW - laparoscopy KW - lifestyle modification KW - minor surgery KW - mobile phone KW - nutrition KW - pregnancy disorder ER - TY - JOUR TI - Prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) and offspring's asthma and allergy risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis AU - Dunngalvin, A. AU - Flanigan, C. AU - Sheik, A. AU - Brew, B. AU - Almquist, C. AU - Nwaru, B. T2 - Clinical and Translational Allergy AB - Introduction The continuing increase in atopic disease prevalence has given rise to a search for environmental risk factors, which have the potential for modification. Within the fetal programming framework, prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) may influence offspring's atopic risk. We undertook a comprehensive synthesis and meta-analysis of studies on maternal prenatal stress and risk of allergy and asthma in the offspring, taking into account the type of stress, timing of exposure, and full spectrum of allergy outcomes. Methods We searched 11 electronic databases from 1960 to end 2016 and a search of the grey literature. Type of stress included mood disorders, pregnancy related anxiety, exposure to violence, bereavement and socio-economic problems. We conducted random-effects meta-analyses to quantitatively synthesize the data. Results We identified 9779 papers of which 30 (enrolling> 6 million participants) met inclusion criteria. Maternal exposure to any type of stressor was associated with an increased risk of atopic eczema/dermatitis (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.22-1.47), wheeze (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.16-1.54), asthma (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.04-1.27), and allergic rhinitis (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.04-1.62), but decreased the risk of atopic sensitization (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.86-0.98). The majority of studies used self-report tools to measure stress. Of the 30 studies graded for quality, four of the studies were strong, 25 were moderate, and one study was weak. The results showed that PNMS (principally 3rd trimester) was associated with an increased risk of current or ever wheeze in the offspring, atopic eczema/dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis in the offspring. Findings were similar for stressor types (Mean HR 1.3, 95% CI 1.-1.50). Conclusion Maternal prenatal exposure to psychosocial stress increased the risk of adverse allergy outcomes in the offspring. This may represent a causal association or a result of residual confounding. Consensus is needed on the use of validated assessment tools. The combined use of self-report and objective measures would provide a more robust and informative understanding of the contribution of environmental and mechanistic factors. DA - 2018/// PY - 2018 DO - 10.1186/s13601-018-0204-0 VL - 8 IS - (Dunngalvin A., A.DunnGalvin@ucc.i.e; Flanigan C.; Brew B.) University College Cork, Cork, Ireland J2 - Clin. Transl. Allergy LA - English SN - 2045-7022 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L622871414&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13601-018-0204-0 KW - anxiety KW - systematic review KW - maternal exposure KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - quantitative analysis KW - controlled study KW - third trimester pregnancy KW - meta analysis KW - mental stress KW - conference abstract KW - synthesis KW - self report KW - exposure to violence KW - allergic asthma KW - allergic rhinitis KW - atopic dermatitis KW - bereavement KW - consensus KW - maternal stress KW - mood disorder KW - prenatal exposure KW - prenatal stress KW - progeny KW - sensitization KW - wheezing ER - TY - JOUR TI - Contribution of suicide and injuries to pregnancy-related mortality in low-income and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis AU - Fuhr, D.C. AU - Calvert, C. AU - Ronsmans, C. AU - Chandra, P.S. AU - Sikander, S. AU - De Silva, M.J. AU - Patel, V. T2 - The Lancet Psychiatry AB - Although suicide is one of the leading causes of deaths in young women in low-income and middle-income countries, the contribution of suicide and injuries to pregnancy-related mortality remains unknown. Methods: We did a systematic review to identify studies reporting the proportion of pregnancy-related deaths attributable to suicide or injuries, or both, in low-income and middle-income countries. We used a random-effects meta-analysis to calculate the pooled prevalence of pregnancy-related deaths attributable to suicide, stratified by WHO region. To account for the possible misclassification of suicide deaths as injuries, we calculated the pooled prevalence of deaths attributable to injuries, and undertook a sensitivity analysis reclassifying the leading methods of suicides among women in low-income and middle-income countries (burns, poisoning, falling, or drowning) as suicide. Findings: We identified 36 studies from 21 countries. The pooled total prevalence across the regions was 1·00% for suicide (95% CI 0·54-1·57) and 5·06% for injuries (3·72-6·58). Reclassifying the leading suicide methods from injuries to suicide increased the pooled prevalence of pregnancy-related deaths attributed to suicide to 1·68% (1·09-2·37). Americas (3·03%, 1·20-5·49), the eastern Mediterranean region (3·55%, 0·37-9·37), and the southeast Asia region (2·19%, 1·04-3·68) had the highest prevalence for suicide, with the western Pacific (1·16%, 0·00-4·67) and Africa (0·65%, 0·45-0·88) regions having the lowest. Interpretation: The available data suggest a modest contribution of injuries and suicide to pregnancy-related mortality in low-income and middle-income countries with wide regional variations. However, this study might have underestimated suicide deaths because of the absence of recognition and inclusion of these causes in eligible studies. We recommend that injury-related and other co-incidental causes of death are included in the WHO definition of maternal mortality to promote measurement and effective intervention for reduction of maternal mortality in low-income and middle-income countries. Funding: National Institute of Mental Health. DA - 2014/// PY - 2014 DO - 10.1016/S2215-0366(14)70282-2 VL - 1 IS - 3 SP - 213 EP - 225 J2 - Lancet Psychiatry LA - English SN - 2215-0366 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L601095034&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(14)70282-2 KW - violence KW - suicide KW - systematic review KW - article KW - human KW - quality control KW - drowning KW - maternal mortality KW - burn KW - cause of death KW - developing country KW - falling KW - homicide KW - injury KW - intoxication KW - sensitivity analysis KW - snakebite KW - Southeast Asia KW - Southern Europe KW - stab wound KW - Western Hemisphere ER - TY - JOUR TI - A systematic review of questionnaires measuring the health of resettling refugee women AU - Gagnon, A.J. AU - Tuck, J. AU - Barkun, L. T2 - Health Care for Women International AB - Because many ethnically diverse refugee women resettle in industrialized countries, several biopsychosocial factors need to be considered in caring for them. This systematic review of studies conducted with female refugees, asylum-seekers, or "unspecified" immigrants based on six electronic databases was conducted to determine which questionnaires best measure relevant variables. Questionnaires were reviewed for measurement properties, application of translation theory, and quality of representation. Studies must have included ≥1 measure of the following: general health; torture, abuse, sex-and-gender-based violence (SGBV); depression; stress; posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); anxiety; somatization; migration history; social support; socioeconomic status; discrimination; or mother-child interactions. Fifty-six studies using 47 questionnaires were identified; only five had strong evidence for use with resettling refugee women. Thus, few high-quality tools are available to measure concepts relevant to resettling refugee women's health. DA - 2004/// PY - 2004 DO - 10.1080/07399330490267503 VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 111 EP - 149 J2 - Health Care Woman Int. LA - English SN - 0739-9332 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L38209878&from=export DB - Medline L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07399330490267503 KW - health KW - health status KW - depression KW - violence KW - social support KW - review KW - abuse KW - posttraumatic stress disorder KW - female KW - health service KW - human KW - questionnaire KW - social status KW - data base KW - mother child relation KW - anxiety disorder KW - mental stress KW - psychological aspect KW - physiological stress KW - social welfare KW - battered woman KW - electronics KW - ethnology KW - health survey KW - immigrant KW - industrialization KW - language KW - measurement KW - migration KW - patient KW - rating scale KW - refugee KW - social psychology KW - somatization KW - standard KW - theory KW - torture ER - TY - JOUR TI - Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for the management of schizophrenia and related disorders AU - Galletly, C. AU - Castle, D. AU - Dark, F. AU - Humberstone, V. AU - Jablensky, A. AU - Killackey, E. AU - Kulkarni, J. AU - McGorry, P. AU - Nielssen, O. AU - Tran, N. T2 - Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry AB - Objectives: This guideline provides recommendations for the clinical management of schizophrenia and related disorders for health professionals working in Australia and New Zealand. It aims to encourage all clinicians to adopt best practice principles. The recommendations represent the consensus of a group of Australian and New Zealand experts in the management of schizophrenia and related disorders. This guideline includes the management of ultra-high risk syndromes, first-episode psychoses and prolonged psychoses, including psychoses associated with substance use. It takes a holistic approach, addressing all aspects of the care of people with schizophrenia and related disorders, not only correct diagnosis and symptom relief but also optimal recovery of social function. Methods: The writing group planned the scope and individual members drafted sections according to their area of interest and expertise, with reference to existing systematic reviews and informal literature reviews undertaken for this guideline. In addition, experts in specific areas contributed to the relevant sections. All members of the writing group reviewed the entire document. The writing group also considered relevant international clinical practice guidelines. Evidence-based recommendations were formulated when the writing group judged that there was sufficient evidence on a topic. Where evidence was weak or lacking, consensus-based recommendations were formulated. Consensus-based recommendations are based on the consensus of a group of experts in the field and are informed by their agreement as a group, according to their collective clinical and research knowledge and experience. Key considerations were selected and reviewed by the writing group. To encourage wide community participation, the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists invited review by its committees and members, an expert advisory committee and key stakeholders including professional bodies and special interest groups. Results: The clinical practice guideline for the management of schizophrenia and related disorders reflects an increasing emphasis on early intervention, physical health, psychosocial treatments, cultural considerations and improving vocational outcomes. The guideline uses a clinical staging model as a framework for recommendations regarding assessment, treatment and ongoing care. This guideline also refers its readers to selected published guidelines or statements directly relevant to Australian and New Zealand practice. Conclusions: This clinical practice guideline for the management of schizophrenia and related disorders aims to improve care for people with these disorders living in Australia and New Zealand. It advocates a respectful, collaborative approach; optimal evidence-based treatment; and consideration of the specific needs of those in adverse circumstances or facing additional challenges. DA - 2015/// PY - 2015 DO - 10.1177/0004867416641195 VL - 50 IS - 5 SP - 410 EP - 472 J2 - Aust. New Zealand J. Psychiatry LA - English SN - 1440-1614 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L610083975&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867416641195 KW - violence KW - housing KW - cognitive behavioral therapy KW - cognitive therapy KW - suicide KW - psychotherapy KW - schizophrenia KW - Australia KW - New Zealand KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - posttraumatic stress disorder KW - comorbidity KW - human KW - incidence KW - women's health KW - risk factor KW - multicenter study (topic) KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - prevalence KW - practice guideline KW - systematic review (topic) KW - cannabis KW - legal aspect KW - antihypertensive agent KW - anxiety disorder KW - clinical practice KW - medical research KW - obesity KW - primary medical care KW - menopause KW - substance use KW - family counseling KW - smoking KW - homelessness KW - mortality KW - case management KW - psychosocial care KW - cultural factor KW - refugee KW - acceptance and commitment therapy KW - akathisia KW - alcohol KW - amisulpride KW - anticholinergic syndrome KW - antidepressant agent KW - aripiprazole KW - art therapy KW - asenapine KW - Australian KW - benzodiazepine derivative KW - body weight disorder KW - body weight gain KW - cardiovascular disease KW - catatonia KW - clinical effectiveness KW - clinical feature KW - clozapine KW - cocaine KW - cognition KW - cognitive remediation therapy KW - combination chemotherapy KW - convalescence KW - disease classification KW - disease course KW - disease duration KW - drug efficacy KW - drug monitoring KW - drug precipitated psychosis KW - drug safety KW - dyslipidemia KW - early intervention KW - electroconvulsive therapy KW - extrapyramidal symptom KW - health care cost KW - hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor KW - hyperglycemia KW - hyperprolactinemia KW - indigenous people KW - integration therapy KW - intensive case management KW - involuntary commitment KW - lifestyle KW - lithium KW - lorazepam KW - lurasidone KW - maintenance therapy KW - major depression KW - Maori (people) KW - mental health service KW - meta cognitive training KW - metabolic disorder KW - metabolic syndrome X KW - metformin KW - methamphetamine KW - midazolam KW - molecular pathology KW - music therapy KW - narrative therapy KW - neuroleptic agent KW - nicotine patch KW - non profit organization KW - olanzapine KW - omega 3 fatty acid KW - open dialogue KW - orthostatic hypotension KW - Pacific Islander KW - paliperidone KW - patient attitude KW - peer group KW - pharmaceutical care KW - positive pressure ventilation KW - prescription KW - psychoeducation KW - psychosis KW - QT prolongation KW - quetiapine KW - relapse KW - repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation KW - restlessness KW - risperidone KW - sedation KW - sertindole KW - sleep disordered breathing KW - social cognition KW - social problem KW - solution focussed therapy KW - tardive dyskinesia KW - temporary protection visa KW - Torres Strait Islander KW - transcranial direct current stimulation KW - transcranial magnetic stimulation KW - valproic acid KW - victimisation KW - vocational rehabilitation KW - weight loss program KW - ziprasidone ER - TY - JOUR TI - A concept analysis of obstetric violence in the United States of America AU - Garcia, L.M. T2 - Nursing forum AB - The aim is to clarify the concept of "obstetric violence in the United States of America." Obstetric violence (OV) is a poorly defined and rarely applied concept in the United States that causes significant harm and requires recognition. The design is a concept analysis to examine the structure and function of OV in the United States. An English language literature review with no date restrictions was performed using CINAHL, PubMed, and Google search. The search was expanded to the related terms "birth rape" and "birth trauma." The concept analysis was conducted using the method outlined by Walker and Avant. The synthesized definition proposed is: Obstetric violence is abuse or mistreatment by a health care provider of a female who is engaged in fertility treatment, preconception care, pregnant, birthing, or postpartum; or the performance of any invasive or surgical procedure during the full span of the childbearing continuum without informed consent, that is coerced, or in violation of refusal. It is a sex-specific form of violence against women (VAW) that is a violation of human rights. A clear definition and understanding of OV in the United States will allow for its recognition. A conceptual basis for naming it can lead to better knowing its prevalence, further studies, and operationalizing the term to create pathways for accountability and restitution. Nurses are in a unique position to minimize OV risk and to promote individual and unit-based responses for zero-tolerance. DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 DO - 10.1111/nuf.12482 VL - 55 IS - 4 SP - 654 EP - 663 J2 - Nurs Forum LA - English SN - 1744-6198 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L633201855&from=export DB - Medline L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12482 KW - United States KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - childbirth KW - adult KW - article KW - female KW - human KW - rape KW - male KW - Medline KW - infertility therapy KW - Cinahl KW - prevalence KW - birth injury KW - informed consent KW - concept analysis KW - English (language) KW - nurse KW - prepregnancy care KW - structure activity relation KW - surgical technique KW - walker ER - TY - JOUR TI - Telehealth for women: An evidence map AU - Gold-Stein, K.M. AU - Zullig, L.L. AU - Alishahi-Tabriz, A. AU - Brearly, T. AU - Dedert, E. AU - Raitz, G. AU - Sata, S.S. AU - Whited, J. AU - Bosworth, H. AU - Williams, J.W. AU - Gierisch, J.M. T2 - Journal of General Internal Medicine AB - Background: Telehealth technologies and approaches connect patients to health care resources with the goal of delivering the right intervention to the right patient at the right time. Women are frequent consumers of healthcare who may benefit from the convenience and personalization offered by telehealth services (e.g. telephone, mhealth, or text messaging). However, it is unknown which telehealth approaches have been designed for and tested among women. Thus, we conducted an evidence map to describe the quantity, distribution, and characteristics of evidence that assesses the effectiveness of telehealth services designed specifically for women. Methods: We searched MEDLINE® and Embase® through December 2016 to identify relevant English-language, systematic reviews (SRs), randomized controlled trials (RCTs), nonrandomized controlled studies, controlled before-after studies, interrupted time-series or repeated-measures studies of telehealth interventions designed for women. Two reviewers independently evaluated each citation using predetermined inclusion criteria, to identify eligible studies. We summarized the data narratively to convey key features of the literature. Results: The literature search identified 5,305 unique citations, of which 209 primary studies and 2SRs were eligible. These studies were grouped into 7 focused areas of research: maternal health (n = 81), prevention (n= 56), disease management (n = 43), family planning (n = 11), high-risk breast cancer assessment (n = 7), mental health (n = 6), and intimate partner violence (n = 5). Across these areas, most studies enrolled small samples (n< 250). For studies reporting participant race and/or ethnic composition (n=114), the majority (68%) enrolled predominantly white populations. Age distributions tracked with patterns for the identified health issue (e.g., reproductive age for maternal health). Most studies were conducted in high-income countries, recruited from outpatient settings, and were limited in duration (e.g., < 12 weeks). Across all areas, telephone was the dominant telehealth modality used and the most common members of the communication dyad were patients and health care team members. Interventionists were mostly diverse credentialed and non-credentialed positions (e.g., registered nurses, behavioral health specialists, health educators, peer/lay health workers). Conclusions: This evidence map describes the current evidence evalu-ating telehealth services designed for women and identifies opportunities for evidence syntheses and new primary studies. There were few interventions conducted in women over 60, in racially/ethnically diverse populations, or using modalities other than telephone. Beyond maternal health care, we identified a relatively small number of telehealth studies that addressed other gender-specific needs of women. Telehealth offers a promising approach to deliver targeted support to women. Further, telehealth strategies could improve access and efficient use of finite existing healthcare resources. DA - 2018/// PY - 2018 VL - 33 IS - 2 SP - 355 EP - 356 J2 - J. Gen. Intern. Med. LA - English SN - 1525-1497 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L622328949&from=export DB - Embase KW - partner violence KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - risk assessment KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - gender KW - male KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - controlled study KW - family planning KW - maternal care KW - conference abstract KW - race KW - synthesis KW - English (language) KW - age distribution KW - breast cancer KW - comparative effectiveness KW - health educator KW - high income country KW - outpatient KW - registered nurse KW - telehealth KW - telephone KW - time series analysis ER - TY - JOUR TI - Telehealth Interventions Designed for Women: an Evidence Map AU - Goldstein, K.M. AU - Zullig, L.L. AU - Dedert, E.A. AU - Alishahi Tabriz, A. AU - Brearly, T.W. AU - Raitz, G. AU - Sata, S.S. AU - Whited, J.D. AU - Bosworth, H.B. AU - Gordon, A.M. AU - Nagi, A. AU - Williams, J.W. AU - Gierisch, J.M. T2 - Journal of General Internal Medicine AB - Background: Telehealth employs technology to connect patients to the right healthcare resources at the right time. Women are high utilizers of healthcare with gender-specific health issues that may benefit from the convenience and personalization of telehealth. Thus, we produced an evidence map describing the quantity, distribution, and characteristics of evidence assessing the effectiveness of telehealth services designed for women. Methods: We searched MEDLINE® (via PubMed®) and Embase® from inception through March 20, 2018. We screened systematic reviews (SRs), randomized trials, and quasi-experimental studies using predetermined eligibility criteria. Articles meeting inclusion criteria were identified for data abstraction. To assess emerging trends, we also conducted a targeted search of ClinicalTrials.gov. Results: Two hundred thirty-four primary studies and three SRs were eligible for abstraction. We grouped studies into focused areas of research: maternal health (n = 96), prevention (n = 46), disease management (n = 63), family planning (n = 9), high-risk breast cancer assessment (n = 10), intimate partner violence (n = 7), and mental health (n = 3). Most interventions focused on phone as the primary telehealth modality and featured healthcare team-to-patient communication and were limited in duration (e.g., < 12 weeks). Few interventions were conducted with older women (≥ 60 years) or in racially/ethnically diverse populations. There are few SRs in this area and limited evidence regarding newer telehealth modalities such as mobile-based applications or short message service/texting. Targeted search of clinical.trials.gov yielded 73 ongoing studies that show a shift in the use of non-telephone modalities. Discussion: Our systematic evidence map highlights gaps in the existing literature, such as a lack of studies in key women’s health areas (intimate partner violence, mental health), and a dearth of relevant SRs. With few existing SRs in this literature, there is an opportunity for examining effects, efficiency, and acceptability across studies to inform efforts at implementing telehealth for women. DA - 2018/// PY - 2018 DO - 10.1007/s11606-018-4655-8 VL - 33 IS - 12 SP - 2191 EP - 2200 J2 - J. Gen. Intern. Med. LA - English SN - 1525-1497 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L624271795&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11606-018-4655-8 KW - partner violence KW - text messaging KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - review KW - evidence based practice KW - female KW - human KW - maternal welfare KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - interpersonal communication KW - family planning KW - high risk patient KW - preventive health service KW - mobile phone KW - breast cancer KW - telehealth KW - disease assessment KW - disease management KW - doctor patient relationship KW - ethnic or racial aspects KW - quasi experimental study KW - therapy effect KW - treatment duration ER - TY - JOUR TI - Access to sexual and reproductive health services for women living with HIV in Latin America and the Caribbean: systematic review of the literature AU - Gómez-Suárez, M. AU - Mello, M.B. AU - Gonzalez, M.A. AU - Ghidinelli, M. AU - Pérez, F. T2 - Journal of the International AIDS Society AB - Introduction: Systematic reviews show that women living with HIV (WLHIV) have high unmet sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs due to barriers to access sexual and reproductive health services (SRHS). In Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), as of 2016, there were nearly one million WLHIV, but the existing evidence of their SRH needs comes from a few individual studies. This systematic review provides an overview of these women's needs to help define new and/or adapt existing public health strategies to the local context. This review synthesizes the evidence from the literature on the use of and access to SRHS related to family planning, antenatal care, abortion services and violence against WLHIV in LAC. Methods: Using a systematic review of mixed studies, a search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, INASP, POPLINE, SCOPUS, for studies conducted in LAC, from 2004 to 2017, as well as contact with authors and hand search as needed. Two independent reviewers evaluated the quality of the studies using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool; inclusion was conducted according to the PRISMA flow diagram. An exploratory narrative synthesis followed by quantitative synthesis data was undertaken. Group analysis or meta-analysis was not considered appropriate given the level of heterogeneity of the studies. Results: A total of 18 studies in 13 LAC countries for a population of 5672 WLHIV were included. Data from individual studies reported unmet family planning needs; higher, but inconsistent use of condom as the sole contraceptive method OR=1.46 [1.26 to 1.69]; lesser use of other non-permanent contraceptive methods OR=0.26 [0.22 to 0.31]; more unplanned pregnancies OR=1.30 [1.02 to 1.66]; more induced abortions OR=1.96 [1.60 to 2.39]; higher risk of immediate postpartum sterilization; and higher exposure to sexual and institutional violence by WLHIV when compared with women without HIV. Conclusions: This review presents evidence from LAC about the SRH unmet needs of WLHIV that must be addressed by decreasing institutional and structural barriers, facilitating services and reducing stigma, and discrimination among healthcare providers to improve access to SRHS based on human rights, so women independently of their HIV status can make their own reproductive decisions, free of violence and coercion. DA - 2019/// PY - 2019 DO - 10.1002/jia2.25273 VL - 22 IS - 4 J2 - J. Int. AIDS Soc. LA - English SN - 1758-2652 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L627424284&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jia2.25273 KW - stigma KW - Mexico KW - health care access KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - reproductive health KW - sexual health KW - review KW - abortion KW - health service KW - human KW - Human immunodeficiency virus infection KW - sexual violence KW - quantitative analysis KW - priority journal KW - unplanned pregnancy KW - family planning KW - acquired immune deficiency syndrome KW - condom KW - contraception KW - Antigua and Barbuda KW - Argentina KW - Brazil KW - Caribbean Islands KW - Colombia KW - contraceptive agent KW - Dominican Republic KW - El Salvador KW - female sterilization KW - Honduras KW - Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient KW - injectable contraceptive agent KW - intrauterine contraceptive device KW - Nicaragua KW - qualitative research KW - South and Central America KW - Trinidad and Tobago ER - TY - JOUR TI - Sexual and Reproductive Health Outcomes of Violence Against Women and Girls in Lower-Income Countries: A Review of Reviews AU - Grose, R.G. AU - Chen, J.S. AU - Roof, K.A. AU - Rachel, S. AU - Yount, K.M. T2 - Journal of sex research AB - Gender-based violence (GBV) against women and girls is pervasive and has negative consequences for sexual and reproductive health (SRH). In this systematic review of reviews, we aimed to synthesize research about the SRH outcomes of GBV for adolescent girls and young women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). GBV exposures were child abuse, female genital mutilation/cutting, child marriage, intimate partner violence (IPV), and non-partner sexual violence. PsycINFO, PubMed, and Scopus searches were supplemented with expert consultations, reference-list searches, and targeted organizational website searches. Reviews had to contain samples of girls and young women ages 10-24, although inclusion criteria were expanded post-hoc to capture adolescent-adult combined samples. Twenty-seven reviews were quality-rated. Study-level data were extracted from the 10 highest quality reviews (62 unique studies, 100 samples). Reviews were mostly from Africa and Asia and published between 2011 and 2015. We found consistent associations between GBV and number of sexual partners, gynecological conditions (e.g., sexually transmitted infections [STIs]), unwanted/unplanned pregnancy, and abortion. Some types of IPV also were associated with greater use of contraception/STI prevention. Addressing GBV is essential to improve SRH for girls and women in LMICs. DA - 2021/// PY - 2021 DO - 10.1080/00224499.2019.1707466 VL - 58 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 20 J2 - J Sex Res LA - English SN - 1559-8519 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L630513562&from=export DB - Medline L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2019.1707466 KW - Asia KW - partner violence KW - Africa KW - systematic review KW - reproductive health KW - child abuse KW - abortion KW - adult KW - article KW - female KW - gender based violence KW - human KW - male KW - Medline KW - PsycINFO KW - unplanned pregnancy KW - sexually transmitted disease KW - child KW - middle income country KW - female genital mutilation KW - contraception KW - adolescent KW - consultation KW - marriage KW - Scopus ER - TY - JOUR TI - Momcare: Culturally relevant treatment services for perinatal depression AU - Grote, N. AU - Katon, W. AU - Lohr, M.J. T2 - Archives of Women's Mental Health AB - Aims: Depression during pregnancy has been repeatedly demonstrated to be one of the strongest predictors of postpartum depression (O'Hara & Swain, 1996) and was observed to increase the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in a recent metaanalysis (Grote et al., 2010). The aim of this RCT was to investigate the effectiveness of using a collaborative care intervention, entitled “MOMCare,” to treat antenatal depression and prevent postpartum depression in pregnant, women on Medicaid who received Maternal Support Services in 10 public health centers in Seattle-King County, WA. MOMCare involved a choice of brief Interpersonal Psychotherapy (8 sessions plus maintenance) and/or pharmacotherapy. It was specifically enhanced to reduce racial/ethnic and economic disparities in engagement in mental health treatment and to make treatment culturally relevant to women disadvantaged by ethnicity/race and/or poverty. Methods: To date, 131 pregnant women on Medicaid have been randomly assigned to CarePlus (enhanced usual care), consisting of a referral to the OB provider and/or to a community mental health center(n=65) or to MOMCare(n=66). Primary inclusion criteria were >18 years, major depression or dysthymia, 12-32 weeks gestation, English-speaking, and access to a phone. Exclusion criteria included acute suicidal behavior, psychosis, bipolar disorder, substance abuse/ dependence within the past 3 months, and severe intimate partner violence. Results: Participants self-identified as 39 % white, 16 % Latina, 11 % African American, 12 % Asian, 2 % Native American, and 20 % of mixed race. 29 % were married, 68 % were unemployed, and 45 % had a high school degree or less. Because the trial is ongoing, we are not permitted to examine the pre-post change in depressive symptoms for the CarePlus group until data collection is completed. Paired t-test analyses of clinician-rated depression severity showed that women in the MOMCare group displayed a significant reduction in depressive symptoms during the acute phase of treatment. Conclusions: Preliminary findings suggest that MOMCare, enhanced to be culturally relevant, has the potential to ameliorate antenatal depression and reduce racial/ethnic and economic disparities in access to and engagement in mental health treatment. These results are inconclusive, however, until intent-to-treat analyses are conducted with both the MOMCare and CarePlus groups. DA - 2013/// PY - 2013 DO - 10.1007/s00737-013-0355-x VL - 16 IS - (Grote N., ngrote@u.washington.edu; Lohr M.J.) School of Social Work, University of Washington, United States SP - S4 J2 - Arch. Women's Ment. Health LA - English SN - 1434-1816 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L71370583&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00737-013-0355-x KW - poverty KW - partner violence KW - depression KW - psychotherapy KW - mental health KW - pregnancy KW - childbirth KW - risk KW - postnatal depression KW - society KW - female KW - human KW - pregnant woman KW - meta analysis KW - low birth weight KW - premature labor KW - information processing KW - major depression KW - psychosis KW - African American KW - American Indian KW - Asian KW - bipolar disorder KW - community mental health center KW - drug therapy KW - dysthymia KW - high school KW - intention to treat analysis KW - married person KW - medicaid KW - public health service KW - speech KW - Student t test KW - suicidal behavior ER - TY - JOUR TI - Meta-analysis of low birthweight (LBW), in Mexico.2000-2014 AU - Gutierrez Padilla, J.A. AU - Gutierrez Gonzalez, H. AU - Zepeda Romero, L.C. AU - Martinez Veronica, R. AU - Avalos Huizar, L. T2 - Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine AB - Brief Introduction: Low birth weight (LBW) is considered a major determinant of morbidity and mortality, and disability in infancy and childhood. It also has a long-term impact on the evolution of health during adulthood. In Mexico, l(LBW) is considered a major determinant of morbidity and mortality, and disability in infancy and childhood, and also has a long term impact on the evolution of health during adulthood. We require a better understanding of the causes of low birth weight in Mexico and more accurate estimates of the incidence of LBW, in addition to sharing of international data and effective prevention measures related to this problem that can be applied in every region of the country, as well as improving access to effective obstetric and neonatal care. Materials & Methods: The data included in Mexican scientific reportsshow that, in addition to its impact on infant mortality, LBW has been associated with higher odds of infection, malnutrition and disability in childhood, including cerebral palsy, mental disabilities and problems associated with behavior and learning in infancy. Children who survive a LBW have a higher incidence of disease, delays in cognitive development and malnutrition a meta-analysis refers to methods that focus on contrasting and combining results from different studies of lowbirth weight in Mexico, in the hope of identifying patterns among study results, sources of disagreement among those results, or other interesting relationships that may come to light in the context of multiple studies. Clinical Cases or Summary Results: Most Mexican women of childbearing age have not had schooling beyond elementary education, and 60% belong to groups in adverse socioeconomic conditions; 1 in 6 pregnancies occurs in teenage mothers, of whom half are unemployed or underemployed. Their social condition is Most Mexican women of child-bearing age have not had schooling beyond elementary education, and 60% belong to groups in adverse socioeconomic conditions; 1 in 6 pregnancies occurs in teenage mothers, of whom half are unemployed or underemployed. Their social condition is characterized by high stress due to increased levels of violence and financial insecurity, as well as poor access to health services. Children who survive a LBW have a higher incidence of disease, delays in cognitive development and malnutrition. There is also evidence that LBW or its determinants are associated with increased (Figure presented) susceptibility to diabetes, heart disease and other chronic health problems in the future. The heterogeneity among Mexico's diverse population groups means that the findings related to measures undertaken in one population group may not apply equally across the country; therefore, it is necessary to conduct studies that take into account the specific geographical, racial, cultural, social and economic context of each region and ethnic or social group.(4) characterized by high stress due to increased levels of violence and financial insecurity, as well as poor access to health services. Conclusions: The heterogeneity among Mexico's diverse population groups means that the findings related to measures undertaken in one population group may not apply equally across the country; therefore, it is necessary to conduct studies that take into account the specific geographical, racial, cultural, social and economic context of each region and ethnic or social group.(4) In the case of Mexico, we believe that these results provide a starting point in the search for better indicators and paradigms to assess the actual situation of Low Birth Weight among the Mexican population and define other causes of LBW, such as social condition, reproductive health, an increase in the number of women addicted to substances like alcohol, tobacco and illegal drugs, among urban, suburban, rural and indigenous population. DA - 2014/// PY - 2014 DO - 10.3109/14767058.2014.924236 VL - 27 IS - (Gutierrez Padilla J.A.; Gutierrez Gonzalez H.; Zepeda Romero L.C.; Martinez Veronica R.; Avalos Huizar L.) Hospital Civil De Guadalajara Faa Guadalajara, Mexico Pediatric Div., University of Guadalajara, Mexico SP - 344 J2 - J. Matern.-Fetal Neonatal Med. LA - English SN - 1476-7058 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L71505213&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2014.924236 KW - health KW - violence KW - Mexico KW - disability KW - prevention KW - pregnancy KW - reproductive health KW - female KW - health service KW - human KW - social status KW - childhood KW - meta analysis KW - education KW - low birth weight KW - newborn care KW - perinatal care KW - child KW - infant mortality KW - infection KW - mother KW - mortality KW - morbidity KW - alcohol KW - adolescence KW - adulthood KW - cerebral palsy KW - cognitive development KW - diabetes mellitus KW - heart disease KW - hope KW - illicit drug KW - infancy KW - learning KW - malnutrition KW - mental deficiency KW - population KW - population group KW - school KW - tobacco KW - unemployment KW - weight ER - TY - JOUR TI - Associations between Intimate Partner Violence and Termination of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis AU - Hall, M. AU - Chappell, L.C. AU - Parnell, B.L. AU - Seed, P.T. AU - Bewley, S. T2 - PLoS Medicine AB - Background:Intimate partner violence (IPV) and termination of pregnancy (TOP) are global health concerns, but their interaction is undetermined. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is an association between IPV and TOP.Methods and Findings:A systematic review based on a search of Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Ovid Maternity and Infant Care from each database's inception to 21 September 2013 for peer-reviewed articles of any design and language found 74 studies regarding women who had undergone TOP and had experienced at least one domain (physical, sexual, or emotional) of IPV. Prevalence of IPV and association between IPV and TOP were meta-analysed. Sample sizes ranged from eight to 33,385 participants. Worldwide, rates of IPV in the preceding year in women undergoing TOP ranged from 2.5% to 30%. Lifetime prevalence by meta-analysis was shown to be 24.9% (95% CI 19.9% to 30.6%); heterogeneity was high (I2>90%), and variation was not explained by study design, quality, or size, or country gross national income per capita. IPV, including history of rape, sexual assault, contraceptive sabotage, and coerced decision-making, was associated with TOP, and with repeat TOPs. By meta-analysis, partner not knowing about the TOP was shown to be significantly associated with IPV (pooled odds ratio 2.97, 95% CI 2.39 to 3.69). Women in violent relationships were more likely to have concealed the TOP from their partner than those who were not. Demographic factors including age, ethnicity, education, marital status, income, employment, and drug and alcohol use showed no strong or consistent mediating effect. Few long-term outcomes were studied. Women welcomed the opportunity to disclose IPV and be offered help. Limitations include study heterogeneity, potential underreporting of both IPV and TOP in primary data sources, and inherent difficulties in validation.Conclusions:IPV is associated with TOP. Novel public health approaches are required to prevent IPV. TOP services provide an opportune health-based setting to design and test interventions.Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary. © 2014 Hall et al. DA - 2014/// PY - 2014 DO - 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001581 VL - 11 IS - 1 J2 - PLoS Med. LA - English SN - 1549-1277 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L372349011&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001581 L4 - http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/fetchObject.action?uri=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1001581&representation=PDF KW - sexual orientation KW - Asia KW - partner violence KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - article KW - human KW - cross-sectional study KW - risk factor KW - prevalence KW - meta analysis (topic) KW - spontaneous abortion KW - socioeconomics KW - persuasive communication KW - emotional attachment KW - family decision making KW - family history KW - gross national product KW - pregnancy termination KW - sexual assault ER - TY - JOUR TI - Partner violence in pregnancy and postpartum AU - Howard, L.M. AU - Howard, L.M. T2 - Archives of Women's Mental Health AB - Aims: a, To review the evidence base on the impact of partner violence (emotional, sexual and physical) in pregnancy and postpartum on: 1) maternal mental health, 2) maternal physical health, 3) foetal and infant health; b, To review the evidence base on interventions for partner violence in pregnancy and postpartum; c, To discuss the new WHO guidelines on violence against women with a particular focus on partner violence in pregnancy and postpartum Methods: a, cohort study using a birth cohort of 13 617 mother and children dyads in the UK; b, systematic reviews, data from UK Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths and review of WHO guidelines (In press) Results: Antenatal and postnatal partner violence are associated with high levels of maternal antenatal and postnatal psychiatric morbidity, in addition to physical injuries and rarely, but importantly, homicide. Antenatal partner violence also predicts future behavioural problems at 42 months in the child. Current evidence supports enquiry about partner violence in the context of trained staff in maternity services with clear referral and care pathways for women who disclose partner violence. There is a limited evidence base on interventions but some evidence for domestic violence advocacy and tailored CBT. Conclusion: Maternity and mental health services need to ensure staff are trained to enquire appropriately about partner violence and safe care pathways are available for women who disclose abuse. Antenatal domestic violence is associated with high levels of both maternal antenatal and postnatal depressive symptoms. It is also associated with postnatal violence, and both are associated with future behavioural problems in the child at 42 months. This is partly mediated by maternal depressive symptoms in the ante- or postnatal period. DA - 2013/// PY - 2013 DO - 10.1007/s00737-013-0355-x VL - 16 IS - (Howard L.M., louise.howard@kcl.ac.uk) King's College London, United Kingdom SP - S5 J2 - Arch. Women's Ment. Health LA - English SN - 1434-1816 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L71370586&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00737-013-0355-x KW - health KW - partner violence KW - depression KW - violence KW - United Kingdom KW - mental health KW - domestic violence KW - pregnancy KW - childbirth KW - abuse KW - perinatal period KW - society KW - female KW - human KW - cohort analysis KW - World Health Organization KW - systematic review (topic) KW - infant KW - child KW - maternal mortality KW - mother KW - morbidity KW - homicide KW - injury KW - mental health service ER - TY - JOUR TI - Domestic Violence and Perinatal Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis AU - Howard, L.M. AU - Oram, S. AU - Galley, H. AU - Trevillion, K. AU - Feder, G. T2 - PLoS Medicine AB - Background:Domestic violence in the perinatal period is associated with adverse obstetric outcomes, but evidence is limited on its association with perinatal mental disorders. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and odds of having experienced domestic violence among women with antenatal and postnatal mental disorders (depression and anxiety disorders including post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD], eating disorders, and psychoses).Methods and Findings:We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO reference CRD42012002048). Data sources included searches of electronic databases (to 15 February 2013), hand searches, citation tracking, update of a review on victimisation and mental disorder, and expert recommendations. Included studies were peer-reviewed experimental or observational studies that reported on women aged 16 y or older, that assessed the prevalence and/or odds of having experienced domestic violence, and that assessed symptoms of perinatal mental disorder using a validated instrument. Two reviewers screened 1,125 full-text papers, extracted data, and independently appraised study quality. Odds ratios were pooled using meta-analysis.Sixty-seven papers were included. Pooled estimates from longitudinal studies suggest a 3-fold increase in the odds of high levels of depressive symptoms in the postnatal period after having experienced partner violence during pregnancy (odds ratio 3.1, 95% CI 2.7-3.6). Increased odds of having experienced domestic violence among women with high levels of depressive, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms in the antenatal and postnatal periods were consistently reported in cross-sectional studies. No studies were identified on eating disorders or puerperal psychosis. Analyses were limited because of study heterogeneity and lack of data on baseline symptoms, preventing clear findings on causal directionality.Conclusions:High levels of symptoms of perinatal depression, anxiety, and PTSD are significantly associated with having experienced domestic violence. High-quality evidence is now needed on how maternity and mental health services should address domestic violence and improve health outcomes for women and their infants in the perinatal period.Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary. © 2013 Howard et al. DA - 2013/// PY - 2013 DO - 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001452 VL - 10 IS - 5 J2 - PLoS Med. LA - English SN - 1549-1277 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L369013963&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001452 L4 - http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/fetchObject.action?uri=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1001452&representation=PDF KW - Humans KW - Prevalence KW - Risk Factors KW - Female KW - Mental Health Services KW - Odds Ratio KW - partner violence KW - anxiety KW - depression KW - Pregnancy KW - Risk Assessment KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - *Mental Health KW - Anxiety/epidemiology/psychology KW - Depression, Postpartum/epidemiology/psychology KW - Domestic Violence/*psychology KW - Mental Disorders/diagnosis/*epidemiology/psychology/therapy KW - Perinatal Care KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology/psychology KW - posttraumatic stress disorder KW - health service KW - human KW - mental disease KW - prevalence KW - practice guideline KW - meta analysis KW - data extraction KW - sensitivity analysis KW - eating disorder KW - puerperal psychosis ER - TY - JOUR TI - The effect of multiple adverse childhood experiences on health: a systematic review and meta-analysis AU - Hughes, K. AU - Bellis, M.A. AU - Hardcastle, K.A. AU - Sethi, D. AU - Butchart, A. AU - Mikton, C. AU - Jones, L. AU - Dunne, M.P. T2 - The Lancet Public Health AB - Background A growing body of research identifies the harmful effects that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs; occurring during childhood or adolescence; eg, child maltreatment or exposure to domestic violence) have on health throughout life. Studies have quantified such effects for individual ACEs. However, ACEs frequently co-occur and no synthesis of findings from studies measuring the effect of multiple ACE types has been done. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched five electronic databases for cross-sectional, case-control, or cohort studies published up to May 6, 2016, reporting risks of health outcomes, consisting of substance use, sexual health, mental health, weight and physical exercise, violence, and physical health status and conditions, associated with multiple ACEs. We selected articles that presented risk estimates for individuals with at least four ACEs compared with those with none for outcomes with sufficient data for meta-analysis (at least four populations). Included studies also focused on adults aged at least 18 years with a sample size of at least 100. We excluded studies based on high-risk or clinical populations. We extracted data from published reports. We calculated pooled odds ratios (ORs) using a random-effects model. Findings Of 11 621 references identified by the search, 37 included studies provided risk estimates for 23 outcomes, with a total of 253 719 participants. Individuals with at least four ACEs were at increased risk of all health outcomes compared with individuals with no ACEs. Associations were weak or modest for physical inactivity, overweight or obesity, and diabetes (ORs of less than two); moderate for smoking, heavy alcohol use, poor self-rated health, cancer, heart disease, and respiratory disease (ORs of two to three), strong for sexual risk taking, mental ill health, and problematic alcohol use (ORs of more than three to six), and strongest for problematic drug use and interpersonal and self-directed violence (ORs of more than seven). We identified considerable heterogeneity (I2 of >75%) between estimates for almost half of the outcomes. Interpretation To have multiple ACEs is a major risk factor for many health conditions. The outcomes most strongly associated with multiple ACEs represent ACE risks for the next generation (eg, violence, mental illness, and substance use). To sustain improvements in public health requires a shift in focus to include prevention of ACEs, resilience building, and ACE-informed service provision. The Sustainable Development Goals provide a global platform to reduce ACEs and their life-course effect on health. Funding Public Health Wales. DA - 2017/// PY - 2017 DO - 10.1016/S2468-2667(17)30118-4 VL - 2 IS - 8 SP - e356 EP - e366 J2 - Lancet Public Health LA - English SN - 2468-2667 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L617604819&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(17)30118-4 KW - violence KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - sexual health KW - article KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - priority journal KW - prevalence KW - meta analysis KW - alcohol consumption KW - obesity KW - substance use KW - smoking KW - respiratory tract disease KW - diabetes mellitus KW - heart disease KW - childhood adversity KW - exercise KW - personal experience ER - TY - JOUR TI - Predicting postpartum depression among adolescent mothers: A systematic review of risk AU - Hymas, R. AU - Girard, L.-C. T2 - Journal of Affective Disorders AB - Background/Aims: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a debilitating illness with negative consequences for affected mothers and their children (e.g., poor maternal-infant attachment, deficits in children's social, emotional, and cognitive development). While it is suggested that adolescent mothers are at increased risk of PPD, there is a paucity of research exploring factors that place adolescent mothers at risk. This systematic review aims to identify risk factors associated with adolescent PPD and appraise the quality of this evidence-base. Method: A systematic review was conducted in May of 2018, using PsycINFO, EMBASE, MEDLINE, ASSIA, CINAHL, MIDIRS, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global database, following PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria included studies from developed countries; published after 1992; using a validated measure of PPD; with onset of illness within 12 months of childbirth, but which had persisted past two-weeks postpartum; adolescent mothers < 20 years of age; and risk factor(s) that occurred prior to birth. Results: Fourteen studies were included, ranging from weak-to-strong in quality. Results suggest several risk factors implicated in the onset of adolescent PPD, including prior depression, lack of familial social support, and socio-economic hardship. Conclusions/Limitations: Awareness of risk factors for healthcare professionals working with pregnant adolescents is of high importance to better facilitate early identification and to provide support for adolescents at risk. Future research ought to consider employing prospective longitudinal designs, along with clearly defined, timely and validated measurements of risk factors and PPD. Limitations include only studies published in English and low agreement on the included studies selection bias. DA - 2019/// PY - 2019 DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.041 VL - 246 IS - (Hymas R., rhymas@ed-alumni.net; Girard L.-C.) School of Health in Social Science, Clinical Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom SP - 873 EP - 885 J2 - J. Affective Disord. LA - English SN - 1573-2517 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L2001448101&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.041 KW - poverty KW - anxiety KW - sexual abuse KW - Hispanic KW - social support KW - systematic review KW - review KW - childbirth KW - antenatal depression KW - postnatal depression KW - female KW - human KW - priority journal KW - risk factor KW - social status KW - child parent relation KW - third trimester pregnancy KW - physical abuse KW - ethnicity KW - smoking KW - maternal age KW - maternal stress KW - educational status KW - employment status KW - African American KW - adolescence KW - infant care KW - acculturative stress KW - adolescent mother KW - Black person KW - Caucasian KW - drinking behavior KW - emotionality KW - enculturative stress KW - European American KW - self esteem ER - TY - JOUR TI - Twenty Years of Schizophrenia Research in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966: A Systematic Review AU - Jääskeläinen, E. AU - Haapea, M. AU - Rautio, N. AU - Juola, P. AU - Penttilä, M. AU - Nordström, T. AU - Rissanen, I. AU - Husa, A. AU - Keskinen, E. AU - Marttila, R. AU - Filatova, S. AU - Paaso, T.-M. AU - Koivukangas, J. AU - Moilanen, K. AU - Isohanni, M. AU - Miettunen, J. T2 - Schizophrenia Research and Treatment AB - Birth cohort designs are useful in studying adult disease trajectories and outcomes, such as schizophrenia. We review the schizophrenia research performed in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC 1966), which includes 10,934 individuals living in Finland at 16 years of age who have been monitored since each mother's mid-pregnancy. By the age of 44, 150 (1.4%) had developed schizophrenia. There are 77 original papers on schizophrenia published from the NFBC 1966. The early studies have found various risk factors for schizophrenia, especially related to pregnancy and perinatal phase. Psychiatric and somatic outcomes were heterogeneous, but relatively poor. Mortality in schizophrenia is high, especially due to suicides. Several early predictors of outcomes have also been found. Individuals with schizophrenia have alterations in brain morphometry and neurocognition, and our latest studies have found that the use of high lifetime doses of antipsychotics associated with these changes. The schizophrenia research in the NFBC 1966 has been especially active for 20 years, the prospective study design and long follow-up enabling several clinically and epidemiologically important findings. When compared to other birth cohorts, the research in the NFBC 1966 has offered also unique findings on course and outcome of schizophrenia. DA - 2015/// PY - 2015 DO - 10.1155/2015/524875 VL - 2015 IS - (Jääskeläinen E., erika.jaaskelainen@oulu.fi; Rautio N., nina.rautio@oulu.fi; Nordström T., tanja.nordstrom@oulu.fi; Rissanen I., ina.rissanen@student.oulu.fi; Keskinen E., emmi.keskinen@student.oulu.fi; Marttila R., riikka.marttila@oulu.fi; Filatova S., svetlana.filatova@oulu.fi; Paaso T.-M., tiina-mari.paaso@student.oulu.fi; Miettunen J., jouko.miettunen@oulu.fi) Center for Life Course Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Oulu, Finland J2 - Schizophr. Res. Treat. LA - English SN - 2090-2093 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L604707849&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/524875 KW - social class KW - Finland KW - hospitalization KW - depression KW - violence KW - disability KW - schizophrenia KW - systematic review KW - review KW - risk assessment KW - suicidal ideation KW - follow up KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - cohort analysis KW - publication KW - priority journal KW - risk factor KW - single parent KW - second trimester pregnancy KW - unwanted pregnancy KW - hyperlipidemia KW - seasonal variation KW - sex difference KW - smoking KW - mortality KW - prospective study KW - injury KW - cognition KW - disease course KW - neuroleptic agent KW - psychosis KW - learning KW - unemployment KW - intrauterine growth retardation KW - child development KW - academic achievement KW - anhedonia KW - basal ganglion KW - birth order KW - brain damage KW - brain size KW - central nervous system infection KW - criminal behavior KW - executive function KW - genetic association KW - heredity KW - hippocampus KW - hospital readmission KW - intelligence quotient KW - mental deterioration KW - mental health research KW - mental hospital KW - morphometry KW - motor development KW - motor performance KW - multipara KW - onset age KW - parietal lobe KW - paternal age KW - perinatal morbidity KW - phenotype KW - premotor cortex KW - remission KW - schizotypal personality disorder KW - single nucleotide polymorphism KW - temporal lobe KW - virus infection KW - vitamin D KW - vitamin supplementation KW - working memory ER - TY - JOUR TI - Mother and baby units for schizophrenia AU - Joy, C.B. AU - Saylan, M. T2 - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews AB - Background: Mother and baby units (MBUs) are recommended, in the UK, as an optimal site for treating post partum psychoses. Naturalistic studies suggest poor outcomes for mothers and their children if admission is needed during the first year after birth, but the evidence for the effectiveness of MBUs in addressing the problems faced by both mothers with mental illness and their babies is unclear. Objectives: To review the effects of mother and baby units for mothers with schizophrenia or psychoses needing admission during the first year after giving birth, and their children, in comparison to standard care on a ward without a mother and baby unit. Search strategy: We undertook electronic searches of the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's Register (June 2006). Selection criteria: We included all randomised clinical trials comparing placement on a mother and baby unit compared to any other standard care without attachment to such a unit. Data collection and analysis: If data were available we would have independently extracted data and analysed on an intention-to treat basis; calculated the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of homogeneous dichotomous data using a random effects model, and where possible calculated the number needed to treat (NNT); calculated weighted mean differences (WMD) for continuous data. Main results: Unfortunately, we did not find any relevant studies to include. One non-randomised trial, published in 1961, suggested beneficial effects for those admitted to mother and baby units. For the experimental group, more women were able to care for their baby on their own and experienced fewer early relapses on their return home compared with standard care. Care practices for people with schizophrenia have changed dramatically over the past 40 years and a sensitively designed pragmatic trial is possible and justified. Authors' conclusions: Mother and bay units are reportedly common in the UK but less common in other countries and rare or non-existent in the developing world. However, there does not appear to be any trial-based evidence for the effectiveness of these units. This lack of data is of concern as descriptive studies have found poor outcomes such as anxious attachment and poor development for children of mothers with schizophrenia and a greater risk of the children being placed under supervised or foster care. Effective care of both mothers and babies during this critical time may be crucial to prevent poor clinical and parenting outcomes. Good, relevant research is urgently needed. Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. DA - 2007/// PY - 2007 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD006333 IS - 1 J2 - Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. LA - English SN - 1469-493X UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L351820510&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006333 L4 - http://www.mrw.interscience.wiley.com/cochrane/clsysrev/articles/CD006333/pdf_fs.html KW - quality of life KW - life satisfaction KW - violence KW - Canada KW - suicide KW - schizophrenia KW - Australia KW - New Zealand KW - United Kingdom KW - systematic review KW - Europe KW - review KW - risk assessment KW - evidence based practice KW - human KW - child parent relation KW - mental disease KW - prevalence KW - health care utilization KW - mother child relation KW - maternal care KW - perinatal care KW - outcomes research KW - risk benefit analysis KW - standard KW - relapse KW - puerperal psychosis KW - health care facility KW - child rearing KW - clinical research KW - data analysis KW - foster care KW - harm reduction KW - health care availability KW - health care quality KW - hospital admission KW - institutionalization KW - intermethod comparison KW - mother and baby unit KW - skill KW - validation process ER - TY - JOUR TI - Prevalence and determinants of common antenatal mental disorders among women in India: A systematic review AU - Kalra, H. AU - Tran, T. AU - Romero, L. AU - Chandra, P. AU - Fisher, J. T2 - Archives of Women's Mental Health AB - Background and Aim: Maternal mental health status is a significant public health problem as it influences both maternal and child health. Perinatal research in India has predominantly focused on postnatal depression. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the available evidence about the prevalence, nature and determinants of common antenatal mental disorders (CAMD) among women in India. Methodology:We used a systematic strategy for identification, screening and eligibility of the publications. Medline-Ovid, Psychinfo, Embase were searched for peer-reviewed English language papers published before Nov 17, 2017. Study quality was assessed using Kmet's Critical Assessment. Where possible data were pooled in order to make comparisons based on study methodology, location, type and severity of disorders. Results: In total, 1892 publications were identified. 23 met inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Most studies focused on mood disorders with very limited investigation of anxiety and stress. Prevalence estimates of clinically significant antennal psychiatric morbidity varied widely (7.6-65%), reflecting the study location, participant circumstances and instruments used. The most commonly identified determinants were social factors: unintended or unwanted pregnancy, poor quality of relationship with the intimate partner, domestic violence, financial disadvantage, having a female fetus, history of abortion, and fear of childbirth. Conclusions: CAMD are highly prevalent amongst women in India. The data indicate that mental health should be considered in routine maternal health care in India, as it is in high-income countries. In addition to population-based strategies to improve women's circumstances, screening and timely referral for expert assessment and care are warranted. DA - 2019/// PY - 2019 DO - 10.1007/s00737-019-00996-y VL - 22 IS - 5 SP - 698 EP - 699 J2 - Arch. Women's Ment. Health LA - English SN - 1435-1102 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L631569297&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00737-019-00996-y KW - India KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - abortion KW - female KW - human KW - Medline KW - mental disease KW - PsycINFO KW - controlled study KW - Embase KW - prevalence KW - social aspect KW - maternal care KW - unwanted pregnancy KW - conference abstract KW - fetus KW - physiological stress KW - patient referral KW - morbidity KW - mood disorder KW - English (language) KW - high income country KW - fear of childbirth ER - TY - JOUR TI - MATERNAL PTSD AMONG ADOLESCENTS DURING THE PERINATAL PERIOD: A LITERATURE REVIEW AND DISCUSSION AU - Lao, K.M. AU - Chung, K.M. AU - Zeshan, M. T2 - Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry AB - Objectives: Our objectives in this poster are to: 1) review the available literature on PTSD prevalence among adolescent pregnancy and its implications; and 2) discuss factors that may influence the risk of teen pregnancy and trauma exposure. Methods: PubMed and APA PsycINFO were queried with the key terms “PTSD” and “teenage pregnancy” or “adolescent pregnancy.” Of 260 results, 13 relevant articles were selected for analysis and discussion. The primary inclusion criterion was report of PTSD specific to the adolescent population during the perinatal period. Results: In studies conducted in Brazil, the prevalence of PTSD among pregnant adolescents was 10%, and it was strongly associated with lifetime violence, comorbidity with depression, and substance abuse. No literature was found on the prevalence in the United States. A study in Canada found that 96% of pregnant adolescents reported emotional abuse, 84% physical abuse, 59% sexual abuse, and 88% neglect. Adult vs peer age of the paternal partner did not correlate with rates of reported domestic violence or trauma-related care. Teenage mothers were 2.5 times more likely to have a lifetime behavior disorder and current PTSD, and they had almost twice the odds of having at least 1 anxiety disorder compared with older women at first birth. The higher incidence of PTSD among pregnant teens may be attributed to gestation itself as trauma. One-third of teens appraised childbirth as traumatic, with 50% displaying symptoms suggestive of acute trauma at immediate postpartum. Adolescents who delivered before 38 weeks via cesarean birth reported more symptoms of depression and psychological birth trauma and were more likely to report poor pain control and unsupportive caregivers during labor. PTSD presented more often in teens who aborted pregnancy (30%) than in those who did not abort (13.3%). Further, infants of teens with PTSD were associated with lower birth weights. In review of treatment modalities, 1 trial of trauma-focused CBT for PTSD among pregnant adolescents did not yield significant effects. Conclusions: PTSD prevalence among teenage pregnancy in the United States is unknown. Screening and diagnosing pregnant adolescents for PTSD during the perinatal period is important to prevent the propagation of trauma and address potential health consequences proactively. More research in this field is needed, and we offer discussion questions to reflect on possible contributing systemic factors. PTSD, ADOL DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 DO - 10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.400 VL - 59 IS - 10 SP - S248 J2 - J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry LA - English SN - 1527-5418 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L2008337323&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.400 KW - depression KW - sexual abuse KW - substance abuse KW - prevention KW - Canada KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - emotional abuse KW - childbirth KW - risk assessment KW - perinatal period KW - posttraumatic stress disorder KW - neglect KW - comorbidity KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - incidence KW - male KW - Medline KW - PsycINFO KW - controlled study KW - prevalence KW - birth weight KW - infant KW - adolescent pregnancy KW - cesarean section KW - birth injury KW - physical abuse KW - conference abstract KW - Brazil KW - adolescent KW - adolescent mother KW - behavior disorder KW - caregiver KW - pain ER - TY - JOUR TI - Preconception care: Screening and management of chronic disease and promoting psychological health AU - Lassi, Z.S. AU - Imam, A.M. AU - Dean, S.V. AU - Bhutta, Z.A. T2 - Reproductive Health AB - Conclusion: While prevention and management of the chronic diseases like diabetes and hypertension, through counseling, and other dietary and pharmacological intervention, is important, delivering solutions to prevent and respond to women's psychological health problems are urgently needed to combat this leading cause of morbidity. Introduction. A large proportion of women around the world suffer from chronic diseases including mental health diseases. In the United States alone, over 12% of women of reproductive age suffer from a chronic medical condition, especially diabetes and hypertension. Chronic diseases significantly increase the odds for poor maternal and newborn outcomes in pregnant women. Methods. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence was conducted to ascertain the possible impact of preconception care for preventing and managing chronic diseases and promoting psychological health on maternal, newborn and child health outcomes. A comprehensive strategy was used to search electronic reference libraries, and both observational and clinical controlled trials were included. Cross-referencing and a separate search strategy for each preconception risk and intervention ensured wider study capture. Results: Maternal prepregnancy diabetic care is a significant intervention that reduces the occurrence of congenital malformations by 70% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 59-78%) and perinatal mortality by 69% (95% CI: 47-81%). Furthermore, preconception management of epilepsy and phenylketonuria are essential and can optimize maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes if given before conception. Ideally changes in antiepileptic drug therapy should be made at least 6 months before planned conception. Interventions specifically targeting women of reproductive age suffering from a psychiatric condition show that group-counseling and interventions leading to empowerment of women have reported non-significant reduction in depression (economic skill building: Mean Difference (MD) -7.53; 95% CI: -17.24, 2.18; counseling: MD-2.92; 95% CI: -13.17, 7.33). DA - 2014/// PY - 2014 DO - 10.1186/1742-4755-11-S3-S5 VL - 11 IS - (Lassi Z.S., zohra.lassi@aku.edu; Imam A.M., ayeshaimam09@gmail.com; Dean S.V., sohni.dean@gmail.com; Bhutta Z.A., zulfiqar.bhutta@aku.edu) Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan J2 - Reprod. Health LA - English SN - 1742-4755 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L600060289&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-4755-11-S3-S5 KW - partner violence KW - depression KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - review KW - human KW - screening KW - meta analysis KW - antihypertensive agent KW - corticosteroid KW - folic acid KW - hypertension KW - insulin KW - maternal care KW - premature labor KW - child health KW - counseling KW - asthma KW - thyroxine KW - diabetes mellitus KW - heart disease KW - anticonvulsant therapy KW - anticonvulsive agent KW - antihypertensive therapy KW - aspirin KW - bronchodilating agent KW - carbamazepine KW - chronic disease KW - chronic kidney failure KW - congenital malformation KW - connective tissue disease KW - diet restriction KW - drug use KW - empowerment KW - epilepsy KW - fetus wastage KW - headache KW - insulin treatment KW - lamotrigine KW - multiple sclerosis KW - oral contraceptive agent KW - phenylalanine KW - phenylketonuria KW - prescription drug KW - systemic lupus erythematosus KW - thyroid disease KW - vasoactive agent ER - TY - JOUR TI - Why don't mental health workers talk about sexual health with consumers? Starting the conversation using online learning AU - Livingstone, G. AU - Corbin, B. T2 - Journal of Sexual Medicine AB - Introduction and objectives: People who experience severe and persistent mental health issues are more likely to experience social isolation, reduced opportunities for intimacy and meaningful relationships, and may be more likely to engage in sexual risk taking behaviour and experience higher rates of sexuality transmitted infections, unplanned pregnancy and experiences of sexual violence. Despite this, mental health workers regularly report feeling ill-equipped to have conversations about relationships, intimacy and sexual health. This presentation shares highlights from a project implemented in Brisbane, Australia that aimed to support mental health workers to have more conversations about relationships, intimacy and sexual health with the people they support. Samples of an online learning module designed for mental health workers will be previewed. Methods: The methods include review of literature, survey of mental health workers, focus groups with consumers and one to one interviews. A sexual and mental health collaborative was formed and sought funding to develop an online training module for mental health workers that could be included in induction and as part of ongoing professional development activities. Family Planning Queensland managed the development of the project and developed an online training module. Results: The most common reason for workers who reported that they did not have conversations was their fear of being perceived as crossing a personal/professional boundary. Consumers felt that the main reason workers did not want to address sexual health/relationship issues with them was because the worker was embarrassed. An online training module was developed to address these and other issues that presented as barriers for mental health professionals. Conclusions: A key part of recovery for many people is about the development and maintenance of friendships and other intimate relationships, as well as developing skills to identify healthy/unhealthy situations or relationships and to take the appropriate actions. Mental health professionals are ideally placed to provide support. DA - 2015/// PY - 2015 VL - 12 IS - (Livingstone G.; Corbin B.) Family Planning Queensland, Australia SP - 339 J2 - J. Sex. Med. LA - English SN - 1743-6109 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L619674592&from=export DB - Embase KW - professional development KW - Queensland KW - systematic review KW - sexual health KW - human KW - interview KW - family planning KW - intimacy KW - information processing KW - mental health service KW - learning KW - skill KW - consumer KW - conversation KW - fear KW - friendship KW - funding KW - literature ER - TY - JOUR TI - Preconception care between pregnancies: The content of internatal care AU - Lu, M.C. AU - Kotelchuck, M. AU - Culhane, J.F. AU - Hobel, C.J. AU - Klerman, L.V. AU - Thorp Jr., J.M. T2 - Maternal and Child Health Journal AB - For more than two decades, prenatal care has been a cornerstone of our nation's strategy for improving pregnancy outcomes. In recent years, however, a growing recognition of the limits of prenatal care and the importance of maternal health before pregnancy has drawn increasing attention to preconception and internatal care. Internatal care refers to a package of healthcare and ancillary services provided to a woman and her family from the birth of one child to the birth of her next child. For healthy mothers, internatal care offers an opportunity for wellness promotion between pregnancies. For high-risk mothers, internatal care provides strategies for risk reduction before their next pregnancy. In this paper we begin to define the contents of internatal care. The core components of internatal care consist of risk assessment, health promotion, clinical and psychosocial interventions. We identified several priority areas, such as FINDS (family violence, infections, nutrition, depression, and stress) for risk assessment or BBEEFF (breastfeeding, back-to-sleep, exercise, exposures, family planning and folate) for health promotion. Women with chronic health conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, or weight problems should receive on-going care per clinical guidelines for their evaluation, treatment, and follow-up during the internatal period. For women with prior adverse outcomes such as preterm delivery, we propose an internatal care model based on known etiologic pathways, with the goal of preventing recurrence by addressing these biobehavioral pathways prior to the next pregnancy. We suggest enhancing service integration for women and families, including possibly care coordination and home visitation for selected high-risk women. The primary aim of this paper is to start a dialogue on the content of internatal care. © Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2006. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006 DO - 10.1007/s10995-006-0118-7 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 107 EP - 122 J2 - Matern. Child Health J. LA - English SN - 1573-6628 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L44390777&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-006-0118-7 KW - depression KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - risk assessment KW - article KW - follow up KW - human KW - maternal welfare KW - pregnancy outcome KW - priority journal KW - prenatal care KW - high risk pregnancy KW - practice guideline KW - meta analysis KW - acetylsalicylic acid KW - antibiotic agent KW - breast feeding KW - clinical trial KW - family planning KW - folic acid KW - hypertension KW - insulin KW - maternal care KW - maternal diabetes mellitus KW - placebo KW - preeclampsia KW - premature labor KW - health promotion KW - puerperium KW - physiological stress KW - psychosocial care KW - maternal nutrition KW - vaginitis KW - body weight disorder KW - drug efficacy KW - exercise KW - vitamin supplementation KW - family violence KW - aspirin KW - congenital malformation KW - antiobesity agent KW - azithromycin KW - behavior therapy KW - chickenpox KW - chickenpox vaccine KW - diet therapy KW - diphtheria KW - diphtheria tetanus toxoid KW - fish oil KW - glibenclamide KW - hepatitis B KW - hepatitis B vaccine KW - hydroxyprogesterone caproate KW - immunization KW - low calorie diet KW - low drug dose KW - measles KW - measles vaccine KW - metronidazole KW - mumps KW - mumps vaccine KW - oral antidiabetic agent KW - risk reduction KW - rubella KW - rubella vaccine KW - tetanus ER - TY - JOUR TI - Consequences of maternal morbidity on health-related functioning: A systematic scoping review AU - MacHiyama, K. AU - Hirose, A. AU - Cresswell, J.A. AU - Barreix, M. AU - Chou, D. AU - Kostanjsek, N. AU - Say, L. AU - Filippi, V. T2 - BMJ Open AB - Objectives To assess the scope of the published literature on the consequences of maternal morbidity on health-related functioning at the global level and identify key substantive findings as well as research and methodological gaps. Methods We searched for articles published between 2005 and 2014 using Medline, Embase, Popline, CINAHL Plus and three regional bibliographic databases in January 2015. Design Systematic scoping review Primary outcome Health-related functioning Results After screening 17 706 studies, 136 articles were identified for inclusion. While a substantial number of papers have documented mostly negative effects of morbidity on health-related functioning and well-being, the body of evidence is not spread evenly across conditions, domains or geographical regions. Over 60% of the studies focus on indirect conditions such as depression, diabetes and incontinence. Health-related functioning is often assessed by instruments designed for the general population including the 36-item Short Form or disease-specific tools. The functioning domains most frequently documented are physical and mental; studies that examined physical, mental, social, economic and specifically focused on marital, maternal and sexual functioning are rare. Only 16 studies were conducted in Africa. Conclusions Many assessments have not been comprehensive and have paid little attention to important functioning domains for pregnant and postpartum women. The development of a comprehensive instrument specific to maternal health would greatly advance our understanding of burden of ill health associated with maternal morbidity and help set priorities. The lack of attention to consequences on functioning associated with the main direct obstetric complications is of particular concern. Review registration CRD42015017774 DA - 2017/// PY - 2017 DO - 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013903 VL - 7 IS - 6 J2 - BMJ Open LA - English SN - 2044-6055 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L617143417&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013903 KW - life satisfaction KW - partner violence KW - systematic review KW - stillbirth KW - review KW - postnatal depression KW - female KW - human KW - Human immunodeficiency virus infection KW - outcome assessment KW - maternal welfare KW - World Health Organization KW - meta analysis KW - eclampsia KW - maternal hypertension KW - preeclampsia KW - premature labor KW - spontaneous abortion KW - alcohol consumption KW - anemia KW - screening test KW - puerperium KW - bibliographic database KW - smoking KW - patient health questionnaire KW - pregnancy diabetes mellitus KW - maternal morbidity KW - nausea and vomiting KW - CRD42015017774 KW - cystic fibrosis KW - deep vein thrombosis KW - hyperemesis gravidarum KW - incontinence KW - induced abortion KW - insulin dependent diabetes mellitus KW - obstetric hemorrhage KW - postpartum hemorrhage KW - trophoblastic tumor ER - TY - JOUR TI - Correlation between pregnancy and childbirth complications and the mental health of the children born AU - Madhu, A. AU - Deegan, A. AU - Cawthorpe, D. T2 - European Psychiatry AB - OBJECTIVE: Complications of birth and pregnancy are more than twice as likely among children and adolescents with mental disorder. Using an informatics approach, this study examines the type of mental disorder associated with complications of birth and pregnancy in the local pediatric population (Calgary Research Ethics Board ID: 21695). METHODS: A data set containing physician visit for approximately 240,000 unique individuals from 1994-2009 was employed. Additionally, a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of pediatric mental disorder associated with complications of birth and pregnancy (as a major class of ICD) was undertaken in order to provide an interpretational context. RESULTS: Results from the systematic literature review show that mothers who experience gestational infection, disease or drug exposure had a 3.7-fold increased risk of giving birth to children with mental disorders. Perinatal risk factors and obstetric complications were observed to cause a 1.5-fold increased risk. Emotional violence during pregnancy was seen to correlate with premature birth (an obstetric complication) which belongs to the previous category. Forrest plot also revealed that gestational diabetes and influenza were the leading causes of increasing this risk. In the local pediatric population, the prevalence of offspring born with mental disorders whose mothers experienced pregnancy/childbirth complications increased from 18 individuals/1000 to 28 individuals/1000. CONCLUSION: On average, maternal pregnancy/childbirth complications lead to a 2-fold increased risk of offspring being born with mental disorders. In the local population, the prevalence of mental disorders consequent to pregnancy and childbirth complications has increased by a factor of 1.4 during the 1994-2009 period. DA - 2015/// PY - 2015 VL - 30 IS - (Madhu A.; Cawthorpe D.) Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada SP - 194 J2 - Eur. Psychiatry LA - English SN - 0924-9338 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L71931007&from=export DB - Embase KW - violence KW - mental health KW - pregnancy KW - childbirth KW - risk KW - female KW - human KW - risk factor KW - mental disease KW - psychiatry KW - prevalence KW - prematurity KW - meta analysis KW - child KW - infection KW - mother KW - progeny KW - pregnancy diabetes mellitus KW - adolescent KW - population KW - drug exposure KW - European KW - influenza KW - information science KW - physician KW - research ethics ER - TY - JOUR TI - Disclosure of domestic violence and sexual assault within the context of abortion: Meta-ethnographic synthesis of qualitative studies protocol AU - Mainey, L. AU - Taylor, A. AU - Baird, K. AU - O'Mullan, C. T2 - Systematic Reviews AB - Background: One third of women will have an abortion in their lifetime (Kerr, QUT Law Rev 14:15, 2014; Aston and Bewley, Obstetrician & Gynaecologist 11:163-8, 2009). These women are more likely to have experienced domestic violence or sexual assault than women who continue with their pregnancies. Frontline health personnel involved in the care of women seeking abortions are uniquely positioned to support patients who choose to disclose their violence. Yet, the disclosure of domestic violence or sexual assault within the context of abortion is not well understood. To enhance service provision, it is important to understand the disclosure experience, that is, how frontline health personnel manage such disclosures and how victims/survivors perceive this experience. This review aims to provide a systematic synthesis of qualitative literature to increase understanding of the phenomena and identify research gaps. Methods: A meta-ethnography of qualitative evidence following PRISMA-P recommendations for reporting systematic reviews will be performed to better understand the experiences of domestic violence and sexual assault disclosure from the perspective of frontline health personnel providing support and women seeking an abortion. A three-stage search strategy including database searching, citation searching and Traditional Pearl Growing will be applied starting with the terms "domestic violence", "sexual assault", "disclosure" and "abortion", their common synonyms and MeSH terms. The database search will include CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO. Published studies from 1970, written in English and from all countries will be included. Two reviewers will screen titles and abstracts and if suitable will then perform a full-text review. To attribute weight to each study, two reviewers will perform the critical appraisal using a modified version of the "Guidelines for Extracting Data and Quality Assessing Primary Studies in Educational Research". Data extraction and coding will occur using EPPI-Reviewer 4 and will be carried out by two reviewers. Discussion: The reviewers will illuminate what transpires at the interface when women seeking an abortion in the context of domestic violence and sexual assault meet frontline health personnel. Increased knowledge in this area will improve the frontline health personnel's practices and responsiveness to women who seek out healthcare in the context of violence. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42016051136. DA - 2017/// PY - 2017 DO - 10.1186/s13643-017-0637-x VL - 6 IS - 1 J2 - Syst. Rev. LA - English SN - 2046-4053 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L619715385&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13643-017-0637-x KW - phenomenology KW - domestic violence KW - emotional abuse KW - abortion KW - article KW - female KW - human KW - priority journal KW - practice guideline KW - qualitative research KW - sexual assault KW - ethnographic research KW - nurse patient relationship KW - self evaluation KW - social isolation KW - verbal hostility ER - TY - JOUR TI - Factors influencing repeated teenage pregnancy: a review and meta-analysis AU - Maravilla, J.C. AU - Betts, K.S. AU - Couto e Cruz, C. AU - Alati, R. T2 - American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology AB - Objective: Existing evidence of predictors of repeated teenage pregnancy has not been assessed rigorously. This systematic review provides a comprehensive evaluation of protective and risk factors that are associated with repeated teenage pregnancy through a metaanalytical consensus. Data Sources: We used PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, ProQuest, PsychINFO, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from 1997–2015 and the reference list of other relevant research papers and related reviews. Study Eligibility Criteria: Eligibility criteria included (1) epidemiologic studies that analyzed factors associated with repeated pregnancy or birth among adolescents <20 years of age who were nulliparous or experienced at least 1 pregnancy, and (2) experimental studies with an observational component that was adjusted for the intervention. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods: We performed narrative synthesis of study characteristics, participant characteristics, study results, and quality assessment. We also conducted random-effects and quality-effects metaanalyses with meta-regression to obtain pooled odds ratios of identified factors and to determine sources of between-study heterogeneity. Results: Twenty-six eligible epidemiologic studies, most from the United States (n=24), showed >47 factors with no evidence of publication bias for each metaanalysis. Use of contraception (pooled odds ratio, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.35–1.02), particularly long-acting reversible contraceptives (pooled odds ratio, 0.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.08–0.45), considerably reduced repeated teenage pregnancy risk. Among studies about contraception, the number of follow-up visits (adjusted coefficient, 0.72; P=.102) and country of study (unadjusted coefficient, 2.57; permuted P=.071) explained between-study heterogeneity. Education-related factors, which included higher level of education (pooled odds ratio, 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.60–0.91) and school continuation (pooled odds ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.33–0.84), were found to be protective. Conversely, depression (pooled odds ratio, 1.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.14–1.87), history of abortion (pooled odds ratio, 1.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–2.54), and relationship factors, such as partner support, increased the repeated teenage pregnancy risk. Conclusion: Contraceptive use, educational factors, depression, and a history of abortion are the highly influential predictors of repeated teenage pregnancy. However, there is a lack of epidemiologic studies in low- and middle-income countries to measure the extent and characteristics of repeated teenage pregnancy across more varied settings. DA - 2017/// PY - 2017 DO - 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.04.021 VL - 217 IS - 5 SP - 527 EP - 545.e31 J2 - Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. LA - English SN - 1097-6868 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L616583488&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2017.04.021 KW - depression KW - sexual abuse KW - Australia KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - follow up KW - human KW - cohort analysis KW - cross-sectional study KW - priority journal KW - prenatal care KW - quality control KW - risk factor KW - Beck Depression Inventory KW - practice guideline KW - population research KW - adolescent pregnancy KW - premature labor KW - physical abuse KW - contraceptive behavior KW - case control study KW - observational study KW - Brazil KW - prenatal screening KW - probability KW - repeated pregnancy KW - Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale ER - TY - JOUR TI - Maternal multimorbidity during pregnancy and after childbirth in women in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic literature review AU - McCauley, M. AU - Zafar, S. AU - van den Broek, N. T2 - BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth AB - Background: For every maternal death, 20 to 30 women are estimated to have morbidities related to pregnancy or childbirth. Much of this burden of disease is in women in low- and middle-income countries. Maternal multimorbidity can include physical, psychological and social ill-health. Limited data exist about the associations between these morbidities. In order to address all health needs that women may have when attending for maternity care, it is important to be able to identify all types of morbidities and understand how each morbidity influences other aspects of women’s health and wellbeing during pregnancy and after childbirth. Methods: We systematically reviewed published literature in English, describing measurement of two or more types of maternal morbidity and/or associations between morbidities during pregnancy or after childbirth for women in low- and middle-income countries. CINAHL plus, Global Health, Medline and Web of Science databases were searched from 2007 to 2018. Outcomes were descriptions, occurrence of all maternal morbidities and associations between these morbidities. Narrative analysis was conducted. Results: Included were 38 papers reporting about 36 studies (71,229 women; 60,911 during pregnancy and 10,318 after childbirth in 17 countries). Most studies (26/36) were cross-sectional surveys. Self-reported physical ill-health was documented in 26 studies, but no standardised data collection tools were used. In total, physical morbidities were included in 28 studies, psychological morbidities in 32 studies and social morbidities in 27 studies with three studies assessing associations between all three types of morbidity and 30 studies assessing associations between two types of morbidity. In four studies, clinical examination and/or basic laboratory investigations were also conducted. Associations between physical and psychological morbidities were reported in four studies and between psychological and social morbidities in six. Domestic violence increased risks of physical ill-health in two studies. Conclusions: There is a lack of standardised, comprehensive and routine measurements and tools to assess the burden of maternal multimorbidity in women during pregnancy and after childbirth. Emerging data suggest significant associations between the different types of morbidity. Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO CRD42018079526. DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 DO - 10.1186/s12884-020-03303-1 VL - 20 IS - 1 J2 - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth LA - English SN - 1471-2393 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L2007026524&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-03303-1 KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - pregnancy KW - childbirth KW - article KW - female KW - human KW - risk factor KW - prevalence KW - disease association KW - disease severity KW - self report KW - low income country KW - middle income country KW - maternal morbidity KW - gestational age ER - TY - JOUR TI - Non-authoritatively recommended approaches for primary prevention of preterm birth (PTB) AU - McGregor, J. T2 - Journal of Perinatal Medicine AB - Background: Research identifies important pathways to prevent PTB. Prevention strategies have been vigorously evaluated using evidence-based medicine (EBM) principles, but are not yet recommended as standard clinical or population-based health practices. Goals: 1) Convene a Working Group to identify, apprise, and rank, strategies to inform public health authorities and clinical practices in Metropolitan Los Angeles; 2) Employ a Logic Model approach, which emphasizes community, family, individual and group approaches. We emphasized efficacy, safety, cost/benefit and operational applicability. Methods: We reviewed publications using electronic resources available from 1970-2017. Using Small Group Discussion techniques. We selected and prioritized primary prevention (PP) strategies useful in large diverse U. S. populations served by both public and private providers, not presently recommended by public health or professional medical organizations. Results: We categorized strategies deemed applicable for: a) Broad community/general population, media resources, e.g., disseminating benefits of diet styles and folic acid supplementation; b) Public/community participation, e.g., ensure universal availability of prenatal and family planning services, which can promulgate benefits of “life course” approaches (age > 17; BMI > 18.5 <25; IPI > 18 months). Genitourinary infection treatment/vaccination services, Home Visiting services and specialized Adolescent services. c) Medical providers, e.g., screening for family/stress epigenetic risks (ACEs, IPV, depression) screen/treat/prevent infections, vaginal pH self-testing, vitamin D monitoring/supplementation, prescription of low-dose ASA, group prenatal care and optimized fertility/ART services. Conclusion: To prevent PTB, a working group prioritized EBM informed, but not yet recommended innovations most applicable to the Los Angeles community including: 1) folic acid supplementation and low-dose ASA, as well as vitamin D optimization; 2) Assurance of universal family planning, preconception, perinatal, adolescent, infectious disease and vaccination, nutrition/diet style, and social support services require programmatic support. DA - 2017/// PY - 2017 VL - 45 IS - (McGregor J.) SP - 174 J2 - J. Perinat. Med. LA - English SN - 1619-3997 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L619371650&from=export DB - Embase KW - California KW - social support KW - prevention KW - monitoring KW - systematic review KW - female KW - human KW - publication KW - prenatal care KW - male KW - prematurity KW - family planning KW - folic acid KW - physiological stress KW - nutrition KW - cost benefit analysis KW - prescription KW - adolescent KW - population KW - vitamin D KW - low drug dose KW - self evaluation KW - body mass KW - communicable disease KW - community participation KW - epigenetics KW - fertility KW - organization KW - primary prevention KW - urogenital tract infection KW - vaccination KW - vagina pH ER - TY - JOUR TI - Trauma in pregnancy: An updated systematic review AU - Mendez-Figueroa, H. AU - Dahlke, J.D. AU - Vrees, R.A. AU - Rouse, D.J. T2 - American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology AB - We reviewed recent data on the prevalence, risk factors, complications, and management of trauma during pregnancy. Using the terms "trauma" and "pregnancy" along with specified mechanisms of injury, we queried the PubMed database for studies reported from Jan. 1, 1990, through May 1, 2012. Studies with the largest number of patients for a given injury type and that were population-based and/or prospective were included. Case reports and case series were used only when more robust studies were lacking. A total of 1164 abstracts were reviewed and 225 met criteria for inclusion. Domestic violence/intimate partner violence and motor vehicle crashes are the predominant causes of reported trauma during pregnancy. Management of trauma during pregnancy is dictated by its severity and should be initially geared toward maternal stabilization. Minor trauma can often be safely evaluated with simple diagnostic modalities. Pregnancy should not lead to underdiagnosis or undertreatment of trauma due to unfounded fears of fetal effects. More studies are required to elucidate the safest and most cost-effective strategies for the management of trauma in pregnancy. © 2013 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. DA - 2013/// PY - 2013 DO - 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.01.021 VL - 209 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 10 J2 - Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. LA - English SN - 0002-9378 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L52430470&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2013.01.021 KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Female KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - suicide KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - Pregnancy Complications/*epidemiology KW - trauma KW - Accidental Falls/statistics & numerical data KW - Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data KW - Domestic Violence/statistics & numerical data KW - Incidence KW - management KW - pregnancy KW - Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology KW - Trauma Severity Indices KW - Wounds and Injuries/complications/*epidemiology KW - review KW - human KW - pregnancy outcome KW - pregnant woman KW - priority journal KW - risk factor KW - Medline KW - fetus echography KW - prevalence KW - pregnancy complication KW - cesarean section KW - maternal care KW - traffic accident KW - maternal mortality KW - puerperium KW - prospective study KW - burn KW - falling KW - homicide KW - injury KW - intoxication KW - fetus monitoring KW - penetrating trauma KW - maternal morbidity KW - computer assisted tomography KW - cost effectiveness analysis KW - injury severity KW - patient safety KW - resuscitation ER - TY - JOUR TI - To Study about Depression and Its Prevention among Postnatal Mother in Selected Area of Ahmedabad City, Gujarat AU - Nanjibhai, V.D. AU - Jain, P.M.B. T2 - European Journal of Molecular and Clinical Medicine AB - The disturbance of neuropsychological processes during pregnancy and parturition may cause postpartum depressions in vulnerable individuals. Pre-natal and psychological and instrumental needs are indicated to be poorly met in western society and this crisis can interfere with neurophysiological factors to undermine the functioning of maternal psychology. In relation to neuropsychological women's wellbeing in the time of the transition, the effects of developmental factors and psychological and physical stressors are addressed. The psychobiological shift from pregnancy to successful post-natal parenting, the reconstruction of family and job roles, can be assisted, disregarded and derailed in the environmental milieu. Determining how psychosocial factors impact the link between violence and postpartum depression (PPD) history. Women have received B48 hours of live-born child care from four urban hospitals in Utah. The history has been collected by self-reporting during enrollment of physical or sexual assault. There have also been collected psychosocial covariates, including stressors and depression. Pregnancy stressors were classified using the Pregnancy Risk Assessment System's "stressor" questions. A pre-defined Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score of C12 for 6-8 weeks after partition was taken as the key result indicator. Psycho-social threats were widespread among 1,038 women tested: 11.7% violence history, pregnancy strainorsa-financial 49.1%, emotions 35%, partnership-associated 19.8%, and traumas 10.3% and history of depression 16.7%. Interestingly, the experience of violence was just one of women with a moderate degree of stressors. Missuse and pregnancy stressors are normal and affect the probability of PPD positive testing. DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 VL - 7 IS - 6 SP - 246 EP - 253 J2 - Eur. J. Mol. Clin. Med. LA - English SN - 2515-8260 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L2010205458&from=export DB - Embase KW - depression KW - pregnancy KW - risk assessment KW - perinatal period KW - postnatal depression KW - adult KW - article KW - female KW - human KW - major clinical study KW - outcome assessment KW - physical violence KW - risk factor KW - child care KW - child parent relation KW - controlled study KW - prevalence KW - Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale KW - medical history KW - meta analysis KW - young adult KW - birth KW - self report KW - exposure to violence KW - social psychology KW - antidepressant agent KW - quasi experimental study KW - sexual assault KW - probability KW - data analysis software KW - emotion KW - financial deficit KW - Gujarat KW - mental patient KW - multicenter study KW - neuropsychological test KW - pilot study KW - psychobiology KW - psychological well-being KW - urban hospital KW - Utah ER - TY - JOUR TI - Emotional, behavioral, and developmental features indicative of neglect or emotional abuse in preschool children a systematic review AU - Naughton, A.M. AU - Maguire, S.A. AU - Mann, M.K. AU - Lumb, R.C. AU - Tempest, V. AU - Gracias, S. AU - Kemp, A.M. T2 - JAMA Pediatrics AB - IMPORTANCE Early intervention for neglect or emotional abuse in preschoolers may mitigate lifelong consequences, yet practitioners lack confidence in recognizing these children. OBJECTIVE To define the emotional, behavioral, and developmental features of neglect or emotional abuse in preschoolers. EVIDENCE REVIEW A literature search of 18 databases, 6 websites, and supplementary searching performed from January 1, 1960, to February 1, 2011, identified 22 669 abstracts. Standardized critical appraisal of 164 articles was conducted by 2 independent, trained reviewers. Inclusion criteria were children aged 0 to 6 years with confirmed neglect or emotional abuse who had emotional, behavioral, and developmental features recorded or for whom the carer-child interaction was documented. FINDINGS Twenty-eight case-control (matched for socioeconomic, educational level, and ethnicity), 1 cross-sectional, and 13 cohort studies were included. Key features in the child included the following: aggression (11 studies) exhibited as angry, disruptive behavior, conduct problems, oppositional behavior, and low ego control; withdrawal or passivity (12 studies), including negative self-esteem, anxious or avoidant behavior, poor emotional knowledge, and difficulties in interpreting emotional expressions in others; developmental delay (17 studies), particularly delayed language, cognitive function, and overall development quotient; poor peer interaction (5 studies), showing poor social interactions, unlikely to act to relieve distress in others; and transition (6 studies) from ambivalent to avoidant insecure attachment pattern and from passive to increasingly aggressive behavior and negative self-representation. Emotional knowledge, cognitive function, and language deteriorate without intervention. Poor sensitivity, hostility, criticism, or disinterest characterize maternal-child interactions. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Preschool children who have been neglected or emotionally abused exhibit a range of serious emotional and behavioral difficulties and adverse mother-child interactions that indicate that these children require prompt evaluation and interventions. DA - 2013/// PY - 2013 DO - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.192 VL - 167 IS - 8 SP - 769 EP - 775 J2 - JAMA Pediatr. LA - English SN - 2168-6203 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L369563283&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.192 L4 - http://archpedi.jamanetwork.com/data/Journals/PEDS/927392/prv130010.pdf KW - anxiety KW - systematic review KW - review KW - emotional abuse KW - human KW - cohort analysis KW - cross-sectional study KW - priority journal KW - social status KW - Medline KW - retrospective study KW - mother child relation KW - communication skill KW - physical abuse KW - bibliographic database KW - ethnicity KW - mother KW - health care personnel KW - case control study KW - educational status KW - clinical feature KW - peer group KW - child development KW - emotionality KW - self esteem KW - caregiver KW - aggression KW - disruptive behavior KW - oppositional defiant disorder KW - avoidant personality disorder KW - behavior KW - behavior control KW - brain development KW - child behavior KW - child neglect KW - cognitive defect KW - conduct disorder KW - control KW - dependent personality disorder KW - developmental disorder KW - disorientation KW - failure to thrive KW - high risk infant KW - hostility KW - language ability KW - language delay KW - memory disorder KW - psychosocial disorder KW - psychosocial withdrawal KW - social interaction KW - verbal behavior ER - TY - JOUR TI - A systematic review and meta-analysis of depression in postpartum women in a low-income country; Ethiopia, 2020 AU - Necho, M. AU - Abadisharew, M. AU - Getachew, Y. T2 - Open Public Health Journal AB - Background: Maternal mental health in the postpartum period is essential for the optimal development of the newborn. Despite this, a shortage of concrete evidence exists regarding it. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE were investigated with no time limitation. A manual search for a reference list of articles was also done. Relevant data were extracted using the Meta XL package and analysis was done using Stata-11 meta-prop package. Heterogeneity was checked with Cochran's Q-statistics and the Higgs I 2 test. Results: Sixteen studies were included. The average prevalence of postpartum depression was 21.9%. The pooled prevalence was found to be higher in studies assessed with SRQ-20, i.e 24.6% than studies assessed using PHQ-9, which was 18.9%. Moreover, the pooled prevalence was slightly higher in southern Ethiopia (22.6%) than Addis Ababa (21.2%). Poor marital relation (pooled aOR= 3.56) (95% CI: 2.50, 4.63), unplanned pregnancy (pooled aOR=3.48) (95% CI: 2.18, 4.79), previous history of depression (pooled aOR= 4.33) (95% CI: 2.26, 6.59), poor social support (pooled aOR= 4.5) (95% CI: 3.34, 5.56), and domestic violence were among the associated factors for postpartum depression. Conclusion: More than one in five women were found to have postpartum depression and factors such as poor marital relations, history of depression, poor social support, domestic violence, and unplanned pregnancy were observed to be associated with it. Therefore, maternal postnatal care services should integrate this essential health concern. DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 DO - 10.2174/1874944502013010595 VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - 595 EP - 610 J2 - Open Public Health J. LA - English SN - 1874-9445 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L2005607454&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944502013010595 KW - quality of life KW - partner violence KW - anxiety KW - depression KW - social support KW - Ethiopia KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - reproductive health KW - review KW - human KW - sexual violence KW - priority journal KW - prenatal care KW - quality control KW - questionnaire KW - risk factor KW - prevalence KW - Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale KW - meta analysis KW - mental stress KW - puerperium KW - ethnicity KW - smoking KW - high risk population KW - low income country KW - employment status KW - psychosocial care KW - sensitivity analysis KW - family violence KW - prenatal screening KW - emotion KW - antidepressant activity KW - Patient Health Questionnaire 9 KW - physical activity ER - TY - JOUR TI - Domestic violence and its association with domains of reproductive health in women: A systematic review AU - Nia, A.S.N. AU - Dolatian, M. AU - Azghadi, B.H.P. AU - Ebadi, A. AU - Baghban, A.A. T2 - Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences AB - Background and purpose: Violence is one of the main aspects of gender inequality that is a major barrier to achieving the goals of global reproductive health. It is directly associated with women's access to health care and health outcomes. In a systematic review, we aimed to investigate the articles on the relationship between intimate partner violence and women's reproductive health. Materials and methods: Electronic databases including, Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched for articles published in English between 2010 and 2017. Results: After evaluation, 31 articles were selected. The lowest and highest prevalence of violence was associated with physical violence (2.8%) and psychological violence (75.9%), respectively. Moreover, violence was found to be associated with six domains of reproductive health including, not using contraceptive methods, abortion, genital tract diseases, poor pregnancy outcomes, and not using reproductive health services. Conclusion: Systematic review of studies investigated, showed a strong relationship between domestic violence and major aspects of reproductive health. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent domestic violence in order to promote the health of whole community. DA - 2018/// PY - 2018 VL - 27 IS - 158 SP - 205 EP - 217 J2 - J. Mazandaran Univ. Med. Sci. LA - Persian SN - 1735-9260 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L621156443&from=export DB - Embase KW - partner violence KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - reproductive health KW - review KW - emotional abuse KW - abortion KW - female KW - health service KW - human KW - physical violence KW - pregnancy outcome KW - prevalence KW - vagina disease KW - contraception ER - TY - JOUR TI - Risk Markers for Women's Physical Intimate Partner Violence Victimization in Iran: A Meta-Analysis AU - Nikparvar, F. AU - Spencer, C.M. AU - Stith, S.M. T2 - Violence against women AB - In this study, evidence from 14 studies examines 16 unique risk markers for intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization for Iranian women. Large-to-medium effect sizes were found for emotional abuse victimization, depression, poor mental health, poor physical health, partner's drug use, living in a patriarchal household, and partner having experienced child abuse as risk markers. Higher levels of education and higher levels of household income were significant protective markers against IPV victimization for Iranian women. Partner's education, partner's employment, being employed, being pregnant, age, partner's age, and length of the relationship were not significant risk markers for IPV victimization among Iranian women. DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 DO - 10.1177/1077801220965744 IS - (Nikparvar F.; Spencer C.M.; Stith S.M.) Kansas State University, Manhattan, United States SP - 1077801220965744 J2 - Violence Against Women LA - English SN - 1552-8448 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L633603789&from=export DB - Medline L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801220965744 KW - employment KW - partner violence KW - depression KW - mental health KW - pregnancy KW - Iran KW - emotional abuse KW - child abuse KW - adult KW - article KW - female KW - human KW - meta analysis KW - education KW - effect size KW - household income KW - Iranian people ER - TY - JOUR TI - The intersection of maternal morbidity and mortality and intimate partner violence in the United States AU - Noursi, S. AU - Clayton, J.A. AU - Campbell, J. AU - Sharps, P. T2 - Current Women's Health Reviews AB - Background: In the United States, rates of maternal morbidity and mortality (MMM) are high compared with other high-income countries and are characterized by significant racial/ethnic disparities. Typically, research on MMM focuses on obstetrical problems. Less research examines the role of intimate partner violence (IPV). Maternal health, IPV, and their intersection are linked with the impacts of social determinants of health. Objective: We sought to understand the intersection of MMM and IPV in the United States, particu-larly data issues that hinder research in this area and the resulting knowledge gaps. Methods: We identified major articles of interest regarding maternal morbidity and mortality and IPV in the United States and drafted a mini review based on relevant information. Results: Despite the prevalence of IPV during pregnancy, the intersection of maternal health and IPV has not been widely reviewed or discussed. Conclusion: There are a number of limitations in surveillance activities and data collection that underestimate the impact of IPV on MMM. Importantly, women who die by homicide or suicide— which in many cases is linked with IPV—are not counted as pregnancy-related deaths in the United States under the current definition. Establishing separate panels of local experts in maternal health or maternal mortality review committees (MMRCs) that are dedicated to examining violent deaths and use of the Maternal Mortality Review Information Application system would likely improve data accuracy of pregnancy-associated deaths. Based on the literature reviewed and limitations of current data, there are significant knowledge gaps on the effects of IPV and maternal health. DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 DO - 10.2174/1573404816999200502024742 VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 298 EP - 312 J2 - Curr. Women's Health Rev. LA - English SN - 1875-6581 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L2005052287&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573404816999200502024742 KW - United States KW - partner violence KW - health disparity KW - suicide KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - reproductive health KW - review KW - human KW - rape KW - sexual violence KW - maternal welfare KW - physical violence KW - priority journal KW - risk factor KW - prevalence KW - knowledge KW - maternal mortality KW - ethnicity KW - race KW - sexual coercion KW - homicide KW - health survey KW - health care cost KW - sexual assault KW - maternal morbidity KW - aggression KW - birth control KW - gynecologic infection KW - medical care KW - social determinants of health KW - stalking ER - TY - JOUR TI - Child adversity and epigenetic regulation of asthma related genes: A systematic review AU - Özkan, H. AU - Saygideǧer, Y. T2 - Turkish Thoracic Journal AB - Objectives: There is an accumulating data that shows relation between childhood adversity and chronic diseases as well as epigenetic influences that in turn give rise to these diseases. In this research, we systematically reviewed articles to analyze epigenetic regulations of asthma related genes of physically or sexually abused children. Methods: First, we reviewed the literature for childhood adversity and asthma in population-based researches. We used keywords ("child abuse" OR "child sexual abuse" OR "child physical abuse" OR "child maltreatment" OR "childhood adversity" OR "child neglect") AND (asthma) in NCBI-PubMed to bring together the informative data that shows relation between childhood adversity and asthma. Second, we used the term (epigenetics) instead of (asthma) and repeated the search. We adopted PRISMA guidelines for this systematic review. Only original research articles included and review articles, adversities that are occurred after age of 18, articles that do not have epigenetic analysis, articles that contains only economical adversities and pregnancy adversities are excluded from the study. Initially, 1499 articles retrieved and majority of those articles excluded after reviewing the abstracts and titles and 27 articles are identified which 13 of them had whole genome methyl-ation arrays and 14 had methylation data for single genes or pathways. Finally we retracted significantly methylated genes from each study and evaluated the functions of these genes on Gene Cards and NCBI Gene web sites. We also searched PubMed to assess in-vivo, in-vitro and clinical studies in relation with these differentially methylated genes and asthma. Results: There were 8 population based research articles that showed clues with respiratory diseases and childhood adversities listed. For epigenetic analyses, differentially methylated genes were recorded and analyzed for their role in asthma. The study sample sizes, methods, studied tissues, countries, and significantly differently methylated genes and their possible contribution to asthma is listed. Most of the studies had data for post-traumatic stress disorder genes and focused on hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and immune system related genes. There were at least one asthma related effected gene in each study as well as some of them had multiple effected pathways. Only one study had found no significant relation between childhood adversity and epigenetic regulation after applying multiple statistical corrections. Conclusion: Although child abuse and different types of childhood adversity has been associated with asthma, the underlying pathways for these associations have yet to be fully elucidated. DA - 2019/// PY - 2019 DO - 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2019.223 VL - 20 IS - (Özkan H.) Department of Pediatrics, Başkent University Adana Dr. Turgut Noyan Application and Research Center, Adana, Turkey SP - S223 J2 - Turk Thorac J. LA - English SN - 2149-2530 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L632344589&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2019.223 KW - pregnancy KW - posttraumatic stress disorder KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - Medline KW - controlled study KW - sample size KW - young adult KW - child KW - physical abuse KW - conference abstract KW - child sexual abuse KW - asthma KW - epigenetics KW - child neglect KW - human tissue KW - hypothalamus hypophysis adrenal system KW - immune system KW - in vitro study KW - methylation KW - Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses ER - TY - JOUR TI - Looking back, moving forward: 50 years of South African Medical Research Council alcohol-related publications AU - Parry, C.D. AU - Myers, B. AU - Matzopoulos, R. AU - Morojele, N. AU - Siegfried, N. T2 - South African Medical Journal AB - Background: Alcohol is one of the highest risk factors for death and disability in South Africa (SA). Objective. To explore the trajectory of empirical research on alcohol in SA between 1969 and 2019, with an emphasis on South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) authored publications. Methods: We reviewed published research (Pubmed and Africa-Wide Information) using systematic methods, clear inclusion and exclusion criteria, and defined search terms. The search was not limited by language. Data synthesis was carried out by the first and last authors. Results: A total of 867 journal articles met the inclusion criteria, with 243 (28.0%) authored or co-authored by SAMRC researchers. For the latter group, three-quarters had an SAMRC researcher as first or last author. Over three-quarters (78.6%) of the SAMRC author positions ('first', 'last' or 'other, counting researchers from a unit only once, but counting authors across different units on a single publication) were from intramural units. Over half the articles authored by SAMRC researchers focused on non-communicable diseases (55.9%), 23.8% focused on communicable diseases, and 10% on crime, violence or injury. Few articles focused on alcohol and tuberculosis (TB), alcohol and cancer, or alcohol policy. Over three-quarters (76.9%) were epidemiological in nature, and 65.3% were cross-sectional studies. There were 17 reviews (7 systematic) and 11 randomised controlled trials (RCTs). There was an increase in the annual number of publications over the 50-year period for both SAMRC and non-SAMRC researchers. Over time, there has been a trend towards publishing on alcohol research in journals published outside SA, but the SAMJ still remains a popular journal choice. Conclusion. The SAMRC has contributed substantially to the growing field of alcohol research in SA, but gaps in areas such as alcohol policy evaluation, alcohol and its association with TB and cancer, and interventional research, are evident. DA - 2019/// PY - 2019 DO - 10.7196/SAMJ.2019.v109i11b.14277 VL - 109 IS - 11b SP - 30 EP - 35 J2 - S. Afr. Med. J. LA - English SN - 2078-5135 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L2004577304&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.2019.v109i11b.14277 KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - South Africa KW - human KW - Human immunodeficiency virus infection KW - publication KW - risk factor KW - psychiatry KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - anxiety disorder KW - alcohol consumption KW - medical research KW - child health KW - controlled clinical trial (topic) KW - alcohol KW - psychosis KW - drug therapy KW - emergency care KW - alcoholism KW - communicable disease KW - iron intake KW - metabolic encephalopathy KW - scientific literature ER - TY - JOUR TI - Promotion of mental health among perinatal mexican-american adolescents through health literacy AU - Recto, P. AU - Dimmitt-Champion, J. T2 - Journal of Adolescent Health AB - Purpose: Health literacy is an important component of maternal health because it empowers the individual not only by gaining knowledge, but to seek assistance and early treatment promoting positive health outcomes for mother and child. There is limited research about peri-natal Mexican-American adolescents' knowledge and attitudes concerning perinatal depression. A mixed-methods approached was utilized to understand the phenomenon of adolescent mental health literacy concerning perinatal depression. These methods included a quantitative review of the literature, a secondary analysis of existing quantitative data, a theoretical analysis of two health literacy frameworks, and an instrumentation study. This body of work utilized various methods to understand adolescent mental health literacy concerning perinatal depression. Methods: A secondary analysis of data obtained via randomized con-trolled trial of Mexican-American females (n = 461) between the ages of 14-18 years who had self-reported histories of high-risk sexual behavior, sexual transmitted infection, and interpersonal violence was conducted. Analyses identified associated risk factors for psycholog-ical distress among Mexican-American female adolescents. The systematic review examined psychosocial risk factors for depression among adolescents during pregnancy and postpartum. A literature search was conducted from five databases inclusive of years from 1995-2016. A total of 17 studies were included that matched the inclusion criteria. Study designs, sample characteristics, reliability of depression instruments, and potential risk factors for perinatal depression were described. The theoretical analysis of two health literacy frameworks by Paasche-Orlow and Wolf's, and that of Jorm's were examined for origin, parsimony, meaning, generalizability, testability, logical adequacy, and usefulness. A health literacy conceptual model was proposed using both frameworks. The instrumentation study assessed the mental health literacy of perinatal female ado-lescents (n = 30) using a modified mental health literacy scale (MHLS). The MHLS is a 33-item survey which includes each component from Jorm's mental health literacy framework. The assessment consisted of Mexican-American female adolescents and were recruited from metropolitan public health clinics and parenting programs from urban high schools. Results: Findings from the secondary analysis identified high psychological distress, and thus a need for mental health literacy as a component of sexual health among Mexican-American adolescent females experiencing interpersonal violence, high-risk sexual behavior, and pregnancy. Lack of social support, perceived stress, prior history of depression, and a history of sexual or physical violence were most frequently identified as potential risk factors for perinatal depression. Findings from the instrumentation study indicated moderate mental health literacy. However, further examination of each MHLS subscale revealed limited knowledge regarding professional help, and fewer positive attitudes concerning mental health disorders among adolescents who reported never having perinatal depression. Conclusions: While the importance of health literacy is acknowledged in the literature, it has not been widely explored among Mexican-American female adolescents. Results indicate further examination and understanding of mental health literacy among perinatal adolescents using a qualitative approach. Mental health literacy is an important life skill that adolescent mothers can attain to prevent and manage perinatal depression. Interventions that take into consideration their cultural beliefs and values may be most effec-tive in engaging Mexican-American adolescents in mental health promotion. Sources of Support: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. DA - 2018/// PY - 2018 VL - 62 IS - 2 SP - S59 EP - S60 J2 - J. Adolesc. Health LA - English SN - 1879-1972 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L620799327&from=export DB - Embase KW - reliability KW - social support KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - sexual health KW - perinatal depression KW - sexual behavior KW - female KW - human KW - physical violence KW - risk factor KW - child parent relation KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - sexually transmitted disease KW - public health KW - mental stress KW - distress syndrome KW - conference abstract KW - literacy KW - adolescent KW - high school KW - adolescent mother KW - study design KW - health literacy KW - Mexican American KW - secondary analysis KW - theoretical study ER - TY - JOUR TI - Pregestational diabetes, fetal surveillance, and current guidelines: A systematic review of the literature AU - Richter, H. AU - Grivell, R. T2 - Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology AB - Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic syndrome characterized by an abnormal response to glucose, secondary to a deficiency of, or reduced efficacy of, insulin, or both. Pregestational diabetes refers to the presence of type 1 or 2 diabetes in a woman before she becomes pregnant, the prevalence of which is likely 2-5% of pregnant Australians. The sequelae of diabetes in pregnancy are varied and can include severe maternal and fetal consequences. We performed a systematic review of the literature with the aim being to s guidelines for fetal surveillance in pregestational diabetes, the levels of evidence behind the guidelines, and to determine whether new recommendations have arisen regarding fetal surveillance in pregestational diabetes. Methods: Wcompiled, using the search term 'pregestational diabetes'. We assessed the level of evidence underpinning each guideline. Results: Table 3 groups guideline recommendations for fetal surveillance by time of gestation. Many discrepancies exist between the individual guidelines. We were unable to establish whether outcomes fare better, or worse, with different fetal surveillance regimes. Discussion: More evidence is needed to guide clinicians as to what forms of fetal monitoring confer better outcomes for women with pregestational diabetes and their newborns, and guidelines should reflect this. Some guidelines have highlighted potential research questions for the field. Finally, more research is needed to investigate the level of power that DV-PVIV may have in predicting negative outcomes. DA - 2018/// PY - 2018 DO - 10.1111/ajo.12874 VL - 58 IS - (Richter H.) Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, Australia SP - 72 J2 - Aust. New Zealand J. Obstet. Gynaecol. LA - English SN - 1479-828X UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L624372034&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajo.12874 KW - systematic review KW - newborn KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - prevalence KW - practice guideline KW - conference abstract KW - fetus KW - pregnancy diabetes mellitus KW - Australian KW - complication KW - fetus monitoring KW - clinician ER - TY - JOUR TI - ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES AND FATHERHOOD: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF PUBLISHED REPORTS AU - Romanowicz, M. T2 - Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry AB - Objectives: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are common and known to be associated with many mental and physical health issues. Limited research points to ACEs and their impact on maternal stress, and almost no scholarships have been devoted to the topic of ACEs in fathers and their impact on parenting practices. Methods: PsycINFO, Medline, Embase, and Scopus were searched comprehensively for studies published from January 2009 through January 2019 that reviewed the effects of paternal ACE scores on parenting practices (prenatal–16 years). Results: Of 175 unique studies, 4 evaluated the effects of trauma on parenting and fatherhood as the primary outcome, but only one study used the ACE questionnaire during pregnancy for expecting fathers. Fathers who reported higher ACE scores were more likely to report depressive and anxious symptomatology in the context of expecting a baby. Two papers explored the effects of child sexual abuse on males’ perception of fatherhood. One paper discussed childhood abuse and intimate partner violence victimization in fathers. Conclusions: Data on ACEs in current or prospective fathers are highly limited. More research is needed confirm the relationship between ACEs and stress in parenting in fathers and to inform practices. CAN, EC, RF DA - 2019/// PY - 2019 DO - 10.1016/j.jaac.2019.07.783 VL - 58 IS - 10 SP - S332 J2 - J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry LA - English SN - 1527-5418 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L2003280469&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2019.07.783 KW - partner violence KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - female KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - child parent relation KW - male KW - Medline KW - PsycINFO KW - Embase KW - infant KW - child KW - conference abstract KW - physiological stress KW - child sexual abuse KW - father KW - injury KW - Scopus KW - Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire KW - perception KW - symptomatology ER - TY - JOUR TI - The incidence of twin-twin transfusion syndrome in the first trimester: A systematic review of literature AU - Rossi, A.C. AU - D'Addario, V. T2 - Prenatal Diagnosis AB - OBJECTIVES: Recent literature shows that twintwin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) may be predicted as early as 11-14 gestational weeks by assessment of crown-rump length (CRL), nuchal translucency (NT) and ductus venosus (DV). It is reasonable to assume that if signs of TTTS are present since the first trimester, also the syndrome is present. Therefore, diagnosis of first trimester TTTS (FT-TTTS) rather than prediction of second trimester TTTS (ST-TTTS) is feasible. The aim of this review was to calculate the incidence of FT-TTTS reported in literature. METHOD: Articles aimed to predict TTTS by 11-14 weeks ultrasound were searched in PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, reference lists (January 2000 - December 2011). Inclusion criteria for study selection were: TTTS defined as oligo/polyhydramnios sequence, prediction of TTTS with CRL, NT and DV at 11-14 gestational weeks, no chromosomal or structural anomalies in both the twins. Exclusion criteria were: omission of at least one inclusion criterion, case reports, data reported in graphs or percentage, non-English language publications. Key words were: TTTS, first trimester screening, CRL, NT, DV, monochorionic twins. From each article, the incidence of ST-TTTS, number of predicted TTTS, sonographic screening modality to predict TTTS were abstracted. PRISMA guidelines were followed. RESULTS: Seven articles were reviewed. Inter-studies heterogeneity was noted due to the screening modality: NT/CRL inter-twin discordance, NT>99th centile in at least one twin, NT>95th centile in at least one twin, NT discordance >20% were used to predict ST-TTTS. DV was defined as absent or reverse in all the studies. Overall, there were 1262 screened monochorionic twin pregnancies. ST-TTTS was diagnosed in 294 (23%). Signs of FT-TTTS were found in 83 twin sets (28%) that developed ST-TTTS. CONCLUSIONS: In 28% of cases, TTTS is present since the first trimester. Further studies are needed to standardize diagnostic criteria of first trimester TTTS. Randomized clinical trials are also required to assess whether in these 28% of first trimester TTTS cases, laser therapy is associated with optimal outcomes when performed as soon as it becomes technically feasible or when the oligo/polyhydramnios sequence occurs. DA - 2012/// PY - 2012 DO - 10.1111/j.1097-0223.2012.03905.x VL - 32 IS - (Rossi A.C.; D'Addario V.) University of Bari, Bari, Italy SP - 9 EP - 10 J2 - Prenat. Diagn. LA - English SN - 0197-3851 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L70791258&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1097-0223.2012.03905.x KW - systematic review KW - society KW - human KW - Medline KW - screening KW - crown rump length KW - ductus venosus KW - nuchal translucency measurement KW - prediction KW - twin twin transfusion syndrome KW - first trimester pregnancy KW - second trimester pregnancy KW - diagnosis KW - ultrasound KW - language KW - blood transfusion reaction KW - case report KW - clinical trial (topic) KW - low level laser therapy KW - prenatal diagnosis KW - therapy KW - twin discordance KW - twin pregnancy KW - twins ER - TY - JOUR TI - Homeless adolescent mothers: A systematic review of the literature AU - Scappaticci, A.L.S.S. AU - Blay, S.L. T2 - Revista de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul AB - Little is known about mothers who are homeless during pregnancy and motherhood. This study is a review of the epidemiological literature about this increasing phenomenon. Articles were identifi ed by searching the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, Lilacs, SciELO, PsychINFO, CINHAL, ERIC and Sociological Abstracts: 19 studies were retrieved. The studies showed a wide heterogeneity of objectives and methods, and mainly revealed that teenagers have high rates of substance abuse, mental disorders, lack of social support, sexual behavior, physical and sexual violence, troublesome pregnancy and mother-child interaction. Our methodological review found few articles about this population. Homeless adolescent mothers are extensively exposed to violence, drug abuse, and risk of physical and mental health problems. Further studies are needed about this topic, mainly involving culturally different populations, focusing on stigma and intervention methods for this group of women. Copyright © Revista de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul - APRS. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010 DO - 10.1590/S0101-81082010000100002 VL - 32 IS - 1 SP - 3 EP - 15 J2 - Rev. Psiqiatr. Rio Grande Sul LA - Portuguese SN - 0101-8108 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L359354167&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81082010000100002 L4 - http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rprs/v32n1/v32n1a02.pdf KW - stigma KW - Risk Factors KW - Social Support KW - risk factors KW - substance abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - social support KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - Mothers KW - Adolescent Attitudes KW - adolescent mothers KW - homeless KW - Homeless KW - Psychosexual Behavior KW - sexual behavior KW - female KW - human KW - mental disease KW - mother child relation KW - adolescent pregnancy KW - homelessness KW - adolescent mother ER - TY - JOUR TI - Maternal mental health in Australia and New Zealand: A review of longitudinal studies AU - Schmied, V. AU - Johnson, M. AU - Naidoo, N. AU - Austin, M.-P. AU - Matthey, S. AU - Kemp, L. AU - Mills, A. AU - Meade, T. AU - Yeo, A. T2 - Women and Birth AB - Aim: The aim of this paper is to describe the factors that impact on the mental health of Australian and New Zealand (NZ) women in the perinatal period (pregnancy and the year following birth), and to determine the impact of perinatal mental health on women's subsequent health by summarising findings from prospective longitudinal studies conducted in Australia and NZ. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using the databases, Scopus, Medline, PsychInfo and Health Source to identify prospective longitudinal studies focused on women's social and emotional health in the perinatal period. Forty-eight papers from eight longitudinal studies were included. Results: The proportion of women reporting depressive symptoms in the first year after birth was between 10 and 20% and this has remained stable over 25 years. The two strongest predictors for depression and anxiety were previous history of depression and poor partner relationship. Importantly, women's mood appears to be better in the first year after birth, when compared to pregnancy and five years later. Becoming a mother at a young age is by itself not a risk factor unless coupled with social disadvantage. Women report a high number of stressors in pregnancy and following birth and the rate of intimate partner violence reported is worryingly high. Conclusion: Midwives have an important role in the identification, support and referral of women experiencing mental health problems. As many women do not seek help from mental health services, the potential for a known midwife to impact on women's mental health warrants further examination. © 2013. DA - 2013/// PY - 2013 DO - 10.1016/j.wombi.2013.02.006 VL - 26 IS - 3 SP - 167 EP - 178 J2 - Women Birth LA - English SN - 1871-5192 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L52535975&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2013.02.006 KW - partner violence KW - social support KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - review KW - perinatal period KW - postnatal depression KW - human KW - maternal welfare KW - priority journal KW - risk factor KW - health care utilization KW - anxiety disorder KW - unwanted pregnancy KW - parenthood KW - Australia and New Zealand ER - TY - JOUR TI - Adverse Childhood Experiences and Blood Pressure in Women in the United States: A Systematic Review AU - Scott, J. AU - McMillian-Bohler, J. AU - Johnson, R. AU - Simmons, L.A. T2 - Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health AB - Introduction: Elevated blood pressure is a leading contributor to adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Some studies suggest there is an association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and subsequent elevated blood pressure in adulthood. The literature specific to ACEs and blood pressure in women has not been synthesized; thus the purpose of this systematic review was to examine what is known about the association between ACEs and blood pressure in women living in the United States. Methods: In collaboration with a medical librarian, a systematic search of the literature published between January 1998 and December 2019 was conducted. Original, peer-reviewed publications were identified from PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases. Studies were excluded if they (1) were conducted outside the United States, (2) measured acute stress or adult stressors, or (3) measured childhood- or pregnancy-related outcomes. Results: Of 1740 articles, 12 publications met criteria for inclusion in this study, 8 of which were from cohort studies. Racial and ethnic diversity was limited, with half of the articles in this review consisting of samples that were majority white. Of the studies that used a self-reported history of hypertension, 60% obtained significant associations with ACEs, compared with only 30% of the studies that had objective blood pressure data. ACEs were associated with lower blood pressure in 3 studies. Discussion: More research is needed to elucidate the relationship between ACEs and elevated blood pressure. Inconsistencies in the findings may be related to the measurement of blood pressure, assessment of ACEs, and population characteristics. Future studies should incorporate diverse population-representative samples with consideration for sex- or race-specific stressors such as pregnancy or racism and their potential influence on blood pressure. Health care providers may consider the history of ACEs as part of screening for cardiovascular risk factors among female patients, especially younger women presenting with elevated blood pressure. DA - 2021/// PY - 2021 DO - 10.1111/jmwh.13213 VL - 66 IS - 1 SP - 78 EP - 87 J2 - J. Midwifery Women's Health LA - English SN - 1542-2011 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L2010475346&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.13213 KW - United States KW - systematic review KW - review KW - emotional abuse KW - child abuse KW - health behavior KW - human KW - priority journal KW - risk factor KW - prevalence KW - antihypertensive agent KW - hypertension KW - physical abuse KW - child sexual abuse KW - exposure to violence KW - childhood adversity KW - blood pressure KW - elevated blood pressure ER - TY - JOUR TI - The relationship between the social determinants of health and preterm birth in Iran based on the WHO model: A systematic review and meta-analysis AU - Sharifi, N. AU - Dolatian, M. AU - Kazemi, A.F.N. AU - Pakzad, R. T2 - International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences AB - Objectives: Despite medical advances in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, preterm birth is still a global problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the social determinants of health and preterm birth in Iran based on the WHO model. Materials and Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed based on the studies conducted in Iran. An advanced search was carried out in seven databases (Iranmedex, Magiran, SID, Irandoc, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus) for relevant articles published during 2000-2016 using the keywords ‘social determinants of health’, ‘preterm birth’, and their Persian equivalents and MeSH terms. All the articles were screened by 2 of the researchers in 3 steps. After looking for relevant articles based on the reference list, quality assessment was performed using a STROBE checklist. After extracting the required data, they were combined using a random model and the heterogeneity of the studies was evaluated using the I2 index and the data were analyzed in STATA-11. Results: A total of 16 studies were included in the analysis of the relationship between the intermediate determinants of health and preterm birth; however, only 6 truly investigated the relationship between structural determinants and preterm birth. The overall odds ratios for the relationship of the structural and intermediate social determinants of health with preterm birth were estimated as 1.43 (0.84%-2.41%: 95% CI) and 2.17 (1.75%-2.68%: 95% CI). The results showed that preterm birth was more common in women with anxiety, depression, unwanted pregnancies, poor health behaviors (smoking, the use of alcohol and drugs), inadequate prenatal care, and those who were abused and exposed to secondhand tobacco smoke (P<0.05). Conclusions: The results of the reviewed studies suggest that preterm birth is a common problem associated with several social determinants of health. Life skills, self-care training, and increased prenatal care are therefore recommended to reduce preterm birth, especially in high-risk pregnant women. DA - 2018/// PY - 2018 DO - 10.15296/ijwhr.2018.19 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 113 EP - 122 J2 - Int. J. Women's Health Reproduction Sci. LA - English SN - 2330-4456 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L621567739&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2018.19 KW - anxiety KW - depression KW - social support KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - review KW - health behavior KW - female KW - human KW - pregnancy outcome KW - prenatal care KW - quality control KW - risk factor KW - World Health Organization KW - food insecurity KW - meta analysis KW - premature labor KW - unwanted pregnancy KW - health education KW - passive smoking KW - data extraction KW - alcoholism KW - drug use KW - social determinants of health KW - dispersity KW - occupation KW - urban population ER - TY - JOUR TI - Gestational diabetes and its relationship with social determinants of health according to world health organization model: Systematic review AU - Sharifi, N. AU - Dolatian, M. AU - Mahmoodi, Z. AU - Nasrabadi, F.M. T2 - Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility AB - Introduction: Gestational diabetes is a growing health problem around the world and is one of the most common complications of pregnancy which have many negative impacts on mother and fetus. This study was performed with aim to investigate the articles which have been published on gestational diabetes and the relationship of gestational diabetes with social determinants of health in Iran. Methods: In this systematic review, the published articles in databases such as Iranmedex, Magiran, SID, Irandoc, Pubmed and Google Scholar were searched. Comprehensive search was done with the Keywords of Gestational Diabetes, Risk factors, structural determinants, Intermediary determinants, Prevalence, Iran for Persian articles and their English equivalents for English article. After completion of searching and evaluation of the articles by a checklist, 42 articles which were performed from 2000 to 2015 in Iran were enrolled in study. Results: Among 42 assessed articles, 14 articles reported GDM related factors, 8 articles reported GDM related factors and prevalence of GDM and 20 articles only reported the prevalence of gestational diabetes. The prevalence of GDM has been reported between 1.25 to 29.9%. GDM related factors in the articles included structural determinants (education, occupation, income, social class and ethnicity), intermediate determinants (stress, social support, violence, food insecurity and incorrect health behaviors) and health cares. Conclusion: Gestational diabetes is a common problem which is associated with several factors of social determinants of health. Therefore, adopting appropriate interventions in many cases including training, self-care and increasing pregnancy care seems to be necessary to reduce theses consequences and their following complications in high risk people. DA - 2017/// PY - 2017 DO - 10.22038/ijogi.2017.8443 VL - 19 IS - 40 SP - 6 EP - 18 J2 - Iran. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Infertil. LA - Persian SN - 2008-2363 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L614786454&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijogi.2017.8443 KW - social class KW - income KW - violence KW - social support KW - systematic review KW - review KW - health behavior KW - human KW - World Health Organization KW - prevalence KW - food insecurity KW - education KW - ethnicity KW - maternal stress KW - pregnancy diabetes mellitus KW - social determinants of health KW - occupation KW - attitude to pregnancy KW - self care ER - TY - JOUR TI - Predictors of drinking during pregnancy: A systematic review AU - Skagerstróm, J. AU - Chang, G. AU - Nilsen, P. T2 - Journal of Women's Health AB - Background: Many pregnant women continue to drink alcohol despite clinical recommendations and public health campaigns about the risks associated with alcohol use during pregnancy. This review examines the predictors of prenatal alcohol use, with the long-term goal of developing more effective preventive efforts. Methods: A literature search of several databases for relevant articles was undertaken. Studies were included if they occurred in the context of antenatal care, collected data during the woman's pregnancy (between 1999 and 2009), investigated predictors of any drinking, had a population-based orientation (e.g., did not focus only on high-risk drinkers), and were published in English in a scientific peer-reviewed journal between 1999 and 2009. Results: Fourteen studies published between 2002 and 2009 fulfilled the inclusion criteria (United States, 4; Europe, 4; Australia and New Zealand, 3; Japan, 2; and Uganda, 1). The predictors of prenatal alcohol use most consistently identified were prepregnancy alcohol consumption and having been abused or exposed to violence. Less consistent predictors of drinking during pregnancy were high income/social class and positive dependence screen. Unemployment, marital status, and education level were examined in many studies but found to be predictive only infrequently. Conclusions: Women's prepregnancy alcohol consumption (i.e., quantity and frequency of typical drinking) and exposure to abuse or violence were consistently associated with drinking during pregnancy. Antenatal care providers should assess these factors for improved detection of women at risk for alcohol-exposed pregnancies. © Copyright 2011, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. DA - 2011/// PY - 2011 DO - 10.1089/jwh.2010.2216 VL - 20 IS - 6 SP - 901 EP - 913 J2 - J. Women's Health LA - English SN - 1540-9996 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L361971340&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2010.2216 KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - human KW - priority journal KW - prenatal care KW - quality control KW - questionnaire KW - prediction KW - alcohol consumption KW - prenatal exposure KW - educational status KW - marriage KW - drinking behavior ER - TY - JOUR TI - Factors affecting antiretroviral therapy adherence among HIV-positive pregnant and postpartum women: An adapted systematic review AU - Vitalis, D. T2 - International Journal of STD and AIDS AB - Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial for effective treatment, but can be quite complex. Non-adherence can adversely affect treatment outcomes. Although many studies have been done on adherence in the general population, few have included HIV-positive pregnant and postpartum women in resource-constrained settings. This review assessed the evidence on adherence among these groups of women. A systematic search of databases was completed between June and July 2011. Both qualitative and quantitative studies were included. Eighteen studies from a total of 6622 satisfied the inclusion criteria that included inter alia facilitators and barriers to adherence. This review highlighted that there is still no consensus on the definition and measurement of adherence; also multiple factors can affect a woman's ability to adhere to ART. Some of the barriers and facilitators identified were similar in both the type of study (qualitative and quantitative) and among the various countries. Findings indicated that the few studies in this population are conducted primarily in resource-rich settings. Such paucity of information warrants urgent attention; thus targeted research is needed to provide insight on adherence within this population. © The Author(s) 2013 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav. DA - 2013/// PY - 2013 DO - 10.1177/0956462412472807 VL - 24 IS - 6 SP - 427 EP - 432 J2 - Int. J. STD AIDS LA - English SN - 0956-4624 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L370229543&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462412472807 KW - poverty KW - depression KW - violence KW - social support KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - human KW - Human immunodeficiency virus infection KW - outcome assessment KW - pregnant woman KW - priority journal KW - risk factor KW - interpersonal communication KW - highly active antiretroviral therapy KW - puerperium KW - child health KW - maternal age KW - progeny KW - drug safety KW - Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient KW - qualitative research KW - vitamin supplementation KW - fear KW - patient compliance KW - self concept KW - antiretrovirus agent KW - finance KW - medication compliance KW - quantitative study KW - religion KW - teratogenesis ER - TY - JOUR TI - Nature of, and responses to key sexual and reproductive health challenges for adolescents in urban slums in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review AU - Wado, Y.D. AU - Bangha, M. AU - Kabiru, C.W. AU - Feyissa, G.T. T2 - Reproductive Health AB - Background: Addressing adolescents' sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) requires an understanding of the socio-cultural and spatial settings within which they live. One setting of particular importance is the informal settlements or 'slums' that are gradually dominating the urban space. We undertook a scoping review and synthesis of existing evidence on adolescent SRHR in slums in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) focusing on the characteristics and nature of existing evidence. Methods: The scoping review was conducted based on Arksey and O'Malley framework and in accordance with the guidance on scoping reviews from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and using PRISMA reporting guidelines for scoping reviews. A comprehensive search was undertaken in PubMed, POPLINE, African Journals Online (AJOL), Bioline International and Google Scholar. The search was confined to studies published in peer reviewed journals and reports published online between January 2000 and May 2019. Studies were included in the review if they addressed SRHR issues among adolescents living in urban slums in SSA. Results: The review included a total of 54 studies. The majority (79.5%) of studies were quantitative. The bulk of studies (85.2%) were observational studies with only eight intervention studies. While half (27) of the studies focused exclusively on adolescents (10-19 years), 12 studies combined adolescents with other young people (10-24 years). The studies were skewed towards sexual behavior (44%) and HIV/AIDS (43%) with very few studies focusing on other SRHR issues such as contraception, abortion, gender-based violence and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) other than HIV. Most of the studies highlighted the significantly higher risks for poor SRHR outcomes among adolescents in slums as compared to their peers in other settlements. Conclusion: Young people growing up in slums face tremendous challenges in relation to their SRHR needs resulting in poor outcomes such as early and unintended pregnancy, STIs, and sexual violence. The results of this review point to several potential target areas for programming, policy, and research aimed at improved adolescent SRHR in slums in SSA. DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 DO - 10.1186/s12978-020-00998-5 VL - 17 IS - 1 J2 - Reprod. Health LA - English SN - 1742-4755 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L632995727&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12978-020-00998-5 KW - violence KW - reproductive health KW - sexual health KW - review KW - abortion KW - sexual behavior KW - human KW - Human immunodeficiency virus infection KW - urban area KW - sexually transmitted disease KW - Africa south of the Sahara KW - acquired immune deficiency syndrome KW - contraception KW - quantitative study ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cognitive biases in processing infant emotion by women with depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder in pregnancy or after birth: A systematic review AU - Webb, R. AU - Ayers, S. T2 - Cognition and Emotion AB - Perinatal psychological problems such as post-natal depression are associated with poor mother–baby interaction, but the reason for this is not clear. One explanation is that mothers with negative mood have biased processing of infant emotion. This review aimed to synthesise research on processing of infant emotion by pregnant or post-natal women with anxiety, depression or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Systematic searches were carried out on 11 electronic databases using terms related to negative affect, childbirth and perception of emotion. Fourteen studies were identified which looked at the effect of depression, anxiety and PTSD on interpretation of infant emotional expressions (k = 10), or reaction times when asked to ignore emotional expressions (k = 4). Results suggest mothers with depression and anxiety are more likely to identify negative emotions (i.e., sadness) and less accurate at identifying positive emotions (i.e., happiness) in infant faces. Additionally, women with depression may disengage faster from positive and negative infant emotional expressions. Very few studies examined PTSD (k = 2), but results suggest biases towards specific infant emotions may be influenced by characteristics of the traumatic event. The implications of this research for mother–infant interaction are explored. DA - 2015/// PY - 2015 DO - 10.1080/02699931.2014.977849 VL - 29 IS - 7 SP - 1278 EP - 1294 J2 - Cogn. Emot. LA - English SN - 1464-0600 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L600753583&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2014.977849 KW - anxiety KW - violence KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - childbirth KW - posttraumatic stress disorder KW - perinatal depression KW - article KW - human KW - pregnant woman KW - priority journal KW - child parent relation KW - war KW - distress syndrome KW - mother KW - adulthood KW - emotion KW - perception KW - affect KW - brain function KW - brain processing KW - cognitive bias KW - reaction time ER - TY - JOUR TI - Maternal history of childhood sexual abuse and preterm birth: An epidemiologic review AU - Wosu, A.C. AU - Gelaye, B. AU - Williams, M.A. T2 - BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth AB - Background: History of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is highly prevalent with as many as one in four American women being victims. Exposure to CSA or other early life traumatic experiences has been associated with adverse reproductive and pregnancy outcomes. However, the effects of CSA on preterm delivery (PTB), a leading cause of neonatal mortality, remain poorly understood. The objectives of this review are (i) to synthesize the available research investigating the relationship between maternal history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and preterm delivery (PTB); (ii) to provide suggestions for improving future research on this topic; and (iii) to highlight implications for clinical practice and public health. Methods: Relevant articles were identified through searches of four electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science Core Collection and BIOSIS Online) for studies published before March 2014, as well as through reviewing references of published articles. Results: A total of six studies published from 1992 to 2010 were included in this review. Overall, findings were inconsistent. Three studies reported statistically significant associations of CSA with PTB (<37 weeks gestation) or shorter mean gestational age at birth. Women with a history of CSA had 2.6 to 4.8-fold increased odds of PTB as compared with women without a history of CSA. Three other studies did not observe statistically significant differences in rates of PTB or mean gestational age at birth in relation to a history of CSA. Conclusions: Available evidence on this topic is sparse and inconsistent, and limited by a number of methodological challenges. Given the ubiquity of CSA, as well as the clinical and public health significance of PTB, more rigorously designed epidemiologic studies on the association between CSA and PTB are warranted. DA - 2015/// PY - 2015 DO - 10.1186/s12884-015-0606-0 VL - 15 IS - 1 J2 - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth LA - English SN - 1471-2393 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L605601107&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-015-0606-0 KW - depression KW - substance abuse KW - social support KW - systematic review KW - article KW - human KW - pregnancy outcome KW - prevalence KW - age KW - premature labor KW - life event KW - alcohol consumption KW - victim KW - physical abuse KW - child sexual abuse KW - maternal stress KW - hydrocortisone KW - gestational age ER - TY - JOUR TI - Biological and psychosocial predictors of postpartum depression: Systematic review and call for integration AU - Yim, I.S. AU - Tanner Stapleton, L.R. AU - Guardino, C.M. AU - Hahn-Holbrook, J. AU - Dunkel Schetter, C. T2 - Annual Review of Clinical Psychology AB - Postpartum depression (PPD) adversely affects the health and well being of many new mothers, their infants, and their families. A comprehensive understanding of biopsychosocial precursors to PPD is needed to solidify the current evidence base for best practices in translation. We conducted a systematic review of research published from 2000 through 2013 on biological and psychosocial factors associated with PPD and postpartum depressive symptoms. Two hundred fourteen publications based on 199 investigations of 151,651 women in the first postpartum year met inclusion criteria. The biological and psychosocial literatures are largely distinct, and few studies provide integrative analyses. The strongest PPD risk predictors among biological processes are hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal dysregulation, inflammatory processes, and genetic vulnerabilities. Among psychosocial factors, the strongest predictors are severe life events, some forms of chronic strain, relationship quality, and support from partner and mother. Fully integrated biopsychosocial investigations with large samples are needed to advance our knowledge of PPD etiology. DA - 2015/// PY - 2015 DO - 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-101414-020426 VL - 11 IS - (Yim I.S., ilona.yim@uci.edu) Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States SP - 99 EP - 137 J2 - Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol. LA - English SN - 1548-5951 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L603518810&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-101414-020426 KW - partner violence KW - social support KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - risk assessment KW - postnatal depression KW - article KW - female KW - human KW - risk factor KW - Medline KW - PsycINFO KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - high risk pregnancy KW - meta analysis (topic) KW - practice guideline KW - psychology KW - human relation KW - life event KW - puerperium KW - social psychology KW - disease classification KW - marriage KW - conceptual framework KW - emotional attachment KW - complication KW - hydrocortisone KW - genetic association KW - family violence KW - life stress KW - epigenetics KW - amine oxidase (flavin containing) isoenzyme A KW - hypothalamus hypophysis adrenal system KW - immune system KW - endocrine disease KW - family conflict KW - beta endorphin KW - biological functions KW - brain derived neurotrophic factor KW - C reactive protein KW - catechol methyltransferase KW - catecholamine KW - chronic stress KW - circadian rhythm KW - clinical assessment KW - clinical evaluation KW - community integration KW - corticotropin KW - corticotropin releasing factor KW - cytokine KW - endocrine function KW - estrogen receptor KW - etiology KW - genetic analysis KW - genetic risk KW - glucocorticoid KW - hormone receptor KW - inflammation KW - interpersonal stress KW - oxytocin KW - parental stress KW - pathophysiology KW - patient risk KW - patient satisfaction KW - perceived stress KW - postpartum thyroiditis KW - progesterone KW - prolactin KW - psychiatric treatment KW - psychological model KW - serotonin KW - social network KW - stress hormone KW - terminal disease KW - testosterone KW - thyroid gland ER - TY - JOUR TI - Prevalence and associated factors of antenatal depression: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses AU - Yin, X. AU - Sun, N. AU - Jiang, N. AU - Xu, X. AU - Gan, Y. AU - Zhang, J. AU - Qiu, L. AU - Yang, C. AU - Shi, X. AU - Chang, J. AU - Gong, Y. T2 - Clinical Psychology Review AB - To evaluate the global prevalence of antenatal depression and clarify its potential associated factors, we conducted two systematic reviews and meta-analyses, where appropriate. PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were used to identify studies published up to Feb 28, 2019. The pooled prevalence of any antenatal depression across 173 studies with 182 reports was 20.7% (95% CI 19.4–21.9%, P = 0.000, I2 = 98.4%), and the pooled prevalence of major antenatal depression across 72 studies with 79 reports was 15.0% (95% CI 13.6–16.3%, P = 0.000, I2 = 97.8%). The prevalence of antenatal depression was higher in low- or lower-middle-income countries, and in studies using self-report instruments or conducted after the year 2010. History of depression, lack of social support, single/separated/divorced status, unplanned pregnancy, unemployment, experience of violence, and smoking before or during pregnancy were significantly associated with antenatal depression. The results of our study indicated that a significant number of pregnant women experience depression and verified some factors that are related to this disorder. As countermeasures, it is important to develop effective risk assessment strategies as well as prevention and intervention strategies for antenatal depression based on its associated factors. DA - 2021/// PY - 2021 DO - 10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101932 VL - 83 IS - (Yin X.; Sun N.; Jiang N.; Gan Y.; Zhang J.; Qiu L.; Yang C.; Gong Y., gongyanhong@hust.edu.cn) School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China J2 - Clin. Psychol. Rev. LA - English SN - 1873-7811 UR - https://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&id=L2008492931&from=export DB - Embase L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101932 KW - Intervention KW - Major Depression KW - Pregnancy KW - social support KW - systematic review KW - review KW - Interventions KW - Antenatal depression KW - Antepartum Period KW - Associated factors KW - Global prevalence KW - risk assessment KW - antenatal depression KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - pregnant woman KW - male KW - Medline KW - Embase KW - prevalence KW - unplanned pregnancy KW - meta analysis KW - smoking KW - self report KW - exposure to violence KW - middle income country KW - unemployment KW - Web of Science KW - divorced person ER - TY - JOUR TI - Exploring the State of Gender-Centered Health Research in the Context of Refugee Resettlement in Canada: A Scoping Review. AU - Zivot, Chloe AU - Dewey, Cate AU - Heasley, Cole AU - Srinivasan, Sharada AU - Little, Matthew T2 - International journal of environmental research and public health AB - Interdisciplinary health research that investigates gender as a relational process is necessary to facilitate a safe and healthy resettlement process for refugees in Canada. This scoping review explores the range, nature, and extent of published research examining gender in relation to refugee health during resettlement in Canada. An initial search of six databases yielded 7325 articles published before June 2019. A total of 34 articles published between 1988 and 2019 were included for in-depth review. Articles meeting inclusion criteria primarily focused on refugee women. Categories of focus included maternal health, social and emotional health, health impacts of sexual and gender-based violence and torture, access to health and social services, decision-making and health-seeking behavior, mental health, and sexual and reproductive health. Our thematic analysis identified connections between gender roles, expectations, ideals, and health through interactions and lived experiences within the family, community, and healthcare system. Review findings suggest that many refugee women are influenced by pervasive gender roles and expectations as well as exposed to gendered health systems and practices that may pose risks to health, particularly mental health and access to services. Further efforts should be made to understand processes and experiences of resilience and community building in countering negative impacts of gendered beliefs and practices on health during resettlement. DA - 2020/10/15/ PY - 2020 DO - 10.3390/ijerph17207511 VL - 17 IS - 20 J2 - Int J Environ Res Public Health LA - eng SN - 1660-4601 1661-7827 KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Adolescent KW - Child KW - Female KW - Sex Factors KW - Pregnancy KW - Canada KW - Delivery of Health Care KW - *Refugees KW - *family health KW - *forced migration KW - *gender KW - *global health KW - *public health KW - *refugee resettlement KW - *Sexual Health KW - *Torture KW - *women’s health KW - Health Services Research ER - TY - JOUR TI - A review on the evidence of transgenerational transmission of posttraumatic stress disorder vulnerability. AU - Yahyavi, Seyyed Taha AU - Zarghami, Mehran AU - Marwah, Urvashi T2 - Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) AB - OBJECTIVE: To understand the risks of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) development in the next generation of PTSD patients, we conducted a review on the biological, but not genetic, evidence of transgenerational transmission of PTSD vulnerability. METHODS: Pertinent articles published from 1985 to September 2011 were searched using online academic search engines, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, OVID, PsycLIT, and SCOPUS, and a non-systematic review was conducted. RESULTS: There is paradoxical evidence that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis changes in PTSD patients may also be evident in their offspring. This effect and biological vulnerability to PTSD may be transmitted across generations through maternal epigenetic programming during pregnancy. The samples of most studies, which were not large enough and represented the outcome of few research groups, consisted of a specific type of patients with a particular trauma. CONCLUSIONS: There is still a need to conduct studies in other geographical areas with different genetic background and larger samples considering different types of trauma other than those specified in the current literature, so as to strengthen the evidence of transgenerational transmission of PTSD vulnerability. DA - 2014/03//Jan- undefined PY - 2014 DO - 10.1590/1516-4446-2012-0995 VL - 36 IS - 1 SP - 89 EP - 94 J2 - Braz J Psychiatry LA - eng SN - 1809-452X 1516-4446 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2012-0995 L4 - http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbp/v36n1/1516-4446-rbp-1516-4446-2012-0995.pdf KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Risk Factors KW - Female KW - Life Change Events KW - Stress KW - Violence KW - Pregnancy KW - Intergenerational Relations KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic KW - *Intergenerational Relations KW - Adult Children KW - Holocaust/psychology KW - Hydrocortisone/*analysis KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/*etiology/genetics/psychology KW - Violence/psychology KW - posttraumatic stress disorder KW - Posttraumatic Stress Disorder KW - Aggressive Behavior KW - biological markers KW - Biological Markers KW - Holocaust KW - Hydrocortisone KW - neuroendocrinology KW - Neuroendocrinology KW - Posttraumatic stress disorder KW - stress KW - Transgenerational Patterns KW - violence/aggression KW - article KW - human KW - risk factor KW - survivor KW - disease severity KW - physical abuse KW - treatment outcome KW - hydrocortisone KW - disease transmission KW - epigenetic repression ER - TY - JOUR TI - Antenatal psychosocial risk factors associated with adverse postpartum family outcomes. AU - Wilson, L. M. AU - Reid, A. J. AU - Midmer, D. K. AU - Biringer, A. AU - Carroll, J. C. AU - Stewart, D. E. T2 - CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne AB - OBJECTIVE: To determine the strength of the association between antenatal psychosocial risk factors and adverse postpartum outcomes in the family, such as assault of women by their partner, child abuse, postpartum depression, marital dysfunction and physical illness. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, Cinahl, Famli, Psych Abstracts and the Oxford Database of Perinatal Trials were searched from relevant articles published from Jan. 1, 1980, to Dec. 31, 1993, with the use of MeSH terms "depression, involutional," "child abuse," "child neglect," "domestic violence," "family," "marital adjustment," "family health," "newborn health," "child health," "physical illness," "social support," "psychosocial risk," "prediction," "risk factors," "obstetrics" and "prenatal care." Further articles were identified from bibliographies. STUDY SELECTION: Of the 370 articles identified through the search, 118 were included for review. Studies were included if they examined the association between psychosocial risk factors and the outcomes of interest. Articles were excluded if they were reviews of poor quality or they had one or more of the following features: insufficient description of the sample, a high attrition rate, a lack of standardized outcome measures, outcomes other than the ones of interest or results that had already been reported in a previous study. DATA EXTRACTION: The strength of evidence of each study was evaluated. On the basis of the evidence, each risk factor was assigned a rating of the strength of its association with each of the postpartum outcomes. The ratings were class A (good evidence of association), class B (fair evidence) and class C (no clear evidence). Of the 129 antenatal psychosocial risk factors studied, 15 were found to have a class A association with at least one of the postpartum outcomes. DATA SYNTHESIS: Child abuse and abuse of the mother by her partner were most strongly correlated (class A evidence) with a history of lack of social support, recent life stressors, psychiatric disturbance in the mother and an unwanted pregnancy. Child abuse was also strongly associated with a history of childhood violence in the mother or her partner, previous child abuse by the mother's partner, a poor relationship between the mother and her parents, low self-esteem in the mother and lack of attendance at prenatal classes. Postpartum abuse of the mother was also associated with a history of abuse of the mother, prenatal care not started until the third trimester and alcohol or drug abuse by the mother or her partner (class A evidence). Child abuse had a fair (class B) association with poor marital adjustment or satisfaction, current or past abuse of the mother and alcohol or drug abuse by the mother or her partner. There was class B evidence supporting an association between abuse of the mother and poor marital adjustment, traditional sex-role expectations, a history of childhood violence in the mother or her partner and low self-esteem in the mother. Postpartum depression was most strongly associated with poor marital adjustment, recent life stressors, antepartum depression (class A evidence), but was also associated with lack of social support, abuse of the mother and a history of psychiatric disorder in the mother (class B evidence). Marital dysfunction was associated with poor marital adjustment before the birth and traditional sex-role expectations (class A evidence), and physical illness was correlated with recent life stressors (class B evidence). CONCLUSIONS: Psychosocial risk factors during the antenatal period may herald postpartum morbidity. Research is required to determine whether detection of these risk factors may lead to interventions that improve postpartum family outcomes. DA - 1996/03/15/ PY - 1996 VL - 154 IS - 6 SP - 785 EP - 799 J2 - CMAJ LA - eng SN - 0820-3946 1488-2329 KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Risk Factors KW - Child KW - Female KW - Social Support KW - Child, Preschool KW - Parent-Child Relations KW - Life Change Events KW - *Child Abuse/psychology KW - *Domestic Violence/psychology KW - *Marriage/psychology KW - Depression/*etiology KW - Ethanol/poisoning KW - Family/*psychology KW - Mental Disorders/complications KW - Mother-Child Relations KW - Outcome Assessment, Health Care KW - Pregnancy, Unwanted/psychology KW - Pregnancy/*psychology KW - Prenatal Care KW - Puerperal Disorders/*etiology KW - Self Concept KW - Social Adjustment KW - Spouse Abuse/psychology KW - Substance-Related Disorders/complications ER - TY - JOUR TI - Maternal support following childhood sexual abuse: Links to parent-reported children's outcomes. AU - Wamser-Nanney, Rachel T2 - Child abuse & neglect AB - Maternal support is touted to play a critical role in predicting children's symptom trajectories following sexual abuse disclosure. Yet, a recent meta-analysis indicates that this widely held belief may actually have limited empirical support. The lack of correspondence between maternal support and children's symptoms may be the result of the limitations of the prior literature including the use of maternal support measures with inadequate psychometric properties. The aim of the present study was to utilize the only published measure with sufficient psychometrics properties, the Maternal Self-Report Support Questionnaire (MSSQ; Smith et al., 2010), to determine the relationships between maternal support and demographic and family characteristics, parent-reported children's symptoms, and aspects of the traumatic event in a treatment-seeking sample. The sample included 252 treatment-seeking children (M=8.86, SD=3.85; 67.5% female, 59.5% White) and their mothers, who completed the MSSQ and other measures at pre-treatment. Mothers of older children, White children, and mothers with greater educational attainment reported higher levels of Emotional Support. Single mothers were more likely to report higher levels of Blame/Doubt than married mothers. Characteristics of the traumatic event, such as sexual abuse duration and number of sexual abuse incidents were negatively correlated with Emotional Support. Maternal support was related to relatively few of children's symptoms and was not associated with levels of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Although several demographic and family characteristics may be related to maternal support, it is a relatively weak predictor of children's outcomes. DA - 2017/05//undefined PY - 2017 DO - 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.02.023 VL - 67 SP - 44 EP - 53 J2 - Child Abuse Negl LA - eng SN - 1873-7757 0145-2134 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Self Report KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Adolescent KW - Child KW - Female KW - Demography KW - Family Characteristics KW - Emotions KW - Child Abuse, Sexual/*psychology KW - Mother-Child Relations/*psychology KW - Psychometrics KW - *Children’s symptoms KW - *Maternal support KW - *Parental blame KW - *Sexual abuse KW - Disclosure KW - Mothers/psychology KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychology ER - TY - JOUR TI - Postpartum depression in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AU - Upadhyay, Ravi Prakash AU - Chowdhury, Ranadip AU - Salehi, Aslyeh AU - Sarkar, Kaushik AU - Singh, Sunil Kumar AU - Sinha, Bireshwar AU - Pawar, Aditya AU - Rajalakshmi, Aarya Krishnan AU - Kumar, Amardeep T2 - Bulletin of the World Health Organization AB - OBJECTIVE: To provide an estimate of the burden of postpartum depression in Indian mothers and investigate some risk factors for the condition. METHODS: We searched PubMed®, Google Scholar and Embase® databases for articles published from year 2000 up to 31 March 2016 on the prevalence of postpartum depression in Indian mothers. The search used subject headings and keywords with no language restrictions. Quality was assessed via the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. We performed the meta-analysis using a random effects model. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression was done for heterogeneity and the Egger test was used to assess publication bias. FINDINGS: Thirty-eight studies involving 20 043 women were analysed. Studies had a high degree of heterogeneity (I(2)  = 96.8%) and there was evidence of publication bias (Egger bias = 2.58; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.83-4.33). The overall pooled estimate of the prevalence of postpartum depression was 22% (95% CI: 19-25). The pooled prevalence was 19% (95% CI: 17-22) when excluding 8 studies reporting postpartum depression within 2 weeks of delivery. Small, but non-significant differences in pooled prevalence were found by mother's age, geographical location and study setting. Reported risk factors for postpartum depression included financial difficulties, presence of domestic violence, past history of psychiatric illness in mother, marital conflict, lack of support from husband and birth of a female baby. CONCLUSION: The review shows a high prevalence of postpartum depression in Indian mothers. More resources need to be allocated for capacity-building in maternal mental health care in India. DA - 2017/10/01/ PY - 2017 DO - 10.2471/BLT.17.192237 VL - 95 IS - 10 SP - 706 EP - 717C J2 - Bull World Health Organ LA - eng SN - 1564-0604 0042-9686 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.17.192237 KW - Humans KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Child KW - Female KW - Social Support KW - Pregnancy KW - Depression, Postpartum/*epidemiology/psychology KW - Domestic Violence/psychology/*statistics & numerical data KW - India/epidemiology KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Mothers/*psychology KW - Spouses KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - postnatal depression KW - article KW - follow up KW - human KW - quality control KW - risk factor KW - mental disease KW - prevalence KW - Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale KW - psychological aspect KW - Newcastle-Ottawa scale KW - family conflict ER - TY - JOUR TI - Intimate Partner Violence and Depression Symptom Severity among South African Women during Pregnancy and Postpartum: Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study. AU - Tsai, Alexander C. AU - Tomlinson, Mark AU - Comulada, W. Scott AU - Rotheram-Borus, Mary Jane T2 - PLoS medicine AB - BACKGROUND: Violence against women by intimate partners remains unacceptably common worldwide. The evidence base for the assumed psychological impacts of intimate partner violence (IPV) is derived primarily from studies conducted in high-income countries. A recently published systematic review identified 13 studies linking IPV to incident depression, none of which were conducted in sub-Saharan Africa. To address this gap in the literature, we analyzed longitudinal data collected during the course of a 3-y cluster-randomized trial with the aim of estimating the association between IPV and depression symptom severity. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We conducted a secondary analysis of population-based, longitudinal data collected from 1,238 pregnant women during a 3-y cluster-randomized trial of a home visiting intervention in Cape Town, South Africa. Surveys were conducted at baseline, 6 mo, 18 mo, and 36 mo (85% retention). The primary explanatory variable of interest was exposure to four types of physical IPV in the past year. Depression symptom severity was measured using the Xhosa version of the ten-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. In a pooled cross-sectional multivariable regression model adjusting for potentially confounding time-fixed and time-varying covariates, lagged IPV intensity had a statistically significant association with depression symptom severity (regression coefficient b = 1.04; 95% CI, 0.61-1.47), with estimates from a quantile regression model showing greater adverse impacts at the upper end of the conditional depression distribution. Fitting a fixed effects regression model accounting for all time-invariant confounding (e.g., history of childhood sexual abuse) yielded similar findings (b = 1.54; 95% CI, 1.13-1.96). The magnitudes of the coefficients indicated that a one-standard-deviation increase in IPV intensity was associated with a 12.3% relative increase in depression symptom severity over the same time period. The most important limitations of our study include exposure assessment that lacked measurement of sexual violence, which could have caused us to underestimate the severity of exposure; the extended latency period in the lagged analysis, which could have caused us to underestimate the strength of the association; and outcome assessment that was limited to the use of a screening instrument for depression symptom severity. CONCLUSIONS: In this secondary analysis of data from a population-based, 3-y cluster-randomized controlled trial, IPV had a statistically significant association with depression symptom severity. The estimated associations were relatively large in magnitude, consistent with findings from high-income countries, and robust to potential confounding by time-invariant factors. Intensive health sector responses to reduce IPV and improve women's mental health should be explored. DA - 2016/01//undefined PY - 2016 DO - 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001943 VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - e1001943 J2 - PLoS Med LA - eng SN - 1549-1676 1549-1277 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001943 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Young Adult KW - Cluster Analysis KW - partner violence KW - sexual abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - Prospective Studies KW - Cohort Studies KW - mental health KW - *Population Surveillance KW - *Severity of Illness Index KW - Depression/diagnosis/epidemiology/*psychology KW - Intimate Partner Violence/*psychology KW - Postpartum Period/*psychology KW - Pregnancy Complications/diagnosis/epidemiology/*psychology KW - South Africa/epidemiology KW - pregnancy KW - South Africa KW - female KW - human KW - major clinical study KW - outcome assessment KW - cohort analysis KW - pregnant woman KW - childhood KW - screening KW - controlled study KW - Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale KW - clinical trial KW - child KW - disease severity KW - model KW - secondary analysis KW - controlled clinical trial KW - explanatory variable KW - exposure KW - latent period KW - randomized controlled trial KW - South African KW - statistical model KW - Xhosa (people) ER - TY - JOUR TI - Maternal exposure to violence and offspring neurodevelopment: A systematic review. AU - Toso, Kristin AU - de Cock, Paul AU - Leavey, Gerard T2 - Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology AB - BACKGROUND: Stress during pregnancy is known to affect fetal neurodevelopment. It seems likely therefore that intimate partner violence (IPV) and domestic violence (DV) as extreme stressors will have a similarly adverse effect. OBJECTIVES: A systematic review was conducted to assess the association between prenatal exposure to violence for mothers and developmental difficulties in their children. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, PsycInfo, CINAHL, ERIC, Science Direct, SCOPUS, PsyARTICLES, Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, Women's Studies International and Gender Studies Database were all searched using the agreed search terms. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: We include studies of women who have experienced any violence, fear of violence or aggression while pregnant, including emotional, psychological, physical or sexual violence in the context of IPV or DV. Studies were excluded if the neurodevelopmental outcomes of the offspring were not assessed. Studies from all countries were included, in English or translated to English, and search dates were not restricted. We included all years from inception of the database until the search date. SYNTHESIS: Study design and biases, assessment tools, management of confounding, results and overall quality were assessed. RESULTS: We identified 11 papers reporting on observational studies. Almost three quarters of the studies found a relationship between prenatal exposure to violence and developmental difficulties in the offspring. Differing assessment tools were used with a range of data collected and not all adjusted their findings for the same confounders. CONCLUSIONS: Current evidence on the relationship between prenatal violence exposure, as IPV or DV, and consequent child developmental disorders remains limited. Future research using comprehensive study designs, larger samples and longitudinal follow-up of the offspring could clarify this association. While maternal trauma resulting from exposure to violence may play an important role in childhood development disorders, additional intervening factors on the pathway need further explored. DA - 2020/03//undefined PY - 2020 DO - 10.1111/ppe.12651 VL - 34 IS - 2 SP - 190 EP - 203 J2 - Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol LA - eng SN - 1365-3016 0269-5022 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12651 KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Female KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - mental health KW - *domestic violence KW - *Exposure to Violence KW - *impaired development KW - *intimate partner violence KW - *maternal stress KW - *mental health KW - *neurodevelopment KW - *prenatal KW - *violence KW - Correlation of Data KW - Developmental Disabilities/*epidemiology KW - Pregnant Women/*psychology KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*epidemiology KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - review KW - emotional abuse KW - maternal exposure KW - follow up KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - sexual violence KW - physical violence KW - maternal stress KW - prenatal exposure KW - progeny KW - developmental disorder KW - nervous system development ER - TY - JOUR TI - Proceedings of the 3rd IPLeiria's International Health Congress : Leiria, Portugal. 6-7 May 2016. AU - Tomás, Catarina Cardoso AU - Oliveira, Emanuel AU - Sousa, D. AU - Uba-Chupel, M. AU - Furtado, G. AU - Rocha, C. AU - Teixeira, A. AU - Ferreira, P. AU - Alves, Celeste AU - Gisin, Stefan AU - Catarino, Elisabete AU - Carvalho, Nelma AU - Coucelo, Tiago AU - Bonfim, Luís AU - Silva, Carina AU - Franco, Débora AU - González, Jesús Alcoba AU - Jardim, Helena G. AU - Silva, Rita AU - Baixinho, Cristina L. AU - Presado, Mª Helena AU - Marques, Mª Fátima AU - Cardoso, Mário E. AU - Cunha, Marina AU - Mendes, Joana AU - Xavier, Ana AU - Galhardo, Ana AU - Couto, Margarida AU - Frade, João G. AU - Nunes, Carla AU - Mesquita, João R. AU - Nascimento, Maria S. AU - Gonçalves, Guilherme AU - Castro, Conceição AU - Mártires, Alice AU - Monteiro, Mª João AU - Rainho, Conceição AU - Caballero, Francisco P. AU - Monago, Fatima M. AU - Guerrero, Jose T. AU - Monago, Rocio M. AU - Trigo, Africa P. AU - Gutierrez, Milagros L. AU - Milanés, Gemma M. AU - Reina, Mercedes G. AU - Villanueva, Ana G. AU - Piñero, Ana S. AU - Aliseda, Isabel R. AU - Ramirez, Francisco B. AU - Ribeiro, Andrea AU - Quelhas, Ana AU - Manso, Conceição AU - Caballero, Francisco P. AU - Guerrero, Jose T. AU - Monago, Fatima M. AU - Santos, Rafael B. AU - Jimenez, Nuria R. AU - Nuñez, Cristina G. AU - Gomez, Inmaculada R. AU - Fernandez, Mª Jose L. AU - Marquez, Laura A. AU - Moreno, Ana L. AU - Huertas, Mª Jesus Tena AU - Ramirez, Francisco B. AU - Seabra, Daniel AU - Salvador, Mª Céu AU - Braga, Luciene AU - Parreira, Pedro AU - Salgueiro-Oliveira, Anabela AU - Arreguy-Sena, Cristina AU - Oliveira, Bibiana F. AU - Henriques, Mª Adriana AU - Santos, Joana AU - Lebre, Sara AU - Marques, Alda AU - Festas, Clarinda AU - Rodrigues, Sandra AU - Ribeiro, Andrea AU - Lumini, José AU - Figueiredo, Ana G. AU - Hernandez-Martinez, Francisco J. AU - Campi, Liliana AU - Quintana-Montesdeoca, Mª Pino AU - Jimenez-Diaz, Juan F. AU - Rodriguez-De-Vera, Bienvenida C. AU - Parente, Alexandra AU - Mata, Mª Augusta AU - Pereira, Ana Mª AU - Fernandes, Adília AU - Brás, Manuel AU - Pinto, Mª Rosário AU - Parreira, Pedro AU - Basto, Marta L. AU - Rei, Ana C. AU - Mónico, Lisete M. AU - Sousa, Gilberta AU - Morna, Clementina AU - Freitas, Otília AU - Freitas, Gregório AU - Jardim, Ana AU - Vasconcelos, Rita AU - Horta, Lina G. AU - Rosa, Roger S. AU - Kranz, Luís F. AU - Nugem, Rita C. AU - Siqueira, Mariana S. AU - Bordin, Ronaldo AU - Kniess, Rosiane AU - Lacerda, Josimari T. AU - Guedes, Joana AU - Machado, Idalina AU - Almeida, Sidalina AU - Zilhão, Adriano AU - Alves, Helder AU - Ribeiro, Óscar AU - Amaral, Ana P. AU - Santos, Ana AU - Monteiro, Joana AU - Rocha, Mª Clara AU - Cruz, Rui AU - Amaral, Ana P. AU - Lourenço, Marina AU - Rocha, Mª Clara AU - Cruz, Rui AU - Antunes, Sandra AU - Mendonça, Verónica AU - Andrade, Isabel AU - Osório, Nádia AU - Valado, Ana AU - Caseiro, Armando AU - Gabriel, António AU - Martins, Anabela C. AU - Mendes, Fernando AU - Cabral, Lídia AU - Ferreira, Manuela AU - Gonçalves, Amadeu AU - Luz, Tatiana D. AU - Luz, Leonardo AU - Martins, Raul AU - Morgado, Alice AU - Vale-Dias, Maria L. AU - Porta-Nova, Rui AU - Fleig, Tânia C. AU - Reuter, Éboni M. AU - Froemming, Miriam B. AU - Guerreiro, Sabrina L. AU - Carvalho, Lisiane L. AU - Guedelha, Daniel AU - Coelho, P. AU - Pereira, A. AU - Calha, António AU - Cordeiro, Raul AU - Gonçalves, Ana AU - Certo, Ana AU - Galvão, Ana AU - Mata, Mª Augusta AU - Welter, Aline AU - Pereira, Elayne AU - Ribeiro, Sandra AU - Kretzer, Marcia AU - Jiménez-Díaz, Juan-Fernando AU - Jiménez-Rodríguez, Carla AU - Hernández-Martínez, Francisco-José AU - Rodríguez-De-Vera, Bienvenida-Del-Carmen AU - Marques-Rodrigues, Alexandre AU - Coelho, Patrícia AU - Bernardes, Tiago AU - Pereira, Alexandre AU - Sousa, Patrícia AU - Filho, João G. AU - Nazario, Nazare AU - Kretzer, Marcia AU - Amaral, Odete AU - Garrido, António AU - Veiga, Nélio AU - Nunes, Carla AU - Pedro, Ana R. AU - Pereira, Carlos AU - Almeia, António AU - Fernandes, Helder M. AU - Vasconcelos, Carlos AU - Sousa, Nelson AU - Reis, Victor M. AU - Monteiro, M. João AU - Mendes, Romeu AU - Pinto, Isabel C. AU - Pires, Tânia AU - Gama, João AU - Preto, Vera AU - Silva, Norberto AU - Magalhães, Carlos AU - Martins, Matilde AU - Duarte, Mafalda AU - Paúl, Constança AU - Martín, Ignácio AU - Pinheiro, Arminda A. AU - Xavier, Sandra AU - Azevedo, Julieta AU - Bento, Elisabete AU - Marques, Cristiana AU - Marques, Mariana AU - Macedo, António AU - Pereira, Ana T. AU - Almeida, José P. AU - Almeida, António AU - Alves, Josiane AU - Sousa, Nelson AU - Saavedra, Francisco AU - Mendes, Romeu AU - Maia, Ana S. AU - Oliveira, Michelle T. AU - Sousa, Anderson R. AU - Ferreira, Paulo P. AU - Lopes, Luci S. AU - Santiago, Eujcely C. AU - Monteiro, Sílvia AU - Jesus, Ângelo AU - Colaço, Armanda AU - Carvalho, António AU - Silva, Rita P. AU - Cruz, Agostinho AU - Ferreira, Ana AU - Marques, Catarina AU - Figueiredo, João P. AU - Paixão, Susana AU - Ferreira, Ana AU - Lopes, Carla AU - Moreira, Fernando AU - Figueiredo, João P. AU - Ferreira, Ana AU - Ribeiro, Diana AU - Moreira, Fernando AU - Figueiredo, João P. AU - Paixão, Susana AU - Fernandes, Telma AU - Amado, Diogo AU - Leal, Jéssica AU - Azevedo, Marcelo AU - Ramalho, Sónia AU - Mangas, Catarina AU - Ribeiro, Jaime AU - Gonçalves, Rita AU - Nunes, Amélia F. AU - Tuna, Ana R. AU - Martins, Carlos R. AU - Forte, Henriqueta D. AU - Costa, Cláudia AU - Tenedório, José A. AU - Santana, Paula AU - Andrade, J. A. AU - Pinto, J. L. AU - Campofiorito, C. AU - Nunes, S. AU - Carmo, A. AU - Kaliniczenco, A. AU - Alves, B. AU - Mendes, F. AU - Jesus, C. AU - Fonseca, F. AU - Gehrke, F. AU - Albuquerque, Carlos AU - Batista, Rita AU - Cunha, Madalena AU - Madureira, António AU - Ribeiro, Olivério AU - Martins, Rosa AU - Madeira, Teresa AU - Peixoto-Plácido, Catarina AU - Santos, Nuno AU - Santos, Osvaldo AU - Bergland, Astrid AU - Bye, Asta AU - Lopes, Carla AU - Alarcão, Violeta AU - Goulão, Beatriz AU - Mendonça, Nuno AU - Nicola, Paulo AU - Clara, João G. AU - Gomes, João AU - Querido, Ana AU - Tomás, Catarina AU - Carvalho, Daniel AU - Cordeiro, Marina AU - Rosa, Marlene C. AU - Marques, Alda AU - Brandão, Daniela AU - Ribeiro, Óscar AU - Araújo, Lia AU - Paúl, Constança AU - Minghelli, Beatriz AU - Richaud, Sylvina AU - Mendes, Ana L. AU - Marta-Simões, Joana AU - Trindade, Inês A. AU - Ferreira, Cláudia AU - Carvalho, Teresa AU - Cunha, Marina AU - Pinto-Gouveia, José AU - Fernandes, Morgana C. AU - Rosa, Roger S. AU - Nugem, Rita C. AU - Kranz, Luís F. AU - Siqueira, Mariana S. AU - Bordin, Ronaldo AU - Martins, Anabela C. AU - Medeiros, Anabela AU - Pimentel, Rafaela AU - Fernandes, Andreia AU - Mendonça, Carlos AU - Andrade, Isabel AU - Andrade, Susana AU - Menezes, Ruth L. AU - Bravo, Rafael AU - Miranda, Marta AU - Ugartemendia, Lierni AU - Tena, José Mª AU - Pérez-Caballero, Francisco L. AU - Fuentes-Broto, Lorena AU - Rodríguez, Ana B. AU - Carmen, Barriga AU - Carneiro, M. A. AU - Domingues, J. N. AU - Paixão, S. AU - Figueiredo, J. AU - Nascimento, V. B. AU - Jesus, C. AU - Mendes, F. AU - Gehrke, F. AU - Alves, B. AU - Azzalis, L. AU - Fonseca, F. AU - Martins, Ana R. AU - Nunes, Amélia AU - Jorge, Arminda AU - Veiga, Nélio AU - Amorim, Ana AU - Silva, André AU - Martinho, Liliana AU - Monteiro, Luís AU - Silva, Rafael AU - Coelho, Carina AU - Amaral, Odete AU - Coelho, Inês AU - Pereira, Carlos AU - Correia, André AU - Rodrigues, Diana AU - Marante, Nídia AU - Silva, Pedro AU - Carvalho, Sara AU - Araujo, André Rts AU - Ribeiro, Maximiano AU - Coutinho, Paula AU - Ventura, Sandra AU - Roque, Fátima AU - Calvo, Cristina AU - Reses, Manoela AU - Conde, Jorge AU - Ferreira, Ana AU - Figueiredo, João AU - Silva, David AU - Seiça, Luís AU - Soares, Raquel AU - Mourão, Ricardo AU - Kraus, Teresa AU - Abreu, Ana C. AU - Padilha, José M. AU - Alves, Júlia M. AU - Sousa, Paulino AU - Oliveira, Manuel AU - Sousa, Joana AU - Novais, Sónia AU - Mendes, Felismina AU - Pinto, Joana AU - Cruz, Joana AU - Marques, Alda AU - Duarte, Hugo AU - Dixe, Maria Dos Anjos AU - Sousa, Pedro AU - Cruz, Inês AU - Bastos, Fernanda AU - Pereira, Filipe AU - Carvalho, Francisco L. AU - Oliveira, Teresa T. AU - Raposo, Vítor R. AU - Rainho, Conceição AU - Ribeiro, José C. AU - Barroso, Isabel AU - Rodrigues, Vítor AU - Neves, Carmo AU - Oliveira, Teresa C. AU - Oliveira, Bárbara AU - Morais, Mª Carminda AU - Baylina, Pilar AU - Rodrigues, Rogério AU - Azeredo, Zaida AU - Vicente, Corália AU - Dias, Hélia AU - Sim-Sim, Margarida AU - Parreira, Pedro AU - Salgueiro-Oliveira, Anabela AU - Castilho, Amélia AU - Melo, Rosa AU - Graveto, João AU - Gomes, José AU - Vaquinhas, Marina AU - Carvalho, Carla AU - Mónico, Lisete AU - Brito, Nuno AU - Sarroeira, Cassilda AU - Amendoeira, José AU - Cunha, Fátima AU - Cândido, Anabela AU - Fernandes, Patrícia AU - Silva, Helena R. AU - Silva, Elsa AU - Barroso, Isabel AU - Lapa, Leila AU - Antunes, Cristina AU - Gonçalves, Ana AU - Galvão, Ana AU - Gomes, Mª José AU - Escanciano, Susana R. AU - Freitas, Maria AU - Parreira, Pedro AU - Marôco, João AU - Fernandes, Ana R. AU - Cabral, Cremilde AU - Alves, Samuel AU - Sousa, Pedro AU - Ferreira, António AU - Príncipe, Fernanda AU - Seppänen, Ulla-Maija AU - Ferreira, Margarida AU - Carvalhais, Maribel AU - Silva, Marilene AU - Ferreira, Manuela AU - Silva, Joana AU - Neves, Jéssica AU - Costa, Diana AU - Santos, Bruno AU - Duarte, Soraia AU - Marques, Sílvia AU - Ramalho, Sónia AU - Mendes, Isabel AU - Louro, Clarisse AU - Menino, Eva AU - Dixe, Maria AU - Dias, Sara S. AU - Cordeiro, Marina AU - Tomás, Catarina AU - Querido, Ana AU - Carvalho, Daniel AU - Gomes, João AU - Valim, Frederico C. AU - Costa, Joyce O. AU - Bernardes, Lúcia G. AU - Prebianchi, Helena AU - Rosa, Marlene Cristina AU - Gonçalves, Narcisa AU - Martins, Maria M. AU - Kurcgant, Paulina AU - Vieira, André AU - Bento, Sandrina AU - Deodato, Sérgio AU - Rabiais, Isabel AU - Reis, Laura AU - Torres, Ana AU - Soares, Sérgio AU - Ferreira, Margarida AU - Graça, Pedro AU - Leitão, Céu AU - Abreu, Renato AU - Bellém, Fernando AU - Almeida, Ana AU - Ribeiro-Varandas, Edna AU - Tavares, Ana AU - Frade, João G. AU - Henriques, Carolina AU - Menino, Eva AU - Louro, Clarisse AU - Jordão, Célia AU - Neco, Sofia AU - Morais, Carminda AU - Ferreira, Pedro AU - Silva, Carla R. AU - Brito, Alice AU - Silva, Antónia AU - Duarte, Hugo AU - Dixe, Maria Dos Anjos AU - Sousa, Pedro AU - Postolache, Gabriela AU - Oliveira, Raul AU - Moreira, Isabel AU - Pedro, Luísa AU - Vicente, Sónia AU - Domingos, Samuel AU - Postolache, Octavian AU - Silva, Darlen AU - Filho, João G. AU - Nazario, Nazare AU - Kretzer, Marcia AU - Schneider, Dulcineia AU - Marques, Fátima M. AU - Parreira, Pedro AU - Carvalho, Carla AU - Mónico, Lisete M. AU - Pinto, Carlos AU - Vicente, Sara AU - Breda, São João AU - Gomes, José H. AU - Melo, Rosa AU - Parreira, Pedro AU - Salgueiro, Anabela AU - Graveto, João AU - Vaquinhas, Marina AU - Castilho, Amélia AU - Jesus, Ângelo AU - Duarte, Nuno AU - Lopes, José C. AU - Nunes, Hélder AU - Cruz, Agostinho AU - Salgueiro-Oliveira, Anabela AU - Parreira, Pedro AU - Basto, Marta L. AU - Braga, Luciene M. AU - Ferreira, António AU - Araújo, Beatriz AU - Alves, José M. AU - Ferreira, Margarida AU - Carvalhais, Maribel AU - Silva, Marilene AU - Novais, Sónia AU - Sousa, Ana S. AU - Ferrito, Cândida AU - Ferreira, Pedro L. AU - Rodrigues, Alexandre AU - Ferreira, Margarida AU - Oliveira, Isabel AU - Ferreira, Manuela AU - Neves, Jéssica AU - Costa, Diana AU - Duarte, Soraia AU - Silva, Joana AU - Santos, Bruno AU - Martins, Cristina AU - Macedo, Ana P. AU - Araújo, Odete AU - Augusto, Cláudia AU - Braga, Fátima AU - Gomes, Lisa AU - Silva, Maria A. AU - Rosário, Rafaela AU - Pimenta, Luís AU - Carreira, Diana AU - Teles, Patrícia AU - Barros, Teresa AU - Tomás, Catarina AU - Querido, Ana AU - Carvalho, Daniel AU - Gomes, João AU - Cordeiro, Marina AU - Carvalho, Daniel AU - Querido, Ana AU - Tomás, Catarina AU - Gomes, João AU - Cordeiro, Marina AU - Jácome, Cristina AU - Marques, Alda AU - Capelas, Sylvie AU - Hall, Andreia AU - Alves, Dina AU - Lousada, Marisa AU - Loureiro, Mª Helena AU - Camarneiro, Ana AU - Silva, Margarida AU - Mendes, Aida AU - Pedreiro, Ana AU - G. Silva, Anne AU - Coelho, Elza S. AU - Melo, Flávio AU - Ribeiro, Fernando AU - Torres, Rui AU - Costa, Rui AU - Pinho, Tânia AU - Jácome, Cristina AU - Marques, Alda AU - Cruz, Bárbara AU - Seabra, Daniel AU - Carreiras, Diogo AU - Ventura, Maria AU - Cruz, x AU - Brooks, Dina AU - Marques, Alda AU - Pinto, M. Rosário AU - Parreira, Pedro AU - Lima-Basto, Marta AU - Neves, Miguel AU - Mónico, Lisete M. AU - Bizarro, Carla AU - Cunha, Marina AU - Galhardo, Ana AU - Margarida, Couto AU - Amorim, Ana P. AU - Silva, Eduardo AU - Cruz, Susana AU - Padilha, José M. AU - Valente, Jorge AU - Guerrero, José T. AU - Caballero, Francisco P. AU - Santos, Rafael B. AU - Gonzalez, Estefania P. AU - Monago, Fátima M. AU - Ugalde, Lierni U. AU - Vélez, Marta M. AU - Tena, Maria J. AU - Guerrero, José T. AU - Bravo, Rafael AU - Pérez-Caballero, Francisco L. AU - Becerra, Isabel A. AU - Agudelo, Mª Elizabeth AU - Acedo, Guadalupe AU - Bajo, Roberto AU - Malheiro, Isabel AU - Gaspar, Filomena AU - Barros, Luísa AU - Furtado, Guilherme AU - Uba-Chupel, Mateus AU - Marques, Mariana AU - Rama, Luís AU - Braga, Margarida AU - Ferreira, José P. AU - Teixeira, Ana Mª AU - Cruz, João AU - Barbosa, Tiago AU - Simões, Ângela AU - Coelho, Luís AU - Rodrigues, Alexandre AU - Jiménez-Díaz, Juan-Fernando AU - Martinez-Hernandez, Francisco AU - Rodriguez-De-Vera, Bienvenida AU - Ferreira, Pedro AU - Rodrigues, Alexandrina AU - Ramalho, André AU - Petrica, João AU - Mendes, Pedro AU - Serrano, João AU - Santo, Inês AU - Rosado, António AU - Mendonça, Paula AU - Freitas, Kátia AU - Ferreira, Dora AU - Brito, António AU - Fernandes, Renato AU - Gomes, Sofia AU - Moreira, Fernando AU - Pinho, Cláudia AU - Oliveira, Rita AU - Oliveira, Ana I. AU - Mendonça, Paula AU - Casimiro, Ana P. AU - Martins, Patrícia AU - Silva, Iryna AU - Evangelista, Diana AU - Leitão, Catarina AU - Velosa, Fábia AU - Carecho, Nélio AU - Coelho, Luís AU - Menino, Eva AU - Dixe, Anjos AU - Catarino, Helena AU - Soares, Fátima AU - Gama, Ester AU - Gordo, Clementina AU - Moreira, Eliana AU - Midões, Cristiana AU - Santos, Marlene AU - Machado, Sara AU - Oliveira, Vânia P. AU - Santos, Marlene AU - Querido, Ana AU - Dixe, Anjos AU - Marques, Rita AU - Charepe, Zaida AU - Antunes, Ana AU - Santos, Sofia AU - Rosa, Marlene C. AU - Rosa, Marlene C. AU - Marques, Silvana F. AU - Minghelli, Beatriz AU - CaroMinghelli, Eulália AU - Luís, Mª José AU - Brandão, Teresa AU - Mendes, Pedro AU - Marinho, Daniel AU - Petrica, João AU - Monteiro, Diogo AU - Paulo, Rui AU - Serrano, João AU - Santo, Inês AU - Monteiro, Lina AU - Ramalho, Fátima AU - Santos-Rocha, Rita AU - Morgado, Sónia AU - Bento, Teresa AU - Sousa, Gilberta AU - Freitas, Otília AU - Silva, Isabel AU - Freitas, Gregório AU - Morna, Clementina AU - Vasconcelos, Rita AU - Azevedo, Tatiana AU - Soares, Salete AU - Pisco, Jacinta AU - Ferreira, Paulo P. AU - Olszewer, Efrain O. AU - Oliveira, Michelle T. AU - Sousa, Anderson R. AU - Maia, Ana S. AU - Oliveira, Sebastião T. AU - Santos, Erica AU - Oliveira, Ana I. AU - Maia, Carla AU - Moreira, Fernando AU - Santos, Joana AU - Mendes, Maria F. AU - Oliveira, Rita F. AU - Pinho, Cláudia AU - Barreira, Eduarda AU - Pereira, Ana AU - Vaz, Josiana A. AU - Novo, André AU - Silva, Luís D. AU - Maia, Bruno AU - Ferreira, Eduardo AU - Pires, Filipa AU - Andrade, Renato AU - Camarinha, Luís AU - Silva, Luís D. AU - Maia, Bruno AU - Ferreira, Eduardo AU - Pires, Filipa AU - Andrade, Renato AU - Camarinha, Luís AU - César, Ana F. AU - Poço, Mariana AU - Ventura, David AU - Loura, Raquel AU - Gomes, Pedro AU - Gomes, Catarina AU - Silva, Cláudia AU - Melo, Elsa AU - Lindo, João AU - Domingos, Joana AU - Mendes, Zaida AU - Poeta, Susana AU - Carvalho, Tiago AU - Tomás, Catarina AU - Catarino, Helena AU - Dixe, Mª Anjos AU - Ramalho, André AU - Rosado, António AU - Mendes, Pedro AU - Paulo, Rui AU - Garcia, Inês AU - Petrica, João AU - Rodrigues, Sandra AU - Meneses, Rui AU - Afonso, Carlos AU - Faria, Luís AU - Seixas, Adérito AU - Cordeiro, Marina AU - Granjo, Paulo AU - Gomes, José C. AU - Souza, Nelba R. AU - Furtado, Guilherme E. AU - Rocha, Saulo V. AU - Silva, Paula AU - Carvalho, Joana AU - Morais, Marina Ana AU - Santos, Sofia AU - Lebre, Paula AU - Antunes, Ana AU - Calha, António AU - Xavier, Ana AU - Cunha, Marina AU - Pinto-Gouveia, José AU - Alencar, Liana AU - Cunha, Madalena AU - Madureira, António AU - Cardoso, Ilda AU - Galhardo, Ana AU - Daniel, Fernanda AU - Rodrigues, Vítor AU - Luz, Leonardo AU - Luz, Tatiana AU - Ramos, Maurício R. AU - Medeiros, Dayse C. AU - Carmo, Bruno M. AU - Seabra, André AU - Padez, Cristina AU - Silva, Manuel C. AU - Rodrigues, António AU - Coelho, Patrícia AU - Coelho, Alexandre AU - Caminha, Madson AU - Matheus, Filipe AU - Mendes, Elenice AU - Correia, Jony AU - Kretzer, Marcia AU - Hernandez-Martinez, Francisco J. AU - Jimenez-Diaz, Juan F. AU - Rodriguez-De-Vera, Bienvendida C. AU - Jimenez-Rodriguez, Carla AU - Armas-Gonzalez, Yadira AU - Rodrigues, Cátia AU - Pedroso, Rosa AU - Apolinário-Hagen, Jennifer AU - Vehreschild, Viktor AU - Veloso, Milene AU - Magalhães, Celina AU - Cabral, Isabel AU - Ferraz, Maira AU - Nave, Filipe AU - Costa, Emília AU - Matos, Filomena AU - Pacheco, José AU - Dias, António AU - Pereira, Carlos AU - Duarte, João AU - Cunha, Madalena AU - Silva, Daniel AU - Mónico, Lisete M. AU - Alferes, Valentim R. AU - Brêda, Mª São João AU - Carvalho, Carla AU - Parreira, Pedro M. AU - Morais, Mª Carminda AU - Ferreira, Pedro AU - Pimenta, Rui AU - Boavida, José AU - Pinto, Isabel C. AU - Pires, Tânia AU - Silva, Catarina AU - Ribeiro, Maria AU - Viega-Branco, Maria AU - Pereira, Filomena AU - Pereira, Ana Mª AU - Almeida, Fabrícia M. AU - Estevez, Gustavo L. AU - Ribeiro, Sandra AU - Kretzer, Marcia R. AU - João, Paulo V. AU - Nogueira, Paulo AU - Novais, Sandra AU - Pereira, Ana AU - Carneiro, Lara AU - Mota, Maria AU - Cruz, Rui AU - Santiago, Luiz AU - Fontes-Ribeiro, Carlos AU - Furtado, Guilherme AU - Rocha, Saulo V. AU - Coutinho, André P. AU - Neto, João S. AU - Vasconcelos, Lélia R. AU - Souza, Nelba R. AU - Dantas, Estélio AU - Dinis, Alexandra AU - Carvalho, Sérgio AU - Castilho, Paula AU - Pinto-Gouveia, José AU - Sarreira-Santos, Alexandra AU - Figueiredo, Amélia AU - Medeiros-Garcia, Lurdes AU - Seabra, Paulo AU - Rodrigues, Rosa AU - Morais, Mª Carminda AU - Fernandes, Paula O. AU - Santiago, Conceição AU - Figueiredo, Mª Henriqueta AU - Basto, Marta L. AU - Guimarães, Teresa AU - Coelho, André AU - Graça, Anabela AU - Silva, Ana M. AU - Fonseca, Ana R. AU - Vale-Dias, Luz AU - Minas, Bárbara AU - Franco-Borges, Graciete AU - Simões, Cristina AU - Santos, Sofia AU - Serra, Ana AU - Matos, Maria AU - Jesus, Luís AU - Tavares, Ana S. AU - Almeida, Ana AU - Leitão, Céu AU - Varandas, Edna AU - Abreu, Renato AU - Bellém, Fernando AU - Trindade, Inês A. AU - Ferreira, Cláudia AU - Pinto-Gouveia, José AU - Marta-Simões, Joana AU - Amaral, Odete AU - Miranda, Cristiana AU - Guimarães, Pedro AU - Gonçalves, Rodrigo AU - Veiga, Nélio AU - Pereira, Carlos AU - Fleig, Tânia C. AU - San-Martin, Elisabete A. AU - Goulart, Cássia L. AU - Schneiders, Paloma B. AU - Miranda, Natacha F. AU - Carvalho, Lisiane L. AU - Silva, Andrea G. AU - Topa, Joana AU - Nogueira, Conceição AU - Neves, Sofia AU - Ventura, Rita AU - Nazaré, Cristina AU - Brandão, Daniela AU - Freitas, Alberto AU - Ribeiro, Óscar AU - Paúl, Constança AU - Mercê, Cristiana AU - Branco, Marco AU - Almeida, Pedro AU - Nascimento, Daniela AU - Pereira, Juliana AU - Catela, David AU - Rafael, Helga AU - Reis, Alcinda C. AU - Mendes, Ana AU - Valente, Ana R. AU - Lousada, Marisa AU - Sousa, Diana AU - Baltazar, Ana L. AU - Loureiro, Mª Helena AU - Oliveira, Ana AU - Aparício, José AU - Marques, Alda AU - Marques, Alda AU - Oliveira, Ana AU - Neves, Joana AU - Ayoub, Rodrigo AU - Sousa, Luís AU - Marques-Vieira, Cristina AU - Severino, Sandy AU - José, Helena AU - Cadorio, Inês AU - Lousada, Marisa AU - Cunha, Marina AU - Andrade, Diogo AU - Galhardo, Ana AU - Couto, Margarida AU - Mendes, Fernando AU - Domingues, Cátia AU - Schukg, Susann AU - Abrantes, Ana M. AU - Gonçalves, Ana C. AU - Sales, Tiago AU - Teixo, Ricardo AU - Silva, Rita AU - Estrela, Jéssica AU - Laranjo, Mafalda AU - Casalta-Lopes, João AU - Rocha, Clara AU - Simões, Paulo C. AU - Sarmento-Ribeiro, Ana B. AU - Botelho, Mª Filomena AU - Rosa, Manuel S. AU - Fonseca, Virgínia AU - Colaço, Diogo AU - Neves, Vanessa AU - Jesus, Carlos AU - Hesse, Camilla AU - Rocha, Clara AU - Osório, Nádia AU - Valado, Ana AU - Caseiro, Armando AU - Gabriel, António AU - Svensson, Lola AU - Mendes, Fernando AU - Siba, Wafa A. AU - Pereira, Cristina AU - Tomaz, Jorge AU - Carvalho, Teresa AU - Pinto-Gouveia, José AU - Cunha, Marina AU - Duarte, Diana AU - Lopes, Nuno V. AU - Fonseca-Pinto, Rui AU - Duarte, Diana AU - Lopes, Nuno V. AU - Fonseca-Pinto, Rui AU - Martins, Anabela C. AU - Brandão, Piedade AU - Martins, Laura AU - Cardoso, Margarida AU - Morais, Nuno AU - Cruz, Joana AU - Alves, Nuno AU - Faria, Paula AU - Mateus, Artur AU - Morouço, Pedro AU - Alves, Nuno AU - Ferreira, Nelson AU - Mateus, Artur AU - Faria, Paula AU - Morouço, Pedro AU - Malheiro, Isabel AU - Gaspar, Filomena AU - Barros, Luísa AU - Parreira, Pedro AU - Cardoso, Andreia AU - Mónico, Lisete AU - Carvalho, Carla AU - Lopes, Albino AU - Salgueiro-Oliveira, Anabela AU - Seixas, Adérito AU - Soares, Valter AU - Dias, Tiago AU - Vardasca, Ricardo AU - Gabriel, Joaquim AU - Rodrigues, Sandra AU - Paredes, Hugo AU - Reis, Arsénio AU - Marinho, Sara AU - Filipe, Vítor AU - Lains, Jorge AU - Barroso, João AU - Da Motta, Carolina AU - Carvalho, Célia B. AU - Pinto-Gouveia, José AU - Peixoto, Ermelindo AU - Gomes, Ana A. AU - Costa, Vanessa AU - Couto, Diana AU - Marques, Daniel R. AU - Leitão, José A. AU - Tavares, José AU - Azevedo, Maria H. AU - Silva, Carlos F. AU - Freitas, João AU - Parreira, Pedro AU - Marôco, João AU - Garcia-Gordillo, Miguel A. AU - Collado-Mateo, Daniel AU - Chen, Gang AU - Iezzi, Angelo AU - Sala, José A. AU - Parraça, José A. AU - Gusi, Narcis AU - Sousa, Jani AU - Marques, Mariana AU - Jardim, Jacinto AU - Pereira, Anabela AU - Simões, Sónia AU - Cunha, Marina AU - Sardo, Pedro AU - Guedes, Jenifer AU - Lindo, João AU - Machado, Paulo AU - Melo, Elsa AU - Carvalho, Célia B. AU - Benevides, Joana AU - Sousa, Marina AU - Cabral, Joana AU - Da Motta, Carolina AU - Pereira, Ana T. AU - Xavier, Sandra AU - Azevedo, Julieta AU - Bento, Elisabete AU - Marques, Cristiana AU - Carvalho, Rosa AU - Marques, Mariana AU - Macedo, António AU - Silva, Ana M. AU - Alves, Juliana AU - Gomes, Ana A. AU - Marques, Daniel R. AU - Azevedo, Mª Helena AU - Silva, Carlos AU - Mendes, Ana AU - Lee, Huei D. AU - Spolaôr, Newton AU - Oliva, Jefferson T. AU - Chung, Wu F. AU - Fonseca-Pinto, Rui AU - Bairros, Keila AU - Silva, Cláudia D. AU - Souza, Clóvis A. AU - Schroeder, Silvana S. AU - Araújo, Elsa AU - Monteiro, Helena AU - Costa, Ricardo AU - Dias, Sara S. AU - Torgal, Jorge AU - Henriques, Carolina G. AU - Santos, Luísa AU - Caceiro, Elisa F. AU - Ramalho, Sónia A. AU - Oliveira, Rita AU - Afreixo, Vera AU - Santos, João AU - Mota, Priscilla AU - Cruz, Agostinho AU - Pimentel, Francisco AU - Marques, Rita AU - Dixe, Mª Anjos AU - Querido, Ana AU - Sousa, Patrícia AU - Benevides, Joana AU - Da Motta, Carolina AU - Sousa, Marina AU - Caldeira, Suzana N. AU - Carvalho, Célia B. AU - Querido, Ana AU - Tomás, Catarina AU - Carvalho, Daniel AU - Gomes, João AU - Cordeiro, Marina AU - Costa, Joyce O. AU - Valim, Frederico C. AU - Ribeiro, Lígia C. AU - Charepe, Zaida AU - Querido, Ana AU - Figueiredo, Mª Henriqueta AU - Aquino, Priscila S. AU - Ribeiro, Samila G. AU - Pinheiro, Ana B. AU - Lessa, Paula A. AU - Oliveira, Mirna F. AU - Brito, Luísa S. AU - Pinto, Ítalo N. AU - Furtado, Alessandra S. AU - Castro, Régia B. AU - Aquino, Caroline Q. AU - Martins, Eveliny S. AU - Pinheiro, Ana B. AU - Aquino, Priscila S. AU - Oliveira, Lara L. AU - Pinheiro, Patrícia C. AU - Sousa, Caroline R. AU - Freitas, Vívien A. AU - Silva, Tatiane M. AU - Lima, Adman S. AU - Aquino, Caroline Q. AU - Andrade, Karizia V. AU - Oliveira, Camila A. AU - Vidal, Eglidia F. AU - Ganho-Ávila, Ana AU - Moura-Ramos, Mariana AU - Gonçalves, Óscar AU - Almeida, Jorge AU - Silva, Armando AU - Brito, Irma AU - Amado, João AU - Rodrigo, António AU - Santos, Sofia AU - Gomes, Fernando AU - Rosa, Marlene C. AU - Marques, Silvana F. AU - Luís, Sara AU - Cavalheiro, Luís AU - Ferreira, Pedro AU - Gonçalves, Rui AU - Lopes, Rui S. AU - Cavalheiro, Luís AU - Ferreira, Pedro AU - Gonçalves, Rui AU - Fiorin, Bruno H. AU - Santos, Marina S. AU - Oliveira, Edmar S. AU - Moreira, Rita L. AU - Oliveira, Elizabete A. AU - Filho, Braulio L. AU - Palmeira, Lara AU - Garcia, Teresa AU - Pinto-Gouveia, José AU - Cunha, Marina AU - Cardoso, Sara AU - Palmeira, Lara AU - Cunha, Marina AU - Pinto-Gouveia, José AU - Marta-Simões, Joana AU - Mendes, Ana L. AU - Trindade, Inês A. AU - Oliveira, Sara AU - Ferreira, Cláudia AU - Mendes, Ana L. AU - Marta-Simões, Joana AU - Trindade, Inês A. AU - Ferreira, Cláudia AU - Nave, Filipe AU - Campos, Mariana AU - Gaudêncio, Iris AU - Martins, Fernando AU - Ferreira, Lino AU - Lopes, Nuno AU - Fonseca-Pinto, Rui AU - Rodrigues, Rogério AU - Azeredo, Zaida AU - Vicente, Corália AU - Silva, Joana AU - Sousa, Patrícia AU - Marques, Rita AU - Mendes, Isabel AU - Rodrigues, Rogério AU - Azeredo, Zaida AU - Vicente, Corália AU - Vardasca, Ricardo AU - Marques, Ana R. AU - Seixas, Adérito AU - Carvalho, Rui AU - Gabriel, Joaquim AU - Ferreira, Paulo P. AU - Oliveira, Michelle T. AU - Sousa, Anderson R. AU - Maia, Ana S. AU - Oliveira, Sebastião T. AU - Costa, Pablo O. AU - Silva, Maiza M. AU - Arreguy-Sena, Cristina AU - Alvarenga-Martins, Nathália AU - Pinto, Paulo F. AU - Oliveira, Denize C. AU - Parreira, Pedro D. AU - Gomes, Antônio T. AU - Braga, Luciene M. AU - Araújo, Odete AU - Lage, Isabel AU - Cabrita, José AU - Teixeira, Laetitia AU - Marques, Rita AU - Dixe, Mª Anjos AU - Querido, Ana AU - Sousa, Patrícia AU - Silva, Sara AU - Cordeiro, Eugénio AU - Pimentel, João AU - Ferro-Lebres, Vera AU - Souza, Juliana A. AU - Tavares, Mariline AU - Dixe, Mª Anjos AU - Sousa, Pedro AU - Passadouro, Rui AU - Peralta, Teresa AU - Ferreira, Carlos AU - Lourenço, Georgina AU - Serrano, João AU - Petrica, João AU - Paulo, Rui AU - Honório, Samuel AU - Mendes, Pedro AU - Simões, Alexandra AU - Carvalho, Lucinda AU - Pereira, Alexandre AU - Silva, Sara AU - Sousa, Paulino AU - Padilha, José M. AU - Figueiredo, Daniela AU - Valente, Carolina AU - Marques, Alda AU - Ribas, Patrícia AU - Sousa, Joana AU - Brandão, Frederico AU - Sousa, Cesar AU - Martins, Matilde AU - Sousa, Patrícia AU - Marques, Rita AU - Mendes, Francisco AU - Fernandes, Rosina AU - Martins, Emília AU - Magalhães, Cátia AU - Araújo, Patrícia AU - Grande, Carla AU - Mata, Mª Augusta AU - Vieitez, Juan G. AU - Bianchini, Bruna AU - Nazario, Nazare AU - Filho, João G. AU - Kretzer, Marcia AU - Costa, Tânia AU - Almeida, Armando AU - Baffour, Gabriel AU - Almeida, Armando AU - Costa, Tânia AU - Baffour, Gabriel AU - Azeredo, Zaida AU - Laranjeira, Carlos AU - Guerra, Magda AU - Barbeiro, Ana P. AU - Ferreira, Regina AU - Lopes, Sara AU - Nunes, Liliana AU - Mendes, Ana AU - Martins, Julian AU - Schneider, Dulcineia AU - Kretzer, Marcia AU - Magajewski, Flávio AU - Soares, Célia AU - Marques, António AU - Batista, Marco AU - Castuera, Ruth J. AU - Mesquita, Helena AU - Faustino, António AU - Santos, Jorge AU - Honório, Samuel AU - Vizzotto, Betina P. AU - Frigo, Leticia AU - Pivetta, Hedioneia F. AU - Sardo, Dolores AU - Martins, Cristina AU - Abreu, Wilson AU - Figueiredo, Mª Céu AU - Batista, Marco AU - Jimenez-Castuera, Ruth AU - Petrica, João AU - Serrano, João AU - Honório, Samuel AU - Paulo, Rui AU - Mendes, Pedro AU - Sousa, Patrícia AU - Marques, Rita AU - Faustino, António AU - Silveira, Paulo AU - Serrano, João AU - Paulo, Rui AU - Mendes, Pedro AU - Honório, Samuel AU - Oliveira, Catarina AU - Bastos, Fernanda AU - Cruz, Inês AU - Rodriguez, Cláudia K. AU - Kretzer, Márcia R. AU - Nazário, Nazaré O. AU - Cruz, Pedro AU - Vaz, Daniela C. AU - Ruben, Rui B. AU - Avelelas, Francisco AU - Silva, Susana AU - Campos, Mª Jorge AU - Almeida, Maria AU - Gonçalves, Liliana AU - Antunes, Lígia AU - Sardo, Pedro AU - Guedes, Jenifer AU - Simões, João AU - Machado, Paulo AU - Melo, Elsa AU - Cardoso, Susana AU - Santos, Osvaldo AU - Nunes, Carla AU - Loureiro, Isabel AU - Santos, Flávia AU - Alves, Gilberto AU - Soar, Cláudia AU - Marsi, Teresa O. AU - Silva, Ernestina AU - Pedrosa, Dora AU - Leça, Andrea AU - Silva, Daniel AU - Galvão, Ana AU - Gomes, Maria AU - Fernandes, Paula AU - Noné, Ana AU - Combadão, Jaime AU - Ramalhete, Cátia AU - Figueiredo, Paulo AU - Caeiro, Patrícia AU - Fontana, Karine C. AU - Lacerda, Josimari T. AU - Machado, Patrícia O. AU - Borges, Raphaelle AU - Barbosa, Flávio AU - Sá, Dayse AU - Brunhoso, Germana AU - Aparício, Graça AU - Carvalho, Amâncio AU - Garcia, Ana P. AU - Fernandes, Paula O. AU - Santos, Adriana AU - Veiga, Nélio AU - Brás, Carina AU - Carvalho, Inês AU - Batalha, Joana AU - Glória, Margarida AU - Bexiga, Filipa AU - Coelho, Inês AU - Amaral, Odete AU - Pereira, Carlos AU - Pinho, Cláudia AU - Paraíso, Nilson AU - Oliveira, Ana I. AU - Lima, Cristóvão F. AU - Dias, Alberto P. AU - Silva, Pedro AU - Espada, Mário AU - Marques, Mário AU - Pereira, Ana AU - Pereira, Ana Mª AU - Veiga-Branco, Mª AU - Pereira, Filomena AU - Ribeiro, Maria AU - Lima, Vera AU - Oliveira, Ana I. AU - Pinho, Cláudia AU - Cruz, Graça AU - Oliveira, Rita F. AU - Barreiros, Luísa AU - Moreira, Fernando AU - Camarneiro, Ana AU - Loureiro, Mª Helena AU - Silva, Margarida AU - Duarte, Catarina AU - Jesus, Ângelo AU - Cruz, Agostinho AU - Mota, Maria AU - Novais, Sandra AU - Nogueira, Paulo AU - Pereira, Ana AU - Carneiro, Lara AU - João, Paulo V. AU - Lima, Teresa Maneca AU - Salgueiro-Oliveira, Anabela AU - Vaquinhas, Marina AU - Parreira, Pedro AU - Melo, Rosa AU - Graveto, João AU - Castilho, Amélia AU - Gomes, José H. AU - Medina, María S. AU - Blanco, Valeriana G. AU - Santos, Osvaldo AU - Lopes, Elisa AU - Virgolino, Ana AU - Dinis, Alexandra AU - Ambrósio, Sara AU - Almeida, Inês AU - Marques, Tatiana AU - Heitor, Mª João AU - Garcia-Gordillo, Miguel A. AU - Collado-Mateo, Daniel AU - Olivares, Pedro R. AU - Parraça, José A. AU - Sala, José A. AU - Castilho, Amélia AU - Graveto, João AU - Parreira, Pedro AU - Oliveira, Anabela AU - Gomes, José H. AU - Melo, Rosa AU - Vaquinhas, Marina AU - Cheio, Mónica AU - Cruz, Agostinho AU - Pereira, Olívia R. AU - Pinto, Sara AU - Oliveira, Adriana AU - Manso, M. Conceição AU - Sousa, Carla AU - Vinha, Ana F. AU - Machado, Mª Manuela AU - Vieira, Margarida AU - Fernandes, Beatriz AU - Tomás, Teresa AU - Quirino, Diogo AU - Desouzart, Gustavo AU - Matos, Rui AU - Bordini, Magali AU - Mouroço, Pedro AU - Matos, Ana R. AU - Serapioni, Mauro AU - Guimarães, Teresa AU - Fonseca, Virgínia AU - Costa, André AU - Ribeiro, João AU - Lobato, João AU - Martin, Inmaculada Z. AU - Björklund, Anita AU - Tavares, Aida I. AU - Ferreira, Pedro AU - Passadouro, Rui AU - Morgado, Sónia AU - Tavares, Nuno AU - Valente, João AU - Martins, Anabela C. AU - Araújo, Patrícia AU - Fernandes, Rosina AU - Mendes, Francisco AU - Magalhães, Cátia AU - Martins, Emília AU - Mendes, Pedro AU - Paulo, Rui AU - Faustino, António AU - Mesquita, Helena AU - Honório, Samuel AU - Batista, Marco AU - Lacerda, Josimari T. AU - Ortiga, Angela B. AU - Calvo, Mª Cristina AU - Natal, Sônia AU - Pereira, Marta AU - Ferreira, Manuela AU - Prata, Ana R. AU - Nelas, Paula AU - Duarte, João AU - Carneiro, Juliana AU - Oliveira, Ana I. AU - Pinho, Cláudia AU - Couto, Cristina AU - Oliveira, Rita F. AU - Moreira, Fernando AU - Maia, Ana S. AU - Oliveira, Michelle T. AU - Sousa, Anderson R. AU - Ferreira, Paulo P. AU - Souza, Géssica M. AU - Almada, Lívia F. AU - Conceição, Milena A. AU - Santiago, Eujcely C. AU - Rodrigues, Sandra AU - Domingues, Gabriela AU - Ferreira, Irina AU - Faria, Luís AU - Seixas, Adérito AU - Costa, Ana R. AU - Jesus, Ângelo AU - Cardoso, Américo AU - Meireles, Alexandra AU - Colaço, Armanda AU - Cruz, Agostinho AU - Vieira, Viviane L. AU - Vincha, Kellem R. AU - Cervato-Mancuso, Ana Mª AU - Faria, Melissa AU - Reis, Cláudia AU - Cova, Marco P. AU - Ascenso, Rita T. AU - Almeida, Henrique A. AU - Oliveira, Eunice G. AU - Santana, Miguel AU - Pereira, Rafael AU - Oliveira, Eunice G. AU - Almeida, Henrique A. AU - Ascenso, Rita T. AU - Jesus, Rita AU - Tapadas, Rodrigo AU - Tim-Tim, Carolina AU - Cezanne, Catarina AU - Lagoa, Matilde AU - Dias, Sara S. AU - Torgal, Jorge AU - Lopes, João AU - Almeida, Henrique AU - Amado, Sandra AU - Carrão, Luís AU - Cunha, Madalena AU - Saboga-Nunes, Luís AU - Albuquerque, Carlos AU - Ribeiro, Olivério AU - Oliveira, Suzete AU - Morais, Mª Carminda AU - Martins, Emília AU - Mendes, Francisco AU - Fernandes, Rosina AU - Magalhães, Cátia AU - Araújo, Patrícia AU - Pedro, Ana R. AU - Amaral, Odete AU - Escoval, Ana AU - Assunção, Victor AU - Luís, Henrique AU - Luís, Luís AU - Apolinário-Hagen, Jennifer AU - Vehreschild, Viktor AU - Fotschl, Ulrike AU - Lirk, Gerald AU - Martins, Anabela C. AU - Andrade, Isabel AU - Mendes, Fernando AU - Mendonça, Verónica AU - Antunes, Sandra AU - Andrade, Isabel AU - Osório, Nádia AU - Valado, Ana AU - Caseiro, Armando AU - Gabriel, António AU - Martins, Anabela C. AU - Mendes, Fernando AU - Silva, Paula A. AU - Mónico, Lisete M. AU - Parreira, Pedro M. AU - Carvalho, Carla AU - Carvalho, Carla AU - Parreira, Pedro M. AU - Mónico, Lisete M. AU - Ruivo, Joana AU - Silva, Vânia AU - Sousa, Paulino AU - Padilha, José M. AU - Ferraz, Vera AU - Aparício, Graça AU - Duarte, João AU - Vasconcelos, Carlos AU - Almeida, António AU - Neves, Joel AU - Correia, Telma AU - Amorim, Helena AU - Mendes, Romeu AU - Saboga-Nunes, Luís AU - Cunha, Madalena AU - Albuquerque, Carlos AU - Pereira, Elsa S. AU - Santos, Leonino S. AU - Reis, Ana S. AU - Silva, Helena R. AU - Rombo, João AU - Fernandes, Jorge C. AU - Fernandes, Patrícia AU - Ribeiro, Jaime AU - Mangas, Catarina AU - Freire, Ana AU - Silva, Sara AU - Francisco, Irene AU - Oliveira, Ana AU - Catarino, Helena AU - Dixe, Mª Anjos AU - Louro, Mª Clarisse AU - Lopes, Saudade AU - Dixe, Anjos AU - Dixe, Mª Anjos AU - Menino, Eva AU - Catarino, Helena AU - Soares, Fátima AU - Oliveira, Ana P. AU - Gordo, Sara AU - Kraus, Teresa AU - Tomás, Catarina AU - Queirós, Paulo AU - Rodrigues, Teresa AU - Sousa, Pedro AU - Frade, João G. AU - Lobão, Catarina AU - Moura, Cynthia B. AU - Dreyer, Laysa C. AU - Meneghetti, Vanize AU - Cabral, Priscila P. AU - Pinto, Francisca AU - Sousa, Paulino AU - Esteves, Mª Raquel AU - Galvão, Sofia AU - Tytgat, Ite AU - Andrade, Isabel AU - Osório, Nádia AU - Valado, Ana AU - Caseiro, Armando AU - Gabriel, António AU - Martins, Anabela C. AU - Mendes, Fernando AU - Casas-Novas, Mónica AU - Bernardo, Helena AU - Andrade, Isabel AU - Sousa, Gracinda AU - Sousa, Ana P. AU - Rocha, Clara AU - Belo, Pedro AU - Osório, Nádia AU - Valado, Ana AU - Caseiro, Armando AU - Gabriel, António AU - Martins, Anabela C. AU - Mendes, Fernando AU - Martins, Fátima AU - Pulido-Fuentes, Montserrat AU - Barroso, Isabel AU - Cabral, Gil AU - Monteiro, M. João AU - Rainho, Conceição AU - Prado, Alessandro AU - Carvalho, Yara M. AU - Campos, Maria AU - Moreira, Liliana AU - Ferreira, José AU - Teixeira, Ana AU - Rama, Luís AU - Campos, Maria AU - Moreira, Liliana AU - Ferreira, José AU - Teixeira, Ana AU - Rama, Luís T2 - BMC health services research AB - S1 Health literacy and health education in adolescence Catarina Cardoso Tomás S2 The effect of a walking program on the quality of life and well-being of people with schizophrenia Emanuel Oliveira, D. Sousa, M. Uba-Chupel, G. Furtado, C. Rocha, A. Teixeira, P. Ferreira S3 Diagnosis and innovative treatments - the way to a better medical practice Celeste Alves S4 Simulation-based learning and how it is a high contribution Stefan Gisin S5 Formative research about acceptability, utilization and promotion of a home fortification programme with micronutrient powders (MNP) in the Autonomous Region of Príncipe, São Tomé and Príncipe Elisabete Catarino, Nelma Carvalho, Tiago Coucelo, Luís Bonfim, Carina Silva S6 Safety culture of the patient: a reflexion about the therapeutic approach on the patient with vocal pathology Débora Franco S7 About wine, fortune cookies and patient experience Jesús Alcoba González O1 The psychological impact on the emergency crews after the disaster event on February 20, 2010 Helena G. Jardim, Rita Silva O2 Musculoskeletal disorders in midwives Cristina L. Baixinho, Mª Helena Presado, Mª Fátima Marques, Mário E. Cardoso O3 Negative childhood experiences and fears of compassion: Implications for psychological difficulties in adolescence Marina Cunha, Joana Mendes, Ana Xavier, Ana Galhardo, Margarida Couto O4 Optimal age to give the first dose of measles vaccine in Portugal João G. Frade, Carla Nunes, João R. Mesquita, Maria S. Nascimento, Guilherme Gonçalves O5 Functional assessment of elderly in primary care Conceição Castro, Alice Mártires, Mª João Monteiro, Conceição Rainho O6 Smoking and coronary events in a population of Spanish health-care centre: An observational study Francisco P. Caballero, Fatima M. Monago, Jose T. Guerrero, Rocio M. Monago, Africa P. Trigo, Milagros L. Gutierrez, Gemma M. Milanés, Mercedes G. Reina, Ana G. Villanueva, Ana S. Piñero, Isabel R. Aliseda, Francisco B. Ramirez O7 Prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in Portuguese musicians Andrea Ribeiro, Ana Quelhas, Conceição Manso O8 Hip fractures, psychotropic drug consumption and comorbidity in patients of a primary care practice in Spain Francisco P. Caballero, Jose T. Guerrero, Fatima M. Monago, Rafael B. Santos, Nuria R. Jimenez, Cristina G. Nuñez, Inmaculada R. Gomez, Mª Jose L. Fernandez, Laura A. Marquez, Ana L. Moreno, Mª Jesus Tena Huertas, Francisco B. Ramirez O9 The role of self-criticism and shame in social anxiety in a clinical SAD sample Daniel Seabra, Mª Céu Salvador O10 Obstruction and infiltration: a proposal of a quality indicator Luciene Braga, Pedro Parreira, Anabela Salgueiro-Oliveira, Cristina Arreguy-Sena, Bibiana F. Oliveira, Mª Adriana Henriques O11 Balance and anxiety and depression symptoms in old age people Joana Santos, Sara Lebre, Alda Marques O12 Prevalence of postural changes and risk factors in school children and adolescents in a northern region (Porto) Clarinda Festas, Sandra Rodrigues, Andrea Ribeiro, José Lumini O13 Ischemic stroke vs. haemorrhagic stroke survival rate Ana G. Figueiredo O14 Chronobiological factors as responsible for the appearance of locomotor pathology in adolescents Francisco J. Hernandez-Martinez, Liliana Campi, Mª Pino Quintana-Montesdeoca, Juan F. Jimenez-Diaz, Bienvenida C. Rodriguez-De-Vera O15 Risk of malnutrition in the elderly of Bragança Alexandra Parente, Mª Augusta Mata, Ana Mª Pereira, Adília Fernandes, Manuel Brás O16 A Lifestyle Educational Programme for primary care diabetic patients: the design of a complex nursing intervention Mª Rosário Pinto, Pedro Parreira, Marta L. Basto, Ana C. Rei, Lisete M. Mónico O17 Medication adherence in elderly people Gilberta Sousa, Clementina Morna, Otília Freitas, Gregório Freitas, Ana Jardim, Rita Vasconcelos O18 Hospitalization for cervical cancer of residents in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, 2012 to 2014 Lina G. Horta, Roger S. Rosa, Luís F. Kranz, Rita C. Nugem, Mariana S. Siqueira, Ronaldo Bordin O19 Oncologic assistance of high complexity: evaluation of regulating accesses Rosiane Kniess, Josimari T. Lacerda O20 Perceived barriers for using health care services by the older population as seen by the social sector: findings from the Vila Nova de Gaia Gerontological Plan Joana Guedes, Idalina Machado, Sidalina Almeida, Adriano Zilhão, Helder Alves, Óscar Ribeiro O21 Sleep difficulties and depressive symptoms in college students Ana P. Amaral, Ana Santos, Joana Monteiro, Mª Clara Rocha, Rui Cruz O22 Psychopathological symptoms and medication use in higher education Ana P. Amaral, Marina Lourenço, Mª Clara Rocha, Rui Cruz O23 Sexually transmitted diseases in higher education institutions Sandra Antunes, Verónica Mendonça, Isabel Andrade, Nádia Osório, Ana Valado, Armando Caseiro, António Gabriel, Anabela C. Martins, Fernando Mendes O24 Alcohol consumption and suicide ideation in higher education students Lídia Cabral, Manuela Ferreira, Amadeu Gonçalves O25 Quality of life in university students Tatiana D. Luz, Leonardo Luz, Raul Martins O26 Male and female adolescent antisocial behaviour: characterizing vulnerabilities in a Portuguese sample Alice Morgado, Maria L. Vale-Dias O27 Risk factors for mental health in higher education students of health sciences Rui Porta-Nova O28 International classification of functioning disability and health as reflexive reasoning in primary attention in health Tânia C. Fleig, Éboni M. Reuter, Miriam B. Froemming, Sabrina L. Guerreiro, Lisiane L. Carvalho O29 Risk factors and cardiovascular disease in Portalegre Daniel Guedelha, P. Coelho, A. Pereira O30 Health status of the elderly population living in Portalegre historic city centre: A longitudinal study António Calha, Raul Cordeiro O31 Student’s sleep in higher education: sleep quality among students of the IPB Ana Gonçalves, Ana Certo, Ana Galvão, Mª Augusta Mata O32 Trend in mortality from cervical cancer in the metropolitan area of Florianópolis, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2000 to 2013 Aline Welter, Elayne Pereira, Sandra Ribeiro, Marcia Kretzer O33 Adherence to treatment in the elderly in an urban environment in Spain Juan-Fernando Jiménez-Díaz, Carla Jiménez-Rodríguez, Francisco-José Hernández-Martínez, Bienvenida-Del-Carmen Rodríguez-De-Vera, Alexandre Marques-Rodrigues O34 Beira Baixa Blood Pressure Study (Study PABB) Patrícia Coelho, Tiago Bernardes, Alexandre Pereira O35 Trends in cervical cancer mortality statistics in Santa Catarina State, Brazil, by age group and macro-region, from 2000 to 2013 Patrícia Sousa, João G. Filho, Nazare Nazario, Marcia Kretzer O36 Sleep problems among Portuguese adolescents: a public health issue Odete Amaral, António Garrido, Nélio Veiga, Carla Nunes, Ana R. Pedro, Carlos Pereira O37 Association between body fat and health-related quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes António Almeia, Helder M. Fernandes, Carlos Vasconcelos, Nelson Sousa, Victor M. Reis, M. João Monteiro, Romeu Mendes O38 Therapy adherence and polypharmacy in non-institutionalized elderly from Amares county, Portugal Isabel C. Pinto, Tânia Pires, João Gama O39 Prevalence of surgical site infection in adults at a hospital unit in the North of Portugal Vera Preto, Norberto Silva, Carlos Magalhães, Matilde Martins O40 Frailty phenotype in old age: implications to intervention Mafalda Duarte, Constança Paúl, Ignácio Martín O41 Portuguese women: sexual symptoms in perimenopause Arminda A. Pinheiro O42 Predictive ability of the Perinatal Depression Screening and Prevention Tool – preliminary results of the categorical approach Sandra Xavier, Julieta Azevedo, Elisabete Bento, Cristiana Marques, Mariana Marques, António Macedo, Ana T. Pereira O43 Aging and muscle strength in patients with type 2 diabetes: cross sectional analysis José P. Almeida, António Almeida, Josiane Alves, Nelson Sousa, Francisco Saavedra, Romeu Mendes O44 Accessibility of the elderly in the prevention of hypertension in a family health unit Ana S. Maia, Michelle T. Oliveira, Anderson R. Sousa, Paulo P. Ferreira, Luci S. Lopes, Eujcely C. Santiago O45 Community Health screenings and self-reported chronic diseases Sílvia Monteiro, Ângelo Jesus, Armanda Colaço, António Carvalho, Rita P. Silva, Agostinho Cruz O46 Evaluation of indoor air quality in Kindergartens Ana Ferreira, Catarina Marques, João P. Figueiredo, Susana Paixão O47 Atmospheric exposure to chemical agents under the occupational activity of pathology technicians Ana Ferreira, Carla Lopes, Fernando Moreira, João P. Figueiredo O48 Occupational exposure to air pollutants in night entertainment venues workers Ana Ferreira, Diana Ribeiro, Fernando Moreira, João P. Figueiredo, Susana Paixão O49 Beliefs and attitudes of young people towards breastfeeding Telma Fernandes, Diogo Amado, Jéssica Leal, Marcelo Azevedo, Sónia Ramalho O50 Profiling informal caregivers: surveying needs in the care of the elderly Catarina Mangas, Jaime Ribeiro, Rita Gonçalves O51 Visual health in teenagers Amélia F Nunes, Ana R. Tuna, Carlos R. Martins, Henriqueta D. Forte O52 Amenable mortality and the geographic accessibility to healthcare in Portugal Cláudia Costa, José A. Tenedório, Paula Santana O53 Bacterial contamination of door handles in a São Paulo See Metropolitan Cathedral public restrooms in Brazil J. A. Andrade, J. L. Pinto, C. Campofiorito, S. Nunes, A. Carmo, A. Kaliniczenco, B. Alves, F. Mendes, C. Jesus, F. Fonseca, F. Gehrke O54 Adherence of patients to rehabilitation programmes Carlos Albuquerque, Rita Batista, Madalena Cunha, António Madureira, Olivério Ribeiro, Rosa Martins O55 Prevalence of malnutrition among Portuguese elderly living in nursing homes: preliminary results of the PEN-3S project Teresa Madeira, Catarina Peixoto-Plácido, Nuno Santos, Osvaldo Santos, Astrid Bergland, Asta Bye, Carla Lopes, Violeta Alarcão, Beatriz Goulão, Nuno Mendonça, Paulo Nicola, João G. Clara O56 Relation between emotional intelligence and mental illness in health students João Gomes, Ana Querido, Catarina Tomás, Daniel Carvalho, Marina Cordeiro P1 Fall risk factors in people older than 50 years old – a pilot report Marlene C. Rosa, Alda Marques P2 What about the Portuguese oldest old? A global overview using census data Daniela Brandão, Óscar Ribeiro, Lia Araújo, Constança Paúl P3 Prevalence of injuries in senior amateur volleyball athletes in Alentejo and Algarve clubs, Portugal: factors associated Beatriz Minghelli, Sylvina Richaud P4 Shame feelings and quality of life: the role of acceptance and decentring Ana L. Mendes, Joana Marta-Simões, Inês A. Trindade, Cláudia Ferreira P5 Assessment of social support during deployment in portuguese colonial war veterans Teresa Carvalho, Marina Cunha, José Pinto-Gouveia P6 Hospitalization for acute viral bronchiolitis of residents in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, 2012 to 2014 Morgana C. Fernandes, Roger S. Rosa, Rita C. Nugem, Luís F. Kranz, Mariana S. Siqueira, Ronaldo Bordin P7 Falls-risk screening – an opportunity for preventing falls in the elderly from Nordeste Anabela C. Martins, Anabela Medeiros, Rafaela Pimentel, Andreia Fernandes, Carlos Mendonça, Isabel Andrade, Susana Andrade, Ruth L. Menezes P8 Aging provokes chronodisruption in mature people in temperature circadian rhythm Rafael Bravo, Marta Miranda, Lierni Ugartemendia, José Mª Tena, Francisco L. Pérez-Caballero, Lorena Fuentes-Broto, Ana B. Rodríguez, Barriga Carmen P9 The influence of climate and pollution factors in dengue cases of great ABC region, São Paulo M. A. Carneiro, J. N. Domingues, S. Paixão, J. Figueiredo, V. B. Nascimento, C. Jesus, F Mendes, F. Gehrke, B. Alves, L. Azzalis, F. Fonseca P10 Visual function and impact of visual therapy in children with learning disabilities: a pilot study Ana R. Martins, Amélia Nunes, Arminda Jorge P11 Edentulism and the need of oral rehabilitation among institutionalized elderly Nélio Veiga, Ana Amorim, André Silva, Liliana Martinho, Luís Monteiro, Rafael Silva, Carina Coelho, Odete Amaral, Inês Coelho, Carlos Pereira, André Correia P12 Therapy adherence of outpatients in the pharmacy services of a hospital unit Diana Rodrigues, Nídia Marante, Pedro Silva, Sara Carvalho, André Rts Araujo, Maximiano Ribeiro, Paula Coutinho, Sandra Ventura, Fátima Roque P13 Universal access and comprehensive care of oral health: an availability study Cristina Calvo, Manoela Reses P14 Is the respiratory function of children a predictor of air quality? Coimbra as a case study Jorge Conde, Ana Ferreira, João Figueiredo P15 Meaning-in-life of college students David Silva, Luís Seiça, Raquel Soares, Ricardo Mourão, Teresa Kraus O57 Training needs for nurses in palliative care Ana C. Abreu, José M. Padilha, Júlia M. Alves O58 Impact of computerized information systems in the global nurses’ workload: nurses’ perceptions and real-time Paulino Sousa, Manuel Oliveira, Joana Sousa O59 The perspective of health care professionals on self-care in hereditary neurodegenerative disease: a qualitative study Sónia Novais, Felismina Mendes O60 Contribution for health-related physical fitness reference values in healthy adolescents Joana Pinto, Joana Cruz, Alda Marques School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal O61 Perception of learning, satisfaction and self-efficacy of nursing students about High-Fidelity Simulation Hugo Duarte, Maria Dos Anjos Dixe, Pedro Sousa O62 Analysis of statements of diagnosis about health deviation in self-care requisites customized in a Nursing Practice Support System (SAPE®): Management of therapeutic regimen Inês Cruz, Fernanda Bastos, Filipe Pereira O63 Hybrid management and hospital governance: doctors and nurses as managers Francisco L. Carvalho, Teresa T. Oliveira, Vítor R. Raposo O64 Time management in health professionals Conceição Rainho, José C. Ribeiro, Isabel Barroso, Vítor Rodrigues O65 Financial rewards and wellbeing in primary health care Carmo Neves, Teresa C. Oliveira O66 Patient safety promotion in the operating room Bárbara Oliveira, Mª Carminda Morais, Pilar Baylina O67 Difficulties and needs of pre-graduate nursing students in the area of Geriatrics/Gerontology Rogério Rodrigues, Zaida Azeredo, Corália Vicente O68 Teaching and learning sexuality in nursing education Hélia Dias, Margarida Sim-Sim O69 Entrepreneurial Motivations Questionnaire: AFC and CFA in academy Pedro Parreira, Anabela Salgueiro-Oliveira, Amélia Castilho, Rosa Melo, João Graveto, José Gomes, Marina Vaquinhas, Carla Carvalho, Lisete Mónico, Nuno Brito O70 Nursing intervention to patient with Permanent Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators: a qualitative analysis Cassilda Sarroeira, José Amendoeira, Fátima Cunha, Anabela Cândido, Patrícia Fernandes, Helena R. Silva, Elsa Silva O71 Alcohol consumption among nursing students: where does education fail? Isabel Barroso, Leila Lapa, Cristina Antunes O72 Labour stress in nursing Ana Gonçalves, Ana Galvão, Mª José Gomes, Susana R. Escanciano O73 The influence of safe staff nursing in patient satisfaction with nursing care Maria Freitas, Pedro Parreira, João Marôco O74 Intention to use eHealth strategies with nursing students Ana R. Fernandes, Cremilde Cabral, Samuel Alves, Pedro Sousa O75 Community Based Mental Health: contributions of an interdisciplinary international program for students in higher health education António Ferreira, Fernanda Príncipe, Ulla-Maija Seppänen, Margarida Ferreira, Maribel Carvalhais, Marilene Silva O76 Study of satisfaction at work of graduates in nursing: 2002-2014 Manuela Ferreira, Joana Silva, Jéssica Neves, Diana Costa, Bruno Santos, Soraia Duarte O77 Health professionals’ attitudes towards breastfeeding Sílvia Marques, Sónia Ramalho, Isabel Mendes O78 Continuity of nursing care to person with type 2 diabetes Clarisse Louro, Eva Menino, Maria Dixe, Sara S. Dias O79 Stigma toward mental illness among future health professionals Marina Cordeiro, Catarina Tomás, Ana Querido, Daniel Carvalho, João Gomes O80 Working with fears and anxieties of medical students in search of a humanized care Frederico C. Valim, Joyce O. Costa, Lúcia G. Bernardes P16 Surgical paediatrics patients’ psycho prophylaxis at a teaching hospital Helena Prebianchi P17 Patient-perceived outcomes in physiotherapy – a pilot study Marlene Cristina Rosa P18 Building competencies for managers in nursing Narcisa Gonçalves, Maria M. Martins, Paulina Kurcgant P19 Theoretical basis underlying physiotherapy practice in stroke rehabilitation André Vieira P20 When the life-cycle ends: the nurse’s confrontation with death Sandrina Bento, Sérgio Deodato, Isabel Rabiais P21 Nursing students’ opinion about the supervision relationship during their first clinical experience Laura Reis P22 Nursing Relational Laboratory: Pedagogical, dialogic and critical project Ana Torres, Sérgio Soares, Margarida Ferreira, Pedro Graça P23 Job satisfaction of bioscientists at a Lisbon hospital Céu Leitão, Renato Abreu, Fernando Bellém, Ana Almeida, Edna Ribeiro-Varandas, Ana Tavares P24 Sociodemographic and professional profile of nurses and its relation with the importance of family in nursing practices João G. Frade, Carolina Henriques, Eva Menino, Clarisse Louro, Célia Jordão P25 Professional satisfaction of rehabilitation nurses Sofia Neco, Carminda Morais, Pedro Ferreira P26 The person living with a stoma: the formalization of knowledge in nursing Carla R. Silva, Alice Brito, Antónia Silva P27 Validation of the Portuguese versions of the nursing students’ perceptions of learning and learner satisfaction with simulation tool Hugo Duarte, Maria Dos Anjos Dixe, Pedro Sousa P28 Physiotherapists’ perceived knowledge on technologies for electronic health records for physiotherapy Gabriela Postolache, Raul Oliveira, Isabel Moreira, Luísa Pedro, Sónia Vicente, Samuel Domingos, Octavian Postolache P29 Quality of life and physical activity of medicine undergraduate students in the University of Southern Santa Catarina, Brazil Darlen Silva, João G. Filho, Nazare Nazario, Marcia Kretzer, Dulcineia Schneider P30 The curricular skills for decision making education in a Nursing Degree Fátima M. Marques P31 Effect of nurses’ mobilization in satisfaction at work and turnover: An empirical study in the hospital setting Pedro Parreira, Carla Carvalho, Lisete M. Mónico, Carlos Pinto, Sara Vicente, São João Breda P32 Entrepreneurial skills of students of polytechnic higher education in Portugal: Business influences José H. Gomes, Rosa Melo, Pedro Parreira, Anabela Salgueiro, João Graveto, Marina Vaquinhas, Amélia Castilho P33 Design and assessment of e-learning modules for Pharmacology Ângelo Jesus, Nuno Duarte, José C. Lopes, Hélder Nunes, Agostinho Cruz P34 Perspective of nurses involved in an action-research study on the changes observed in care provision: results from a focus group Anabela Salgueiro-Oliveira, Pedro Parreira, Marta L. Basto, Luciene M. Braga P35 Use of peer feedback by nursing students during clinical training: teacher’s perception António Ferreira, Beatriz Araújo, José M. Alves, Margarida Ferreira, Maribel Carvalhais, Marilene Silva, Sónia Novais P36 What’s new on endotracheal suctioning recommendations Ana S. Sousa, Cândida Ferrito P37 Assessment of the nurses satisfaction on the Central Region of Portugal Pedro L. Ferreira, Alexandre Rodrigues, Margarida Ferreira, Isabel Oliveira P38 Study of graduate’s satisfaction with the school of nursing Manuela Ferreira, Jéssica Neves, Diana Costa, Soraia Duarte, Joana Silva, Bruno Santos P39 Partnership between the school of nursing and the hospital: Supervisors´ perspectives Cristina Martins, Ana P. Macedo, Odete Araújo, Cláudia Augusto, Fátima Braga, Lisa Gomes, Maria A. Silva, Rafaela Rosário P40 Coping strategies of college students Luís Pimenta, Diana Carreira, Patrícia Teles, Teresa Barros P41 Emotional intelligence and mental health stigma in health students Catarina Tomás, Ana Querido, Daniel Carvalho, João Gomes, Marina Cordeiro P42 Stigma of mental health assessment: Comparison between health courses Daniel Carvalho, Ana Querido, Catarina Tomás, João Gomes, Marina Cordeiro O81 Short- and long-term effects of pulmonary rehabilitation in mild COPD Cristina Jácome, Alda Marques O82 Phonological awareness programme for preschool children Sylvie Capelas, Andreia Hall, Dina Alves, Marisa Lousada O83 REforma ATIVA: An efficient health promotion program to be implemented during retirement Mª Helena Loureiro, Ana Camarneiro, Margarida Silva, Aida Mendes, Ana Pedreiro O84 Intervention for men who batter women, a case report Anne G.Silva, Elza S. Coelho O85 Immediate effects of Bowen Therapy on muscle tone and flexibility Flávio Melo, Fernando Ribeiro, Rui Torres, Rui Costa O86 Predictive equation for incremental shuttle walk test in adolescents Tânia Pinho, Cristina Jácome, Alda Marques O87 Life satisfaction and psychopathology in institutionalized elderly people: The results of an adapted Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program Bárbara Cruz, Daniel Seabra, Diogo Carreira, Maria Ventura O88 Outcome changes in COPD rehabilitation: exploring the relationship between physical activity and health-related outcomes Joana Cruz, Dina Brooks, Alda Marques O89 Assessing the effectiveness of a Complex Nursing Intervention M Rosário Pinto, Pedro Parreira, Marta Lima-Basto, Miguel Neves, Lisete M. Mónico O90 Psychotherapeutic intervention in addiction disorders: Change in psychopathological symptoms and emotional states Carla Bizarro, Marina Cunha, Ana Galhardo, Couto Margarida, Ana P. Amorim, Eduardo Silva O91 Economic impact of a nursing intervention program to promote self-management in COPD Susana Cruz, José M. Padilha, Jorge Valente O92 Multimodal acute pain management during uterine artery embolization in treatment of uterine myomas José T. Guerrero, Francisco P. Caballero, Rafael B. Santos, Estefania P. Gonzalez, Fátima M. Monago, Lierni U. Ugalde, Marta M. Vélez, Maria J. Tena O93 Fluid administration strategies in major surgery: Goal-directed therapy José T. Guerrero, Rafael Bravo, Francisco L. Pérez-Caballero, Isabel A. Becerra, Mª Elizabeth Agudelo, Guadalupe Acedo, Roberto Bajo O94 Development and implementation of a self-management educational programme using lay-led’s in adolescents Spina Bifida: A pilot study Isabel Malheiro, Filomena Gaspar, Luísa Barros O95 Influence of chair-based yoga exercises on salivary anti-microbial proteins in institutionalized frail-elderly women: a preliminary study Guilherme Furtado, Mateus Uba-Chupel, Mariana Marques, Luís Rama, Margarida Braga, José P. Ferreira, Ana Mª Teixeira O96 High intensity interval training vs moderate intensity continuous training impact on diabetes 2 João Cruz, Tiago Barbosa, Ângela Simões, Luís Coelho O97 Family caregiver of people with pressure ulcer: Nursing intervention plan Alexandre Rodrigues, Juan-Fernando Jiménez-Díaz, Francisco Martinez-Hernández, Bienvenida Rodriguez-De-Vera, Pedro Ferreira, Alexandrina Rodrigues O98 Chronic effects of exercise on motor memory consolidation in elderly people André Ramalho, João Petrica, Pedro Mendes, João Serrano, Inês Santo, António Rosado O99 Impression cytology of the ocular surface: Collection technique and sample processing Paula Mendonça, Kátia Freitas O100 Does sport practice affect the reaction time in neuromuscular activity? Dora Ferreira, António Brito, Renato Fernandes O101 Efficiency of the enteral administration of fibbers in the treatment of chronic obstipation Sofia Gomes, Fernando Moreira, Cláudia Pinho, Rita Oliveira, Ana I. Oliveira O102 Fast decalcifier in compact bone and spongy bone Paula Mendonça, Ana P. Casimiro, Patrícia Martins, Iryna Silva O103 Health promotion in the elderly – Intervention project in dementia Diana Evangelista O104 Prevention of musculoskeletal disorders through an exercise protocol held in labour context Catarina Leitão, Fábia Velosa, Nélio Carecho, Luís Coelho O105 Knowledge of teachers and other education agents on diabetes type 1: Effectiveness of an intervention program Eva Menino, Anjos Dixe, Helena Catarino, Fátima Soares, Ester Gama, Clementina Gordo O106 Treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain: a systematic review of clinical trials of phase II and III Eliana Moreira, Cristiana Midões, Marlene Santos O107 New drugs for osteoporosis treatment: Systematic review of clinical trials of phase II and III Sara Machado, Vânia P. Oliveira, Marlene Santos O108 Promoting hope at the end of life: Effectiveness of an Intervention Programme Ana Querido, Anjos Dixe, Rita Marques, Zaida Charepe P43 Psychomotor therapy effects on adaptive behaviour and motor proficiency of adults with intellectual disability Ana Antunes, Sofia Santos P44 The effect of exercise therapy in multiple sclerosis – a single study case Marlene C. Rosa P45 Physical condition and self-efficacy in people with fall risk – a preliminary study Marlene C. Rosa, Silvana F. Marques P46 Shock waves: their effectiveness in improving the symptoms of calcifying tendinitis of the shoulder Beatriz Minghelli, Eulália Caro P47 Pacifier – construction and pilot application of a parenting intervention for parents of babies until six months in primary health care Mª José Luís, Teresa Brandão P48 The influence of Motor Imagery in fine motor skills of individuals with disabilities Pedro Mendes, Daniel Marinho, João Petrica, Diogo Monteiro, Rui Paulo, João Serrano, Inês Santo P49 Evaluation of the effects of a walking programme on the fall risk factors in older people – a longitudinal pilot study Lina Monteiro, Fátima Ramalho, Rita Santos-Rocha, Sónia Morgado, Teresa Bento P50 Nursing intervention programme in lifestyles of adolescents Gilberta Sousa, Otília Freitas, Isabel Silva, Gregório Freitas, Clementina Morna, Rita Vasconcelos P51 The person submitted to hip replacement rehabilitation, at home Tatiana Azevedo, Salete Soares, Jacinta Pisco P52 Effects of Melatonin use in the treatment of neurovegetative diseases Paulo P. Ferreira, Efrain O. Olszewer, Michelle T. Oliveira, Anderson R. Sousa, Ana S. Maia, Sebastião T. Oliveira P53 Review of Phytotherapy and other natural substances in alcohol abuse and alcoholism Erica Santos, Ana I. Oliveira, Carla Maia, Fernando Moreira, Joana Santos, Maria F. Mendes, Rita F. Oliveira, Cláudia Pinho P54 Dietary programme impact on biochemical markers in diabetics: systematic review Eduarda Barreira, Ana Pereira, Josiana A. Vaz, André Novo P55 Biological approaches to knee osteoarthritis: platelet-rich plasma and hyaluronic acid Luís D. Silva, Bruno Maia, Eduardo Ferreira, Filipa Pires, Renato Andrade, Luís Camarinha P56 Platelet-rich plasma and hyaluronic acid intra-articular injections for the treatment of ankle osteoarthritis Luís D. Silva, Bruno Maia, Eduardo Ferreira, Filipa Pires, Renato Andrade, Luís Camarinha P57 The impact of preventive measures in the incidence of diabetic foot ulcers: a systematic review Ana F. César, Mariana Poço, David Ventura, Raquel Loura, Pedro Gomes, Catarina Gomes, Cláudia Silva, Elsa Melo, João Lindo P58 Dating violence among young adolescents Joana Domingos, Zaida Mendes, Susana Poeta, Tiago Carvalho, Catarina Tomás, Helena Catarino, Mª Anjos Dixe P59 Physical activity and motor memory in pedal dexterity André Ramalho, António Rosado, Pedro Mendes, Rui Paulo, Inês Garcia, João Petrica P60 The effects of whole body vibration on the electromyographic activity of thigh muscles Sandra Rodrigues, Rui Meneses, Carlos Afonso, Luís Faria, Adérito Seixas P61 Mental health promotion in the workplace Marina Cordeiro, Paulo Granjo, José C. Gomes P62 Influence of physical exercise on the self-perception of body image in elderly women: A systematic review of qualitative studies Nelba R. Souza, Guilherme E. Furtado, Saulo V. Rocha, Paula Silva, Joana Carvalho O109 Psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Éxamen Geronto-Psychomoteur (P-EGP) Marina Ana Morais, Sofia Santos, Paula Lebre, Ana Antunes O110 Symptoms of depression in the elderly population of Portugal, Spain and Italy António Calha O111 Emotion regulation strategies and psychopathology symptoms: A comparison between adolescents with and without deliberate self-harm Ana Xavier, Marina Cunha, José Pinto-Gouveia O112 Prevalence of physical disability in people with leprosy Liana Alencar, Madalena Cunha, António Madureira O113 Quality of life and self-esteem in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients Ilda Cardoso, Ana Galhardo, Fernanda Daniel, Vítor Rodrigues O114 Cross-cultural comparison of gross motor coordination in children from Brazil and Portugal Leonardo Luz, Tatiana Luz, Maurício R. Ramos, Dayse C. Medeiros, Bruno M. Carmo, André Seabra, Cristina Padez, Manuel C. Silva O115 Electrocardiographic differences between African and Caucasian people António Rodrigues, Patrícia Coelho, Alexandre Coelho O116 Factors associated with domestic, sexual and other types of violence in the city of Palhoça - Brazil Madson Caminha, Filipe Matheus, Elenice Mendes, Jony Correia, Marcia Kretzer O117 Tinnitus prevalence study of users of a hospital of public management - Spain Francisco J. Hernandez-Martinez, Juan F. Jimenez-Diaz, Bienvendida C. Rodriguez-De-Vera, Carla Jimenez-Rodriguez, Yadira Armas-Gonzalez O118 Difficulties experienced by parents of children with diabetes mellitus of preschool age in therapeutic and nutritional management Cátia Rodrigues, Rosa Pedroso O119 E-mental health - “nice to have” or “must have”? Exploring the attitudes towards e-mental health in the general population Jennifer Apolinário-Hagen, Viktor Vehreschild O120 Violence against children and adolescents and the role of health professionals: Knowing how to identify and care Milene Veloso, Celina Magalhães, Isabel Cabral, Maira Ferraz O121 Marital violence. A study in the Algarve population Filipe Nave, Emília Costa, Filomena Matos, José Pacheco O122 Clinical factors and adherence to treatment in ischemic heart disease António Dias, Carlos Pereira, João Duarte, Madalena Cunha, Daniel Silva O123 Can religiosity improve optimism in participants in states of illness, when controlling for life satisfaction? Lisete M. Mónico, Valentim R. Alferes, Mª São João Brêda, Carla Carvalho, Pedro M. Parreira O124 Empowerment, knowledge and quality of life of people with diabetes type 2 in the Alto Minho Health Local Unit Mª Carminda Morais, Pedro Ferreira, Rui Pimenta, José Boavida O125 Antihypertensive therapy adherence among hypertensive patients from Bragança county, Portugal Isabel C. Pinto, Tânia Pires, Catarina Silva O126 Subjective perception of sexual achievement - An exploratory study on people with overweight Maria Ribeiro, Maria Viega-Branco, Filomena Pereira, Ana Mª Pereira O127 Physical activity level and associated factors in hypertensive individuals registered in the family health strategy of a basic health unit from the city of Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil Fabrícia M. Almeida, Gustavo L. Estevez, Sandra Ribeiro, Marcia R. Kretzer O128 Perception of functional fitness and health in non-institutionalised elderly from rural areas Paulo V. João, Paulo Nogueira, Sandra Novais, Ana Pereira, Lara Carneiro, Maria Mota O129 Medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated at primary health care in Coimbra Rui Cruz, Luiz Santiago, Carlos Fontes-Ribeiro O130 Multivariate association between body mass index and multi-comorbidities in elderly people living in low socio-economic status context Guilherme Furtado, Saulo V. Rocha, André P. Coutinho, João S. Neto, Lélia R. Vasconcelos, Nelba R. Souza, Estélio Dantas O131 Metacognition, rumination and experiential avoidance in Borderline Personality Disorder Alexandra Dinis, Sérgio Carvalho, Paula Castilho, José Pinto-Gouveia O132 Health issues in a vulnerable population: nursing consultation in a public bathhouse in Lisbon Alexandra Sarreira-Santos, Amélia Figueiredo, Lurdes Medeiros-Garcia, Paulo Seabra O133 The perception of quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis accompanied in External Consultation of the Local Health Unit of Alto Minho Rosa Rodrigues, Mª Carminda Morais, Paula O. Fernandes O134 Representation of interaction established between immigrant women and nurse during pregnancy to postpartum, from the perspective of immigrant women Conceição Santiago, Mª Henriqueta Figueiredo, Marta L. Basto O135 Illness perceptions and medication adherence in hypertension Teresa Guimarães, André Coelho, Anabela Graça, Ana M. Silva, Ana R. Fonseca O136 A Portuguese study on adults’ intimate partner violence, interpersonal trust and hope Luz Vale-Dias, Bárbara Minas, Graciete Franco-Borges P63 QOL’ predictors of people with intellectual disability and general population Cristina Simões, Sofia Santos P64 Content validation of the Communication Disability Profile (CDP) - Portuguese Version Ana Serra, Maria Matos, Luís Jesus P65 Study of biochemical and haematological changes in football players Ana S. Tavares, Ana Almeida, Céu Leitão, Edna Varandas, Renato Abreu, Fernando Bellém P66 Body image dissatisfaction in inflammatory bowel disease: exploring the role of chronic illness-related shame Inês A. Trindade, Cláudia Ferreira, José Pinto-Gouveia, Joana Marta-Simões P67 Obesity and sleep in the adult population - a systematic review Odete Amaral, Cristiana Miranda, Pedro Guimarães, Rodrigo Gonçalves, Nélio Veiga, Carlos Pereira P68 Frequency of daytime sleepiness and obstructive sleep apnea risk in COPD patients Tânia C. Fleig, Elisabete A. San-Martin, Cássia L. Goulart, Paloma B. Schneiders, Natacha F. Miranda, Lisiane L. Carvalho, Andrea G. Silva P69 Working with immigrant-origin clients: discourses and practices of health professionals Joana Topa, Conceição Nogueira, Sofia Neves P70 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus – what are audiovestibular changes? Rita Ventura, Cristina Nazaré P71 Mental disorders in the oldest old: findings from the Portuguese national hospitalization database Daniela Brandão, Alberto Freitas, Óscar Ribeiro, Constança Paúl P72 Recurrence analysis in postural control in children with cerebral palsy Cristiana Mercê, Marco Branco, Pedro Almeida, Daniela Nascimento, Juliana Pereira, David Catela P73 The experience of self-care in the elderly with COPD: contributions to reflect proximity care Helga Rafael P74 Culturally competent nurses: managing unpredictability in clinical practice with immigrants Alcinda C. Reis O137 Paediatric speech and language screening: An instrument for health professionals Ana Mendes, Ana R. Valente, Marisa Lousada O138 Anthropometric and nutritional assessment in bodybuilders Diana Sousa, Ana L. Baltazar, Mª Helena Loureiro O139 Computerized adventitious respiratory sounds in children with lower respiratory tract infections Ana Oliveira, José Aparício, Alda Marques O140 Role of computerized respiratory sounds as a marker in LRTI Alda Marques, Ana Oliveira, Joana Neves, Rodrigo Ayoub O141 Confirmatory factor analysis of the Personal Wellbeing Index in people with chronic kidney disease Luís Sousa, Cristina Marques-Vieira, Sandy Severino, Helena José O142 Phonological awareness skills in school aged children Inês Cadorio, Marisa Lousada O143 Assessment of early memories of warmth and safeness in interaction with peers: its relationship with psychopathology in adolescence Marina Cunha, Diogo Andrade, Ana Galhardo, Margarida Couto O144 The molecular effects induced by single shot irradiation on a diffuse large B cell lymphoma cell line Fernando Mendes, Cátia Domingues, Susann Schukg, Ana M. Abrantes, Ana C. Gonçalves, Tiago Sales, Ricardo Teixo, Rita Silva, Jéssica Estrela, Mafalda Laranjo, João Casalta-Lopes, Clara Rocha, Paulo C. Simões, Ana B. Sarmento-Ribeiro, Mª Filomena Botelho, Manuel S. Rosa O145 Morpho-functional characterization of cardiac chambers by Transthoracic Echocardiography, in young athletes of gymnastics competition Virgínia Fonseca, Diogo Colaço, Vanessa Neves O146 Prevalence of the antibodies of the new histo-blood system – FORS system Carlos Jesus, Camilla Hesse, Clara Rocha, Nádia Osório, Ana Valado, Armando Caseiro, António Gabriel, Lola Svensson, Fernando Mendes, Wafa A. Siba, Cristina Pereira, Jorge Tomaz O147 Assessment of the war-related perceived threat in Portuguese Colonial War Veterans Teresa Carvalho, José Pinto-Gouveia, Marina Cunha O148 Pulse transit time estimation for continuous blood pressure measurement: A comparative study Diana Duarte, Nuno V. Lopes, Rui Fonseca-Pinto O149 Blood pressure assessment during standard clinical manoeuvres: A non-invasive PPT based approach Diana Duarte, Nuno V. Lopes, Rui Fonseca-Pinto O150 Development and initial validation of the Activities and Participation Profile related to Mobility (APPM) Anabela C. Martins O151 MEASYCare-2010 Standard–A geriatric evaluation system in primary health care: Reliability and validity of the latest version in Portugal Piedade Brandão, Laura Martins, Margarida Cardoso O152 Interrater and intrarater reliability and agreement of the range of shoulder flexion in the standing upright position through photographic assessment Nuno Morais, Joana Cruz O153 Three-dimensional biofabrication techniques for tissue regeneration Nuno Alves, Paula Faria, Artur Mateus, Pedro Morouço O154 A new computer tool for biofabrication applied to tissue engineering Nuno Alves, Nelson Ferreira, Artur Mateus, Paula Faria, Pedro Morouço O155 Development and psychometric qualities of a scale to measure the functional independence of adolescents with motor impairment Isabel Malheiro, Filomena Gaspar, Luísa Barros O156 Organizational Trust in Health services: Exploratory and Confirmatory factor analysis of the Organizational Trust Inventory- Short Form (OTI-SF) Pedro Parreira, Andreia Cardoso, Lisete Mónico, Carla Carvalho, Albino Lopes, Anabela Salgueiro-Oliveira O157 Thermal symmetry: An indicator of occupational task asymmetries in physiotherapy Adérito Seixas, Valter Soares, Tiago Dias, Ricardo Vardasca, Joaquim Gabriel, Sandra Rodrigues O158 A study of ICT active monitoring adoption in stroke rehabilitation Hugo Paredes, Arsénio Reis, Sara Marinho, Vítor Filipe, João Barroso O159 Paranoia Checklist (Portuguese Version): Preliminary studies in a mixed sample of patients and healthy controls Carolina Da Motta, Célia B. Carvalho, José Pinto-Gouveia, Ermelindo Peixoto O160 Reliability and validity of the Composite Scale on Morningness: European Portuguese version, in adolescents and young adults Ana A. Gomes, Vanessa Costa, Diana Couto, Daniel R. Marques, José A. Leitão, José Tavares, Maria H. Azevedo, Carlos F. Silva O161 Evaluation scale of patient satisfaction with nursing care: Psychometric properties evaluation João Freitas, Pedro Parreira, João Marôco O162 Impact of fibromyalgia on quality of life: Comparing results from generic instruments and FIQR Miguel A. Garcia-Gordillo, Daniel Collado-Mateo, Gang Chen, Angelo Iezzi, José A. Sala, José A. Parraça, Narcis Gusi O163 Preliminary study of the adaptation and validation of the Rating Scale of Resilient Self: Resilience, self-harm and suicidal ideation in adolescents Jani Sousa, Mariana Marques, Jacinto Jardim, Anabela Pereira, Sónia Simões, Marina Cunha O164 Development of the first pressure ulcer in inpatient setting: Focus on length of stay Pedro Sardo, Jenifer Guedes, João Lindo, Paulo Machado, Elsa Melo O165 Forms of Self-Criticizing and Self-Reassuring Scale: Adaptation and early findings in a sample of Portuguese children Célia B. Carvalho, Joana Benevides, Marina Sousa, Joana Cabral, Carolina Da Motta O166 Predictive ability of the Perinatal Depression Screening and Prevention Tool – Preliminary results of the dimensional approach Ana T. Pereira, Sandra Xavier, Julieta Azevedo, Elisabete Bento, Cristiana Marques, Rosa Carvalho, Mariana Marques, António Macedo O167 Psychometric properties of the BaSIQS-Basic Scale on insomnia symptoms and quality of sleep, in adults and in the elderly Ana M. Silva, Juliana Alves, Ana A. Gomes, Daniel R. Marques, Mª Helena Azevedo, Carlos Silva O168 Enlightening the human decision in health: The skin melanocytic classification challenge Ana Mendes, Huei D. Lee, Newton Spolaôr, Jefferson T. Oliva, Wu F. Chung, Rui Fonseca-Pinto O169 Test-retest reliability household life study and health questionnaire Pomerode (SHIP-BRAZIL) Keila Bairros, Cláudia D. Silva, Clóvis A. Souza, Silvana S. Schroeder O170 Characterization of sun exposure behaviours among medical students from Nova Medical School Elsa Araújo, Helena Monteiro, Ricardo Costa, Sara S. Dias, Jorge Torgal O171 Spirituality in pregnant women Carolina G. Henriques, Luísa Santos, Elisa F. Caceiro, Sónia A. Ramalho O172 Polypharmacy in older patients with cancer Rita Oliveira, Vera Afreixo, João Santos, Priscilla Mota, Agostinho Cruz, Francisco Pimentel O173 Quality of life of caregivers of people with advanced chronic disease: Translation and validation of the quality of life in life threatening illness - family carer version (QOLLTI-C-PT) Rita Marques, Mª Anjos Dixe, Ana Querido, Patrícia Sousa O174 The psychometric properties of the brief Other as Shamer Scale for Children (OAS-C): preliminary validation studies in a sample of Portuguese children Joana Benevides, Carolina Da Motta, Marina Sousa, Suzana N. Caldeira, Célia B. Carvalho O175 Measuring emotional intelligence in health care students – Revalidation of WLEIS-P Ana Querido, Catarina Tomás, Daniel Carvalho, João Gomes, Marina Cordeiro O176 Health indicators in prenatal assistance: The impact of computerization and of under-production in basic health centres Joyce O. Costa, Frederico C. Valim, Lígia C. Ribeiro O177 Hope genogram: Assessment of resources and interaction patterns in the family of the child with cerebral palsy Zaida Charepe, Ana Querido, Mª Henriqueta Figueiredo O178 The influence of childbirth type in postpartum quality of life Priscila S. Aquino, Samila G. Ribeiro, Ana B. Pinheiro, Paula A. Lessa, Mirna F. Oliveira, Luísa S. Brito, Ítalo N. Pinto, Alessandra S. Furtado, Régia B. Castro, Caroline Q. Aquino, Eveliny S. Martins O179 Women’s beliefs about pap smear test and cervical cancer: influence of social determinants Ana B Pinheiro, Priscila S. Aquino, Lara L. Oliveira, Patrícia C. Pinheiro, Caroline R. Sousa, Vívien A. Freitas, Tatiane M. Silva, Adman S. Lima, Caroline Q. Aquino, Karizia V. Andrade, Camila A. Oliveira, Eglidia F. Vidal O180 Validity of the Portuguese version of the ASI-3: Is anxiety sensitivity a unidimensional or multidimensional construct? Ana Ganho-Ávila, Mariana Moura-Ramos, Óscar Gonçalves, Jorge Almeida O181 Lifestyles of higher education students: the influence of self-esteem and psychological well-being Armando Silva, Irma Brito, João Amado P75 Assessing the quality of life of persons with significant intellectual disability: Portuguese version of Escala de San Martín António Rodrigo, Sofia Santos, Fernando Gomes P76 Childhood obesity and breastfeeding - A systematic review Marlene C. Rosa, Silvana F. Marques P77 Cross-cultural adaptation of the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) for the Portuguese population Sara Luís, Luís Cavalheiro, Pedro Ferreira, Rui Gonçalves P78 Cross-cultural adaptation of the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation score (PRWE) for the Portuguese population Rui S. Lopes, Luís Cavalheiro, Pedro Ferreira, Rui Gonçalves P79 Cross-cultural adaptation of the Myocardial Infraction Dimensional Assessment Scale (MIDAS) for Brazilian Portuguese language Bruno H. Fiorin, Marina S. Santos, Edmar S. Oliveira, Rita L. Moreira, Elizabete A. Oliveira, Braulio L. Filho P80 The revised Portuguese version of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire: A confirmatory factor analysis Lara Palmeira, Teresa Garcia, José Pinto-Gouveia, Marina Cunha P81 Assessing weight-related psychological inflexibility: An exploratory factor analysis of the AAQW’s Portuguese version Sara Cardoso, Lara Palmeira, Marina Cunha; José Pinto-Gouveia P82 Validation of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 for Portuguese women Joana Marta-Simões, Ana L. Mendes, Inês A. Trindade, Sara Oliveira, Cláudia Ferreira P83 The Portuguese validation of the Dietary Intent Scale Ana L. Mendes, Joana Marta-Simões, Inês A. Trindade, Cláudia Ferreira P84 Construction and validation of the Inventory of Marital Violence (IVC) Filipe Nave P85 Portable continuous blood pressure monitor system Mariana Campos, Iris Gaudêncio, Fernando Martins, Lino Ferreira, Nuno Lopes, Rui Fonseca-Pinto P86 Construction and validation of the Scale of Perception of the Difficulties in Caring for the Elderly (SPDCE) Rogério Rodrigues, Zaida Azeredo, Corália Vicente P87 Development and validation of a comfort rating scale for the elderly hospitalized with chronic illness Joana Silva, Patrícia Sousa, Rita Marques P88 Construction and validation of the Postpartum Paternal Quality of Life Questionnaire (PP-QOL) Isabel Mendes, Rogério Rodrigues, Zaida Azeredo, Corália Vicente P89 Infrared thermal imaging: A tool for assessing diabetic foot ulcers Ricardo Vardasca, Ana R. Marques, Adérito Seixas, Rui Carvalho, Joaquim Gabriel P90 Pressure ulcers in an intensive care unit: An experience report Paulo P. Ferreira, Michelle T. Oliveira, Anderson R. Sousa, Ana S. Maia, Sebastião T. Oliveira, Pablo O. Costa, Maiza M. Silva P91 Validation of figures used in evocations: instrument to capture representations Cristina Arreguy-Sena, Nathália Alvarenga-Martins, Paulo F. Pinto, Denize C. Oliveira, Pedro D. Parreira, Antônio T. Gomes, Luciene M. Braga P92 Telephone assistance to decrease burden in informal caregivers of stroke older people: Monitoring and diagnostic evaluation Odete Araújo, Isabel Lage, José Cabrita, Laetitia Teixeira P93 Hope of informal caregivers of people with chronic and advanced disease Rita Marques, Mª Anjos Dixe, Ana Querido, Patrícia Sousa P94 Functionality and quality information from the Portuguese National Epidemiological Surveillance System Sara Silva, Eugénio Cordeiro, João Pimentel P95 Resting metabolic rate objectively measured vs. Harris and Benedict formula Vera Ferro-Lebres, Juliana A. Souza, Mariline Tavares O182 Characteristics of non-urgent patients: Cross-sectional study of an emergency department Mª Anjos Dixe, Pedro Sousa, Rui Passadouro, Teresa Peralta, Carlos Ferreira, Georgina Lourenço O183 Physical fitness and health in children of the 1st Cycle of Education João Serrano, João Petrica, Rui Paulo, Samuel Honório, Pedro Mendes O184 The impact of physical activity on sleep quality, in children Alexandra Simões, Lucinda Carvalho, Alexandre Pereira O185 What is the potential for using Information and Communication Technologies in Arterial Hypertension self-management? Sara Silva, Paulino Sousa, José M. Padilha O186 Exploring psychosocial factors associated with risk of falling in older patients undergoing haemodialysis Daniela Figueiredo, Carolina Valente, Alda Marques O187 Development of pressure ulcers on the face in patients undergoing non-invasive ventilation Patrícia Ribas, Joana Sousa, Frederico Brandão, Cesar Sousa, Matilde Martins O188 The elder hospitalized: Limiting factors of comfort Patrícia Sousa, Rita Marques O189 Physical activity and health state self-perception by Portuguese adults Francisco Mendes, Rosina Fernandes, Emília Martins, Cátia Magalhães, Patrícia Araújo O190 Satisfaction with social support in the elderly of the district of Bragança Carla Grande, Mª Augusta Mata, Juan G. Vieitez O191 Prevalence of death by traumatic brain injury and associated factors in intensive care unit of a general hospital, Brazil Bruna Bianchini, Nazare Nazario, João G. Filho, Marcia Kretzer O192 Relation between family caregivers burden and health status of elderly dependents Tânia Costa, Armando Almeida, Gabriel Baffour O193 Phenomena sensitive to nursing care in day centre Armando Almeida, Tânia Costa, Gabriel Baffour O194 Frailty: what do the elderly think? Zaida Azeredo, Carlos Laranjeira, Magda Guerra, Ana P. Barbeiro O195 The therapeutic self-care as a nursing-sensitive outcome: A correlational study Regina Ferreira O196 Phonetic-phonological acquisition for the European Portuguese from 18 months to 6 years and 12 months Sara Lopes, Liliana Nunes, Ana Mendes O197 Quality of life of patients undergoing liver transplant surgery Julian Martins, Dulcineia Schneider, Marcia Kretzer, Flávio Magajewski O198 Professional competences in health: views of older people from different European Countries Célia Soares, António Marques O199 Life satisfaction of working adults due to the number of hours of weekly exercise Marco Batista, Ruth J. Castuera, Helena Mesquita, António Faustino, Jorge Santos, Samuel Honório O200 Therapeutic itinerary of women with breast cancer in Santa Maria City/RS Betina P. Vizzotto, Leticia Frigo, Hedioneia F. Pivetta O201 The breastfeeding prevalence at 4 months: Maternal experience as a determining factor Dolores Sardo O202 The impact of the transition to parenthood in health and well-being Cristina Martins, Wilson Abreu, Mª Céu Figueiredo P96 Self-determined motivation and well-being in Portuguese active adults of both genders Marco Batista, Ruth Jimenez-Castuera, João Petrica, João Serrano, Samuel Honório, Rui Paulo, Pedro Mendes P97 The geriatric care: ways and means of comforting Patrícia Sousa, Rita Marques P98 The influence of relative age, subcutaneous adiposity and physical growth on Castelo Branco under-15 soccer players 2015 António Faustino, Paulo Silveira, João Serrano, Rui Paulo, Pedro Mendes, Samuel Honório P99 Data for the diagnostic process focused on self-care – managing medication regime: An integrative literature review Catarina Oliveira, Fernanda Bastos, Inês Cruz P100 Art therapy as mental health promotion for children Cláudia K. Rodriguez, Márcia R. Kretzer, Nazaré O. Nazário P101 Chemical characterization of fungal chitosan for industrial applications Pedro Cruz, Daniela C. Vaz, Rui B. Ruben, Francisco Avelelas, Susana Silva, Mª Jorge Campos P102 The impact of caring older people at home Maria Almeida, Liliana Gonçalves, Lígia Antunes P103 Development of the first pressure ulcer in an inpatient setting: Focus on patients’ characteristics Pedro Sardo, Jenifer Guedes, João Simões, Paulo Machado, Elsa Melo P104 Association between General Self-efficacy and Physical Activity among Adolescents Susana Cardoso, Osvaldo Santos, Carla Nunes, Isabel Loureiro O203 Characterization of the habits of online acquisition of medicinal products in Portugal Flávia Santos, Gilberto Alves O204 Waiting room – A space for health education Cláudia Soar, Teresa O. Marsi O205 Safey culture evaluation in hospitalized children Ernestina Silva, Dora Pedrosa, Andrea Leça, Daniel Silva O206 Sexual Self-awareness and Body Image Ana Galvão, Maria Gomes, Paula Fernandes, Ana Noné O207 Perception of a Portuguese population regarding the acquisition and consumption of functional foods Jaime Combadão, Cátia Ramalhete, Paulo Figueiredo, Patrícia Caeiro O208 The work process in primary health care: evaluation in municipalities of southern Brazil Karine C. Fontana, Josimari T. Lacerda, Patrícia O. Machado O209 Exploration and evaluation of potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria isolated from Amazon buffalo milk Raphaelle Borges, Flávio Barbosa, Dayse Sá O210 Road safety for children: Using children’s observation, as a passenger Germana Brunhoso, Graça Aparício, Amâncio Carvalho O211 Perception and application of quality-by-design by the Pharmaceutical industry in Portugal Ana P. Garcia, Paula O. Fernandes, Adriana Santos O212 Oral health among Portuguese children and adolescents: a public health issue Nélio Veiga, Carina Brás, Inês Carvalho, Joana Batalha, Margarida Glória, Filipa Bexiga, Inês Coelho, Odete Amaral, Carlos Pereira O213 Plant species as a medicinal resource in Igatu-Chapada Diamantina (Bahia, Brazil) Cláudia Pinho, Nilson Paraíso, Ana I. Oliveira, Cristóvão F. Lima, Alberto P. Dias O214 Characterization of cognitive and functional performance in everyday tasks: Implications for health in institutionalised older adults Pedro Silva, Mário Espada, Mário Marques, Ana Pereira O215 BMI and the perception of the importance given to sexuality in obese and overweight people Ana Mª Pereira, Mª Veiga-Branco, Filomena Pereira, Maria Ribeiro O216 Analysis and comparison of microbiological contaminations of two different composition pacifiers Vera Lima, Ana I. Oliveira, Cláudia Pinho, Graça Cruz, Rita F. Oliveira, Luísa Barreiros, Fernando Moreira O217 Experiences of couple relationships in the transition to retirement Ana Camarneiro, Mª Helena Loureiro, Margarida Silva O218 Preventive and corrective treatment of drug-induced calcium deficiency: an analysis in a community pharmacy setting Catarina Duarte, Ângelo Jesus, Agostinho Cruz O219 Profile of mood states in physically active elderly subjects: Is there a relation with health perception? Maria Mota, Sandra Novais, Paulo Nogueira, Ana Pereira, Lara Carneiro, Paulo V. João O220 (Un)Safety behaviour at work: the role of education towards a health and safety culture Teresa Maneca Lima O221 Analysis of the entrepreneurial profile of students attending higher education in Portugal: the Carland Entrepreneurship Index application Anabela Salgueiro-Oliveira, Marina Vaquinhas, Pedro Parreira, Rosa Melo, João Graveto, Amélia Castilho, José H. Gomes O222 Evaluation of welfare and quality of life of pregnant working women regarding the age of the pregnant María S. Medina, Valeriana G. Blanco O223 Psychological wellbeing protection among unemployed and temporary workers: Uncovering effective community-based interventions with a Delphi panel Osvaldo Santos, Elisa Lopes, Ana Virgolino, Alexandra Dinis, Sara Ambrósio, Inês Almeida, Tatiana Marques, Mª João Heitor O224 Chilean population norms derived from the Health-related quality of life SF-6D Miguel A. Garcia-Gordillo, Daniel Collado-Mateo, Pedro R. Olivares, José A. Parraça, José A. Sala O225 Motivation of college students toward Entrepreneurship: The influence of social and economic instability Amélia Castilho, João Graveto, Pedro Parreira, Anabela Oliveira, José H. Gomes, Rosa Melo, Marina Vaquinhas O226 Use of aromatic and medicinal plants, drugs and herbal products in Bragança city Mónia Cheio, Agostinho Cruz, Olívia R. Pereira O227 Edible flowers as new novel foods concept for health promotion Sara Pinto, Adriana Oliveira, M. Conceição Manso, Carla Sousa, Ana F. Vinha O228 The influence of leisure activities on the health and welfare of older people living in nursing homes Mª Manuela Machado, Margarida Vieira O229 Risk of falling, fear of falling and functionality in community-dwelling older adults Beatriz Fernandes, Teresa Tomás, Diogo Quirino O230 Musculoskeletal pain and postural habits in children and teenage students Gustavo Desouzart, Rui Matos, Magali Bordini, Pedro Mouroço O231 What's different in Southern Europe? The question of citizens’ participation in health systems Ana R. Matos, Mauro Serapioni O232 Occupational stress in Portuguese police officers Teresa Guimarães, Virgínia Fonseca, André Costa, João Ribeiro, João Lobato O233 Is occupational therapy culturally relevant to promote mental health in Burkina Faso? Inmaculada Z. Martin, Anita Björklund P105 Pay-for-performance satisfaction and quality in primary care Aida I. Tavares, Pedro Ferreira, Rui Passadouro P106 Economic development through life expectancy lenses Sónia Morgado P107 What is the effectiveness of exercise on smoking cessation to prevent clinical complications of smoking? Nuno Tavares, João Valente, Anabela C. Martins P108 A systematic review of the effects of yoga on mental health Patrícia Araújo, Rosina Fernandes, Francisco Mendes, Cátia Magalhães, Emília Martins P109 Healthy lifestyle: comparison between higher education students that lived until adult age in rural and urban environment Pedro Mendes, Rui Paulo, António Faustino, Helena Mesquita, Samuel Honório, Marco Batista P110 Evaluation of the Mobile Emergency Care Service (SAMU) in Brazil Josimari T. Lacerda, Angela B. Ortiga, Mª Cristina Calvo, Sônia Natal P111 Bioactive compounds - antioxidant activity of tropical fruits Marta Pereira P112 Use of non-pharmacological methods to relieve pain in labour Manuela Ferreira, Ana R. Prata, Paula Nelas, João Duarte P113 Mechanical safety of pacifiers sold in Portuguese pharmacies and childcare stores Juliana Carneiro, Ana I. Oliveira, Cláudia Pinho, Cristina Couto, Rita F. Oliveira, Fernando Moreira P114 The importance of prenatal consultation: Information to pregnant women given on a unit of primary care Ana S. Maia, Michelle T. Oliveira, Anderson R. Sousa, Paulo P. Ferreira, Géssica M. Souza, Lívia F. Almada, Milena A. Conceição, Eujcely C. Santiago P115 Influence of different backpack loading conditions on neck and lumbar muscles activity of elementary school children Sandra Rodrigues, Gabriela Domingues, Irina Ferreira, Luís Faria, Adérito Seixas P116 Efficacy and safety of dry extract Hedera helix in the treatment of productive cough Ana R. Costa, Ângelo Jesus, Américo Cardoso, Alexandra Meireles, Armanda Colaço, Agostinho Cruz P117 A portrait of the evaluation processes of education groups in primary health care Viviane L. Vieira, Kellem R. Vincha, Ana Mª Cervato-Mancuso P118 Benefits of vitamins C and E in sensorineural hearing loss: a review Melissa Faria, Cláudia Reis P119 BODY SNAPSHOT – a web-integrated anthropometric evaluation system Marco P. Cova, Rita T. Ascenso, Henrique A. Almeida, Eunice G. Oliveira P120 Anthropometric evaluation and variation during pregnancy Miguel Santana, Rafael Pereira, Eunice G. Oliveira, Henrique A. Almeida, Rita T. Ascenso P121 Knowledge of college students on the amendments of their eating habits and physical activity index in the transition to higher education Rita Jesus, Rodrigo Tapadas, Carolina Tim-Tim, Catarina Cezanne, Matilde Lagoa, Sara S. Dias, Jorge Torgal P122 Muscular activity of a rally race car driver João Lopes, Henrique Almeida, Sandra Amado, Luís Carrão O234 Literacy and results in health Madalena Cunha, Luís Saboga-Nunes, Carlos Albuquerque, Olivério Ribeiro O235 Literacy promotion and empowerment of type 2 diabetics elderly in four family health units of the group of health centers of Dão Lafões Suzete Oliveira, Mª Carminda Morais O236 Mediterranean diet, health and life quality among Portuguese children Emília Martins, Francisco Mendes, Rosina Fernandes, Cátia Magalhães, Patrícia Araújo O237 Health literacy, from data to action - translation, validation and application of the European Health Literacy Survey in Portugal (HLS-EU-PT) Ana R. Pedro, Odete Amaral, Ana Escoval O238 Oral health literacy evaluation in a Portuguese military population Victor Assunção, Henrique Luís, Luís Luís O239 Preferences to Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy – do attachment orientations matter? Jennifer Apolinário-Hagen, Viktor Vehreschild O240 A comparative transnational study in health literacy between Austria and Portugal Ulrike Fotschl, Gerald Lirk, Anabela C. Martins, Isabel Andrade, Fernando Mendes O241 Health literacy and social behaviours: relationship with sexually transmitted diseases? Verónica Mendonça, Sandra Antunes, Isabel Andrade, Nádia Osório, Ana Valado, Armando Caseiro, António Gabriel, Anabela C. Martins, Fernando Mendes O242 Parenting styles and attachment to parents: what relationships? Paula A. Silva, Lisete M. Mónico, Pedro M. Parreira, Carla Carvalho O243 Work-life balance in health professionals and professors: comparative study of workers with shift work and fixed schedule Carla Carvalho, Pedro M. Parreira, Lisete M. Mónico, Joana Ruivo O244 Technology literacy in self-management of diabetes Vânia Silva, Paulino Sousa, José M. Padilha O245 Satisfaction with therapeutic education and its relationship with clinical variables in children with type 1 diabetes Vera Ferraz, Graça Aparício, João Duarte O246 Nutrition-related knowledge in middle-age and older patients with type 2 diabetes Carlos Vasconcelos, António Almeida, Joel Neves, Telma Correia, Helena Amorim, Romeu Mendes O247 Validating the HLS-EU-(PT) questionnaire to measure health literacy in adolescents (CrAdLiSa project: HLS-EU-PT) Luís Saboga-Nunes, Madalena Cunha, Carlos Albuquerque O248 Health education in people with coronary heart disease: Experience of the cardiology department of a hospital on the outskirts of Lisbon Elsa S. Pereira, Leonino S. Santos, Ana S. Reis, Helena R. Silva, João Rombo, Jorge C. Fernandes, Patrícia Fernandes O249 Information and training needs of informal caregivers of individuals with stroke sequelae: a qualitative survey Jaime Ribeiro, Catarina Mangas, Ana Freire O250 Prevention of psychoactive substances consumption in students from 6th grade of Albergaria-a-Velha´s School Group Sara Silva, Irene Francisco, Ana Oliveira O251 Promoting healthy sexuality: shared responsibility for family, youth and educators Helena Catarino, Mª Anjos Dixe, Mª Clarisse Louro O252 Sexual risk behaviour in adolescents and young people Saudade Lopes, Anjos Dixe O253 Knowledge of school staff on type 1 diabetes Mª Anjos Dixe, Eva Menino, Helena Catarino, Fátima Soares, Ana P. Oliveira, Sara Gordo, Teresa Kraus O254 Sexual health in adolescents: the impact of information search in literacy Catarina Tomás, Paulo Queirós, Teresa Rodrigues P123 Improving basic life support skills in adolescents through a training programme Pedro Sousa, João G. Frade, Catarina Lobão P124 Difficulties in sexual education reported by basic education teachers in the city of Foz do Iguaçu - Brazil Cynthia B. Moura, Laysa C. Dreyer, Vanize Meneghetti, Priscila P. Cabral P125 Breast cancer survivors: subjects and resources for information. A qualitative systematic review Francisca Pinto, Paulino Sousa, Mª Raquel Esteves P126 Relationship between health literacy and prevalence of STI in Biomedical Laboratory Science students Sofia Galvão, Ite Tytgat, Isabel Andrade, Nádia Osório, Ana Valado, Armando Caseiro, António Gabriel, Anabela C. Martins, Fernando Mendes P127 Health literacy, risk behaviours and sexually transmitted diseases among blood donors Mónica Casas-Novas, Helena Bernardo, Isabel Andrade, Gracinda Sousa, Ana P. Sousa, Clara Rocha, Pedro Belo, Nádia Osório, Ana Valado, Armando Caseiro, António Gabriel, Anabela C. Martins, Fernando Mendes P128 Promoting literacy in pregnancy health-care Fátima Martins, Montserrat Pulido-Fuentes P129 The lifestyles of the operating assistants of education Isabel Barroso, Gil Cabral, M. João Monteiro, Conceição Rainho P130 Experiences of service-learning health and the literary art: reflections about the health education Alessandro Prado, Yara M. Carvalho P131 Life long swimming – a European Erasmus + project Maria Campos, Liliana Moreira, José Ferreira, Ana Teixeira, Luís Rama DA - 2016/07/06/ PY - 2016 DO - 10.1186/s12913-016-1423-5 VL - 16 Suppl 3 IS - Suppl 3 SP - 200 J2 - BMC Health Serv Res LA - eng SN - 1472-6963 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Postpartum depression and associated factors among postpartum women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis, 2020. AU - Tolossa, Tadesse AU - Fetensa, Getahun AU - Yilma, Mekdes Tigistu AU - Abadiga, Muktar AU - Wakuma, Bizuneh AU - Besho, Merga AU - Fekadu, Ginenus AU - Etafa, Werku T2 - Public health reviews AB - INTRODUCTION: The postpartum period is recognized as a high-risk period for the development of various mood disorders like postpartum depression. Globally, postnatal depression is a serious public health problem that has a negative impact on the mother's health and child development, especially in developing countries. In Ethiopia, even though there are different primary studies conducted on postpartum depression, there is no nationally representative evidence. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the pooled prevalence and associated factors of postpartum depression in Ethiopia. METHODS: Published and unpublished articles from various electronic databases and digital libraries were accessed. This systematic review included studies that were conducted on the magnitude and factors associated with postpartum depression among postnatal women in Ethiopia. A random-effect model was used to estimate the pooled magnitude of postpartum depression with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Inverse variance (I(2)) was used to visualize the presence of heterogeneity, and forest plot was used to estimate the pooled magnitude of postpartum depression. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plots and Egger's statistical tests. A meta-regression and subgroup analysis were computed to minimize underlying heterogeneity. RESULT: Initially, a total of 764 studies were accessed. Twenty-eight full articles were assessed for eligibility criteria, of which twelve studies fulfilled inclusion criteria were included in the final meta-analysis. The overall pooled magnitude of postpartum depression was 22.89% (95% CI 17.75%, 28.03%) with the lowest (12.20%) and highest (33.82%) in the Southern nations region. Unplanned pregnancy, domestic violence, lack of social support, previous history of depression, infant loss, and dissatisfaction in marriage showed a statistically significant association with postpartum depression. CONCLUSIONS: In the current analysis, the prevalence of postpartum depression was high as compared with other developing countries. Routine screening of mothers in the postpartum period and integrating mental health with maternal health care is highly recommended. DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 DO - 10.1186/s40985-020-00136-3 VL - 41 SP - 21 J2 - Public Health Rev LA - eng SN - 0301-0422 2107-6952 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40985-020-00136-3 KW - social support KW - Ethiopia KW - Postpartum depression KW - Systematic review KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - review KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - unplanned pregnancy KW - Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale KW - cesarean section KW - disease association KW - puerperium KW - patient health questionnaire KW - marriage KW - postpartum hemorrhage KW - child death KW - instrumental delivery KW - phase 4 clinical trial KW - vaginal delivery ER - TY - JOUR TI - Violence and sexually transmitted infections in pregnancy. AU - Teixeira, Sérgio Araujo Martins AU - Taquette, Stella R. AU - Monteiro, Denise Leite Maia T2 - Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) AB - OBJECTIVE: To synthesize the knowledge produced in studies about the association between violence and STI during pregnancy. METHODS: In this systematic review, we conducted basic activities of identification, compilation, and registration of the trials. The instruments of data collection were studies that investigated, explicitly, relationships between violence, gestation, and STI, from July 2012 to July 2017, using PubMed, Cochrane Library, SciELO, and LILACS. RESULTS: In all, 26 articles were chosen to form the basis of the analysis of this study. The relationship between violence and STI was observed in 22 of the 26 studies, and in eight of them, the violence was practiced during the gestation period. In two studies, there was no evidence of this relationship. In one study, the lack of care for STI was attributed to the unpreparedness of health professionals. Mental disorders were cited as resulting from STI in three articles and in another as a result of violence. One study found more frequent violence against adolescents, while two others cited gestation as a protective factor. CONCLUSIONS: IPV combines characteristics that have a different expression when the woman is in the gestational period. The literature points to a relationship between IPV against women and the presence of STI. The monitoring of pregnancy, whether in the prenatal or postpartum period, offers unique opportunities for the health professional to identify situations of violence and thus provide assistance. DA - 2019/03//undefined PY - 2019 DO - 10.1590/1806-9282.65.3.475 VL - 65 IS - 3 SP - 475 EP - 484 J2 - Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) LA - eng SN - 1806-9282 0104-4230 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.65.3.475 KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Female KW - partner violence KW - sexual abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - *Intimate Partner Violence KW - HIV Infections/etiology KW - Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/*etiology KW - Sexually Transmitted Diseases/*etiology KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - stillbirth KW - reproductive health KW - child abuse KW - postnatal depression KW - sexual behavior KW - article KW - follow up KW - human KW - Human immunodeficiency virus infection KW - rape KW - sexual violence KW - prenatal care KW - mental disease KW - lowest income group KW - unplanned pregnancy KW - urban area KW - medical history KW - practice guideline KW - sexually transmitted disease KW - prenatal period KW - chlamydiasis KW - spontaneous abortion KW - unwanted pregnancy KW - alcohol consumption KW - gonorrhea KW - disease association KW - puerperium KW - health practitioner KW - distress syndrome KW - demography KW - gestation period KW - gestational age KW - high risk behavior KW - emotional stability KW - low risk population KW - patient autonomy KW - rural area KW - treatment refusal KW - unprotected sex ER - TY - JOUR TI - [Effectiveness of early prevention programs in Germany: a systematic review and a meta-analysis]. AU - Taubner, Svenja AU - Munder, Thomas AU - Unger, Agnieszka AU - Wolter, Silke T2 - Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie AB - The number of scientific evaluations of early preventions programs has considerably increased since the foundation of the national center of early prevention in Germany. Early primary and secondary intervention programs are designed to address parents with little children (prenatal until three years) to improve the parent-child-relationship and parental educational competencies. This is thought to enhance child development and to avoid maltreatment in terms of neglect and abuse. During a systematic review, six data-bases were searched for publications on studies about the effectiveness of early prevention programs in Germany between 2003 and 2013. Eight studies were found to fulfill inclusion criteria and were included in a meta-analysis. In comparison to the control groups the early prevention programs had a small effect on maternal symptom burden (d = 0.28), however there was no effect on maternal competences (d = 0.10) and perceived social support (d = -0.06). In addition, there was no effect on psychic child development (d = 0.05) but no effect on the physical development of the children (d = 0.00). Results are discussed as preliminary due to a current lack of a sufficient amount of studies in Germany. DA - 2013/// PY - 2013 VL - 62 IS - 8 SP - 598 EP - 619 J2 - Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr LA - ger SN - 0032-7034 KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Female KW - Social Support KW - Child, Preschool KW - Pregnancy KW - Treatment Outcome KW - Infant, Newborn KW - *Education, Nonprofessional KW - *Mother-Child Relations KW - *Prenatal Education KW - Child Abuse/*prevention & control/psychology KW - Child Behavior Disorders/*prevention & control/psychology KW - Early Medical Intervention KW - Germany KW - Infant KW - Maternal Behavior ER - TY - JOUR TI - Disclosure of HIV serostatus among pregnant and postpartum women in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. AU - Tam, Melanie AU - Amzel, Anouk AU - Phelps, B. Ryan T2 - AIDS care AB - Disclosure of one's HIV status can help to improve uptake and retention in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV services; yet, it remains a challenge for many women. This systematic review evaluates disclosure rates among pregnant and postpartum women in sub-Saharan Africa, timing of disclosure, and factors affecting decisions to disclose. PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched to identify relevant studies published between January 2000 and April 2014. Rates of HIV serostatus disclosure to any person ranged from 5.0% to 96.7% (pooled estimate: 67.0%, 95% CI: 55.7%-78.3%). Women who chose to disclose their status did so more often to their partners (pooled estimate: 63.9%; 95% CI: 56.7%-71.1%) than to family members (pooled estimate: 40.1; 95% CI: 26.2%-54.0%), friends (pooled estimate: 6.4%; 95% CI: 3.0%-9.8%), or religious leaders (pooled estimate: 7.1%; 95% CI: 4.3%-9.8%). Most women disclosed prior to delivery. Decisions to disclose were associated with factors related to the woman herself (younger age, first pregnancies, knowing someone with HIV, lower levels of internalized stigma, and lower levels of avoidant coping), the partner (prior history of HIV testing and higher levels of educational attainment), their partnership (no history of domestic violence and financial independence), and the household (higher quality of housing and residing without co-spouses or extended family members). Interventions to encourage and support women in safely disclosing their status are needed. DA - 2015/// PY - 2015 DO - 10.1080/09540121.2014.997662 VL - 27 IS - 4 SP - 436 EP - 450 J2 - AIDS Care LA - eng SN - 1360-0451 0954-0121 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - HIV/AIDS KW - Female KW - Social Support KW - Pregnancy KW - Social Stigma KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Postpartum Period/*psychology KW - *Truth Disclosure KW - *Women's Health KW - Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology KW - disclosure KW - HIV Seropositivity/*psychology/transmission KW - Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/*prevention & control KW - PMTCT KW - Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology/*psychology KW - pregnant women KW - sub-Saharan Africa KW - systematic review ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Effect of Intimate Partner Violence on the Physical Health and Health-Related Behaviors of Women: A Systematic Review of the Literature. AU - Stubbs, Anita AU - Szoeke, Cassandra T2 - Trauma, violence & abuse AB - AIM: The long-term effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) on physical health outcomes and health-related behaviors are underresearched in comparison to the effects on mental health and pregnancy. This systematic review examines the recent research in this area from 2012 through 2019. METHODS: SCOPUS, PubMed, EBSCOhost, and gray literature were searched using the key words "intimate partner violence" and "health." To meet inclusion criteria, studies needed to be original research and focus on IPV during adulthood and its effects on the physical health or health-related behaviors of women. Fifty-two studies were qualitatively analyzed, with results grouped into broad categories of effects, including cardiovascular, endocrine, infectious diseases, and health screening. RESULTS: IPV was shown to have negative effects on physical health outcomes for women, including worsening the symptoms of menopause and increasing the risk of developing diabetes, contracting sexually transmitted infections, engaging in risk-taking behaviors including the abuse of drugs and alcohol, and developing chronic diseases and pain. It also has significant effects on human immunodeficiency virus outcomes, worsening CD4+ cell depletion. Results varied regarding the effects of IPV on cardiovascular health outcomes. CONCLUSION: The result of this review demonstrates that women who have experienced violence and abuse are at significantly increased risk of poor health outcomes in a variety of areas and so require specialized and tailored primary care. This review highlights significant gaps in this field of research, particularly in relation to cardiovascular disease, endocrine dysfunction, and neurological symptoms and conditions. It demonstrates a need for additional long-term studies in this field to better inform the health care of women who have experienced IPV and to establish the physiological mediators of these outcomes. DA - 2021/02/05/ PY - 2021 DO - 10.1177/1524838020985541 SP - 1524838020985541 J2 - Trauma Violence Abuse LA - eng SN - 1552-8324 1524-8380 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838020985541 KW - partner violence KW - alcohol abuse KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - and domestic violence < homicide KW - domestic violence KW - mental health and violence KW - violence exposure KW - adult KW - article KW - female KW - human KW - Human immunodeficiency virus KW - nonhuman KW - Medline KW - sexually transmitted disease KW - mass screening KW - primary medical care KW - menopause KW - exposure to violence KW - homicide KW - alcohol KW - cardiovascular disease KW - Scopus KW - diabetes mellitus KW - pain KW - chronic disease KW - high risk behavior KW - communicable disease KW - CD4 antigen KW - endocrine disease KW - endogenous compound KW - field study KW - grey literature KW - human cell KW - neurologic disease ER - TY - JOUR TI - Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and behavioral problems in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis. AU - Silva, Elisabete P. AU - Lemos, Andrea AU - Andrade, Carlos H. S. AU - Ludermir, Ana B. T2 - Jornal de pediatria AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of intimate partner violence during the gestational period and the development of externalizing and internalizing behavioral problems in children and adolescents. SOURCE OF DATA: A meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies was performed, using studies selected from electronic databases. Eligible studies included women who experienced intimate partner violence during pregnancy and their children's behavioral problems. These problems encompass two groups: externalizing problems (expressed by hyperactivity, aggressive and challenging behavior, and delinquency) and internalizing problems (represented by depressive moods, anxiety, and somatic symptoms). The risk of bias was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) and the quality of evidence by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). RevMan 5.3 software was used for the meta-analysis. DATA SYNTHESIS: Of the 687 eligible articles, only seven met all inclusion criteria and consisted of 12,250 mother/child pairs. The age range of the assessed children varied from 10 months to 16 years. The odds of internalizing problems in children exposed to prenatal violence were two-fold higher (OR=2.10, 95% CI: 1.17-3.76) and that of externalizing problems were 1.9-fold higher (95% CI: 1.28-2.83), when compared to children of unexposed mothers. CONCLUSION: The results of this study are consistent with the hypothesis that women's exposure to intimate partner violence during pregnancy may be associated with behavioral problems of their children, emphasizing the need for greater understanding about the vulnerability of children to adversity in early ages. DA - 2018/10//Sep- undefined PY - 2018 DO - 10.1016/j.jped.2018.01.007 VL - 94 IS - 5 SP - 471 EP - 482 J2 - J Pediatr (Rio J) LA - eng SN - 1678-4782 0021-7557 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2018.01.007 KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Adolescent KW - Child KW - Female KW - partner violence KW - anxiety KW - depression KW - Pregnancy KW - Cohort Studies KW - systematic review KW - *Behavioral problems KW - *Child development KW - *Desenvolvimento infantil KW - *Intimate partner violence KW - *Pré-natal KW - *Prenatal KW - *Problemas comportamentais KW - *Violência por parceiro íntimo KW - Adolescent Behavior/*psychology KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Child Behavior Disorders/*etiology/psychology KW - Intimate Partner Violence/*psychology/statistics & numerical data KW - Problem Behavior/*psychology KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - human KW - groups by age KW - prenatal period KW - child KW - mother KW - Newcastle-Ottawa scale KW - adolescent KW - aggression KW - hyperactivity KW - juvenile delinquency KW - problem behavior KW - psychosomatic disorder KW - software ER - TY - JOUR TI - Abuse as a risk factor for prenatal depressive symptoms: a meta-analysis. AU - Shamblaw, Amanda L. AU - Cardy, Robyn E. AU - Prost, Eric AU - Harkness, Kate L. T2 - Archives of women's mental health AB - Depression is the most common mental disorder in pregnancy. An important risk factor in the development of prenatal depression is lifetime history of abuse. The current review quantitatively synthesized research on the association between history of abuse and prenatal depressive symptoms using a meta-analytic technique. A total of 3322 articles were identified through electronic searches of the following databases: PsycINFO, PubMed, CINAHL, and EMBASE Cochrane Collaboration databases between the years of 1980 and 2016. All were independently screened against the following inclusion criteria: articles reporting on original data that included measures of prenatal depression and abuse. Data were extracted by the first and second authors. Descriptive analyses were conducted using Excel version 15.32, and all analyses involving effect sizes were conducted using comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) version 3.0. Seventy articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analyses. Meta-bias detected no publication bias. Abuse had a significant positive relation with prenatal depressive symptoms, with effect sizes in the moderate range for any abuse ([Formula: see text] = 0.287), physical abuse ([Formula: see text] = 0.271), sexual abuse ([Formula: see text] = 0.259), and emotional abuse ([Formula: see text] = 0.340; Cohen 1969. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Academic Press, New York). The meta-analyses found a robust relation between abuse and prenatal depressive symptoms holding across a variety of demographic and study design characteristics. These results reinforce the established association between trauma victimization and subsequent psychopathology, extending current knowledge to specifically address the under-studied area of prenatal depression. These findings highlight the need for women who have survived child or adulthood abuse to receive appropriate referral and psychological treatment to mitigate their risk for prenatal depression. DA - 2019/04//undefined PY - 2019 DO - 10.1007/s00737-018-0900-8 VL - 22 IS - 2 SP - 199 EP - 213 J2 - Arch Womens Ment Health LA - eng SN - 1435-1102 1434-1816 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00737-018-0900-8 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Major Depression KW - Adolescent KW - Child KW - Child Abuse KW - Female KW - Young Adult KW - Depression KW - risk factors KW - Intimate Partner Violence KW - sexual abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - Prenatal Care KW - systematic review KW - *Intimate partner violence KW - *Prenatal KW - *Abuse KW - *Depression KW - *Depressive symptoms KW - *Pregnancy KW - Adult Survivors of Child Abuse/psychology KW - Child Abuse/*psychology KW - Depression/*epidemiology KW - Physical Abuse/*psychology KW - Sex Offenses/*psychology KW - pregnancy KW - Sex Offenses KW - review KW - emotional abuse KW - abuse KW - Adult Survivors of Child Abuse KW - Physical Abuse KW - prenatal depressive symptoms KW - Prenatal Development KW - antenatal depression KW - human KW - quantitative analysis KW - priority journal KW - risk factor KW - data base KW - meta analysis KW - physical abuse KW - demography KW - data extraction KW - statistical analysis KW - effect size KW - behavioral science KW - descriptive research ER - TY - JOUR TI - Maternal exposure to domestic violence and pregnancy and birth outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analyses. AU - Shah, Prakesh S. AU - Shah, Jyotsna T2 - Journal of women's health (2002) AB - BACKGROUND: Pregnant women who experience domestic violence are at increased risk of adverse outcomes in addition to the risks to themselves. Inadequate prenatal care, higher incidences of high-risk behaviors, direct physical trauma, stress, and neglect are postulated mechanisms. Our objective was to systematically review birth outcomes among women who experienced domestic violence. METHODS: Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and bibliographies of identified articles were searched for English language studies. Studies reporting rates of low birth weight, preterm birth, small for gestational age births, birth weight, or gestational age at birth were included. Study quality was assessed for selection, exposure assessment, confounder adjustment, analyses, outcomes assessment, and attrition biases. Unadjusted and adjusted data from included studies were extracted by two reviewers. Summary odds ratio (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the random effects model. Population-attributable risk was calculated. RESULTS: Thirty studies of low to moderate risk of biases were included. Low birth weight (adjusted OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.28-1.82) and preterm births (adjusted OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.27-1.67) were increased among women exposed to domestic violence. As the prevalence of reported domestic violence during pregnancy was low, the population-attributable risk was low. Prospective cohort studies provided robust and consistent results. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal exposure to domestic violence was associated with significantly increased risk of low birth weight and preterm birth. Underreporting of domestic violence is hypothesized. Effective programs to identify violence and intervene during pregnancy are essential. DA - 2010/11//undefined PY - 2010 DO - 10.1089/jwh.2010.2051 VL - 19 IS - 11 SP - 2017 EP - 2031 J2 - J Womens Health (Larchmt) LA - eng SN - 1931-843X 1540-9996 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2010.2051 KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Female KW - risk factors KW - Women's Health KW - Odds Ratio KW - Domestic Violence KW - Pregnancy KW - Risk Assessment KW - Publication Bias KW - Bias KW - Risk-Taking KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - *Domestic Violence KW - *Pregnancy Outcome KW - Pregnancy Outcome KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - Birth KW - Mother Child Relations KW - Bias (Epidemiology) KW - birth outcomes KW - maternal exposure KW - female KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - pregnancy outcome KW - priority journal KW - Medline KW - Cinahl KW - Embase KW - birth weight KW - meta analysis KW - low birth weight KW - clinical trial KW - premature labor KW - bibliographic database KW - small for date infant KW - environmental exposure KW - maternal morbidity KW - gestational age KW - population risk ER - TY - JOUR TI - The significance of neighbourhood context to child and adolescent health and well-being: a systematic review of multilevel studies. AU - Sellström, Eva AU - Bremberg, Sven T2 - Scandinavian journal of public health AB - Growing up in a poor neighbourhood has negative effects on children and adolescents. In the literature it has been concluded that the risk of low birth weight, childhood injury and abuse, and teenage pregnancy or criminality double in poor areas. However, the validity of such studies has been questioned, as they have been associated with ecological or individualistic fallacies. Studies using multilevel technique might thus contribute important knowledge in this field. The present review clarifies the importance of neighbourhood contextual factors in child and adolescent health outcomes, through considering only studies using multilevel technique. Keyword searching of the Medline, ERIC, PsycInfo, Sociological Abstracts, and Social Citation Index databases was performed. Original studies using multilevel technique to examine the effect of neighbourhood characteristics on child and adolescent health outcomes, and focusing on populations in high-income countries were included. Neighbourhood socioeconomic status and social climate were shown to have small to moderate effects on child health outcomes, i.e. birth weight, injuries, behavioural problems, and child maltreatment. On average, 10% of variation in health outcomes was explained by neighbourhood determinants, after controlling for important individual and family variables. This review demonstrates that interventions in underprivileged neighbourhoods can reduce health risks to children, especially in families that lack resources. An analysis of methodological fallacies indicates that observed effects and effect sizes can be underestimated, and that interventions may well have greater impact than this review was able to establish. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006 DO - 10.1080/14034940600551251 VL - 34 IS - 5 SP - 544 EP - 554 J2 - Scand J Public Health LA - eng SN - 1403-4948 KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Adolescent KW - Child KW - Child Abuse KW - Female KW - Poverty Areas KW - Pregnancy KW - *Residence Characteristics KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Infant KW - *Child Welfare KW - *Health Status KW - Child Behavior Disorders/epidemiology/etiology KW - Infant, Low Birth Weight KW - Vulnerable Populations KW - Wounds and Injuries/epidemiology/etiology ER - TY - JOUR TI - Interventions for reducing and/or controlling domestic violence among pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. AU - Sapkota, Diksha AU - Baird, Kathleen AU - Saito, Amornrat AU - Anderson, Debra T2 - Systematic reviews AB - BACKGROUND: Domestic violence (DV) during pregnancy is recognized as a global health problem associated with serious health consequences for both the mother and her baby. Several interventions aimed at addressing DV around the time of pregnancy have been developed in the last decade, but they are primarily from developed countries. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are facing both a mounting burden of DV as well as severe resource constraints that keep them from emulating some of the effective interventions implemented in developed settings. A systematic review was conducted to examine the approaches and effects of interventions designed for reducing or controlling DV among pregnant women in LMICs. METHODS: Electronic databases were systematically searched, and the search was augmented by bibliographic reviews and expert consultations. Two reviewers assessed eligibility and quality of the studies and extracted data independently. The third reviewer was involved to resolve any discrepancies between the reviewers. Due to the limited number of studies and varied outcomes, a meta-analysis was not possible. Primary outcomes of this review included frequency and/or severity of DV and secondary outcomes included mental health, safety behaviours, and use of community resources. In addition, findings from the critical appraisal of studies were utilised to inform the initial draft of Theory of Change (ToC). RESULTS: Only five studies (two randomized trials and three non-randomized trials) met the eligibility criteria. The interventions consisting of supportive counselling demonstrated a reduction in DV and an improvement in use of safety behaviours. One study has embedded the DV intervention into an existing program on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Limited evidence could be drawn for outcomes such as quality of life and the use of community resources. DISCUSSION: This review attempted to address the knowledge gap by collating evidence on interventions aimed at addressing DV among pregnant women in LMICs. The development of a ToC was critical in understanding how certain activities led to the desired outcomes. This ToC can guide the design of future research and development of practice guidelines. The participatory involvement of the stakeholders is recommended to refine the current ToC to support its further development for practice. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO, CRD42017073938. DA - 2019/04/02/ PY - 2019 DO - 10.1186/s13643-019-0998-4 VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 79 J2 - Syst Rev LA - eng SN - 2046-4053 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13643-019-0998-4 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - quality of life KW - Pregnancy KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - *Developing countries KW - *Developing Countries KW - *Domestic violence KW - *Intervention KW - *Pregnant women KW - *Review KW - Domestic Violence/*prevention & control KW - review KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - Human immunodeficiency virus KW - nonhuman KW - outcome assessment KW - pregnant woman KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - meta analysis KW - human experiment KW - counseling KW - middle income country KW - developing country KW - consultation KW - theoretical study KW - registration ER - TY - JOUR TI - Interventions for domestic violence among pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol. AU - Sapkota, Diksha AU - Baird, Kathleen AU - Saito, Amornrat AU - Anderson, Debra T2 - Systematic reviews AB - BACKGROUND: Violence during pregnancy is a global problem, associated with serious health risks for both the mother and baby. Evaluation of interventions targeted for reducing or controlling domestic violence (DV) is still in its infancy, and the majority of findings are primarily from high-income countries (HICs). Therefore, there is an urgent need for generating evidence of DV interventions among pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines will be employed to structure the review. A comprehensive search will be carried out via electronic databases including MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and The Cochrane library. Gray literature will also be scrutinized for potential articles. An optimal search strategy has been developed following consultations with subject-matter experts and librarians. This search strategy will be adapted to the different databases. Experimental studies evaluating DV interventions among pregnant women from LMICs will be included in the review. The review will only include literature written in English. Two reviewers will independently screen and assess studies for inclusion in the review. A third author will resolve any discrepancies between the reviewers. Risk of bias will be assessed based on the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool, and overall quality of the evidence will be judged using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. Findings will be presented with the narrative synthesis, and if applicable, they will be further quantified using random-effects meta-analysis. Effect size, risk ratio for dichotomous variables, and standardized mean differences for continuous variables will be calculated for each outcome using Review Manager 5.3. DISCUSSION: Systematic reviews to evaluate the efficacy of interventions to address DV within the perinatal context have been limited. Hence, no one intervention has emerged as substantially effective towards addressing perinatal DV and associated health consequences. The evidence generated from this systematic review will inform researchers and policy makers about the effectiveness of existing DV interventions among pregnant women in LMICs and provide recommendations for future research in this area. This in turn will contribute towards violence prevention in LMICs. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42017073938. DA - 2017/12/12/ PY - 2017 DO - 10.1186/s13643-017-0657-6 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 254 J2 - Syst Rev LA - eng SN - 2046-4053 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13643-017-0657-6 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Developing Countries KW - partner violence KW - anxiety KW - depression KW - Pregnancy KW - *Social Support KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - *Pregnancy KW - *Developing countries KW - *Domestic violence KW - *Review KW - Domestic Violence/*prevention & control/psychology KW - review KW - Systematic Reviews as Topic KW - perinatal period KW - posttraumatic stress disorder KW - human KW - pregnant woman KW - priority journal KW - social status KW - mental disease KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - prevalence KW - meta analysis KW - perinatal care KW - preeclampsia KW - bibliographic database KW - health care personnel KW - low income country KW - middle income country KW - mood disorder KW - family functioning KW - placenta previa KW - *Intervention studies KW - Pregnancy Complications/*prevention & control ER - TY - JOUR TI - Alternate Nostril Breathing to Reduce Stress: An Option for Pregnant Women Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence? AU - Rung, Ottilie AU - Stauber, Leah AU - Loescher, Lois J. AU - Pace, Thaddeus W. T2 - Journal of holistic nursing : official journal of the American Holistic Nurses' Association AB - BACKGROUND: Stress resulting from intimate partner violence (IPV) on pregnant women causes and sustains poor health and contributes to poor pregnancy and birth outcomes. Appropriate interventions to reduce stress in this population of women are warranted. OBJECTIVE: To present a systematic review and the state of the science of evidence on alternate nostril breathing (ANB) as a holistic intervention for stress reduction for pregnant survivors of IPV, framed by complex adaptive systems theory and psychoneuroimmunology. DATA SOURCES: Eight databases and reference lists of potential articles. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials published between January 2013 and July 2019. PARTICIPANTS: Adults. INTERVENTION: ANB. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHOD: PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. RESULTS: ANB is effective in reducing stress, as measured by psychological and biological indicators. LIMITATIONS: Studies were limited in ethnic and gender diversity, most of the populations being Asian Indian and predominately male. CONCLUSIONS: Use of ANB as a safe and effective holistic intervention for stress reduction shows promise, but research in pregnant survivors of IPV is limited. IMPLICATIONS: Stress reduction benefits may be significant for pregnant survivors of IPV and their fetuses, with minimal risk. DA - 2021/01/18/ PY - 2021 DO - 10.1177/0898010120983659 SP - 898010120983659 J2 - J Holist Nurs LA - eng SN - 1552-5724 0898-0101 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898010120983659 KW - partner violence KW - systematic review KW - intimate partner violence KW - pregnancy KW - stress KW - adult KW - article KW - female KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - pregnancy outcome KW - pregnant woman KW - gender KW - male KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - survivor KW - fetus KW - physiological stress KW - human experiment KW - breathing KW - Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses KW - environmental marker KW - psychoneuroimmunology KW - systems theory KW - alternate nostril breathing ER - TY - JOUR TI - The prevalence of postpartum depression among women with substance use, an abuse history, or chronic illness: a systematic review. AU - Ross, Lori E. AU - Dennis, Cindy-Lee T2 - Journal of women's health (2002) AB - BACKGROUND: Although much is known about risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD), many potentially important clinical variables have still not been investigated. In this systematic literature review, we examine the published evidence for the prevalence of PPD among three populations of women commonly seen by providers of perinatal care: women who use substances, women with current or past experiences of abuse, and women with chronic illness. METHODS: We searched Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library from their start dates through to August 1, 2008, using keywords relevant to depression and each of the three target clinical populations. All published, peer-reviewed papers in English or French were included in the review if a standardized assessment of depression between 3 and 52 weeks postpartum was used and if either the prevalence of PPD in the target population or a comparison of depression scores between the target population and a control group were reported. RESULTS: Seventeen papers were included in the review. There were high rates of PPD among substance-using women and those with current or past experiences of abuse. However, little evidence was found to suggest an increased risk for depression among women with chronic illness. CONCLUSIONS: Few eligible studies were identified for each clinical population of interest. Despite limitations of the studies reviewed, the results indicate that both substance use and current or past experiences of abuse are associated with increased risk for PPD. Targeted clinical interventions for these women may be beneficial. DA - 2009/04//undefined PY - 2009 DO - 10.1089/jwh.2008.0953 VL - 18 IS - 4 SP - 475 EP - 486 J2 - J Womens Health (Larchmt) LA - eng SN - 1931-843X 1540-9996 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2008.0953 KW - Humans KW - Prevalence KW - Risk Factors KW - Female KW - Human Females KW - risk factors KW - women KW - Violence KW - partner violence KW - Drug Abuse KW - substance abuse KW - Substance-Related Disorders KW - Chronic Disease KW - Chronic Illness KW - *Violence KW - systematic review KW - Depression, Postpartum/*epidemiology KW - Risk KW - Substance-Related Disorders/*psychology KW - postpartum depression KW - Postpartum Depression KW - Depression, Postpartum KW - postnatal depression KW - abuse history KW - chronic illness KW - article KW - female KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - women's health KW - priority journal KW - questionnaire KW - risk factor KW - Medline KW - PsycINFO KW - Cochrane Library KW - Cinahl KW - Embase KW - prevalence KW - Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient KW - chronic disease ER - TY - JOUR TI - Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well-being of women who experience intimate partner abuse. AU - Rivas, Carol AU - Ramsay, Jean AU - Sadowski, Laura AU - Davidson, Leslie L. AU - Dunne, Danielle AU - Eldridge, Sandra AU - Hegarty, Kelsey AU - Taft, Angela AU - Feder, Gene T2 - The Cochrane database of systematic reviews AB - BACKGROUND: Intimate partner abuse is common worldwide, damaging the short- and long-term physical, mental, and emotional health of survivors and children. Advocacy may contribute to reducing abuse, empowering women to improve their situation by providing informal counselling and support for safety planning and increasing access to different services. Advocacy may be a stand-alone service, accepting referrals from healthcare providers, or part of a multi-component (and possibly multi-agency) intervention provided by service staff or others. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of advocacy interventions within or outside healthcare settings in women who have experienced intimate partner abuse. SEARCH METHODS: In April 2015, we searched CENTRAL, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and 10 other databases. We also searched WHO ICTRP, mRCT, and UK Clinical Research Network (UKCRN), and examined relevant websites and reference lists with forward citation tracking of included studies. For the original review we handsearched six key journals. We also contacted first authors of eligible papers and experts in the field. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials comparing advocacy interventions for women with experience of intimate partner abuse versus no intervention or usual care (if advocacy was minimal and fewer than 20% of women received it). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently assessed risk of bias and undertook data extraction. We contacted authors for missing information needed to calculate statistics for the review and looked for adverse events. MAIN RESULTS: We included 13 trials involving 2141 participants aged 15 to 65 years, frequently having low socioeconomic status.The studies were quite heterogeneous in terms of methodology, study processes and design, including with regard to the duration of follow-up (postintervention to three years), although this was not associated with differences in effect. The studies also had considerable clinical heterogeneity in relation to staff delivering advocacy; setting (community, shelter, antenatal, healthcare); advocacy intensity (from 30 minutes to 80 hours); and abuse severity. Three trials evaluated advocacy within multi-component interventions. Eleven measured some form of abuse (eight scales), six assessed quality of life (three scales), and six measured depression (three scales). Countries and ethnic groups varied (one or more minority ethnic groups in the USA or UK, and local populations in Hong Kong and Peru). Setting was associated with intensity and duration of advocacy.Risk of bias was high in five studies, moderate in five, and low in three. The quality of evidence (considering multiple factors such as risk of bias, study size, missing data) was moderate to low for brief advocacy and very low for intensive advocacy. Incidence of abuse Physical abuseModerate quality pooled data from two healthcare studies (moderate risk of bias) and one community study (low risk of bias), all with 12-month follow-up data, showed no effect on physical abuse for brief (< 12 hours) advocacy interventions (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) - 0.17 to 0.16; n = 558). One antenatal study (low risk of bias) showed an association between brief advocacy and reduced minor physical abuse at one year (mean difference (MD) change - 1.00, 95% CI - 1.82 to - 0.18; n = 110). An antenatal, multi-component study showed a greater likelihood of physical abuse ending (odds ratio (OR) 0.42, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.75) immediately after advocacy (number needed to treat (NNT) = 8); we cannot exclude impact from other components.Low to very low quality evidence from two intensive advocacy trials (12 hours plus duration) showed reduced severe physical abuse in women leaving a shelter at 24 months (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.77; NNT = 8), but not at 12 or 36 months. Sexual abuseMeta-analysis of two studies (n = 239) showed no effect of advocacy on sexual abuse (SMD - 0.12, 95% CI - 0.37 to 0.14), agreeing with the change score (MD - 0.07, 95% CI - 0.30 to 0.16) from a third study and the OR (0.96, 95% CI 0.44 to 2.12) from a fourth antenatal, multi-component study. Emotional abuseOne study in antenatal care, rated at low risk of bias, showed reduced emotional abuse at ≤ 12-month follow-up (MD (change score) - 4.24, 95% CI - 6.42 to - 2.06; n = 110). Psychosocial health Quality of lifeMeta-analysis of two studies (high risk of bias) showed intensive advocacy slightly improved overall quality of life of women recruited from shelters (MD 0.23, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.46; n = 343) at 12-month follow-up, with greater improvement in perceived physical quality of life from a primary care study (high risk of bias; MD 4.90, 95% CI 0.98 to 8.82) immediately postintervention. Depression Meta-analysis of two studies in healthcare settings, one at high risk of bias and one at moderate risk, showed that fewer women developed depression (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.65; n = 149; NNT = 4) with brief advocacy. One study at high risk of bias reported a slight reduction in depression in pregnant women immediately after the intervention (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.20 to 1.29; n = 103; NNT = 8).There was no evidence that intensive advocacy reduced depression at ≤ 12-month follow-up (MD - 0.14, 95% CI - 0.33 to 0.05; 3 studies; n = 446) or at two years (SMD - 0.12, 95% CI - 0.36 to 0.12; 1 study; n = 265). Adverse effectsTwo women died, one who was murdered by her partner and one who committed suicide. No evidence links either death to study participation. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest some benefits from advocacy. However, most studies were underpowered. Clinical and methodological heterogeneity largely precluded pooling of trials. Therefore, there is uncertainty about the magnitude of benefit, the impact of abuse severity, and the setting.Based on the evidence reviewed, intensive advocacy may improve short-term quality of life and reduce physical abuse one to two years after the intervention for women recruited from domestic violence shelters or refuges. Brief advocacy may provide small short-term mental health benefits and reduce abuse, particularly in pregnant women and for less severe abuse. DA - 2015/12/03/ PY - 2015 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD005043.pub3 IS - 12 SP - CD005043 J2 - Cochrane Database Syst Rev LA - eng SN - 1469-493X 1361-6137 L1 - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.4073/csr.2016.2 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005043.pub3 KW - Quality of Life KW - Humans KW - Female KW - quality of life KW - Time Factors KW - Social Work KW - partner violence KW - sexual abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - social support KW - chronic pain KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Depression/therapy KW - *Counseling KW - *Safety KW - *Social Welfare KW - Spouse Abuse/*prevention & control/psychology/therapy KW - review KW - emotional abuse KW - risk KW - posttraumatic stress disorder KW - health behavior KW - Depression [therapy] KW - Spouse Abuse [*prevention & control, psychology, therapy] KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - major clinical study KW - wellbeing KW - priority journal KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - health care utilization KW - low birth weight KW - premature labor KW - anxiety disorder KW - physical abuse KW - homicide KW - treatment outcome KW - emotional attachment KW - self esteem KW - gestational age KW - fatigue KW - independence KW - patient advocacy KW - physical well-being KW - psychosocial well-being KW - safety KW - self concept ER - TY - JOUR TI - The impact of childhood trauma on psychological interventions for depression during pregnancy and postpartum: a systematic review. AU - Reuveni, Inbal AU - Lauria, Maia AU - Monk, Catherine AU - Werner, Elizabeth T2 - Archives of women's mental health AB - Women who have experienced childhood trauma (CT) are at increased risk for depression during pregnancy and postpartum, pregnancy complications, and adverse child outcomes. There are effective psychotherapeutic interventions to treat depression during pregnancy and postpartum, yet there is a paucity of literature on the impact of CT on treatment outcomes. This review aims to determine whether and how maternal CT history affects the outcomes of psychological interventions for depression during pregnancy and postpartum. PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library searches were conducted to identify papers on psychological interventions designed to treat depression during pregnancy and postpartum in women with CT. Seven manuscripts, describing six studies, met the inclusion criteria (N = 1234). Three studies utilized core principles of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT). Two studies investigated interventions based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). One study was based on a psychoeducation component. Results suggest that IPT-based interventions are beneficial for women with CT. The evidence regarding CBT-based interventions is less conclusive. This review is written in light of the paucity of research addressing the question systematically. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) was the main measure used to assess CT. Trauma related to accidents, illness, and political violence was not included. The results are only applicable to interventions based on either IPT or CBT and cannot be generalized to other forms of psychotherapy. Psychotherapeutic interventions are beneficial for depressed women with history of CT during pregnancy and postpartum; however, further systematic research is needed. DA - 2020/10/10/ PY - 2020 DO - 10.1007/s00737-020-01066-4 J2 - Arch Womens Ment Health LA - eng SN - 1435-1102 1434-1816 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00737-020-01066-4 KW - Depression KW - depression KW - violence KW - Pregnancy KW - cognitive behavioral therapy KW - Systematic review KW - systematic review KW - Childhood trauma KW - Postpartum KW - Psychological interventions KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - No terms assigned KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - Medline KW - PsycINFO KW - Cochrane Library KW - psychoeducation KW - childhood trauma KW - accident KW - Childhood Trauma Questionnaire KW - interpersonal psychotherapy ER - TY - JOUR TI - Psychosocial Risk Factors for Perinatal Depression among Female Adolescents: A Systematic Review. AU - Recto, Pamela AU - Champion, Jane Dimmitt T2 - Issues in mental health nursing AB - Perinatal depression is a health concern among pregnant and postpartum adolescents as it may negatively impact fetal development and result in complications such as preterm delivery, low infant birth weight, and poor maternal-infant attachment. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine psychosocial risk factors for depression among adolescents during pregnancy and postpartum. A literature search was conducted from five databases from 1995 to 2016. A total of 17 studies matched the inclusion criteria. Lack of social support, perceived stress, prior history of depression, and a history of sexual or physical violence were most frequently identified as potential risk factors for perinatal depression. Additional risk factors include the adolescent's perception of her pregnancy, family criticism, self-efficacy, self-esteem, substance use, parental stress, community violence, anxiety, and African-American ethnicity. Research and clinical implications are indicated for adolescents at risk for perinatal depression. DA - 2017/08//undefined PY - 2017 DO - 10.1080/01612840.2017.1330908 VL - 38 IS - 8 SP - 633 EP - 642 J2 - Issues Ment Health Nurs LA - eng SN - 1096-4673 0161-2840 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01612840.2017.1330908 KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Major Depression KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Human Females KW - risk factors KW - Psychosocial Factors KW - depression KW - Adolescent Pregnancy KW - Pregnancy KW - Depressive Disorder/*etiology KW - Pregnancy Complications/*etiology/*psychology KW - pregnancy KW - Perinatal Period KW - Adolescent Characteristics KW - female adolescents KW - perinatal depression KW - psychosocial factors KW - female KW - human KW - risk factor KW - psychology KW - pregnancy complication KW - adolescent ER - TY - JOUR TI - Prenatal alcohol exposure and traumatic childhood experiences: A systematic review. AU - Price, Alan AU - Cook, Penny A. AU - Norgate, Sarah AU - Mukherjee, Raja T2 - Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews AB - Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and traumatic childhood experiences (trauma) such as abuse or neglect can each cause central nervous system neurobiological changes or structural damage which can manifest as cognitive and behavioural dysfunction. In cases where both exposures have occurred, the risk of neurodevelopmental impairment may be greater, but this interaction has not been well studied. Here we present a systematic review that identified five primary research studies which investigated either the impact of trauma in children with PAE, or of PAE in children with trauma. Due to the heterogeneity of studies, narrative analysis was applied. Children in these cohorts with both exposures were more likely to show deficits in language, attention, memory and intelligence, and exhibit more severe behavioural problems than children with one exposure in absence of the other. However, the current literature is scarce and methodologically flawed. Further studies are required that: assess dual exposure in other neurodevelopmental domains; feature developmentally impaired yet non-exposed controls; and account for the wide spectrum of effects and different diagnostic criteria associated with PAE. DA - 2017/09//undefined PY - 2017 DO - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.05.018 VL - 80 SP - 89 EP - 98 J2 - Neurosci Biobehav Rev LA - eng SN - 1873-7528 0149-7634 KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Systematic review KW - Child Abuse/*psychology KW - Child Development/*drug effects KW - Ethanol/*adverse effects KW - FASD KW - Maltreatment KW - Prenatal alcohol exposure KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*psychology KW - Trauma ER - TY - JOUR TI - Research-based interventions for children and youth with a Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: revealing the gap. AU - Premji, S. AU - Benzies, K. AU - Serrett, K. AU - Hayden, K. A. T2 - Child: care, health and development AB - BACKGROUND: Alcohol use during pregnancy can result in a continuum of effects including growth deficits, dysmorphology and/or complex patterns of behavioural and cognitive difficulties that influence an individual's functioning throughout their lifespan. We conducted a systematic review to identify research-based interventions for children and youth with a Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder and areas for future study. METHODS: We identified the substantive literature by searching 40 peer-reviewed and 23 grey literature databases, as well as reference lists. We hand-searched eight relevant journals, and undertook a systematic search of Internet sites and review of reports and documents received from key stakeholders. Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility and quality, and extracted data. Given the small number of studies that met all inclusion criteria, both experimental and quasi-experimental studies were included. RESULTS: Ten intervention studies were identified, of which three were experimental or quasi-experimental, and four were non-experimental. Despite multiple attempts, three studies (two in foreign languages and one unpublished) could not be acquired. A meta-analysis could not be undertaken because the included studies examined different interventions or outcomes. Interventions targeted in the included studies were as follows: (i) psychostimulant medications (methyphenidate, pemoline and dextroamphetamine); and (ii) Cognitive Control Therapy. The identified studies were limited by very small sample sizes and weak designs. CONCLUSION: There is limited scientific evidence upon which to draw recommendations regarding efficacious interventions for children and youth with a Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. Clinicians, researchers, service providers, educators, policy makers, affected children and youth and their families, and others need to urgently collaborate to develop a comprehensive research agenda for this population. DA - 2007/07//undefined PY - 2007 DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2006.00692.x VL - 33 IS - 4 SP - 389 EP - 397; discussion 398-400 J2 - Child Care Health Dev LA - eng SN - 0305-1862 KW - Humans KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Adolescent KW - Child KW - Child Abuse KW - Female KW - Social Support KW - Child, Preschool KW - Pregnancy KW - Health Services Research KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Infant KW - Behavioral Symptoms KW - Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/*diagnosis/*therapy KW - Physician-Patient Relations KW - Physician's Role KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/diagnosis/*therapy ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of parenting education with expectant and new parents: a meta-analysis. AU - Pinquart, Martin AU - Teubert, Daniela T2 - Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) AB - The present meta-analysis integrates the effects of randomized controlled trials that focus on promoting effective parenting in the transition to parenthood. We included 142 papers on interventions which started during pregnancy or in the first 6 months after birth. Computations were based on random-effects models. On average, interventions had small to very small significant effects on parenting (d = .35 SD units), parental stress (d = .20), child abuse (d = .13), health-promoting behavior of parents (d=.15), cognitive development (d = .24), social development (d = .30), motor development of the child (d = .15), child mental health (d = .40), parental mental health (d = .31), and couple adjustment (d = .13). Most of the effects were maintained at follow-up. Effects varied by onset of the intervention, delivery mode, qualification of the intervener, length of intervention, intervention goals, and gender distribution. In addition, we found that older studies reported greater effect sizes. We conclude that parenting-focused interventions are effective and should be made accessible to more expectant and new parents. DA - 2010/06//undefined PY - 2010 DO - 10.1037/a0019691 VL - 24 IS - 3 SP - 316 EP - 327 J2 - J Fam Psychol LA - eng SN - 1939-1293 0893-3200 KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Risk Factors KW - Child KW - Female KW - Sex Factors KW - Pregnancy KW - Child Welfare KW - *Education KW - *Parenting KW - Child Abuse/psychology KW - Child Development KW - Linear Models KW - Marriage ER - TY - JOUR TI - Traumatic injuries to the pregnant patient: a critical literature review. AU - Petrone, P. AU - Jiménez-Morillas, P. AU - Axelrad, A. AU - Marini, C. P. T2 - European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society AB - INTRODUCTION: Trauma during pregnancy is the leading non-obstetrical cause of maternal death and a significant public health burden. This study reviews the most common causes of trauma during pregnancy, morbidity, and mortality, and the impact upon perinatal outcomes associated with trauma, providing a management approach to pregnant trauma patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review of the current literature from January 2006 to July 2016 was performed. RESULTS: Fifty-one articles were identified, including a total of 95,949 patients. Motor vehicle crash was the most frequent cause of blunt trauma, followed by falls, assault both domestic and interpersonal violence, and penetrating injuries (gunshot and stab wounds). CONCLUSIONS: Trauma in pregnant women is associated with high rates of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Knowledge of the mechanism of injury is important to identify the potential injuries and the complexity of the management of these patients. As in all traumatic events, prevention is of paramount importance. DA - 2019/06//undefined PY - 2019 DO - 10.1007/s00068-017-0839-x VL - 45 IS - 3 SP - 383 EP - 392 J2 - Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg LA - eng SN - 1863-9941 1863-9933 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00068-017-0839-x KW - Humans KW - Female KW - violence KW - Pregnancy KW - domestic violence KW - Trauma KW - Accidental Falls/*statistics & numerical data KW - Accidents, Traffic/*statistics & numerical data KW - Blunt KW - Domestic Violence/*statistics & numerical data KW - Fetal injuries KW - Penetrating KW - Pregnancy Complications/*epidemiology KW - Prenatal Injuries/*epidemiology KW - Violence/statistics & numerical data KW - Wounds and Injuries/*epidemiology KW - Wounds, Gunshot/epidemiology KW - Wounds, Nonpenetrating/epidemiology KW - Wounds, Stab/epidemiology KW - pregnancy KW - female KW - human KW - pregnancy complication KW - traffic accident KW - falling KW - injury KW - stab wound KW - blunt trauma KW - gunshot injury KW - prenatal injury ER - TY - JOUR TI - Intimate Partner Violence and Perinatal Post-Traumatic Stress and Depression Symptoms: A Systematic Review of Findings in Longitudinal Studies. AU - Paulson, Julia L. T2 - Trauma, violence & abuse AB - The link between maternal violence exposure and adverse obstetric outcomes is well-documented, but less is understood about the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) exposure and perinatal post-traumatic stress symptoms(PTSS) and depression in women around the world. A systematic review was conducted to synthesize empirical literature on the associations between IPV (e.g., before pregnancy, during pregnancy, postpartum) and post-traumatic stress and depression symptoms in the perinatal period. This review acknowledged the effects of IPV exposure timing, timing of assessment, and IPV subtypes. Forty-seven longitudinal studies met inclusion criteria and were reviewed to determine the effects of IPV exposure on perinatal mental health. Findings suggested a strong relationship between IPV exposure and perinatal mental health. Results were more consistent between perinatal mental health and IPV sustained close to or during the perinatal period than for lifetime IPV exposure. In general, physical, sexual, and psychological IPV were independently associated with perinatal depression and PTSS. Findings underscore the importance of theoretically driven research and the development of treatment protocols for women worldwide. DA - 2020/11/28/ PY - 2020 DO - 10.1177/1524838020976098 SP - 1524838020976098 J2 - Trauma Violence Abuse LA - eng SN - 1552-8324 1524-8380 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838020976098 KW - partner violence KW - depression KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - intimate partner violence KW - perinatal KW - post-traumatic stress disorder KW - trauma KW - pregnancy KW - perinatal period KW - posttraumatic stress disorder KW - perinatal depression KW - adult KW - article KW - female KW - human KW - longitudinal study KW - exposure to violence KW - clinical protocol ER - TY - JOUR TI - Intimate partner violence and perinatal health: a systematic review. AU - Pastor-Moreno, G. AU - Ruiz-Pérez, I. AU - Henares-Montiel, J. AU - Escribà-Agüir, V. AU - Higueras-Callejón, C. AU - Ricci-Cabello, I. T2 - BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology AB - BACKGROUND: Physical, psychological and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) has been described in the literature as different types of IPV experienced by women during pregnancy all over the world. OBJECTIVES: To review and summarise systematically the empirical evidence on the links between IPV during pregnancy and the perinatal health of mothers and fetuses/neonates. SEARCH STRATEGY: MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, Embase, Nursing@ovid (Ovid) and LILACS were searched (2008-2018). SELECTION CRITERIA: Observational studies that examined perinatal health outcomes (i.e. pre-term birth, low birthweight, miscarriage, perinatal death and premature rupture of membranes) in pregnant women exposed to IPV. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Information on study characteristics, type of IPV measured, study design, methodological quality and outcome variable extracted. RESULTS: Fifty studies were included. Twenty-nine analysed undifferentiated IPV (n = 25 489), 34 included physical IPV (n = 7333), 22 analysed psychological IPV (n = 7833) and 18 examined sexual IPV (n = 2388). Fifteen studies were from Asia, 12 from North America and Oceania, and 12 from Central and South America. The studies examined the association between IPV and 39 different perinatal health outcomes. The most frequent outcomes reported were pre-term birth (50%), low birthweight (46%), miscarriage (30%), perinatal death (20%) and premature rupture of membranes (20%). A significant association with perinatal health outcomes was reported by 12 of the studies analysing undifferentiated IPV, 18 physical IPV, six psychological IPV and two sexual IPV. CONCLUSIONS: The relation between IPV and perinatal health outcomes can be seen in different epidemiological designs and countries. In all, 39 different outcomes were identified and 29 were associated with IPV. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: A variety of poor perinatal health outcomes are associated with psychological, physical and sexual IPV. DA - 2020/04//undefined PY - 2020 DO - 10.1111/1471-0528.16084 VL - 127 IS - 5 SP - 537 EP - 547 J2 - BJOG LA - eng SN - 1471-0528 1470-0328 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.16084 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - partner violence KW - sexual abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - heart rate KW - Infant, Newborn KW - systematic review KW - *Intimate partner violence KW - Infant, Low Birth Weight KW - *Intimate Partner Violence/psychology KW - *perinatal care KW - *pregnancy outcome KW - *Pregnant Women/psychology KW - *systematic review KW - Abortion, Spontaneous/epidemiology KW - Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/epidemiology KW - Perinatal Death KW - Premature Birth/epidemiology KW - review KW - emotional abuse KW - perinatal period KW - human KW - maternal welfare KW - pregnancy outcome KW - priority journal KW - prenatal care KW - prematurity KW - low birth weight KW - breast feeding KW - maternal hypertension KW - preeclampsia KW - premature fetus membrane rupture KW - spontaneous abortion KW - anemia KW - urinary tract infection KW - disease association KW - perinatal death KW - small for date infant KW - intrauterine growth retardation KW - breathing KW - fear KW - bleeding KW - dystocia KW - fetus distress KW - gestational weight gain KW - oxygen saturation KW - time to treatment ER - TY - JOUR TI - Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and risk of fetal and neonatal death: a meta-analysis with socioeconomic context indicators. AU - Pastor-Moreno, Guadalupe AU - Ruiz-Pérez, Isabel AU - Henares-Montiel, Jesús AU - Petrova, Dafina T2 - American journal of obstetrics and gynecology AB - OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to summarize the results from observational studies examining the risk of fetal and neonatal death (perinatal death) as a function of the experience of intimate partner violence during pregnancy and examine the influence of socioeconomic context indicators on this association. DATA SOURCES: Bibliographic searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and LILACS until March 2019. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: We considered observational studies that provided data on the association between intimate partner violence during pregnancy and perinatal death. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS: Information collected included study characteristics, type, and prevalence of intimate partner violence and the reported association between intimate partner violence and perinatal death. Quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Two reviewers independently conducted all review procedures; disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer. Meta-analyses were conducted based on the specific type of intimate partner violence (physical, psychological, sexual, unspecified) and also based on any type of intimate partner violence, considering 1 effect size per study, regardless of the type of intimate partner violence analyzed. Meta-regression analyses were performed to assess the possible effects of socioeconomic context. The proportion of deaths attributable to the exposure of intimate partner violence based on the crude data from the 3 cohort studies available also was calculated. RESULTS: Seventeen studies were included. The random-effects model showed a statistically significant increase in the odds of perinatal death among women exposed to unspecified intimate partner violence (odds ratio, 3.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.88-5.38), physical intimate partner violence (odds ratio, 2.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.76-3.44), and any type of intimate partner violence during pregnancy (odds ratio, 2.89; 95% confidence interval, 2.03-4.10). Meta-regression analysis showed stronger associations in countries with higher gross domestic product (odds ratio, 1.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.04) and a higher percentage of health expenditure (odds ratio, 1.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.09-1.46). The proportion of deaths attributable to exposure to intimate partner violence in cohort studies was attributable proportion, 60%; 95% confidence interval, 15-81%. CONCLUSION: Pregnant women who experience intimate partner violence during pregnancy may be about 3 times more likely to suffer perinatal death compared with women who do not experience intimate partner violence. It should be a priority to include intimate partner violence screenings or other detection strategies in pregnancy monitoring or family-planning programs because these could help avoid preventable perinatal deaths. DA - 2020/02//undefined PY - 2020 DO - 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.07.045 VL - 222 IS - 2 SP - 123 EP - 133.e5 J2 - Am J Obstet Gynecol LA - eng SN - 1097-6868 0002-9378 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2019.07.045 KW - Humans KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Female KW - Odds Ratio KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - Prenatal Care KW - Infant, Newborn KW - *intimate partner violence KW - systematic review KW - Pregnancy Complications/*epidemiology KW - *pregnancy outcome KW - *Fetal Death KW - *meta-analysis KW - *perinatal death KW - *Perinatal Death KW - Health Expenditures/statistics & numerical data KW - Intimate Partner Violence/*statistics & numerical data KW - Mass Screening KW - Sex Offenses/*statistics & numerical data KW - review KW - risk assessment KW - newborn KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - cohort analysis KW - pregnancy outcome KW - pregnant woman KW - Medline KW - Cinahl KW - Embase KW - prevalence KW - meta analysis KW - fetus death KW - newborn death KW - fetus KW - synthesis KW - Newcastle-Ottawa scale KW - perinatal death KW - observational study KW - gross national product KW - effect size ER - TY - JOUR TI - First-trimester ductus venosus screening for cardiac defects: a meta-analysis. AU - Papatheodorou, S. I. AU - Evangelou, E. AU - Makrydimas, G. AU - Ioannidis, J. P. A. T2 - BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology AB - BACKGROUND: Heart defects are the most common congenital abnormalities. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate in a meta-analysis the screening performance of abnormal ductus venosus (DV) Doppler waveform for detection of congenital heart disease (CHD) in chromosomally normal fetuses. SEARCH STRATEGY: Studies were retrieved from a search of MEDLINE, ISI, SCOPUS and EMBASE (from 1999 to March 2011) using the keywords 'ductus venosus', 'DV', 'chromosomal abnormalities', 'congenital heart disease' and 'nuchal translucency'. SELECTION CRITERIA: We considered all studies that examined the diagnostic performance of DV in the first trimester for CHD in chromosomally normal fetuses. We included studies that were limited to fetuses with increased nuchal translucency (NT), normal NT, and studies that examined fetuses regardless of NT status. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Seven studies (n = 50,354) regardless of the NT status, nine studies (n = 2908) with increased NT and seven studies (n = 47,610) with normal NT were included in the meta-analysis. We drew hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) curves using the parameters of the fitted models. MAIN RESULTS: In populations including participants regardless of NT status, the summary sensitivity and specificity of DV for detecting CHD were 50 and 93%, respectively. In participants with increased NT, the summary sensitivity and specificity were 83 and 80%, and in those with normal NT, they were 19 and 96%, respectively. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: The estimated performance of DV assessment for detection of CHD in chromosomally normal fetuses can be considered in evaluating the potential use and limitations of this screening test. DA - 2011/11//undefined PY - 2011 DO - 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.03029.x VL - 118 IS - 12 SP - 1438 EP - 1445 J2 - BJOG LA - eng SN - 1471-0528 1470-0328 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0b013e31824b6fd3 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.03029.x KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - *Ultrasonography, Prenatal KW - Fetal Heart/abnormalities/*diagnostic imaging KW - Heart Defects, Congenital/*diagnostic imaging/embryology KW - Nuchal Translucency Measurement KW - Pregnancy Trimester, First KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - review KW - human KW - priority journal KW - screening KW - ductus venosus KW - nuchal translucency measurement KW - first trimester pregnancy KW - meta analysis (topic) KW - meta analysis KW - echography KW - sensitivity and specificity KW - chromosome aberration KW - congenital heart malformation KW - diagnostic accuracy KW - karyotype KW - note KW - congenital heart disease KW - Doppler echocardiography ER - TY - JOUR TI - Exploring How Trauma Is Addressed in Sexual Education Interventions for Youth: A Scoping Review. AU - Panisch, Lisa S. AU - Faulkner, Monica AU - Fernandez, Sofia B. AU - Fava, Nicole M. T2 - Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education AB - Traumatic experiences are common among adolescents and can negatively affect learning and increase the risk of early pregnancy, parenthood, and sexually transmitted infections. Little is known about how current sexual health interventions address trauma. A scoping review was conducted to gain insight into how trauma is addressed in adolescent sexual health interventions. Peer-reviewed studies from the United States published between 2008 and 2018 describing a sexual health intervention for youth were considered. Studies were analyzed to determine if and how trauma was addressed in the interventions. Out of 169 articles initially screened, 29 met inclusion criteria and 23% (n = 6) addressed trauma. Four interventions addressed trauma in the intervention content, while two studies evaluated trauma in outcome measures. Educators can broaden this reach by developing trauma-informed content that is compatible with existing curricula. Ongoing study is recommended to evaluate the impact of trauma-informed content on the sexual knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of youth. DA - 2020/12//undefined PY - 2020 DO - 10.1177/1090198120954398 VL - 47 IS - 6 SP - 880 EP - 893 J2 - Health Educ Behav LA - eng SN - 1552-6127 1090-1981 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198120954398 KW - United States KW - sexual health KW - article KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - sexual violence KW - attitude KW - sexual education KW - injury KW - adolescent KW - childhood adversity KW - clinical article KW - juvenile KW - adolescent sexual health interventions KW - adverse childhood experiences KW - sexual health education KW - trauma-informed KW - victimization ER - TY - JOUR TI - Targeted client communication via mobile devices for improving maternal, neonatal, and child health. AU - Palmer, Melissa J. AU - Henschke, Nicholas AU - Bergman, Hanna AU - Villanueva, Gemma AU - Maayan, Nicola AU - Tamrat, Tigest AU - Mehl, Garrett L. AU - Glenton, Claire AU - Lewin, Simon AU - Fønhus, Marita S. AU - Free, Caroline T2 - The Cochrane database of systematic reviews AB - BACKGROUND: The global burden of poor maternal, neonatal, and child health (MNCH) accounts for more than a quarter of healthy years of life lost worldwide. Targeted client communication (TCC) via mobile devices (MD) (TCCMD) may be a useful strategy to improve MNCH. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of TCC via MD on health behaviour, service use, health, and well-being for MNCH. SEARCH METHODS: In July/August 2017, we searched five databases including The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE and Embase. We also searched two trial registries. A search update was carried out in July 2019 and potentially relevant studies are awaiting classification. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials that assessed TCC via MD to improve MNCH behaviour, service use, health, and well-being. Eligible comparators were usual care/no intervention, non-digital TCC, and digital non-targeted client communication. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We used standard methodological procedures recommended by Cochrane, although data extraction and risk of bias assessments were carried out by one person only and cross-checked by a second. MAIN RESULTS: We included 27 trials (17,463 participants). Trial populations were: pregnant and postpartum women (11 trials conducted in low-, middle- or high-income countries (LMHIC); pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV (three trials carried out in one lower middle-income country); and parents of children under the age of five years (13 trials conducted in LMHIC). Most interventions (18) were delivered via text messages alone, one was delivered through voice calls only, and the rest were delivered through combinations of different communication channels, such as multimedia messages and voice calls. Pregnant and postpartum women TCCMD versus standard care For behaviours, TCCMD may increase exclusive breastfeeding in settings where rates of exclusive breastfeeding are less common (risk ratio (RR) 1.30, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.06 to 1.59; low-certainty evidence), but have little or no effect in settings where almost all women breastfeed (low-certainty evidence). For use of health services, TCCMD may increase antenatal appointment attendance (odds ratio (OR) 1.54, 95% CI 0.80 to 2.96; low-certainty evidence); however, the CI encompasses both benefit and harm. The intervention may increase skilled attendants at birth in settings where a lack of skilled attendants at birth is common (though this differed by urban/rural residence), but may make no difference in settings where almost all women already have a skilled attendant at birth (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.34 to 2.94; low-certainty evidence). There were uncertain effects on maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity because the certainty of the evidence was assessed as very low. TCCMD versus non-digital TCC (e.g. pamphlets) TCCMD may have little or no effect on exclusive breastfeeding (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.07; low-certainty evidence). TCCMD may reduce 'any maternal health problem' (RR 0.19, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.79) and 'any newborn health problem' (RR 0.52, 95% CI 0.25 to 1.06) reported up to 10 days postpartum (low-certainty evidence), though the CI for the latter includes benefit and harm. The effect on health service use is unknown due to a lack of studies. TCCMD versus digital non-targeted communication No studies reported behavioural, health, or well-being outcomes for this comparison. For use of health services, there are uncertain effects for the presence of a skilled attendant at birth due to very low-certainty evidence, and the intervention may make little or no difference to attendance for antenatal influenza vaccination (RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.58), though the CI encompasses both benefit and harm (low-certainty evidence). Pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV TCCMD versus standard care For behaviours, TCCMD may make little or no difference to maternal and infant adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) therapy (low-certainty evidence). For health service use, TCC mobile telephone reminders may increase use of antenatal care slightly (mean difference (MD) 1.5, 95% CI -0.36 to 3.36; low-certainty evidence). The effect on the proportion of births occurring in a health facility is uncertain due to very low-certainty evidence. For health and well-being outcomes, there was an uncertain intervention effect on neonatal death or stillbirth, and infant HIV due to very low-certainty evidence. No studies reported on maternal mortality or morbidity. TCCMD versus non-digital TCC The effect is unknown due to lack of studies reporting this comparison. TCCMD versus digital non-targeted communication TCCMD may increase infant ARV/prevention of mother-to-child transmission treatment adherence (RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.48; low-certainty evidence). The effect on other outcomes is unknown due to lack of studies. Parents of children aged less than five years No studies reported on correct treatment, nutritional, or health outcomes. TCCMD versus standard care Based on 10 trials, TCCMD may modestly increase health service use (vaccinations and HIV care) (RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.34; low-certainty evidence); however, the effect estimates varied widely between studies. TCCMD versus non-digital TCC TCCMD may increase attendance for vaccinations (RR 1.13, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.28; low-certainty evidence), and may make little or no difference to oral hygiene practices (low-certainty evidence). TCCMD versus digital non-targeted communication TCCMD may reduce attendance for vaccinations, but the CI encompasses both benefit and harm (RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.33 to 1.20; low-certainty evidence). No trials in any population reported data on unintended consequences. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: The effect of TCCMD for most outcomes is uncertain. There may be improvements for some outcomes using targeted communication but these findings were of low certainty. High-quality, adequately powered trials and cost-effectiveness analyses are required to reliably ascertain the effects and relative benefits of TCCMD. Future studies should measure potential unintended consequences, such as partner violence or breaches of confidentiality. DA - 2020/07/14/ PY - 2020 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD013679 VL - 8 SP - CD013679 J2 - Cochrane Database Syst Rev LA - eng SN - 1469-493X 1361-6137 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD013679 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Health Behavior KW - Health Status KW - Child, Preschool KW - Pregnancy KW - Text Messaging KW - text message KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Infant KW - systematic review KW - *Cell Phone KW - *Communication KW - *Health Services Needs and Demand KW - Breast Feeding/statistics & numerical data KW - Child Health/*standards/statistics & numerical data KW - Delivery, Obstetric/standards KW - HIV Infections/drug therapy KW - Infant Health/*standards/statistics & numerical data KW - Maternal Health/*standards/statistics & numerical data KW - Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data KW - Postpartum Period KW - Prenatal Care/statistics & numerical data KW - Quality Improvement KW - stillbirth KW - review KW - health behavior KW - Breast Feeding [statistics & numerical data] KW - Child Health [*standards, statistics & numerical data] KW - Delivery, Obstetric [standards] KW - HIV Infections [drug therapy] KW - Infant Health [*standards, statistics & numerical data] KW - Maternal Health [*standards, statistics & numerical data] KW - Medication Adherence [statistics & numerical data] KW - Prenatal Care [statistics & numerical data] KW - health service KW - human KW - Human immunodeficiency virus infection KW - maternal welfare KW - publication KW - wellbeing KW - pregnant woman KW - priority journal KW - prenatal care KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - interpersonal communication KW - puerperium KW - newborn death KW - clinical outcome KW - low income country KW - middle income country KW - mobile phone KW - clinical effectiveness KW - high income country KW - health care facility KW - intermethod comparison KW - vaccination KW - multimedia KW - patient compliance KW - targeted client communication KW - voice call ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of the September 11, 2001 disaster on pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review. AU - Ohlsson, Arne AU - Shah, Prakesh S. T2 - Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica AB - BACKGROUND: The terrorist explosions of the World Trade Center in New York City and the other events on the Pentagon and in Pennsylvania on 11 September 2001 were stressful events that affected people around the world. Pregnant women and their offspring are especially vulnerable during and after such a terrorist attack. The objective was to systematically review the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes after the terrorist attacks on Sept 11, 2001. METHODS: The Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) criteria were used for reporting of this review. Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.0. RESULTS: Ten reports of low-to-moderate risk of methodological bias were included. There was increased risks of infants with birthweight of 1,500 g-1,999 g (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.67 [95%CI 1.11-2.52]) and small-for-gestational age births (AOR 1.90; 95%CI 1.05-3.46) in New York. There was increased risks of low birthweight (relative risk 2.25; 95%CI 1.29-3.90) and preterm births (relative risk 1.50; 95%CI 1.06-2.14) among ethnically Arabic women living in California There was a reduction in birthweight by 276 g and in head circumference by 1 cm when DNA adducts, a marker for environmental toxin exposure, were doubled in maternal blood. In Holland, a 48-g reduction in birthweight was reported. CONCLUSIONS: The World Trade Center disaster influenced pregnancy outcomes in New York, among ethnically Arab women living in California and among Dutch women. The adverse outcomes are likely due to environmental pollution and stress in New York, ethnic harassment in California and communal bereavement and stress in Holland. DA - 2011/01//undefined PY - 2011 DO - 10.1111/j.1600-0412.2010.01020.x VL - 90 IS - 1 SP - 6 EP - 18 J2 - Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand LA - eng SN - 1600-0412 0001-6349 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Pregnancy Complications/*epidemiology KW - *September 11 Terrorist Attacks ER - TY - JOUR TI - Screening and intervention for domestic violence during pregnancy care: a systematic review. AU - O'Reilly, Rebecca AU - Beale, Barbara AU - Gillies, Donna T2 - Trauma, violence & abuse AB - Domestic violence (DV) against women during pregnancy affects many women and unborn infants worldwide. Pregnancy presents a window of opportunity for health care providers to identify DV and provide appropriate intervention. The aim of this systematic review was to appraise the effectiveness of DV screening and interventions for women identified for DV through screening in pregnancy. The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were searched from January 1995 to November 2009 to identify potentially relevant studies. Studies using any comparative methodology from both national and international arenas were included but had to be in the English language. Nine studies (13 references) met the inclusion criteria, five for screening and four for interventions. Of the five screening studies, the identification of DV was significantly higher compared to studies that used a nonstandardized screen or no screen at all. There was also evidence that recurrent screening throughout the pregnancy further increased identification rates. There was some evidence that interventions for pregnant women who had experienced DV reduced the amount of violence experienced by these women, but the evidence is very limited by the small number of randomized studies with small participant numbers. Further research is required to establish the most effective interventions for women who are identified at risk of DV during pregnancy. DA - 2010/10//undefined PY - 2010 DO - 10.1177/1524838010378298 VL - 11 IS - 4 SP - 190 EP - 201 J2 - Trauma Violence Abuse LA - eng SN - 1552-8324 1524-8380 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838010378298 KW - Humans KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Female KW - Health Status KW - health status KW - Interpersonal Relations KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - Attitude to Health KW - Battered Women/psychology KW - Mass Screening/*methods KW - Pregnancy Complications/diagnosis/*prevention & control KW - Pregnancy, High-Risk/psychology KW - Pregnant Women/psychology KW - Prenatal Care/*methods KW - Spouse Abuse/*diagnosis/*prevention & control KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - female KW - human KW - pregnant woman KW - prenatal care KW - high risk pregnancy KW - mass screening KW - pregnancy complication KW - human relation KW - socioeconomics KW - psychological aspect KW - battered woman KW - attitude to health KW - methodology ER - TY - JOUR TI - Does a maternal history of abuse before pregnancy affect pregnancy outcomes? A systematic review with meta-analysis. AU - Nesari, Maryam AU - Olson, Joanne K. AU - Vandermeer, Ben AU - Slater, Linda AU - Olson, David M. T2 - BMC pregnancy and childbirth AB - BACKGROUND: Evidence relating maternal history of abuse before pregnancy with pregnancy outcomes is controversial. This study aims to examine the association between maternal histories of abuse before pregnancy and the risk of preterm delivery and low birth weight. METHODS: We searched Subject Headings and keywords for exposure and the outcomes through MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Psycinfo, CINAHL, Scopus, PILOTS, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global and Web of Science Core Collection in April 2017. We selected original studies that reported associations between maternal histories of abuse of any type and either preterm delivery or low birth weight. Studies that included interventions during pregnancy to lower maternal stress but reported no control data were excluded. We utilized the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scales for observational studies to assess the risk of bias in the primary studies. Two independent reviewers performed the selection of pertinent studies, assessment of risk of bias, and data extraction. Unadjusted pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were calculated for the two outcomes of preterm delivery and low birth weight in 16 included studies. RESULTS: Maternal history of abuse before pregnancy was significantly associated with preterm delivery (OR 1.28, 95% CI: 1.12-1.47) and low birth weight (OR 1.35, 95% CI: 1.14-1.59). A substantial level of heterogeneity was detected within the two groups of studies reporting preterm birth and low birth weight (I(2) = 75% and 69% respectively). Subgroup analysis based on the specific time of abuse before pregnancy indicated that childhood abuse increases the risk of low birth weight by 57% (95% CI: 0.99-2.49). When the included studies were categorized based on study design, cohort studies showed the highest effect estimates on preterm delivery and low birth weight (OR: 1.69, 95%CI: 1.19-2.40, OR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.06-2.3, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: We recommend that more high quality research studies on this topic are necessary to strengthen the inference. At the practice level, we suggest more attention in detecting maternal history of abuse before pregnancy during antenatal visits and using this information to inform risk assessment for adverse pregnancy outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registration number: PROSPERO ( CRD42016033231 ). DA - 2018/10/16/ PY - 2018 DO - 10.1186/s12884-018-2030-8 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 404 J2 - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth LA - eng SN - 1471-2393 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-018-2030-8 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Time Factors KW - sexual abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - Age Factors KW - Infant, Newborn KW - systematic review KW - Intimate Partner Violence/*statistics & numerical data KW - *Infant, Low Birth Weight KW - Abuse before pregnancy KW - Child Abuse/*statistics & numerical data KW - Low birth weight KW - Maternal KW - Pregnancy Outcome/*epidemiology KW - Premature Birth/*epidemiology KW - Preterm delivery KW - emotional abuse KW - risk assessment KW - abuse KW - article KW - human KW - pregnancy outcome KW - medical history KW - low birth weight KW - premature labor KW - physical abuse KW - Newcastle-Ottawa scale KW - maternal stress KW - childhood injury ER - TY - BOOK TI - Screening Women for Intimate Partner Violence and Elderly and Vulnerable Adults for Abuse: Systematic Review to Update the 2004 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation AU - Nelson, Heidi D. AU - Bougatsos, Christina AU - Blazina, Ian AB - BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) and abuse of elders and vulnerable persons is common in the United States and often undetected. Screening individuals without obvious signs of abuse in health care settings could identify those at risk and lead to interventions that reduce exposure to violence and abuse and improve health outcomes. PURPOSE: To update the previous 2004 evidence report on screening for IPV and abuse of elders and vulnerable persons for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). DATA SOURCES: We reviewed the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews through the fourth quarter of 2011, and MEDLINE and PsycINFO from 2002 to January 9, 2012, for relevant English-language studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Reference lists of papers and citations of key studies were reviewed manually and by using Scopus. STUDY SELECTION: The screening population included adults who have no obvious signs or symptoms of abuse who interact with health care providers in a number of health care settings. Studies were selected based on preestablished selection criteria using randomized, controlled trials to determine the effectiveness of screening and interventions to reduce abuse and improve health outcomes; studies of diagnostic accuracy to evaluate the ability of screening instruments to identify abused individuals; and studies of any design to determine harms of screening and interventions. DATA EXTRACTION: For studies of screening and interventions, information about the patient populations, study designs, screening methods, types of interventions, followup, methods of analysis, and results were abstracted. For studies of screening instruments, details about the study designs, instruments, reference standards, populations, methods of administration, and results were abstracted. Predefined criteria developed by the USPSTF were used to rate the quality of studies as good, fair, or poor. DATA SYNTHESIS: For IPV, a randomized, controlled trial comparing IPV screening versus no screening in Canadian health care settings indicated that both groups had reductions in IPV recurrence, post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, and alcohol problems, as well as improvements in scores for quality of life, depression, and mental health after 18 months of followup; however, differences between groups were not statistically significant for these outcomes. Six instruments with 1 to 8 items demonstrated sensitivity and specificity >80 percent in clinical populations of asymptomatic women; results varied between studies and across instruments. A trial of pregnant women reported decreased violence and improved birth outcomes with counseling versus usual care. Two trials of home visitation versus no visitation for young mothers resulted in improved outcomes with visitation. Counseling resulted in decreased pregnancy coercion and resolution of unsafe relationships versus usual care in one trial. Two trials of counseling showed improved outcomes in intervention and control groups without differences between them (counseling vs. referral cards, nurse management vs. usual care in pregnancy). For abuse of elder and vulnerable adults, few studies met inclusion criteria. A descriptive study of elderly abused veterans who were identified in primary care clinics and referred to case management found that 5 percent were reported to Adult Protective Services and 6 percent required nursing home placement or conservatorship arrangements. A single instrument, the Elder Abuse Suspicion Index, was evaluated for diagnostic accuracy and had sensitivity and specificity of 9 to 47 percent and 75 to 97 percent, respectively, depending on the number of positive responses to specific questions. LIMITATIONS: Studies of IPV were limited by heterogeneity, lack of true control groups, high and/or differential loss to followup, self-reported measures, inadequate power, recall bias, missing data, Hawthorne effect among control participants, and reference standards that were not credible or replicable in diagnostic accuracy studies. Studies of elder and vulnerable adult abuse were lacking. CONCLUSIONS: A trial of screening showed reductions in IPV recurrence and improvement in related outcomes for both screening and comparison groups, but interpretations are limited by high attrition and the Hawthorne effect. Trials of IPV interventions for pregnant women and young mothers showed improved outcomes for the intervention versus usual care groups. Several instruments have been developed for IPV screening; six instruments with 1 to 8 items demonstrated sensitivity and specificity >80 percent in clinical populations of asymptomatic women, although results varied between studies and across instruments. Studies were lacking to address screening elderly and vulnerable adults for abuse. CY - Rockville (MD) DA - 2012/05//undefined PY - 2012 LA - eng PB - Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US) ER - TY - JOUR TI - Ask Me! self-reported features of adolescents experiencing neglect or emotional maltreatment: a rapid systematic review. AU - Naughton, A. M. AU - Cowley, L. E. AU - Tempest, V. AU - Maguire, S. A. AU - Mann, M. K. AU - Kemp, A. M. T2 - Child: care, health and development AB - BACKGROUND: Neglect is often overlooked in adolescence, due in part to assumptions about autonomy and misinterpretation of behaviors being part of normal adolescent development. Emotional maltreatment (abuse or neglect) has a damaging effect throughout the lifespan, but is rarely recognized amongst adolescents. Our review aims to identify features that adolescents experiencing neglect and/ or emotional maltreatment report. METHOD: A rapid review methodology searched 8 databases (1990-2014), supplemented by hand searching journals, and references, identifying 2,568 abstracts. Two independent reviews were undertaken of 279 articles, by trained reviewers, using standardised critical appraisal. Eligible studies: primary studies of children aged 13-17 years, with substantiated neglect and/ or emotional maltreatment, containing self-reported features. RESULTS: 19 publications from 13 studies were included, demonstrating associations between both neglect and emotional maltreatment with internalising features (9 studies) including depression, post traumatic symptomatology and anxiety; emotional maltreatment was associated with suicidal ideation, while neglect was not (1 study); neglect was associated with alcohol related problems (3 studies), substance misuse (2 studies), delinquency for boys (1 study), teenage pregnancy (1 study), and general victimization for girls (1 study), while emotionally maltreated girls reported more externalising symptoms (1 study). Dating violence victimization was associated with neglect and emotional maltreatment (2 studies), while emotional abuse of boys, but not neglect, was associated with dating violence perpetration (1 study), and neither neglect nor emotional maltreatment had an association with low self-esteem (2 studies). Neither neglect nor emotional maltreatment had an effect on school performance (1 study), but neglected boys showed greater school engagement than neglected girls (1 study). CONCLUSIONS: If asked, neglected or emotionally maltreated adolescents describe significant difficulties with their mental health, social relationships, and alcohol or substance misuse. Practitioners working with youths who exhibit these features should recognize the detrimental impact of maltreatment at this developmental stage, and identify whether maltreatment is a contributory factor that should be addressed. DA - 2017/05//undefined PY - 2017 DO - 10.1111/cch.12440 VL - 43 IS - 3 SP - 348 EP - 360 J2 - Child Care Health Dev LA - eng SN - 1365-2214 0305-1862 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cch.12440 KW - Humans KW - Mental Health KW - Adolescent KW - Child Abuse KW - Social Support KW - Needs Assessment KW - depression KW - social support KW - adolescents KW - Adaptation, Psychological KW - Depression/*diagnosis KW - mental health KW - *Adolescent Health KW - *adolescents KW - *emotional maltreatment KW - *neglect KW - *Self Report KW - *self-report KW - Adolescent Development KW - Adolescent Health Services/*organization & administration KW - Child Abuse/diagnosis/*psychology KW - adolescent development KW - child abuse KW - Adolescent Psychopathology KW - Child Neglect KW - emotional maltreatment KW - neglect KW - Self-Report KW - self‐report KW - human KW - coping behavior KW - psychology KW - child health care KW - organization and management KW - self report KW - adolescent health KW - adolescent KW - needs assessment ER - TY - JOUR TI - Abuse: a risk factor for low birth weight? A systematic review and meta-analysis. AU - Murphy, C. C. AU - Schei, B. AU - Myhr, T. L. AU - Du Mont, J. T2 - CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne AB - BACKGROUND: Abuse during pregnancy is considered to be a potentially modifiable risk factor for low birth weight (LBW). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the strength of association between physical, sexual or emotional abuse during pregnancy and LBW. METHODS: We selected papers for review from an electronic search of MEDLINE (1966-1999), CINAHL (1982-1997) and the Cochrane Library. We retrieved articles using the following MeSH headings and keywords: "infant low birth weight," "fetus," "perinatal care," "pregnancy," "prenatal care," "infant mortality," "violence," "battered women," "spouse abuse," "infant morbidity," "antenatal" and "neonatal." When necessary, we contacted authors to obtain data that were not included in the published material. We analyzed the methodological quality of each eligible study and selected those of the highest quality for meta-analysis. RESULTS: We reviewed 14 studies, of which 8 were selected for meta-analysis. Using a fixed-effects model, we found that women who reported physical, sexual or emotional abuse during pregnancy were more likely than nonabused women to give birth to a baby with LBW (odds ratio 1.4, 95% confidence interval 1.1-1.8). INTERPRETATION: Abuse may be part of a complex interaction of factors that contribute to LBW. DA - 2001/05/29/ PY - 2001 VL - 164 IS - 11 SP - 1567 EP - 1572 J2 - CMAJ LA - eng SN - 0820-3946 1488-2329 KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Female KW - Odds Ratio KW - sexual abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Domestic Violence/*statistics & numerical data KW - *Infant, Low Birth Weight KW - Pregnancy Outcome KW - pregnancy KW - abuse KW - article KW - human KW - maternal welfare KW - prenatal care KW - risk factor KW - infant KW - low birth weight KW - perinatal care KW - infant mortality KW - fetus KW - emotional stress KW - morbidity KW - battered woman KW - family violence KW - physical stress ER - TY - JOUR TI - Male involvement in prevention programs of mother to child transmission of HIV: a systematic review to identify barriers and facilitators. AU - Morfaw, Frederick AU - Mbuagbaw, Lawrence AU - Thabane, Lehana AU - Rodrigues, Clarissa AU - Wunderlich, Ana-Paula AU - Nana, Philip AU - Kunda, John T2 - Systematic reviews AB - BACKGROUND: Many reports point to the beneficial effect of male partner involvement in programs for the prevention of mother-to-child-transmission (PMTCT) of HIV in curbing pediatric HIV infections. This paper summarizes the barriers and facilitators of male involvement in prevention programs of mother-to-child-transmission of HIV. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for studies published in English from 1998 to March 2012. We included studies conducted in a context of antenatal care or PMTCT of HIV reporting male actions that affected female uptake of PMTCT services. We did not target any specific interventions for this review. RESULTS: We identified 24 studies from peer-reviewed journals; 21 from sub-Saharan Africa, 2 from Asia and 1 from Europe. Barriers to male PMTCT involvement were mainly at the level of the society, the health system and the individual. The most pertinent was the societal perception of antenatal care and PMTCT as a woman's activity, and it was unacceptable for men to be involved. Health system factors such as long waiting times at the antenatal care clinic and the male unfriendliness of PMTCT services were also identified. The lack of communication within the couple, the reluctance of men to learn their HIV status, the misconception by men that their spouse's HIV status was a proxy of theirs, and the unwillingness of women to get their partners involved due to fear of domestic violence, stigmatization or divorce were among the individual factors. Actions shown to facilitate male PMTCT involvement were either health system actions or factors directly tied to the individuals. Inviting men to the hospital for voluntary counseling and HIV testing and offering of PMTCT services to men at sites other than antenatal care were key health system facilitators. Prior knowledge of HIV and prior male HIV testing facilitated their involvement. Financial dependence of women was key to facilitating spousal involvement. CONCLUSIONS: There is need for health system amendments and context-specific adaptations of public policy on PMTCT services to break down the barriers to and facilitate male PMTCT involvement. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The protocol for this review was registered with the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) record CRD42011001703. DA - 2013/01/16/ PY - 2013 DO - 10.1186/2046-4053-2-5 VL - 2 SP - 5 J2 - Syst Rev LA - eng SN - 2046-4053 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2046-4053-2-5 KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Sexual Partners KW - Child KW - Female KW - Asia KW - Pregnancy KW - Counseling KW - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice KW - *Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical KW - *Pregnancy Complications, Infectious KW - *Prenatal Care KW - *Preventive Health Services KW - *Spouses KW - Africa South of the Sahara KW - Europe KW - HIV Infections/diagnosis/*prevention & control/transmission KW - HIV Seropositivity/diagnosis KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - sexuality KW - female KW - human KW - Human immunodeficiency virus infection KW - prenatal care KW - male KW - spouse KW - pregnancy complication KW - child KW - preventive health service KW - Africa south of the Sahara KW - counseling KW - disease transmission KW - attitude to health KW - vertical transmission ER - TY - JOUR TI - Economic burden of maternal morbidity - A systematic review of cost-of-illness studies. AU - Moran, Patrick S. AU - Wuytack, Francesca AU - Turner, Michael AU - Normand, Charles AU - Brown, Stephanie AU - Begley, Cecily AU - Daly, Deirdre T2 - PloS one AB - AIM: To estimate the economic burden of common health problems associated with pregnancy and childbirth, such as incontinence, mental health problems, or gestational diabetes, excluding acute complications of labour or birth, or severe acute adverse maternal outcomes. METHODS: Searches for relevant studies were carried out to November 2019 in Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and EconLit databases. After initial screening, all results were reviewed for inclusion by two authors. An adapted version of a previously developed checklist for cost-of-illness studies was used for quality appraisal. All costs were converted to 2018 Euro using national consumer price indices and purchasing power parity conversion factors. RESULTS: Thirty-eight relevant studies were identified, some of which reported incremental costs for more than one health problem (16 gestational diabetes, 13 overweight/obesity, 8 mental health, 4 hypertensive disorders, 2 nausea and vomiting, 2 epilepsy, 1 intimate partner violence). A high level of heterogeneity was observed in both the methods used, and the incremental cost estimates obtained for each morbidity. Average incremental costs tended to be higher in studies that modelled a hypothetical cohort of women using data from a range of sources (compared to analyses of primary data), and in studies set in the United States. No studies that examined the economic burden of some common pregnancy-related morbidities, such as incontinence, pelvic girdle pain, or sexual health problems, were identified. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that maternal morbidity is associated with significant costs to health systems and society, but large gaps remain in the evidence base for the economic burden of some common health problems associated with pregnancy and childbirth. More research is needed to examine the economic burden of a range of common maternal health problems, and future research should adopt consistent methodological approaches to ensure comparability of results. DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0227377 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - e0227377 J2 - PLoS One LA - eng SN - 1932-6203 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0227377 KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Female KW - quality of life KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - *Cost of Illness KW - Medical Informatics KW - Pregnancy Complications/*economics KW - childbirth KW - article KW - human KW - quality control KW - mental disease KW - pregnancy complication KW - maternal hypertension KW - evidence based medicine KW - disease association KW - pregnancy diabetes mellitus KW - clinical research KW - maternal morbidity KW - nausea and vomiting KW - epilepsy KW - incontinence KW - checklist KW - cost of illness KW - economic burden KW - female sexual dysfunction KW - health care system KW - health economics KW - hypothesis KW - maternal obesity KW - model KW - pelvic girdle pain KW - study design ER - TY - JOUR TI - Intimate Partner Violence and Uptake of Antenatal Care: A Scoping Review of Low- and Middle-Income Country Studies. AU - Metheny, Nicholas AU - Stephenson, Rob T2 - International perspectives on sexual and reproductive health AB - CONTEXT: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with negative physical and mental health outcomes. Antenatal care can act as a link to IPV services, but experiencing IPV may be associated with reduced uptake of antenatal care, an issue that has received little attention from researchers. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted to synthesize quantitative research on IPV and uptake of antenatal care in low-resource settings. Keyword searches of PubMed and other databases and snowball searches of reference lists were conducted to identify articles published in 2005-2015 that measured one or more types of IPV (physical, sexual or emotional) or controlling behavior and assessed the relationship of such abuse with use of antenatal care. For each identified article, key characteristics and findings were abstracted, and study quality was assessed. RESULTS: Sixteen articles, representing 10 low- and middle-income countries, met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were of medium-to-high quality but low rigor, reflecting the abundance of cross-sectional studies in the literature. In all 16 studies, IPV was negatively associated with initiation of antenatal care, number of visits or use of a skilled provider. Analyses revealed reduced odds of antenatal care use among women who had experienced IPV (odds ratios, 0.5-0.8) and elevated odds of antenatal care use among women who had not experienced IPV or of nonuse among women who had experienced IPV (1.2-4.1). CONCLUSION: Women in low-resource settings who experience IPV have a reduced likelihood of obtaining optimal antenatal care and may benefit from interventions to mitigate barriers to care. DA - 2017/12/01/ PY - 2017 DO - 10.1363/43e4917 VL - 43 IS - 4 SP - 163 EP - 171 J2 - Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health LA - eng SN - 1944-0405 1944-0391 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1363/43e4917 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Risk Factors KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Female KW - poverty KW - income KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - Qualitative Research KW - Income/*statistics & numerical data KW - Intimate Partner Violence/prevention & control/*statistics & numerical data KW - Poverty/*statistics & numerical data KW - Prenatal Care/*standards KW - Spouse Abuse KW - pregnancy KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - prenatal care KW - risk factor KW - male KW - statistics and numerical data KW - socioeconomics KW - standards KW - qualitative research KW - prevention and control ER - TY - JOUR TI - Food Insecurity and Mental Health among Females in High-Income Countries. AU - Maynard, Merryn AU - Andrade, Lesley AU - Packull-McCormick, Sara AU - Perlman, Christopher M. AU - Leos-Toro, Cesar AU - Kirkpatrick, Sharon I. T2 - International journal of environmental research and public health AB - Food insecurity is a persistent concern in high-income countries, and has been associated with poor mental health, particularly among females. We conducted a scoping review to characterize the state of the evidence on food insecurity and mental health among women in high-income countries. The research databases PubMed, EMBASE, and psycINFO were searched using keywords capturing food insecurity, mental health, and women. Thirty-nine articles (representing 31 unique studies/surveys) were identified. Three-quarters of the articles drew upon data from a version of the United States Department of Agriculture Household Food Security Survey Module. A range of mental health measures were used, most commonly to measure depression and depressive symptoms, but also anxiety and stress. Most research was cross-sectional and showed associations between depression and food insecurity; longitudinal analyses suggested bidirectional relationships (with food insecurity increasing the risk of depressive symptoms or diagnosis, or depression predicting food insecurity). Several articles focused on vulnerable subgroups, such as pregnant women and mothers, women at risk of homelessness, refugees, and those who had been exposed to violence or substance abuse. Overall, this review supports a link between food insecurity and mental health (and other factors, such as housing circumstances and exposure to violence) among women in high-income countries and underscores the need for comprehensive policies and programs that recognize complex links among public health challenges. DA - 2018/07/06/ PY - 2018 DO - 10.3390/ijerph15071424 VL - 15 IS - 7 J2 - Int J Environ Res Public Health LA - eng SN - 1660-4601 1661-7827 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15071424 KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Female KW - anxiety KW - depression KW - substance abuse KW - violence KW - housing KW - policy KW - mental health KW - *mental health KW - systematic review KW - *depression KW - *food insecurity KW - *scoping review KW - *women KW - Anxiety/epidemiology/*etiology KW - Depression/epidemiology/*etiology KW - Developed Countries/*statistics & numerical data KW - Food Supply/*statistics & numerical data KW - Mental Health/*statistics & numerical data KW - Stress, Psychological/epidemiology/*etiology KW - Women's Health/*statistics & numerical data KW - review KW - female KW - human KW - longitudinal study KW - women's health KW - cross-sectional study KW - publication KW - pregnant woman KW - risk factor KW - prediction KW - food insecurity KW - public health KW - disease association KW - physiological stress KW - mother KW - homelessness KW - refugee KW - high income country KW - psychiatric diagnosis ER - TY - JOUR TI - A systematic meta-review grading the evidence for non-genetic risk factors and putative antecedents of schizophrenia. AU - Matheson, Sandra L. AU - Shepherd, Alana M. AU - Laurens, Kristin R. AU - Carr, Vaughan J. T2 - Schizophrenia research AB - INTRODUCTION: Identifying the relative strength of evidence associated with non-genetic risk factors and putative antecedents of schizophrenia will guide research and may inform the design of early detection and intervention strategies. AIMS: To present and quality assess current evidence for non-genetic risk factors and putative antecedents derived from well-conducted systematic reviews that report pooled data. METHOD: Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Current Contents, and PsycINFO databases were searched systematically, and supplemented by hand searching. Review reporting quality was assessed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist, review methodology was assessed using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) checklist, and evidence quality was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. RESULTS: Twenty-four reviews met inclusion criteria. The risk factors with the highest quality evidence, reporting medium effect sizes, were advanced paternal age, obstetric complications, and cannabis use. The strongest evidence among the putative antecedents was identified for motor dysfunction and low IQ. CONCLUSIONS: More research is required that applies sound methodological practices, taking into consideration specificity for schizophrenia and possible confounding factors, to robustly identify the non-genetic risk factors and putative antecedents of schizophrenia. DA - 2011/12//undefined PY - 2011 DO - 10.1016/j.schres.2011.09.020 VL - 133 IS - 1-3 SP - 133 EP - 142 J2 - Schizophr Res LA - eng SN - 1573-2509 0920-9964 KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Risk Factors KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Outcome Assessment, Health Care KW - Brain Injuries KW - Databases, Bibliographic/statistics & numerical data KW - Maternal-Fetal Exchange KW - Obstetric Labor Complications KW - Schizophrenia/*epidemiology/*etiology KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Sex Offenses KW - Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Terrorist Attacks and the Human Live Birth Sex Ratio: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. AU - Masukume, Gwinyai AU - O'Neill, Sinéad M. AU - Khashan, Ali S. AU - Kenny, Louise C. AU - Grech, Victor T2 - Acta medica (Hradec Kralove) AB - AIM: The live birth sex ratio is defined as male/total births (M/F). Terrorist attacks have been associated with a transient decline in M/F 3-5 months later with an excess of male losses in ongoing pregnancies. The early 21st century is replete with religious/politically instigated attacks. This study estimated the pooled effect size between exposure to attacks and M/F. Registration number CRD42016041220. METHODS: PubMed and Scopus were searched for ecological studies that evaluated the relationship between terrorist attacks from 1/1/2000 to 16/6/2016 and M/F. An overall pooled odds ratio (OR) for the main outcome was generated using the generic inverse variance method. RESULTS: Five studies were included: 2011 Norway attacks; 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting; 2001 September 11 attacks; 2004 Madrid and 2005 London bombings. OR at 0.97 95% CI (0.94-1.00) (I2 = 63%) showed a small statistically significant 3% decline in the odds (p = 0.03) of having a male live birth 3-5 months later. For lone wolf attacks there was a 10% reduction, OR 0.90 95% CI (0.86-0.95) (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Terrorist (especially lone wolf) attacks were significantly associated with reduced odds of having a live male birth. Pregnancy loss remains an important Public Health challenge. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses considering other calamities are warranted. DA - 2017/// PY - 2017 DO - 10.14712/18059694.2017.94 VL - 60 IS - 2 SP - 59 EP - 65 J2 - Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove) LA - eng SN - 1211-4286 KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Abortion, Spontaneous/epidemiology KW - pregnancy KW - *Live Birth KW - *Sex Ratio KW - miscarriage KW - population stress KW - sex ratio KW - stillbirth KW - Terrorism/*statistics & numerical data ER - TY - JOUR TI - Risk factors for vaginal fistula symptoms in Sub-Saharan Africa: a pooled analysis of national household survey data. AU - Maheu-Giroux, Mathieu AU - Filippi, Véronique AU - Maulet, Nathalie AU - Samadoulougou, Sékou AU - Castro, Marcia C. AU - Meda, Nicolas AU - Pouliot, Mariève AU - Kirakoya-Samadoulougou, Fati T2 - BMC pregnancy and childbirth AB - BACKGROUND: Vaginal fistula (VF) is one of the most severe maternal morbidities with the immediate consequence of chronic urinary and/or fecal incontinence. The epidemiological evidence regarding risk factors for VF is dominated by facility-based studies. Our aim is to estimate the effect size of selected risk factors for VF using population-based survey data. METHODS: We pooled all available Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicators Cluster Surveys carried out in sub-Saharan Africa that collected information on VF symptoms. Bayesian matched logistic regression models that accounted for the imperfect sensitivity and specificity of self-reports of VF symptoms were used for effect size estimation. RESULTS: Up to 27 surveys were pooled, including responses from 332,889 women. Being able to read decreased the odds of VF by 13% (95% Credible Intervals (CrI): 1% to 23%), while higher odds of VF symptoms were observed for women of short stature (<150 cm) (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.31; 95% CrI: 1.02-1.68), those that had experienced intimate partner sexual violence (OR = 2.13; 95% CrI: 1.60-2.86), those that reported sexual debut before the age of 14 (OR = 1.41; 95% CrI: 1.16-1.71), and those that reported a first birth before the age of 14 (OR = 1.39; 95% CrI: 1.04-1.82). The effect of post-primary education, female genital mutilation, and having problems obtaining permission to seek health care were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing literacy, delaying age at first sex/birth, and preventing sexual violence could contribute to the elimination of obstetric fistula. Concomitant improvements in access to quality sexual and reproductive healthcare are, however, required to end fistula in sub-Saharan Africa. DA - 2016/04/21/ PY - 2016 DO - 10.1186/s12884-016-0871-6 VL - 16 SP - 82 J2 - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth LA - eng SN - 1471-2393 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Middle Aged KW - Risk Factors KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Young Adult KW - Health Surveys KW - Family Characteristics KW - Logistic Models KW - Odds Ratio KW - Pregnancy KW - Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology KW - Sex Offenses KW - Bayes Theorem KW - Circumcision, Female KW - Educational Status KW - Obstetric fistula KW - Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology/*etiology KW - rectovaginal fistula KW - reproductive health KW - sexual health KW - Vaginal Fistula/epidemiology/*etiology KW - vesicovaginal fistula KW - women’s health ER - TY - JOUR TI - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Investigating the Relationship between Exposures to Chemical and Non-Chemical Stressors during Prenatal Development and Childhood Externalizing Behaviors. AU - M Nilsen, Frances AU - Frank, Jessica AU - S Tulve, Nicolle T2 - International journal of environmental research and public health AB - Childhood behavioral outcomes have been linked to low quality intrauterine environments caused by prenatal exposures to both chemical and non-chemical stressors. The effect(s) from the many stressors a child can be prenatally exposed to may be influenced by complex interactive relationships that are just beginning to be understood. Chemical stressors influence behavioral outcomes by affecting the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) enzyme, which is involved in serotonin metabolism and the neuroendocrine response to stress. Non-chemical stressors, particularly those associated with violence, have been shown to influence and exacerbate the externalizing behavioral outcomes associated with low MAOA activity and slowed serotonin metabolism. The adverse developmental effects associated with high stress and maternal drug use during pregnancy are well documented. However, research examining the combined effects of other non-chemical and chemical stressors on development and childhood outcomes as a result of gestational exposures is scarce but is an expanding field. In this systematic review, we examined the extant literature to explore the interrelationships between exposures to chemical and non-chemical stressors (specifically stressful/traumatic experiences), MAOA characteristics, and childhood externalizing behaviors. We observed that exposures to chemical stressors (recreational drugs and environmental chemicals) are significantly related to externalizing behavioral outcomes in children. We also observed that existing literature examining the interactions between MAOA characteristics, exposures to chemical stressors, and traumatic experiences and their effects on behavioral outcomes is sparse. We propose that maternal stress and cortisol fluctuations during pregnancy may be an avenue to link these concepts. We recommend that future studies investigating childhood behaviors include chemical and non-chemical stressors as well as children's inherent genetic characteristics to gain a holistic understanding of the relationship between prenatal exposures and childhood behavioral outcomes. DA - 2020/03/31/ PY - 2020 DO - 10.3390/ijerph17072361 VL - 17 IS - 7 J2 - Int J Environ Res Public Health LA - eng SN - 1660-4601 1661-7827 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072361 KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Female KW - Family KW - Pregnancy KW - *Violence KW - *mental health KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - *Child Behavior KW - *children KW - *cortisol KW - *gestational KW - *Hydrocortisone KW - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - *psychosocial KW - *Stress, Physiological KW - *Stress, Psychological KW - *well-being KW - Child Behavior Disorders KW - Monoamine Oxidase KW - review KW - human KW - maternal welfare KW - cannabis KW - population research KW - lead KW - disease association KW - physiological stress KW - maternal stress KW - prenatal exposure KW - alcohol KW - cocaine KW - methamphetamine KW - mercury KW - hydrocortisone KW - hydrocortisone blood level KW - child behavior KW - amine oxidase (flavin containing) isoenzyme A KW - child externalizing behavior KW - childhood trauma KW - cigarette smoke KW - environmental chemical KW - enzyme activity KW - genetic trait KW - genetic variation KW - neuroendocrine system KW - neurotoxicity KW - plasticizer KW - prenatal development KW - recreational drug KW - serotonin metabolism ER - TY - JOUR TI - A Systematic Literature Review of the Childbearing Cycle as Experienced by Survivors of Sexual Abuse. AU - LoGiudice, Jenna Alana T2 - Nursing for women's health AB - For women who have experienced sexual abuse, the physical changes associated with pregnancy and the lack of control during birth can be catalysts for trauma from past abuse to resurface. This systematic review offers women's health care providers a thorough evaluation of the state of the science on survivors' childbearing experiences. The literature shows that lack of control, dissociation, and flashbacks are common themes. Re-experiencing of the trauma occurred during various stages of childbirth and was traumatizing to women. Nurses and other clinicians providing care to childbearing women can provide control to survivors during health care encounters and can form therapeutic relationships to help them have more positive childbirth experiences. DA - 2017/01//Dec 2016 - undefined PY - 2017 DO - 10.1016/j.nwh.2016.10.008 VL - 20 IS - 6 SP - 582 EP - 594 J2 - Nurs Womens Health LA - eng SN - 1751-486X 1751-4851 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Life Change Events KW - sexual abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - *Education, Nursing, Continuing KW - childbearing KW - labor and birth KW - Parturition/*psychology KW - Sex Offenses/*psychology/statistics & numerical data KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/complications/psychology KW - Survivors/*psychology/statistics & numerical data ER - TY - JOUR TI - [Violence during pregnancy: prevalence studies in OECD countries]. AU - Liepe, K. AU - Blättner, B. T2 - Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany)) AB - Violence during pregnancy can be associated with health consequences for both the pregnant woman und the unborn child. The available data on prevalence are insufficient in Germany, an underestimation of the problem is probable. Therefore data from other OECD countries are considered. Searching in the databases EMBASE (incl. Medline), CINAHL, PsycINFO and SSCI in English or German language, primary and secondary studies from OECD countries published from 2004 to 2011 were identified. Studies without a valid instrument were excluded. 20 studies using 6 different, partially modified instruments were identified. In OECD countries the prevalence data vary, depending on the instrument applied and the design of the studies. The majority of the studies underestimate the prevalence of violence during pregnancy. Study results from OECD countries are in the analysed range of the reviews. The data collected in Germany are at the bottom of the spectrum. This suggests an underestimation of the problem in Germany. Further research is needed using more valid instruments and better study designs. DA - 2013/08//undefined PY - 2013 DO - 10.1055/s-0033-1333743 VL - 75 IS - 8-9 SP - 473 EP - 480 J2 - Gesundheitswesen LA - ger SN - 1439-4421 0941-3790 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1333743 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Age Distribution KW - Middle Aged KW - Prevalence KW - Risk Factors KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Young Adult KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy Complications/*epidemiology KW - pregnancy KW - Internationality KW - Pregnancy/*statistics & numerical data KW - Spouse Abuse/*statistics & numerical data KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - risk factor KW - prevalence KW - meta analysis KW - pregnancy complication KW - statistics and numerical data KW - young adult KW - socioeconomics KW - age distribution KW - adolescent KW - international cooperation KW - middle aged ER - TY - JOUR TI - Health Issues Associated with Commercial Sexual Exploitation and Sex Trafficking of Children in the United States: A Systematic Review. AU - Le, PhuongThao D. AU - Ryan, Nessa AU - Rosenstock, Yael AU - Goldmann, Emily T2 - Behavioral medicine (Washington, D.C.) AB - This article reviews studies examining health issues associated with commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking (CSE/ST) of children in the United States. We searched five health and social sciences databases for peer-reviewed articles published in English between January 1990 and April 2017. After independent screening of the records, we identified 27 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Descriptions of the included studies and their definitions of CSE/ST are provided. Most of the studies sampled children and youth in urban, metropolitan areas and employed cross-sectional surveys or reviewed case files and medical records of convenience samples. Studies differed widely in their operationalization of CSE/ST, which limit systematic comparison across studies and the generalizability of findings. Qualitative analysis of the included studies shows that among commercially sexually exploited/trafficked children, there are elevated burdens of substance use and abuse, mental health disorders such as depression, PTSD, suicidal behaviors, and sexual and reproductive health issues including STIs, HIV, and pregnancy. This review underscores the need for more empirical studies, to guide an evidence-based understanding of and response to the range and complexity of the health issues in this population. Of particular utility are studies that address some of the methodological limitations of prior research in this field (e.g., cross-sectional, convenience samples) and those that assess overlooked health issues (e.g., malnutrition, eating disorders, post-trauma growth, and long-term health consequences). DA - 2018/09//Jul- undefined PY - 2018 DO - 10.1080/08964289.2018.1432554 VL - 44 IS - 3 SP - 219 EP - 233 J2 - Behav Med LA - eng SN - 0896-4289 KW - Humans KW - Child KW - *systematic review KW - *children KW - *Child Health KW - *commercial sexual exploitation KW - *human trafficking KW - *Human Trafficking KW - *Sex Work KW - *United States ER - TY - JOUR TI - Lay health workers in primary and community health care for maternal and child health and the management of infectious diseases. AU - Lewin, Simon AU - Munabi-Babigumira, Susan AU - Glenton, Claire AU - Daniels, Karen AU - Bosch-Capblanch, Xavier AU - van Wyk, Brian E. AU - Odgaard-Jensen, Jan AU - Johansen, Marit AU - Aja, Godwin N. AU - Zwarenstein, Merrick AU - Scheel, Inger B. T2 - The Cochrane database of systematic reviews AB - BACKGROUND: Lay health workers (LHWs) are widely used to provide care for a broad range of health issues. Little is known, however, about the effectiveness of LHW interventions. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of LHW interventions in primary and community health care on maternal and child health and the management of infectious diseases. SEARCH STRATEGY: For the current version of this review we searched The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (including citations uploaded from the EPOC and the CCRG registers) (The Cochrane Library 2009, Issue 1 Online) (searched 18 February 2009); MEDLINE, Ovid (1950 to February Week 1 2009) (searched 17 February 2009); MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid (February 13 2009) (searched 17 February 2009); EMBASE, Ovid (1980 to 2009 Week 05) (searched 18 February 2009); AMED, Ovid (1985 to February 2009) (searched 19 February 2009); British Nursing Index and Archive, Ovid (1985 to February 2009) (searched 17 February 2009); CINAHL, Ebsco 1981 to present (searched 07 February 2010); POPLINE (searched 25 February 2009); WHOLIS (searched 16 April 2009); Science Citation Index and Social Sciences Citation Index (ISI Web of Science) (1975 to present) (searched 10 August 2006 and 10 February 2010). We also searched the reference lists of all included papers and relevant reviews, and contacted study authors and researchers in the field for additional papers. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials of any intervention delivered by LHWs (paid or voluntary) in primary or community health care and intended to improve maternal or child health or the management of infectious diseases. A 'lay health worker' was defined as any health worker carrying out functions related to healthcare delivery, trained in some way in the context of the intervention, and having no formal professional or paraprofessional certificate or tertiary education degree. There were no restrictions on care recipients. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently extracted data using a standard form and assessed risk of bias. Studies that compared broadly similar types of interventions were grouped together. Where feasible, the study results were combined and an overall estimate of effect obtained. MAIN RESULTS: Eighty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. These showed considerable diversity in the targeted health issue and the aims, content, and outcomes of interventions. The majority were conducted in high income countries (n = 55) but many of these focused on low income and minority populations. The diversity of included studies limited meta-analysis to outcomes for four study groups. These analyses found evidence of moderate quality of the effectiveness of LHWs in promoting immunisation childhood uptake (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.37; P = 0.0004); promoting initiation of breastfeeding (RR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.61; P < 0.00001), any breastfeeding (RR 1.24, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.39; P = 0.0004), and exclusive breastfeeding (RR 2.78, 95% CI 1.74 to 4.44; P <0.0001); and improving pulmonary TB cure rates (RR 1.22 (95% CI 1.13 to 1.31) P <0.0001), when compared to usual care. There was moderate quality evidence that LHW support had little or no effect on TB preventive treatment completion (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.09; P = 0.99). There was also low quality evidence that LHWs may reduce child morbidity (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.99; P = 0.03) and child (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.55 to 1.03; P = 0.07) and neonatal (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.57 to 1.02; P = 0.07) mortality, and increase the likelihood of seeking care for childhood illness (RR 1.33, 95% CI 0.86 to 2.05; P = 0.20). For other health issues, the evidence is insufficient to draw conclusions regarding effectiveness, or to enable the identification of specific LHW training or intervention strategies likely to be most effective. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: LHWs provide promising benefits in promoting immunisation uptake and breastfeeding, improving TB treatment outcomes, and reducing child morbidity and mortality when compared to usual care. For other health issues, evidence is insufficient to draw conclusions about the effects of LHWs. DA - 2010/03/17/ PY - 2010 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD004015.pub3 VL - 2010 IS - 3 SP - CD004015 J2 - Cochrane Database Syst Rev LA - eng SN - 1469-493X 1361-6137 KW - Humans KW - Child, Preschool KW - Parent-Child Relations KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Infant, Low Birth Weight KW - *Health Promotion KW - Breast Feeding KW - Child Abuse/prevention & control KW - Child Health Services/*standards KW - Child Mortality KW - Community Health Workers/*standards KW - Home Health Aides KW - Immunization KW - Maternal Health Services/*standards KW - Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/prevention & control ER - TY - JOUR TI - A report from #BlueJC: Why is it important to identify intimate partner violence during pregnancy? AU - Leung, Eyl T2 - BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology DA - 2016/09//undefined PY - 2016 DO - 10.1111/1471-0528.14150 VL - 123 IS - 10 SP - 1715 J2 - BJOG LA - eng SN - 1471-0528 1470-0328 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Risk Factors KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Infant, Newborn KW - *Intimate Partner Violence KW - Infant, Low Birth Weight KW - Pregnancy Outcome KW - Abortion, Spontaneous KW - Observational Studies as Topic KW - Pregnancy Complications/etiology/*psychology KW - Premature Birth ER - TY - JOUR TI - Psychosocial interventions targeting mental health in pregnant adolescents and adolescent parents: a systematic review. AU - Laurenzi, Christina A. AU - Gordon, Sarah AU - Abrahams, Nina AU - du Toit, Stefani AU - Bradshaw, Melissa AU - Brand, Amanda AU - Melendez-Torres, G. J. AU - Tomlinson, Mark AU - Ross, David A. AU - Servili, Chiara AU - Carvajal-Aguirre, Liliana AU - Lai, Joanna AU - Dua, Tarun AU - Fleischmann, Alexandra AU - Skeen, Sarah T2 - Reproductive health AB - BACKGROUND: Pregnancy and parenthood are known to be high-risk times for mental health. However, less is known about the mental health of pregnant adolescents or adolescent parents. Despite the substantial literature on the risks associated with adolescent pregnancy, there is limited evidence on best practices for preventing poor mental health in this vulnerable group. This systematic review therefore aimed to identify whether psychosocial interventions can effectively promote positive mental health and prevent mental health conditions in pregnant and parenting adolescents. METHODS: We used the standardized systematic review methodology based on the process outlined in the World Health Organization's Handbook for Guidelines Development. This review focused on randomized controlled trials of preventive psychosocial interventions to promote the mental health of pregnant and parenting adolescents, as compared to treatment as usual. We searched PubMed/Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC, EMBASE and ASSIA databases, as well as reference lists of relevant articles, grey literature, and consultation with experts in the field. GRADE was used to assess the quality of evidence. RESULTS: We included 17 eligible studies (n = 3245 participants). Interventions had small to moderate, beneficial effects on positive mental health (SMD = 0.35, very low quality evidence), and moderate beneficial effects on school attendance (SMD = 0.64, high quality evidence). There was limited evidence for the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions on mental health disorders including depression and anxiety, substance use, risky sexual and reproductive health behaviors, adherence to antenatal and postnatal care, and parenting skills. There were no available data for outcomes on self-harm and suicide; aggressive, disruptive, and oppositional behaviors; or exposure to intimate partner violence. Only two studies included adolescent fathers. No studies were based in low- or middle-income countries. CONCLUSION: Despite the encouraging findings in terms of effects on positive mental health and school attendance outcomes, there is a critical evidence gap related to the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for improving mental health, preventing disorders, self-harm, and other risk behaviors among pregnant and parenting adolescents. There is an urgent need to adapt and design new psychosocial interventions that can be pilot-tested and scaled with pregnant adolescents and adolescent parents and their extended networks, particularly in low-income settings. DA - 2020/05/14/ PY - 2020 DO - 10.1186/s12978-020-00913-y VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 65 J2 - Reprod Health LA - eng SN - 1742-4755 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12978-020-00913-y KW - Meta-analysis KW - partner violence KW - anxiety KW - depression KW - substance abuse KW - suicide KW - mental health KW - Systematic review KW - systematic review KW - reproductive health KW - Adolescent parenthood KW - Adolescent pregnancy KW - Mental health KW - Psychosocial interventions KW - review KW - female KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - prenatal care KW - World Health Organization KW - data base KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - practice guideline KW - adolescent pregnancy KW - evidence based medicine KW - parental behavior KW - low income country KW - middle income country KW - psychosocial care KW - preventive medicine KW - clinical effectiveness KW - intermethod comparison KW - adolescent parent KW - adolescent sexual behavior KW - aggression KW - automutilation KW - disruptive behavior KW - high risk behavior KW - oppositional defiant disorder KW - postnatal care KW - school attendance ER - TY - JOUR TI - A systematic review of the association between the childhood sexual abuse experiences of mothers and the abuse status of their children: Protection strategies, intergenerational transmission, and reactions to the abuse of their children. AU - Lange, Brittany C. L. AU - Condon, Eileen M. AU - Gardner, Frances T2 - Social science & medicine (1982) AB - Child sexual abuse (CSA) represents a significant public health concern. Research shows an association between the CSA status of mothers and the abuse status of their children, how they react to the abuse of their children, and behaviors they engage in to protect their children from abuse. However, a systematic review of this literature has yet to be conducted, and this review aimed to fill that gap. Seven databases and search engines were searched for relevant studies from inception until March 2017. Reference lists of included studies and titles of studies that cited included studies were also searched. Two authors independently completed study screening, data extraction, and quality determinations. Ninety-three studies were identified and narratively synthesized by significant, non-significant, and descriptive results. These results were further elaborated on in the context of the methods used. Though some heterogeneity existed, results showed that status as a mother with a CSA history (M(CSA)) was associated with having children who experienced CSA. There was no evidence that M(CSA) status was associated with a greater likelihood of believing their children when they disclosed abuse, although M(CSA) status was associated with increased emotional distress. Results were mixed regarding whether M(CSA) status was associated with perpetrating maltreatment broadly, perpetrating individual forms of maltreatment, such as emotional abuse or neglect, or having the potential to abuse. Most studies found no association between M(CSA) status and use of corporal punishment. However, when mothers and others were combined, because the main perpetrator was not listed, it was found that belonging to this combined group was associated with increased risk of engaging in maltreatment behaviors. Finally, few studies on protective behaviors of M(CSA) were located. Future research is needed with larger, more diverse samples using validated instruments. This information will be critical for future intervention development. DA - 2019/07//undefined PY - 2019 DO - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.05.004 VL - 233 SP - 113 EP - 137 J2 - Soc Sci Med LA - eng SN - 1873-5347 0277-9536 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Adolescent KW - Child KW - Female KW - Child, Preschool KW - Mothers/*psychology KW - *Abuse KW - *Parenting KW - *Child sexual abuse KW - *Intergenerational transmission KW - *Mother KW - *Systematic review KW - *Trauma KW - Adult Survivors of Child Abuse/*psychology KW - Child Abuse, Sexual/*psychology KW - Historical Trauma/*psychology KW - Mother-Child Relations/*psychology KW - Parenting/psychology ER - TY - JOUR TI - Risk factors for depressive symptoms during pregnancy: a systematic review. AU - Lancaster, Christie A. AU - Gold, Katherine J. AU - Flynn, Heather A. AU - Yoo, Harim AU - Marcus, Sheila M. AU - Davis, Matthew M. T2 - American journal of obstetrics and gynecology AB - The purpose of this study was to evaluate risk factors for antepartum depressive symptoms that can be assessed in routine obstetric care. We evaluated articles in the English-language literature from 1980 through 2008. Studies were selected if they evaluated the association between antepartum depressive symptoms and > or =1 risk factors. For each risk factor, 2 blinded, independent reviewers evaluated the overall trend of evidence. In total, 57 studies met eligibility criteria. Maternal anxiety, life stress, history of depression, lack of social support, unintended pregnancy, Medicaid insurance, domestic violence, lower income, lower education, smoking, single status, and poor relationship quality were associated with a greater likelihood of antepartum depressive symptoms in bivariate analyses. Life stress, lack of social support, and domestic violence continued to demonstrate a significant association in multivariate analyses. Our results demonstrate several correlates that are consistently related to an increased risk of depressive symptoms during pregnancy. DA - 2010/01//undefined PY - 2010 DO - 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.09.007 VL - 202 IS - 1 SP - 5 EP - 14 J2 - Am J Obstet Gynecol LA - eng SN - 1097-6868 0002-9378 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2009.09.007 KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Female KW - Social Support KW - Social Class KW - Life Change Events KW - anxiety KW - depression KW - Pregnancy KW - social support KW - Prenatal Care KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - Depression/*epidemiology KW - Anxiety/epidemiology KW - Stress, Psychological/epidemiology KW - review KW - antenatal depression KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - major clinical study KW - priority journal KW - risk factor KW - lowest income group KW - unplanned pregnancy KW - single woman KW - educational status KW - medicaid KW - cigarette smoking KW - life stress ER - TY - JOUR TI - Factors influencing the quality of life of pregnant women: a systematic review. AU - Lagadec, Nolwenn AU - Steinecker, Magali AU - Kapassi, Amar AU - Magnier, Anne Marie AU - Chastang, Julie AU - Robert, Sarah AU - Gaouaou, Nadia AU - Ibanez, Gladys T2 - BMC pregnancy and childbirth AB - BACKGROUND: Pregnancy is a period of transition with important physical and emotional changes. Even in uncomplicated pregnancies, these changes can affect the quality of life (QOL) of pregnant women, affecting both maternal and infant health. The objectives of this study were to describe the quality of life during uncomplicated pregnancy and to assess its associated socio-demographic, physical and psychological factors in developed countries. METHODS: A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Searches were made in PubMed, EMBASE and BDSP (Public Health Database). Two independent reviewers extracted the data. Countries with a human development index over 0.7 were selected. The quality of the articles was evaluated on the basis of the STROBE criteria. RESULTS: In total, thirty-seven articles were included. While the physical component of QOL decreased throughout pregnancy, the mental component was stable and even showed an improvement during pregnancy. Main factors associated with better QOL were mean maternal age, primiparity, early gestational age, the absence of social and economic problems, having family and friends, doing physical exercise, feeling happiness at being pregnant and being optimistic. Main factors associated with poorer QOL were medically assisted reproduction, complications before or during pregnancy, obesity, nausea and vomiting, epigastralgia, back pain, smoking during the months prior to conception, a history of alcohol dependence, sleep difficulties, stress, anxiety, depression during pregnancy and sexual or domestic violence. CONCLUSIONS: Health-related quality of life refers to the subjective assessment of patients regarding the physical, mental and social dimensions of well-being. Improving the quality of life of pregnant women requires better identification of their difficulties and guidance which offers assistance whenever possible. DA - 2018/11/23/ PY - 2018 DO - 10.1186/s12884-018-2087-4 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 455 J2 - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth LA - eng SN - 1471-2393 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-018-2087-4 KW - family KW - Humans KW - Female KW - hospitalization KW - Depression KW - Happiness KW - Social Support KW - quality of life KW - Exercise KW - Obesity KW - Stress, Psychological KW - anxiety KW - Anxiety KW - Pregnancy KW - Alcoholism KW - *Pregnant Women KW - *Quality of Life KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - pregnancy KW - Abdominal Pain KW - Back Pain KW - Gestational Age KW - Health-related quality of life KW - Maternal Age KW - Measurement KW - Nausea KW - Optimism KW - Parity KW - Pregnancy Complications KW - Primary care KW - Quality of life KW - Reproductive Techniques, Assisted KW - Sleep Wake Disorders KW - Smoking KW - Vomiting KW - perinatal depression KW - article KW - human KW - sexual violence KW - pregnant woman KW - infertility therapy KW - first trimester pregnancy KW - medical history KW - second trimester pregnancy KW - third trimester pregnancy KW - pregnancy complication KW - obesity KW - psychological aspect KW - physiological stress KW - smoking KW - maternal age KW - educational status KW - employment status KW - marriage KW - exercise KW - alcoholism KW - backache KW - developed country KW - dizziness KW - dyspnea KW - epigastric pain KW - friend KW - gastroesophageal reflux KW - gestational age KW - happiness KW - nausea and vomiting KW - optimism KW - primipara KW - Short Form 12 KW - Short Form 36 KW - sleep disorder ER - TY - JOUR TI - Re: Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and the risk for adverse infant outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AU - Kwok, B. AU - McLean, C. AU - Wong, A. AU - Aktar, S. AU - Yoong, W. T2 - BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology DA - 2016/08//undefined PY - 2016 DO - 10.1111/1471-0528.14125 VL - 123 IS - 9 SP - 1565 EP - 1566 J2 - BJOG LA - eng SN - 1471-0528 1470-0328 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.14125 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - *Intimate Partner Violence KW - Infant, Low Birth Weight KW - pregnancy KW - human KW - adverse outcome KW - letter KW - pregnancy outcome KW - priority journal KW - prevalence KW - maternal child health care KW - low birth weight KW - premature labor KW - small for date infant ER - TY - JOUR TI - The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and perinatal health: a scoping review. AU - Kotlar, Bethany AU - Gerson, Emily AU - Petrillo, Sophia AU - Langer, Ana AU - Tiemeier, Henning T2 - Reproductive health AB - INTRODUCTION: The Covid-19 pandemic affects maternal health both directly and indirectly, and direct and indirect effects are intertwined. To provide a comprehensive overview on this broad topic in a rapid format behooving an emergent pandemic we conducted a scoping review. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted to compile evidence on direct and indirect impacts of the pandemic on maternal health and provide an overview of the most significant outcomes thus far. Working papers and news articles were considered appropriate evidence along with peer-reviewed publications in order to capture rapidly evolving updates. Literature in English published from January 1st to September 11 2020 was included if it pertained to the direct or indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical, mental, economic, or social health and wellbeing of pregnant people. Narrative descriptions were written about subject areas for which the authors found the most evidence. RESULTS: The search yielded 396 publications, of which 95 were included. Pregnant individuals were found to be at a heightened risk of more severe symptoms than people who are not pregnant. Intrauterine, vertical, and breastmilk transmission were unlikely. Labor, delivery, and breastfeeding guidelines for COVID-19 positive patients varied. Severe increases in maternal mental health issues, such as clinically relevant anxiety and depression, were reported. Domestic violence appeared to spike. Prenatal care visits decreased, healthcare infrastructure was strained, and potentially harmful policies implemented with little evidence. Women were more likely to lose their income due to the pandemic than men, and working mothers struggled with increased childcare demands. CONCLUSION: Pregnant women and mothers were not found to be at higher risk for COVID-19 infection than people who are not pregnant, however pregnant people with symptomatic COVID-19 may experience more adverse outcomes compared to non-pregnant people and seem to face disproportionate adverse socio-economic consequences. High income and low- and middle-income countries alike faced significant struggles. Further resources should be directed towards quality epidemiological studies. The Covid-19 pandemic impacts reproductive and perinatal health both directly through infection itself but also indirectly as a consequence of changes in health care, social policy, or social and economic circumstances. The direct and indirect consequences of COVID-19 on maternal health are intertwined. To provide a comprehensive overview on this broad topic we conducted a scoping review. Pregnant women who have symptomatic COVID-19 may experience more severe outcomes than people who are not pregnant. Intrauterine and breastmilk transmission, and the passage of the virus from mother to baby during delivery are unlikely. The guidelines for labor, delivery, and breastfeeding for COVID-19 positive patients vary, and this variability could create uncertainty and unnecessary harm. Prenatal care visits decreased, healthcare infrastructure was strained, and potentially harmful policies are implemented with little evidence in high and low/middle income countries. The social and economic impact of COVID-19 on maternal health is marked. A high frequency of maternal mental health problems, such as clinically relevant anxiety and depression, during the epidemic are reported in many countries. This likely reflects an increase in problems, but studies demonstrating a true change are lacking. Domestic violence appeared to spike. Women were more vulnerable to losing their income due to the pandemic than men, and working mothers struggled with increased childcare demands. We make several recommendations: more resources should be directed to epidemiological studies, health and social services for pregnant women and mothers should not be diminished, and more focus on maternal mental health during the epidemic is needed. DA - 2021/01/18/ PY - 2021 DO - 10.1186/s12978-021-01070-6 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 10 J2 - Reprod Health LA - eng SN - 1742-4755 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12978-021-01070-6 KW - Humans KW - Mental Health KW - Female KW - anxiety KW - depression KW - Domestic Violence KW - Pregnancy KW - child welfare KW - mental health KW - *Maternal Health KW - domestic violence KW - *Pregnancy Complications, Infectious KW - stillbirth KW - reproductive health KW - Breast Feeding KW - Mental health KW - *COVID-19 KW - *Maternal Health Services KW - *Pandemics KW - COVID-19 KW - Delivery, Obstetric KW - Gender equity KW - Gender Equity KW - Maternal health KW - Maternal-child transmission KW - Newborn health KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - review KW - perinatal period KW - human KW - nonhuman KW - maternal welfare KW - prenatal care KW - child care KW - coronavirus disease 2019 KW - pandemic KW - breast feeding KW - patient counseling KW - maternal mortality KW - disease severity KW - obstetric delivery KW - disease transmission KW - economic aspect KW - labor stage KW - lockdown KW - quarantine KW - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 KW - social distancing ER - TY - JOUR TI - Depression and Domestic Violence Experiences Among Asian Women: A Systematic Review. AU - Koirala, Pallavi AU - Chuemchit, Montakarn T2 - International journal of women's health AB - PURPOSE: To determine the association of postpartum depression with domestic violence experiences among women in Asia. BACKGROUND: Postpartum depression (PPD) is an important cause of maternal morbidity as well as mortality. There is increasing evidence that domestic violence (DV) increases the risk of PPD. METHODS: We performed literature searches using the databases PUBMED, SCOPUS, Web of Science and Google Scholar, for studies published between January 2010 and May 2019. The keywords "postpartum", "postnatal", "depression", and "violence" were used. Observational studies conducted within Asia, and written in the English language, were included. RESULTS: In the 38 studies included in this review (with 37,087 participants), the prevalence of PPD ranged between 8.2% to 70% and that of DV between 6.1% to 67.4%. There were 1.6 to 7.1 higher odds of PPD among sufferers of DV. Intimate partner violence (IPV) was the most relevant factor that women experiencing psychological abuse (which was the most prevalent form of IPV) were more at risk for, and violence/intimidation by other family members was also associated with PPD. Domestic violence increased the risk of suicidal ideation in PPD. DISCUSSION: The findings of the review unequivocally shows the association between domestic violence and PPD. Maternal mental health is a neglected area of healthcare in many parts of Asia. Likewise, domestic violence is a readily recognized, but inadequately addressed social issue. We recommend that healthcare workers be trained to recognize and support the women who are vulnerable to violence and depression during pregnancy and postpartum. Policies need to be developed at national and global levels to tackle these issues with utmost urgency. DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 DO - 10.2147/IJWH.S235864 VL - 12 SP - 21 EP - 33 J2 - Int J Womens Health LA - eng SN - 1179-1411 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S235864 KW - Asia KW - partner violence KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - postpartum depression KW - emotional abuse KW - risk assessment KW - suicidal ideation KW - postnatal depression KW - article KW - female KW - human KW - maternal welfare KW - risk factor KW - prevalence KW - health care policy KW - maternal mortality KW - disease association KW - Asian KW - family violence KW - maternal morbidity KW - vulnerable population ER - TY - JOUR TI - Psychosocial risk factors as contributors to pregnancy-associated death in Virginia, 1999-2001. AU - Kavanaugh, Victoria M. AU - Fierro, Marcella F. AU - Suttle, David E. AU - Heyl, Peter S. AU - Bendheim, Stephen H. AU - Powell, Virginia T2 - Journal of women's health (2002) AB - OBJECTIVE: To determine if substance abuse, mental illness, and domestic violence contributed to preventable pregnancy-associated death and to describe characteristics of women for whom these factors contributed to death. METHODS: The medical records of 121 women who had pregnancy-associated deaths in Virginia between 1999 and 2001 were reviewed. The incidence of substance abuse, mental illness, and domestic violence was noted during systematic review. Multidisciplinary review of cases was conducted to determine if these factors contributed to death and if reasonable changes may have prevented death. RESULTS: The pregnancy-associated maternal mortality ratio for women experiencing substance abuse, mental illness, or domestic violence as contributors to death was 17.1. Thus, for every 100,000 live births in Virginia, 17.1 women had at least one of these factors directly contribute to death. Substance abuse contributed to death in 28.9% of all cases reviewed (pregnancy-associated maternal mortality ratio = 12.2); 45.7% of those deaths were considered preventable. Mental illness contributed to death in 16.5% of cases (pregnancy-associated maternal mortality ratio = 6.9), with 50.0% considered preventable. Domestic violence contributed to death in 14.0% of cases (pregnancy-associated maternal mortality ratio = 5.9), with 64.7% of cases considered preventable. Median household incomes and years of education completed varied widely. Pregnancy-associated maternal mortality ratios for each factor were higher among African American women than among white women. CONCLUSIONS: Psychosocial risk assessment with appropriate referral should be completed for all women seeking care regardless of social status, education, or race. DA - 2009/07//undefined PY - 2009 DO - 10.1089/jwh.2008.1037 VL - 18 IS - 7 SP - 1041 EP - 1048 J2 - J Womens Health (Larchmt) LA - eng SN - 1931-843X 1540-9996 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Middle Aged KW - Risk Factors KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Prenatal Care KW - *Domestic Violence KW - Pregnancy Outcome KW - Cause of Death KW - Mental Disorders/*complications KW - Population Surveillance KW - Pregnancy Complications/*mortality KW - Substance-Related Disorders/*complications KW - Virginia/epidemiology ER - TY - JOUR TI - Prevalence and determinants of antenatal common mental disorders among women in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AU - Kalra, Harish AU - Tran, Thach Duc AU - Romero, Lorena AU - Chandra, Prabha AU - Fisher, Jane T2 - Archives of women's mental health AB - To review the available evidence about the prevalence and determinants of antenatal common mental disorders (antenatal CMDs) among women in India. We searched Ovid Medline, Embase and Psyinfo systematically from date of inception to Oct. 31, 2019 for publications in English language on the prevalence of antenatal CMDs and their determinants among women in India. All study designs were included. Quality was assessed with Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers. We performed a meta-analysis using a random effects model. Twenty-seven studies involving 7780 women were analysed. There was a high degree of heterogeneity ((I(2) = 97.53%). Publication bias [Egger bias = 0.65 (95% CI: 0.36; .94)] was evident. The overall pooled estimate of the prevalence of antenatal CMDs was 21.87% (95% CI: 17.46; 26.29). Significant risk factors reported in the 18 studies which examined them were negative reaction of husband or in-laws to the dowry, difficult relationship with husband/in-laws, lack of support or experiencing violence perpetrated by an intimate partner and preference for or feeling pressured to have a male child. Protective factors were having more education and being employed, having a supportive husband and opportunities for recreation during pregnancy. Antenatal CMDs are highly prevalent among women in India. There is an urgent need for locally developed policies and programmes for mental health promotion during pregnancy, preventive and early intervention for antenatal CMDs among women to be integrated into maternity care in India. DA - 2021/02//undefined PY - 2021 DO - 10.1007/s00737-020-01024-0 VL - 24 IS - 1 SP - 29 EP - 53 J2 - Arch Womens Ment Health LA - eng SN - 1435-1102 1434-1816 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00737-020-01024-0 KW - Prevalence KW - violence KW - Pregnancy KW - India KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - Common mental disorders KW - review KW - No terms assigned KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - quality control KW - risk factor KW - male KW - Medline KW - mental disease KW - Embase KW - prevalence KW - meta analysis KW - education KW - maternal care KW - publication bias KW - early intervention KW - English (language) KW - boy KW - husband KW - in-law KW - recreation ER - TY - JOUR TI - Burden of common mental disorders among pregnant women: A systematic review. AU - Jha, Shreya AU - Salve, Harshal R. AU - Goswami, Kiran AU - Sagar, Rajesh AU - Kant, Shashi T2 - Asian journal of psychiatry AB - INTRODUCTION: Common mental disorders (CMDs) including depressive and anxiety disorders during antenatal period is reported to affect both mother and child health outcomes. There is scarce evidence about burden of CMDs during pregnancy from Lower and Middle Income Countries. OBJECTIVE: To review the evidence about the burden of common mental disorders among pregnant women METHODS: Major databases were searched systematically for English language studies on prevalence of CMDs. Quality assessment of studies was done with the modified version of Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for non-analytical studies. RESULTS: Twenty three studies were included in the review. The prevalence of CMDs among pregnant women ranged from 1%-37%. Depression was more commonly studied (ranged from 1%-30%). Prevalence of GAD ranged from 1%-26%. Factors commonly associated with CMDs were lower SES, intimate partner violence, history of previous episode of CMDs, history of mental illness in family and unmarried status. Effect of CMDs on child health outcome was also detected. CONCLUSION: CMDs are common during pregnancy with varying prevalence depending on various settings and scales used. DA - 2018/08//undefined PY - 2018 DO - 10.1016/j.ajp.2018.06.020 VL - 36 SP - 46 EP - 53 J2 - Asian J Psychiatr LA - eng SN - 1876-2026 1876-2018 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2018.06.020 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Female KW - partner violence KW - depression KW - Pregnancy KW - systematic review KW - Pregnancy Complications/*epidemiology KW - Common mental disorders KW - Antenatal KW - Anxiety Disorders/*epidemiology KW - Depressive Disorder/*epidemiology KW - Maternal mental health KW - Mental Disorders/*epidemiology KW - Mental illness KW - review KW - human KW - pregnant woman KW - priority journal KW - social status KW - mental disease KW - prevalence KW - medical history KW - single woman KW - family relation KW - child health KW - low income country KW - middle income country KW - family history KW - disease burden KW - generalized anxiety disorder KW - mental disease assessment ER - TY - JOUR TI - Guidelines for the Management of a Pregnant Trauma Patient. AU - Jain, Venu AU - Chari, Radha AU - Maslovitz, Sharon AU - Farine, Dan AU - Bujold, Emmanuel AU - Gagnon, Robert AU - Basso, Melanie AU - Bos, Hayley AU - Brown, Richard AU - Cooper, Stephanie AU - Gouin, Katy AU - McLeod, N. Lynne AU - Menticoglou, Savas AU - Mundle, William AU - Pylypjuk, Christy AU - Roggensack, Anne AU - Sanderson, Frank T2 - Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC AB - OBJECTIVE: Physical trauma affects 1 in 12 pregnant women and has a major impact on maternal mortality and morbidity and on pregnancy outcome. A multidisciplinary approach is warranted to optimize outcome for both the mother and her fetus. The aim of this document is to provide the obstetric care provider with an evidence-based systematic approach to the pregnant trauma patient. OUTCOMES: Significant health and economic outcomes considered in comparing alternative practices. EVIDENCE: Published literature was retrieved through searches of Medline, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library from October 2007 to September 2013 using appropriate controlled vocabulary (e.g., pregnancy, Cesarean section, hypotension, domestic violence, shock) and key words (e.g., trauma, perimortem Cesarean, Kleihauer-Betke, supine hypotension, electrical shock). Results were restricted to systematic reviews, randomized control trials/controlled clinical trials, and observational studies published in English between January 1968 and September 2013. Searches were updated on a regular basis and incorporated in the guideline to February 2014. Grey (unpublished) literature was identified through searching the websites of health technology assessment and health technology-related agencies, clinical practice guideline collections, clinical trial registries, and national and international medical specialty societies. VALUES: The quality of evidence in this document was rated using the criteria described in the Report of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (Table 1). BENEFITS, HARMS, AND COSTS: This guideline is expected to facilitate optimal and uniform care for pregnancies complicated by trauma. Summary Statement Specific traumatic injuries At this time, there is insufficient evidence to support the practice of disabling air bags for pregnant women. (III) Recommendations Primary survey 1. Every female of reproductive age with significant injuries should be considered pregnant until proven otherwise by a definitive pregnancy test or ultrasound scan. (III-C) 2. A nasogastric tube should be inserted in a semiconscious or unconscious injured pregnant woman to prevent aspiration of acidic gastric content. (III-C) 3. Oxygen supplementation should be given to maintain maternal oxygen saturation > 95% to ensure adequate fetal oxygenation. (II-1B) 4. If needed, a thoracostomy tube should be inserted in an injured pregnant woman 1 or 2 intercostal spaces higher than usual. (III-C) 5. Two large bore (14 to 16 gauge) intravenous lines should be placed in a seriously injured pregnant woman. (III-C) 6. Because of their adverse effect on uteroplacental perfusion, vasopressors in pregnant women should be used only for intractable hypotension that is unresponsive to fluid resuscitation. (II-3B) 7. After mid-pregnancy, the gravid uterus should be moved off the inferior vena cava to increase venous return and cardiac output in the acutely injured pregnant woman. This may be achieved by manual displacement of the uterus or left lateral tilt. Care should be taken to secure the spinal cord when using left lateral tilt. (II-1B) 8. To avoid rhesus D (Rh) alloimmunization in Rh-negative mothers, O-negative blood should be transfused when needed until cross-matched blood becomes available. (I-A) 9. The abdominal portion of military anti-shock trousers should not be inflated on a pregnant woman because this may reduce placental perfusion. (II-3B) Transfer to health care facility 10. Transfer or transport to a maternity facility (triage of a labour and delivery unit) is advocated when injuries are neither life- nor limb-threatening and the fetus is viable (≥ 23 weeks), and to the emergency room when the fetus is under 23 weeks' gestational age or considered to be non-viable. When the injury is major, the patient should be transferred or transported to the trauma unit or emergency room, regardless of gestational age. (III-B) 11. When the severity of injury is undetermined or when the gestational age is uncertain, the patient should be evaluated in the trauma unit or emergency room to rule out major injuries. (III-C) Evaluation of a pregnant trauma patient in the emergency room 12. In cases of major trauma, the assessment, stabilization, and care of the pregnant women is the first priority; then, if the fetus is viable (≥ 23 weeks), fetal heart rate auscultation and fetal monitoring can be initiated and an obstetrical consultation obtained as soon as feasible. (II-3B) 13. In pregnant women with a viable fetus (≥ 23 weeks) and suspected uterine contractions, placental abruption, or traumatic uterine rupture, urgent obstetrical consultation is recommended. (II-3B) 14. In cases of vaginal bleeding at or after 23 weeks, speculum or digital vaginal examination should be deferred until placenta previa is excluded by a prior or current ultrasound scan. (III-C) Adjunctive tests for maternal assessment 15. Radiographic studies indicated for maternal evaluation including abdominal computed tomography should not be deferred or delayed due to concerns regarding fetal exposure to radiation. (II-2B) 16. Use of gadolinium-based contrast agents can be considered when maternal benefit outweighs potential fetal risks. (III-C) 17. In addition to the routine blood tests, a pregnant trauma patient should have a coagulation panel including fibrinogen. (III-C) 18. Focused abdominal sonography for trauma should be considered for detection of intraperitoneal bleeding in pregnant trauma patients. (II-3B) 19. Abdominal computed tomography may be considered as an alternative to diagnostic peritoneal lavage or open lavage when intra-abdominal bleeding is suspected. (III-C) Fetal assessment 20. All pregnant trauma patients with a viable pregnancy (≥ 23 weeks) should undergo electronic fetal monitoring for at least 4 hours. (II-3B) 21. Pregnant trauma patients (≥ 23 weeks) with adverse factors including uterine tenderness, significant abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, sustained contractions (> 1/10 min), rupture of the membranes, atypical or abnormal fetal heart rate pattern, high risk mechanism of injury, or serum fibrinogen < 200 mg/dL should be admitted for observation for 24 hours. (III-B) 22. Anti-D immunoglobulin should be given to all rhesus D-negative pregnant trauma patients. (III-B) 23. In Rh-negative pregnant trauma patients, quantification of maternal-fetal hemorrhage by tests such as Kleihauer-Betke should be done to determine the need for additional doses of anti-D immunoglobulin. (III-B) 24. An urgent obstetrical ultrasound scan should be undertaken when the gestational age is undetermined and need for delivery is anticipated. (III-C) 25. All pregnant trauma patients with a viable pregnancy who are admitted for fetal monitoring for greater than 4 hours should have an obstetrical ultrasound prior to discharge from hospital. (III-C) 26. Fetal well-being should be carefully documented in cases involving violence, especially for legal purposes. (III-C) Obstetrical complications of trauma 27. Management of suspected placental abruption should not be delayed pending confirmation by ultrasonography as ultrasound is not a sensitive tool for its diagnosis. (II-3D) Specific traumatic injuries 28. Tetanus vaccination is safe in pregnancy and should be given when indicated. (II-3B) 29. Every woman who sustains trauma should be questioned specifically about domestic or intimate partner violence. (II-3B) 30. During prenatal visits, the caregiver should emphasize the importance of wearing seatbelts properly at all times. (II-2B) Perimortem Caesarean section 31. A Caesarean section should be performed for viable pregnancies (≥ 23 weeks) no later than 4 minutes (when possible) following maternal cardiac arrest to aid with maternal resuscitation and fetal salvage. (III-B). DA - 2015/06//undefined PY - 2015 DO - 10.1016/s1701-2163(15)30232-2 VL - 37 IS - 6 SP - 553 EP - 574 J2 - J Obstet Gynaecol Can LA - fre SN - 1701-2163 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1701-2163(15)30232-2 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - domestic violence KW - pregnancy KW - article KW - human KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - medical history KW - practice guideline KW - systematic review (topic) KW - cesarean section KW - maternal care KW - premature labor KW - evidence based medicine KW - physical examination KW - traffic accident KW - health care personnel KW - observational study KW - controlled clinical trial (topic) KW - preventive medicine KW - falling KW - injury KW - solutio placentae KW - airway KW - alloimmunization KW - breathing KW - circulation KW - echography KW - electric shock KW - emergency care KW - fetal hemorrhage KW - fetal injury KW - fetus disease KW - fetus heart rate KW - fetus monitoring KW - health care facility KW - hypotension KW - laboratory test KW - laparotomy KW - penetrating trauma KW - peritoneum lavage KW - radiography KW - uterus contraction KW - uterus rupture KW - *Emergency Medical Services KW - abruption KW - Cesarean Section KW - electrical KW - fall KW - fetal KW - Fetal Monitoring KW - maternal KW - MVC KW - penetrating KW - perimortem KW - Pregnancy Complications/*therapy KW - Wounds and Injuries/*therapy ER - TY - JOUR TI - Interventions for preventing or reducing domestic violence against pregnant women. AU - Jahanfar, Shayesteh AU - Janssen, Patricia A. AU - Howard, Louise M. AU - Dowswell, Therese T2 - The Cochrane database of systematic reviews AB - BACKGROUND: Domestic violence during pregnancy is a major public health concern. This preventable risk factor threatens both the mother and baby. Routine perinatal care visits offer opportunities for healthcare professionals to screen and refer abused women for effective interventions. It is, however, not clear which interventions best serve mothers during pregnancy and postpartum to ensure their safety. OBJECTIVES: To examine the effectiveness and safety of interventions in preventing or reducing domestic violence against pregnant women. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (19 June 2012), scanned bibliographies of published studies and corresponded with investigators. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) including cluster-randomised trials, and quasi-randomised controlled trials (e.g. where there was alternate allocation) investigating the effect of interventions in preventing or reducing domestic violence during pregnancy. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. MAIN RESULTS: We included nine trials with a total of 2391 women; however, for most outcomes very few studies contributed data and results were predominantly based on findings from single studies. There was evidence from one study that the total number of women reporting episodes of partner violence during pregnancy, and in the postpartum period was reduced for women receiving a psychological therapy intervention (risk ratio (RR) 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.48 to 0.88). There were few statistically significant differences between intervention and control groups for depression during pregnancy and the postnatal period. Only one study reported findings for neonatal outcomes such as preterm delivery and birthweight, and there were no clinically significant differences between groups. None of the studies reported results for other secondary outcomes: Apgar score less than seven at one minute and five minutes, stillbirth, neonatal death, miscarriage, maternal mortality, antepartum haemorrhage, and placental abruption. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence to assess the effectiveness of interventions for domestic violence on pregnancy outcomes. There is a need for high-quality, RCTs with adequate statistical power to determine whether intervention programs prevent or reduce domestic violence episodes during pregnancy, or have any effect on maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity outcomes. DA - 2013/02/28/ PY - 2013 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD009414.pub2 IS - 2 SP - CD009414 J2 - Cochrane Database Syst Rev LA - eng SN - 1469-493X 1361-6137 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009414.pub2 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009414.pub3 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - social support KW - Safety KW - psychotherapy KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Pregnant Women/*psychology KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - *Pregnant Women/psychology KW - Pregnancy Outcome KW - stillbirth KW - Domestic Violence/*prevention & control/psychology KW - Sex Offenses/prevention & control/psychology KW - review KW - antenatal depression KW - postnatal depression KW - Domestic Violence [*prevention & control, psychology] KW - Pregnant Women [*psychology] KW - Sex Offenses [prevention & control, psychology] KW - health service KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - sexual violence KW - physical violence KW - pregnancy outcome KW - pregnant woman KW - priority journal KW - social status KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - public health KW - birth weight KW - premature labor KW - spontaneous abortion KW - maternal mortality KW - puerperium KW - exposure to violence KW - counseling KW - antepartum hemorrhage KW - perinatal death KW - fetus outcome KW - preventive medicine KW - clinical effectiveness KW - consultation KW - self esteem KW - Apgar score KW - NCT00540319 KW - NCT00831831 KW - solutio placentae KW - NCT01158690 KW - NCT01811719 KW - NCT01933555 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Risk Factors for Postpartum Depression: An Umbrella Review. AU - Hutchens, Bridget F. AU - Kearney, Joan T2 - Journal of midwifery & women's health AB - INTRODUCTION: A deeper understanding of risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD) is essential to better target prevention and screening. An umbrella review was conducted to summarize and synthesize previously published systematic reviews and meta-analyses. METHODS: Eight databases were searched in October of 2016, including PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, SCOPUS, PsycEXTRA, and Cochrane. Studies were included if they were reviews examining one or more risk factors for PPD and published between 1996 and 2016. The final sample included 21 articles, which varied in numerous ways, including the scope of risk factors explored and statistical methods. RESULTS: Because of methodological variations between reviews, standardized statistical aggregation was not possible. From this body of literature, 25 statistically significant risk factors emerged with 2 additional risk factors presenting inconclusive findings. The most common risk factors identified were high life stress, lack of social support, current or past abuse, prenatal depression, and marital or partner dissatisfaction. The 2 strongest risk factors for PPD were prenatal depression and current abuse. DISCUSSION: Because untreated PPD leaves women and their children vulnerable to numerous negative short-term and long-term outcomes, a better understanding of PPD risk factors serves to improve maternal and child outcomes by allowing health care providers to better anticipate the needs of affected women. DA - 2020/01//undefined PY - 2020 DO - 10.1111/jmwh.13067 VL - 65 IS - 1 SP - 96 EP - 108 J2 - J Midwifery Womens Health LA - eng SN - 1542-2011 1526-9523 KW - Quality of Life KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Female KW - risk factors KW - depression KW - Pregnancy KW - *Social Support KW - Depression, Postpartum/*epidemiology KW - Pregnancy Complications/*epidemiology KW - postpartum depression KW - mothers KW - review KW - Spouse Abuse/statistics & numerical data KW - Stress, Psychological/*epidemiology ER - TY - JOUR TI - The association between historical childhood sexual abuse and later parenting stress: a systematic review. AU - Hugill, Melanie AU - Berry, Katherine AU - Fletcher, Ian T2 - Archives of women's mental health AB - An individual's own experiences of childhood and being parented are likely to be key determinants of their later parenting experiences. Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is arguably the most toxic experience to occur in childhood and therefore may be particularly likely to impact on parenting stress in the context of parenting one's own children. This paper aims to review studies investigating associations between earlier CSA and later parenting to determine the size and consistency of the effects, identify any mediators and moderators of the relationship, and assess the quality of the evidence base. PsycINFO, Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Web of Science, PubMed and PILOTS were searched from date of inception until 4th March 2016 and 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. Seven studies indicated a degree of direct association between experiencing CSA and later parenting stress, two studies found no association and five studies suggest that other variables such as locus of control and current stressors may affect the relationship between CSA and parenting stress. Additionally, 10 studies suggest an indirect relationship between CSA and parenting stress through current level of depression. Results suggest the existence of a relationship between CSA and parenting stress though this association is mostly mediated by other variables, including depression and other stressors. Clearer definitions of CSA and use of validated questionnaires are essential to progress this field of research. DA - 2017/04//undefined PY - 2017 DO - 10.1007/s00737-016-0708-3 VL - 20 IS - 2 SP - 257 EP - 271 J2 - Arch Womens Ment Health LA - eng SN - 1435-1102 1434-1816 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Female KW - Mother-Child Relations KW - *Systematic review KW - Adult Survivors of Child Abuse/*psychology KW - *Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) KW - *Parenting stress KW - Child Abuse, Sexual/*psychology/statistics & numerical data KW - Child Rearing/*psychology KW - Depression/psychology KW - Parenting/*psychology ER - TY - JOUR TI - A systematic review and meta-analysis of intimate partner violence during pregnancy and selected birth outcomes. AU - Hill, Amber AU - Pallitto, Christina AU - McCleary-Sills, Jennifer AU - Garcia-Moreno, Claudia T2 - International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics AB - BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) has a detrimental impact on the lives of women worldwide. Several studies have examined the effect IPV has on adverse birth outcomes when it occurs during pregnancy. OBJECTIVES: To explore the association between IPV and selected adverse birth outcomes. SEARCH STRATEGY: Multiple databases were searched to identify studies investigating the association between IPV and low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth, and/or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). SELECTION CRITERIA: Included studies defined the perpetrator of violence as an intimate partner, the type of violence as physical and/or sexual, and the study outcomes as LBW, preterm birth, or IUGR, with violence preceding delivery. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate adjusted/unadjusted odds ratios (ORs). Subanalyses explored the effect of emotional/psychological violence on birth outcomes. MAIN RESULTS: Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria (15 LBW, 12 preterm birth, 4 IUGR). IPV was associated with LBW (OR 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.05-1.31; I(2)=0.70, P<0.001) and preterm birth (OR 1.42, 95% confidence interval 1.21-1.63; I(2)=0.20, P<0.001). No statistically significant association was found for IUGR. CONCLUSIONS: There are associations between IPV and LBW and preterm birth that could be causal. DA - 2016/06//undefined PY - 2016 DO - 10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.10.023 VL - 133 IS - 3 SP - 269 EP - 276 J2 - Int J Gynaecol Obstet LA - eng SN - 1879-3479 0020-7292 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.10.023 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Odds Ratio KW - partner violence KW - violence KW - Pregnancy KW - *Meta-analysis KW - Infant, Newborn KW - systematic review KW - *Intimate partner violence KW - *Pregnancy KW - Pregnancy Complications/*epidemiology KW - Premature Birth/*epidemiology KW - pregnancy KW - Spouse Abuse/*statistics & numerical data KW - *Systematic review KW - review KW - *Low birth weight KW - *Physical violence KW - *Preterm birth KW - *Sexual violence KW - Fetal Growth Retardation/*epidemiology KW - Infant, Low Birth Weight/*growth & development KW - Physical Abuse/statistics & numerical data KW - Sex Offenses/statistics & numerical data KW - emotional abuse KW - female KW - human KW - sexual violence KW - adverse outcome KW - physical violence KW - pregnancy outcome KW - pregnant woman KW - priority journal KW - low birth weight KW - premature labor KW - disease association KW - bibliographic database KW - psychological aspect KW - intrauterine growth retardation KW - obstetric delivery KW - offender ER - TY - JOUR TI - Maternal and fetal outcomes of intimate partner violence associated with pregnancy in the Latin American and Caribbean region. AU - Han, Alice AU - Stewart, Donna E. T2 - International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics AB - BACKGROUND: Very high rates of intimate partner violence during pregnancy (IPV-P) are reported in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) but data on prevalence and obstetric-related outcomes are limited. OBJECTIVES: To conduct a literature review on risk factors, prevalence, and adverse obstetric-related outcomes of IPV-P in LAC. SEARCH STRATEGY: Systematic review of studies in MEDLINE (1946-2012) and LILACS (1982-2012), and hand searching of reference lists of included studies. Search terms were variations of partner abuse and pregnancy in LAC. SELECTION CRITERIA: Studies were excluded if they did not include IPV-P prevalence or if the perpetrator was not an intimate partner. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Study quality was assessed via US Preventive Services Task Force criteria. MAIN RESULTS: In the 31 studies included, prevalence rates ranged from 3% to 44%. IPV-P was significantly associated with unintended pregnancies and adverse maternal (depression, pregnancy-related symptom distress, inadequate prenatal care, vaginal bleeding, spontaneous abortion, gestational weight gain, high maternal cortisol, hypertension, pre-eclampsia, STIs) and infant (prematurity, low birth weight, neonatal complications, stillbirth) outcomes (grade II-2 and 3 evidence). CONCLUSIONS: IPV-P is highly prevalent in LAC, with poor obstetric-related outcomes. Clinicians must identify women experiencing IPV-P and institute appropriate interventions and referrals to avoid its deleterious consequences. DA - 2014/01//undefined PY - 2014 DO - 10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.06.037 VL - 124 IS - 1 SP - 6 EP - 11 J2 - Int J Gynaecol Obstet LA - eng SN - 1879-3479 0020-7292 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.06.037 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - partner violence KW - depression KW - Pregnancy KW - Latin America KW - systematic review KW - Domestic Violence/*statistics & numerical data KW - Pregnancy Outcome/*epidemiology KW - review KW - Battered women KW - Caribbean region KW - Caribbean Region/epidemiology KW - Intimate partner violence KW - Latin America/epidemiology KW - South America KW - Spousal abuse KW - human KW - adverse outcome KW - pregnancy outcome KW - priority journal KW - prenatal care KW - unplanned pregnancy KW - prematurity KW - low birth weight KW - maternal hypertension KW - preeclampsia KW - spontaneous abortion KW - newborn disease KW - distress syndrome KW - body weight gain KW - South and Central America KW - Central America KW - complication KW - hydrocortisone KW - hydrocortisone blood level KW - pregnancy intimate partner violence KW - vagina bleeding ER - TY - JOUR TI - Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and perinatal mental disorders in low and lower middle income countries: A systematic review of literature, 1990-2017. AU - Halim, Nafisa AU - Beard, Jennifer AU - Mesic, Aldina AU - Patel, Archana AU - Henderson, David AU - Hibberd, Patricia T2 - Clinical psychology review AB - Mental health consequences of intimate partner violence (IPV) against pregnant and postpartum women are poorly understood in low and lower-middle-income countries (LLMIC). We systematically reviewed the evidence from 24 studies (1990-2017) selected via a comprehensive search strategy with 14 inclusion, exclusion, and quality-control criteria to assess the extent to which intimate partner violence during pregnancy adversely affects perinatal mental disorders among participants in 10 LLMIC across 4 economic regions. Mostly cross-sectional, studies included 61-1369 participants selected randomly (88%) or non-randomly (12%) from purposively selected 1-6 clinics or 1-50 communities. Multivariate logistic regression was most frequently used (68%) for association estimates, adjusting for 3-16 socio-demographic variables pertinent to: women; husbands; and/or households. The prevalence of physical IPV ranged 2-35% among participants; sexual IPV ranged 9-40%; and psychological IPV ranged 22-65%. The prevalence of antenatal and postnatal depression ranged 15-65% and 5-35% among participants, respectively. Suicidal ideation ranged 5-11% during pregnancy and 2-22% during the postpartum period. Study participants who had experienced IPV had 1.69-3.76 and 1.46-7.04 higher odds of antenatal and postnatal depression compared to those who had not, depending on country, and IPV type and severity. Considering the strong association between IPV and mental disorders, efforts should focus on developing IPV interventions aimed at preventing pregnancy during IPV and promoting mental health resilience among pregnancy and postpartum women in low and lower-middle-income countries. DA - 2018/12//undefined PY - 2018 DO - 10.1016/j.cpr.2017.11.004 VL - 66 SP - 117 EP - 135 J2 - Clin Psychol Rev LA - eng SN - 1873-7811 0272-7358 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2017.11.004 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Mental Health KW - Female KW - Lower Income Level KW - Developing Countries KW - Mental Disorders KW - Intimate Partner Violence KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - Pregnancy Complications/*epidemiology KW - intimate partner violence KW - Intimate Partner Violence/*statistics & numerical data KW - pregnancy KW - Pregnancy Complications KW - Mental Disorders/*epidemiology KW - review KW - Developing Countries/*statistics & numerical data KW - Perinatal Period KW - perinatal period KW - suicidal ideation KW - Countries KW - low income countries KW - middle income countries KW - Middle Income Level KW - perinatal mental disorders KW - postnatal depression KW - female KW - human KW - Medline KW - mental disease KW - PsycINFO KW - prevalence KW - Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale KW - puerperium KW - low income country KW - middle income country KW - Scopus KW - conceptual framework KW - logistic regression analysis KW - Web of Science ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Therapeutic Efficacy of Domestic Violence Victim Interventions. AU - Hackett, Shannon AU - McWhirter, Paula T. AU - Lesher, Susan T2 - Trauma, violence & abuse AB - A meta-analysis on domestic violence interventions was conducted to determine overall effectiveness of mental health programs involving women and children in joint treatment. These interventions were further analyzed to determine whether outcomes are differentially affected based on the outcome measure employed. To date, no meta-analyses have been published on domestic violence victim intervention efficacy. The 17 investigations that met study criteria yielded findings indicating that domestic violence interventions have a large effect size (d = .812), which decreases to a medium effect size when compared to control groups (d = .518). Effect sizes were assessed to determine whether treatment differed according to the focus of the outcome measure employed: (a) external stress (behavioral problems, aggression, or alcohol use); (b) psychological adjustment (depression, anxiety, or happiness); (c) self-concept (self-esteem, perceived competence, or internal locus of control); (d) social adjustment (popularity, loneliness, or cooperativeness); (e) family relations (mother-child relations, affection, or quality of interaction); and (f) maltreatment events (reoccurrence of violence, return to partner). Results reveal that domestic violence interventions across all outcome categories yield effects in the medium to large range for both internalized and externalized symptomatology. Implications for greater awareness and support for domestic violence treatment and programming are discussed. DA - 2016/04//undefined PY - 2016 DO - 10.1177/1524838014566720 VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 123 EP - 132 J2 - Trauma Violence Abuse LA - eng SN - 1552-8324 1524-8380 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838014566720 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Child KW - Female KW - Social Support KW - partner violence KW - social support KW - Treatment Outcome KW - cognitive therapy KW - Mother-Child Relations KW - domestic violence KW - Domestic Violence/*psychology KW - *Cognitive Behavioral Therapy KW - battered women KW - children exposed to domestic violence KW - intervention/treatment KW - Intimate Partner Violence/psychology KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - male KW - mother child relation KW - meta analysis KW - psychology KW - child KW - treatment outcome ER - TY - JOUR TI - Health consequences of exposure to e-waste: a systematic review. AU - Grant, Kristen AU - Goldizen, Fiona C. AU - Sly, Peter D. AU - Brune, Marie-Noel AU - Neira, Maria AU - van den Berg, Martin AU - Norman, Rosana E. T2 - The Lancet. Global health AB - BACKGROUND: The population exposed to potentially hazardous substances through inappropriate and unsafe management practices related to disposal and recycling of end-of-life electrical and electronic equipment, collectively known as e-waste, is increasing. We aimed to summarise the evidence for the association between such exposures and adverse health outcomes. METHODS: We systematically searched five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycNET, and CINAHL) for studies assessing the association between exposure to e-waste and outcomes related to mental health and neurodevelopment, physical health, education, and violence and criminal behaviour, from Jan 1, 1965, to Dec 17, 2012, and yielded 2274 records. Of the 165 full-text articles assessed for eligibility, we excluded a further 142, resulting in the inclusion of 23 published epidemiological studies that met the predetermined criteria. All studies were from southeast China. We assessed evidence of a causal association between exposure to e-waste and health outcomes within the Bradford Hill framework. FINDINGS: We recorded plausible outcomes associated with exposure to e-waste including change in thyroid function, changes in cellular expression and function, adverse neonatal outcomes, changes in temperament and behaviour, and decreased lung function. Boys aged 8-9 years living in an e-waste recycling town had a lower forced vital capacity than did those living in a control town. Significant negative correlations between blood chromium concentrations and forced vital capacity in children aged 11 and 13 years were also reported. Findings from most studies showed increases in spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, and premature births, and reduced birthweights and birth lengths associated with exposure to e-waste. People living in e-waste recycling towns or working in e-waste recycling had evidence of greater DNA damage than did those living in control towns. Studies of the effects of exposure to e-waste on thyroid function were not consistent. One study related exposure to e-waste and waste electrical and electronic equipment to educational outcomes. INTERPRETATION: Although data suggest that exposure to e-waste is harmful to health, more well designed epidemiological investigations in vulnerable populations, especially pregnant women and children, are needed to confirm these associations. FUNDING: Children's Health and Environment Program, Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Australia. DA - 2013/12//undefined PY - 2013 DO - 10.1016/S2214-109X(13)70101-3 VL - 1 IS - 6 SP - e350 EP - 361 J2 - Lancet Glob Health LA - eng SN - 2214-109X L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(13)70101-3 KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Child KW - Female KW - Child, Preschool KW - violence KW - Pregnancy KW - mental health KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*epidemiology KW - Infant KW - systematic review KW - stillbirth KW - Educational Status KW - Mental Disorders/*epidemiology KW - *Electronic Waste KW - Crime/statistics & numerical data KW - Environmental Exposure/*statistics & numerical data KW - Environmental Illness/*epidemiology KW - Hazardous Waste/*statistics & numerical data KW - Recycling KW - Violence/*statistics & numerical data KW - article KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - adverse outcome KW - pregnancy outcome KW - priority journal KW - birth weight KW - prematurity KW - education KW - zinc KW - spontaneous abortion KW - lead KW - scoring system KW - lithium KW - acenaphthene derivative KW - acenaphthylene KW - anthracene KW - barium KW - benzo[b]fluoranthene KW - benzo[k]fluoranthene KW - beryllium KW - cadmium KW - chromium KW - chromium blood level KW - chrysene KW - DNA damage KW - e-waste KW - environmental exposure KW - fluoranthene KW - fluorene KW - forced vital capacity KW - lung function KW - manganese KW - mercury KW - metallothionein KW - nerve cell differentiation KW - nickel KW - phenanthrene KW - polybrominated diphenyl ether KW - polychlorinated biphenyl KW - polychlorinated dibenzodioxin KW - polychlorinated dibenzofuran KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon KW - protein S 100 KW - pyrene KW - thyroid function KW - thyrotropin KW - thyroxine KW - unclassified drug KW - unindexed drug ER - TY - BOOK TI - Telehealth Services Designed for Women: An Evidence Map AU - Goldstein, Karen M. AU - Gierisch, Jennifer M. AU - Zullig, Leah L. AU - Alishahi, Amir AU - Brearly, Timothy AU - Dedert, Eric A. AU - Raitz, Giselle AU - Sata, Suchita Shah AU - Whited, John D. AU - Bosworth, Hayden B. AU - McDuffie, Jennifer AU - Williams, John W. Jr AB - BACKGROUND: Telehealth encompasses a variety of technologies and approaches to connect individual patients to health care resources with the goal of delivering the right intervention to the right patient at the right time. The Department of Veterans Affairs has been on the forefront of implementing telehealth solutions as a way to extend care to key populations of interest or to overcome barriers to receiving timely and high-quality care. Women Veterans are one such key population who could benefit from the flexibility and access afforded by telehealth because they are geographically dispersed within the Veterans Health Administration and have gender-specific care needs. Thus, the goal of this report was to conduct an evidence map that characterizes the quantity, distribution, and characteristics of evidence which assesses the effectiveness of telehealth services designed specifically for women. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE® (via PubMed®) and Embase® to identify relevant articles and systematic reviews (SRs) published between inception and December 29, 2016, for peer-reviewed, English-language, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), nonrandomized controlled studies, controlled before-after studies, interrupted time-series or repeated-measures studies, and relevant SRs or patient-level meta-analyses of telehealth interventions designed for women. We conducted article inclusion screening and abstraction based on predetermined criteria such as type of study design used, population recruited, and intervention tested. Two reviewers independently evaluated titles and abstracts to identify potentially eligible primary studies and SRs for full-text review. Because of the large volume of primary studies, at the full-text screening stage a trained independent reviewer made eligibility decisions, of which at least a random sample of 20% was dual-reviewed. The SRs were examined separately by 2 team members. Disagreements were resolved by consensus between the 2 investigators or by a third investigator. Articles meeting eligibility criteria were included for data abstraction. RESULTS: The literature search identified 5305 unique citations, of which 590 primary studies and 21 SRs were promoted to full-text review. Of these, 209 studies and 2 SRs were retained for data abstraction. From these, 81 primary studies and 1 SR related to maternal care, 56 to prevention, 43 to disease management, 11 to family planning, 7 to identifying and managing women at high risk for breast cancer, 6 to mental health, and 5 studies and 1 SR to intimate partner violence (IPV). When looking across these 7 focused areas of research, the majority of studies identified were relatively small (n <250). For studies that provided race and ethnic study composition, the overwhelming majority of studies included populations that were predominantly white. Age distributions in this literature tracked with population distributions of women potentially affected by the identified health issues. However, we found relatively few studies that focused on health issues of women 60 years of age and older across the reports on prevention, disease management, mental health, and intimate partner violence. When mapping the setting of telehealth interventions designed for women, the overwhelming majority of studies was conducted in countries categorized as high income by the World Bank. The only exception to this was in the area of family planning, where half the studies were conducted in middle- and low-income countries. When looking across the literature, most studies recruited from outpatient clinics (including specialty outpatient clinics), followed by the community. Across all areas of research, telephone was the dominant telehealth modality to deliver intervention content. Nearly all studies used telehealth technologies to facilitate communication between patients and health care team members. We identified only 1 study that focused on provider-to-provider communication. Very few telehealth interventionists were physicians or advanced practice providers (eg, nurse practitioners, physician assistants). Instead, the interventions were mostly supported by diverse credentialed and noncredentialed positions (eg, registered nurses, behavioral health specialists, health educators, peer or lay health workers). The majority of studies were limited in their duration and did not extend beyond 12 weeks. The only exception was among studies focused on prevention; the majority of these were 25 weeks or more. We also mapped the outcomes addressed in each study. Of the studies that reported primary outcomes, most focused on patient-level outcomes. No studies focused on provider-level outcomes, and only 11 studies reported primary outcomes focused on the system level. CONCLUSIONS: Telehealth offers a potentially ideal approach to deliver targeted support to women Veterans in a manner that is convenient to the patient and does not require traveling long distances. From a provider and system level, telehealth provides additional tools to aid the facilitation of continuity of care and transitions of care (eg, post-acute care) and can be a powerful tool for population health management. The goal of this report was to provide an overview of current evidence for the use of telehealth services designed specifically for women. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to map this literature base. A key use of these evidence maps is to inform decisions about where more primary research is needed. The maps in this report serve as a broad visualization of the field of telehealth interventions for women. Beyond maternal health care, we identified a relatively small number of telehealth studies that addressed other gender-specific needs of women Veterans that warrant further exploration, such as family planning, IPV, homelessness, pain management, and high-risk breast cancer assessment. Also, outside of postpartum depression, few studies used telehealth interventions to address the mental health needs of women. Further, mobile health technologies were underrepresented, emphasizing the need to study how best to use evolving technology to address the needs of women. Finally, there is a need for research on the extent to which telehealth improves provider- and system-level outcomes related to provider satisfaction and retention and patient access to care. Only after conducting studies that address these key research gaps can the promise of telehealth for optimizing the well-being of women Veterans be fully assessed. Because the VA is a large, integrated health care system that has demonstrated a commitment to the development and use of telehealth modalities and has been a setting for the successful conduct of multisite studies, the VA health care system is well-positioned to address the gaps in the women’s telehealth literature. CY - Washington (DC) DA - 2017/11//undefined PY - 2017 LA - eng PB - Department of Veterans Affairs (US) ER - TY - BOOK TI - Intimate Partner Violence: Prevalence Among U.S. Military Veterans and Active Duty Servicemembers and a Review of Intervention Approaches AU - Gierisch, Jennifer M. AU - Shapiro, Abigail AU - Grant, Nicole N. AU - King, Heather A. AU - McDuffie, Jennifer R. AU - Williams, John W. AB - In the United States, intimate partner violence (IPV) poses a significant public health burden that affects both men and women. Over a third (35.6%) of women and a fourth (28.5%) of men in the United States have experienced rape, physical violence, or stalking by an intimate partner in their lifetime. Outcomes associated with IPV include a wide range of social, physical, and mental issues such as family dissolution, adverse pregnancy outcomes, mental health issues (depression, posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD], anxiety), incarceration, and death. IPV affects many facets of society including medical, mental health, social services, and criminal justice systems. Moreover, productivity losses and costs attributable to IPV are significant. Military service has unique psychological, social, and environmental factors that may contribute to elevated risk of IPV among active duty servicemembers and Veterans. Multiple deployments, family separation and reintegration, demanding workloads at home and while on duty, histories of head trauma, mental illness, and substance abuse can contribute to partner conflict and elevated risk of IPV among active duty servicemembers, Veterans, and their intimate partners. Currently the VA does not have a comprehensive national program to address IPV. Thus, the VA convened the Domestic Violence Task Force to define the scope of, and design a plan for evaluating domestic violence among Veterans. In order to support the goals and mission of this task force, the Durham VA Evidence-based Synthesis Program conducted a systemic review of the literature to synthesize the evidence on the prevalence of IPV among active duty servicemembers and Veterans and to conduct an evidence synthesis of the systematic review (SR) literature on intervention strategies to address IPV. Key Question 1. What is the prevalence of intimate partner violence among Veterans and active duty servicemembers, and does the prevalence vary by cohort (e.g., Vietnam era, OEF/OIF/OND era), gender, or race? Key Question 2. For persons who are at risk for, experience, or commit intimate partner violence, what interventions are associated with decreased exposure to intimate partner violence and its associated physical harms, mental harms, or mortality? CY - Washington (DC) DA - 2013/08//undefined PY - 2013 LA - eng PB - Department of Veterans Affairs (US) ER - TY - JOUR TI - Employ ductus venous blood flow in the early detection of trisomy 21, trisomy 18, and trisomy 13: A meta-analysis. AU - Ge, Yibing AU - Xia, Lili AU - Wu, Yun AU - Cao, Hongbao T2 - Medicine AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Ductus venosus (DV) Doppler has been suggested as a biomarker for the early screening of trisomy diseases. However, results from different studies have been largely inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between DV and top 3 fetal aneuploidies by a systematical meta-analysis: trisomy 21 (T21), trisomy 18 (T18), and trisomy 13 (T13). METHODS: We performed a literature search covering articles from Medline, PubMed, RePORTER, and Elsevier publications. DV-T21/T18/T13 relation data were extracted from 9, 7, and 6 previous studies, respectively, including 31,053, 28,092 and 26,721 pregnant women worldwide. Both random-effects and fixed-effect model were used to study the log odds ratio (LOR) of T21, T18, and T13 in case of DV. Four potential influential factors were studied using a multiple linear regression (MLR) model, including maternal age, data age, sample size, and population region. RESULTS: DV was significantly related to T21, T18, and T13 (LOR = 3.44, 3.89 and 3.46; P value <2.1E-13). Significant between-study variance was observed for T21 (P value <1.71E-14), but not for T18 (P value >.05) and T13 (P value >.87). MLR results suggested that significant influential factors could include population region (P value <.0021), but not sample size, data age, and maternal age (P value >.078). CONCLUSIONS: Integrating DV could help in the detection of trisomy. However, accuracy and validity may vary depending on the population regions, which need further study. DA - 2019/03//undefined PY - 2019 DO - 10.1097/MD.0000000000014773 VL - 98 IS - 12 SP - e14773 J2 - Medicine (Baltimore) LA - eng SN - 1536-5964 0025-7974 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Residence Characteristics KW - Pregnancy KW - Pregnancy Trimester, First KW - Maternal Age KW - Biomarkers KW - Blood Flow Velocity/*physiology KW - Down Syndrome/*diagnosis KW - Fetus/*blood supply KW - Trisomy 13 Syndrome/*diagnosis KW - Trisomy 18 Syndrome/*diagnosis KW - Ultrasonography, Doppler KW - Ultrasonography, Prenatal/*methods ER - TY - JOUR TI - Adolescent Pregnancy Guidelines. AU - Fleming, Nathalie AU - O'Driscoll, Teresa AU - Becker, Gisela AU - Spitzer, Rachel F. T2 - Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC AB - OBJECTIVE: To describe the needs and evidence-based practice specific to care of the pregnant adolescent in Canada, including special populations. OUTCOMES: Healthy pregnancies for adolescent women in Canada, with culturally sensitive and age-appropriate care to ensure the best possible outcomes for these young women and their infants and young families, and to reduce repeat pregnancy rates. EVIDENCE: Published literature was retrieved through searches of PubMed and The Cochrane Library on May 23, 2012 using appropriate controlled vocabulary (e.g., Pregnancy in Adolescence) and key words (e.g., pregnancy, teen, youth). Results were restricted to systematic reviews, randomized control trials/controlled clinical trials, and observational studies. Results were limited to English or French language materials published in or after 1990. Searches were updated on a regular basis and incorporated in the guideline to July 6, 2013. Grey (unpublished) literature was identified through searching the websites of health technology assessment and health technology-related agencies, national and international medical specialty societies, and clinical practice guideline collections. VALUES: The quality of evidence in this document was rated using the criteria described in the Report of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (Table 1). BENEFITS/HARMS/COSTS: These guidelines are designed to help practitioners caring for adolescent women during pregnancy in Canada and allow them to take the best care of these young women in a manner appropriate for their age, cultural backgrounds, and risk profiles. RECOMMENDATIONS: 1. Health care providers should adapt their prenatal care for adolescents and offer multidisciplinary care that is easily accessible to the adolescent early in the pregnancy, recognizing that adolescents often present to care later than their adult counterparts. A model that provides an opportunity to address all of these needs at one site may be the preferred model of care for pregnant adolescents. (II-1A) 2. Health care providers should be sensitive to the unique developmental needs of adolescents through all stages of pregnancy and during intrapartum and postpartum care. (III-B) 3. Adolescents have high-risk pregnancies and should be managed accordingly within programs that have the capacity to manage their care. The unique physical risks of adolescent pregnancy should be recognized and the care provided must address these. (II-1A) 4. Fathers and partners should be included as much as possible in pregnancy care and prenatal/infant care education. (III-B) 5. A first-trimester ultrasound is recommended not only for the usual reasons for properly dating the pregnancy, but also for assessing the increased risks of preterm birth. (I-A) 6. Counselling about all available pregnancy outcome options (abortion, adoption, and parenting) should be provided to any adolescent with a confirmed intrauterine gestation. (III-A) 7. Testing for sexually transmitted infections (STI) (II-2A) and bacterial vaginosis (III-B) should be performed routinely upon presentation for pregnancy care and again in the third trimester; STI testing should also be performed postpartum and when needed symptomatically. a. Because pregnant adolescents are inherently at increased risk for preterm labour, preterm birth, and preterm pre-labour rupture of membranes, screening and management of bacterial vaginosis is recommended. (III-B) b. After treatment for a positive test, a test of cure is needed 3 to 4 weeks after completion of treatment. Refer partner for screening and treatment. Take the opportunity to discuss condom use. (III-A) 8. Routine and repeated screening for alcohol use, substance abuse, and violence in pregnancy is recommended because of their increased rates in this population. (II-2A) 9. Routine and repeated screening for and treatment of mood disorders in pregnancy is recommended because of their increased rates in this population. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale administered in each trimester and postpartum, and more frequently if deemed necessary, is one option for such screening. (II-2A) 10. Pregnant adolescents should have a nutritional assessment, vitamins and food supplementation if needed, and access to a strategy to reduce anemia and low birth weight and to optimize weight gain in pregnancy. (II-2A) 11. Conflicting evidence supports and refutes differences in gestational hypertension in the adolescent population; therefore, the care usual for adult populations is supported for pregnant adolescents at this time. (II-2A) 12. Practitioners should consult gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) guidelines. In theory, testing all patients is appropriate, although rates of GDM are generally lower in adolescent populations. Practitioners should be aware, however, that certain ethnic groups including Aboriginal populations are at high risk of GDM. (II-2A) 13. An ultrasound anatomical assessment at 16 to 20 weeks is recommended because of increased rates of congenital anomalies in this population. (II-2A) 14. As in other populations at risk of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and low birth weight, an ultrasound to assess fetal well-being and estimated fetal weight at 32 to 34 weeks gestational age is suggested to screen for IUGR. (III-A) 15. Visits in the second or third trimester should be more frequent to address the increased risk of preterm labour and preterm birth and to assess fetal well-being. All caregivers should be aware of the signs and symptoms of preterm labour and should educate their patients to recognize them. (III-A) 16. It should be recognized that adolescents have improved vaginal delivery rates and a concomitantly lower Caesarean section rate than their adult counterparts. (II-2A) As with antenatal care, peripartum care in hospital should be multidisciplinary, involving social care, support for breastfeeding and lactation, and the involvement of children's aid services when warranted. (III-B) 17. Postpartum care should include a focus on contraceptive methods, especially long-acting reversible contraception methods, as a means to decrease the high rates of repeat pregnancy in this population; discussion of contraception should begin before delivery. (III-A) 18. Breastfeeding should be recommended and sufficient support given to this population at high risk for discontinuation. (II-2A) 19. Postpartum care programs should be available to support adolescent parents and their children, to improve the mothers' knowledge of parenting, to increase breastfeeding rates, to screen for and manage postpartum depression, to increase birth intervals, and to decrease repeated unintended pregnancy rates. (III-B) 20. Adolescent women in rural, remote, northern, and Aboriginal communities should be supported to give birth as close to home as possible. (II-2A) 21. Adolescent pregnant women who need to be evacuated from a remote community should be able to have a family member or other person accompany them to provide support and encouragement. (II-2A) 22. Culturally safe prenatal care including emotional, educational, and clinical support to assist adolescent parents in leading healthier lives should be available, especially in northern and Aboriginal communities. (II-3A) 23. Cultural beliefs around miscarriage and pregnancy issues, and special considerations in the handling of fetal remains, placental tissue, and the umbilical cord, must be respected. (III). DA - 2015/08//undefined PY - 2015 DO - 10.1016/S1701-2163(15)30180-8 VL - 37 IS - 8 SP - 740 EP - 756 J2 - J Obstet Gynaecol Can LA - eng SN - 1701-2163 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1701-2163(15)30180-8 KW - Ethnic Groups KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Health Services Needs and Demand KW - Violence KW - substance abuse KW - violence KW - health care access KW - social support KW - Canada KW - Prenatal Care KW - systematic review KW - *Pregnancy KW - pregnancy KW - decision making KW - postnatal depression KW - Coercion KW - article KW - evidence based practice KW - human KW - infection risk KW - adverse outcome KW - prenatal care KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - first trimester pregnancy KW - high risk pregnancy KW - sexually transmitted disease KW - population research KW - pregnancy complication KW - adolescent pregnancy KW - education KW - breast feeding KW - maternal hypertension KW - alcohol consumption KW - anemia KW - screening test KW - puerperium KW - smoking KW - mother KW - counseling KW - mood disorder KW - Canadian Aboriginal KW - confidentiality KW - contraception KW - controlled clinical trial (topic) KW - cost benefit analysis KW - cultural factor KW - father KW - fetus outcome KW - health care need KW - health personnel attitude KW - health program KW - informed consent KW - intrapartum care KW - managed care KW - maternal nutrition KW - persuasive communication KW - pregnancy diabetes mellitus KW - pregnancy rate KW - preventive medicine KW - risk benefit analysis KW - social belief KW - ultrasound KW - vaginitis KW - adolescent KW - *Adolescent KW - Anemia/diagnosis/therapy KW - Confidentiality KW - Contraception KW - Informed Consent KW - Mood Disorders/diagnosis/therapy KW - Postnatal Care KW - Pregnancy Complications/diagnosis/therapy KW - Premature Birth/prevention & control KW - Sexually Transmitted Diseases/diagnosis/prevention & control/transmission KW - Smoking Prevention KW - Smoking/adverse effects KW - Substance-Related Disorders/prevention & control KW - teen KW - teenager KW - youth ER - TY - JOUR TI - Prenatal maternal psychosocial stress and offspring's asthma and allergic disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. AU - Flanigan, C. AU - Sheikh, A. AU - DunnGalvin, A. AU - Brew, B. K. AU - Almqvist, C. AU - Nwaru, B. I. T2 - Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology AB - BACKGROUND: Prenatal maternal stress may influence offspring's atopic risk through sustained cortisol secretion resulting from activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA), leading to Th2-biased cell differentiation in the foetus. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the relationship between prenatal maternal psychosocial stress and risk of asthma and allergy in the offspring. METHODS: We searched 11 electronic databases from 1960 to 2016, searched the grey literature and contacted experts in the field. Type of stress indicator included mood disorders, anxiety, exposure to violence, bereavement and socio-economic problems occurring during pregnancy, both objectively and subjectively measured. We included all possible asthma and IgE-mediated allergy outcomes. We conducted random-effects meta-analyses to synthesize the data. RESULTS: We identified 9779 papers of which 30 studies (enrolling >6 million participants) satisfied inclusion criteria. The quality of 25 studies was moderate, 4 were strong, and one was weak. Maternal exposure to any type of stressors was associated with an increased risk of offspring atopic eczema/dermatitis (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.22-1.47), allergic rhinitis (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.04-1.62), wheeze (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.16-1.54) and asthma (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.04-1.27). Exposure to anxiety and depression had strongest effect compared to other stressors. Exposure during the third trimester had the greatest impact compared to first and second trimesters. The increased risk was stronger for early-onset and persistent than for late-onset wheeze. Bereavement of a child (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.10-1.48) or a spouse (HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.03-1.90) increased the risk of offspring asthma. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to prenatal maternal psychosocial stress was associated with increased risk, albeit modestly, of asthma and allergy in the offspring. The pronounced risk during the third trimester may represent cumulative stress exposure throughout pregnancy rather than trimester-specific effect. Our findings may represent a causal effect or a result of inherent biases in studies, particularly residual confounding. DA - 2018/04//undefined PY - 2018 DO - 10.1111/cea.13091 VL - 48 IS - 4 SP - 403 EP - 414 J2 - Clin Exp Allergy LA - eng SN - 1365-2222 0954-7894 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cea.13091 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - anxiety KW - depression KW - Pregnancy KW - systematic review KW - *children KW - *adverse life events KW - *allergy KW - *asthma KW - *pregnancy KW - *psychosocial stress KW - Asthma/*etiology KW - Hypersensitivity/*etiology KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*immunology KW - Stress, Psychological/*complications/*immunology KW - maternal exposure KW - article KW - human KW - priority journal KW - risk factor KW - social status KW - first trimester pregnancy KW - second trimester pregnancy KW - meta analysis KW - mental stress KW - exposure to violence KW - allergic rhinitis KW - atopic dermatitis KW - bereavement KW - maternal stress KW - mood disorder KW - prenatal exposure KW - prenatal stress KW - progeny KW - allergic disease KW - asthma KW - immunoglobulin E ER - TY - JOUR TI - Prevalence and determinants of common perinatal mental disorders in women in low- and lower-middle-income countries: a systematic review. AU - Fisher, Jane AU - Cabral de Mello, Meena AU - Patel, Vikram AU - Rahman, Atif AU - Tran, Thach AU - Holton, Sara AU - Holmes, Wendy T2 - Bulletin of the World Health Organization AB - OBJECTIVE: To review the evidence about the prevalence and determinants of non-psychotic common perinatal mental disorders (CPMDs) in World Bank categorized low- and lower-middle-income countries. METHODS: Major databases were searched systematically for English-language publications on the prevalence of non-psychotic CPMDs and on their risk factors and determinants. All study designs were included. FINDINGS: Thirteen papers covering 17 low- and lower-middle-income countries provided findings for pregnant women, and 34, for women who had just given birth. Data on disorders in the antenatal period were available for 9 (8%) countries, and on disorders in the postnatal period, for 17 (15%). Weighted mean prevalence was 15.6% (95% confidence interval, CI: 15.4-15.9) antenatally and 19.8% (19.5-20.0) postnatally. Risk factors were: socioeconomic disadvantage (odds ratio [OR] range: 2.1-13.2); unintended pregnancy (1.6-8.8); being younger (2.1-5.4); being unmarried (3.4-5.8); lacking intimate partner empathy and support (2.0-9.4); having hostile in-laws (2.1-4.4); experiencing intimate partner violence (2.11-6.75); having insufficient emotional and practical support (2.8-6.1); in some settings, giving birth to a female (1.8-2.6), and having a history of mental health problems (5.1-5.6). Protective factors were: having more education (relative risk: 0.5; P = 0.03); having a permanent job (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.4-1.0); being of the ethnic majority (OR: 0.2; 95% CI: 0.1-0.8) and having a kind, trustworthy intimate partner (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.3-0.9). CONCLUSION: CPMDs are more prevalent in low- and lower-middle-income countries, particularly among poorer women with gender-based risks or a psychiatric history. DA - 2012/02/01/ PY - 2012 DO - 10.2471/BLT.11.091850 VL - 90 IS - 2 SP - 139G EP - 149G J2 - Bull World Health Organ LA - eng SN - 1564-0604 0042-9686 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.11.091850 KW - Humans KW - Prevalence KW - Risk Factors KW - Self Report KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Poverty KW - Female KW - Developing Countries KW - Social Support KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Odds Ratio KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - social support KW - empathy KW - Depression, Postpartum/*epidemiology/psychology KW - systematic review KW - Pregnancy Complications KW - review KW - *Maternal Welfare KW - Databases, Factual KW - Global Health KW - Mental Disorders/*epidemiology/psychology KW - Psychometrics KW - perinatal period KW - female KW - human KW - risk factor KW - social status KW - mental disease KW - family relation KW - age KW - unwanted pregnancy KW - puerperium KW - educational status KW - employment status KW - psychosocial care ER - TY - JOUR TI - Antenatal depression and its association with adverse birth outcomes in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. AU - Fekadu Dadi, Abel AU - Miller, Emma R. AU - Mwanri, Lillian T2 - PloS one AB - BACKGROUND: Depression in pregnancy (antenatal depression) in many low and middle-income countries is not well documented and has not been given priority for intervention due to competing urgencies and the belief that it does not immediately cause fatalities, which mainly emanated from lack of comprehensive research on the area. To fill this research gap, this systematic review was conducted to investigate the burden of antenatal depression and its consequences on birth outcomes in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS: We systematically searched the databases: CINHAL, MEDLINE, EMCare, PubMed, PSyc Info, Psychiatry online, and Scopus for studies conducted in low and middle-income countries about antenatal depression and its association with adverse birth outcomes. We have included observational studies (case control, cross-sectional and cohort studies), written in English-language, scored in the range of "good quality" on the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS), and were published between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2017. Studies were excluded if a standardized approach was not used to measure main outcomes, they were conducted on restricted (high risk) populations, or had fair to poor quality score on NOS. We used Higgins and Egger's to test for heterogeneity and publication bias. Primary estimates were pooled using a random effect meta-analysis. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO with protocol number CRD42017082624. RESULT: We included 64 studies (with 44, 035 women) on antenatal depression and nine studies (with 5,540 women) on adverse birth outcomes. Antenatal depression was higher in the lower-income countries (Pooled Prevalence (PP) = 34.0%; 95%CI: 33.1%-34.9%) compared to the middle-income countries (PP = 22.7%, 95%CI: 20.1%-25.2%) and increased over the three trimesters. Pregnant women with a history of economic difficulties, poor marital relationships, common mental disorders, poor social support, bad obstetric history, and exposure to violence were more likely to report antenatal depression. The risk of having preterm birth (2.41; 1.47-3.56) and low birth weight (1.66; 1.06-2.61) was higher in depressed mothers compared to mothers without depression. CONCLUSIONS: Antenatal depression was higher in low-income countries than in middle-income countries and was found to be a risk factor for low birth weight and preterm births. The economic, maternal, and psychosocial risk factors were responsible for the occurrence of antenatal depression. While there could be competing priority agenda to juggle for health policymakers in low-income countries, interventions for antenatal depression should be reprioritized as vitally important in order to prevent the poor maternal and perinatal outcomes identified in this review. DA - 2020/// PY - 2020 DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0227323 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - e0227323 J2 - PLoS One LA - eng SN - 1932-6203 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227323 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Female KW - violence KW - Pregnancy KW - social support KW - India KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Ethiopia KW - systematic review KW - *Pregnancy Outcome KW - Infant, Low Birth Weight KW - *Developing Countries KW - Premature Birth KW - review KW - Depression/*complications KW - Pregnancy Complications/*etiology KW - Peru KW - Pakistan KW - antenatal depression KW - follow up KW - human KW - adverse outcome KW - pregnancy outcome KW - questionnaire KW - mental disease KW - prevalence KW - Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale KW - Bangladesh KW - Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale KW - DSM-5 KW - Ghana KW - high risk population KW - ICD-10 KW - Korea KW - patient health questionnaire KW - prospective study KW - scoring system KW - self report KW - Self Reporting Questionnaire KW - Viet Nam ER - TY - JOUR TI - Adverse childhood experience and asthma onset: a systematic review. AU - Exley, Daniel AU - Norman, Alyson AU - Hyland, Michael T2 - European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society AB - Adverse childhood experiences such as abuse and neglect are associated with subsequent immune dysregulation. Some studies show an association between adverse childhood experiences and asthma onset, although significant disparity in results exists in the published literature. We aimed to review available studies employing a prospective design that investigates associations between adverse childhood experience and asthma. A search protocol was developed and studies were drawn from four electronic journal databases. Studies were selected in accordance with pre-set inclusion criteria and relevant data were extracted. 12 studies, assessing data from a total of 31 524 individuals, were identified that investigate the impact of a range of adverse childhood experiences on the likelihood of developing asthma. Evidence suggests that chronic stress exposure and maternal distress in pregnancy operate synergistically with known triggers such as traffic-related air pollution to increase asthma risk. Chronic stress in early life is associated with an increased risk of asthma onset. There is evidence that adverse childhood experience increases the impact of traffic-related air pollution and inconsistent evidence that adverse childhood experience has an independent effect on asthma onset. DA - 2015/06//undefined PY - 2015 DO - 10.1183/16000617.00004114 VL - 24 IS - 136 SP - 299 EP - 305 J2 - Eur Respir Rev LA - eng SN - 1600-0617 0905-9180 KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Child KW - Female KW - Child, Preschool KW - Parent-Child Relations KW - Pregnancy KW - Stress, Psychological/ethnology/*psychology KW - Violence/psychology KW - Infant KW - *Life Change Events KW - Age of Onset KW - Asthma/diagnosis/ethnology/physiopathology/*psychology/therapy KW - Child Abuse/ethnology/*psychology KW - Environment KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Lung/physiopathology KW - Phenotype KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Prognosis ER - TY - JOUR TI - [Early-life stress and vulnerability for disease in later life]. AU - Entringer, Sonja AU - Buss, Claudia AU - Heim, Christine T2 - Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz AB - BACKGROUND: The rapidly growing research field of developmental programming of health and disease risk investigates the early life origins of individual vulnerability for common, complex disorders that confer a major burden of disease. OBJECTIVES: The present article introduces the concept of developmental programming of disease vulnerability and summarizes studies on the mental and physical health consequences of exposure to childhood trauma and prenatal stress. Biological mechanisms that mediate disease risk after early life stress are discussed. The possibility of transgenerational transmission of effects of childhood trauma in exposed women to their children and potential mechanisms of this transmission are also presented. CONCLUSION: A substantial number of studies show associations between early life stress and risk for mental and somatic diseases in later life. The underlying mechanisms are currently being studied at the molecular and epigenetic level. Potentially, these findings will allow unprecedented opportunities to improve the precision of current clinical diagnostic tools and the success of interventions. However, there is currently a lack of translation of research findings related to developmental programming to clinical applications. DA - 2016/10//undefined PY - 2016 DO - 10.1007/s00103-016-2436-2 VL - 59 IS - 10 SP - 1255 EP - 1261 J2 - Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz LA - ger SN - 1437-1588 1436-9990 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Middle Aged KW - Prevalence KW - Risk Factors KW - Adolescent KW - Child KW - Female KW - Young Adult KW - Aged KW - Child, Preschool KW - Causality KW - Pregnancy KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Infant KW - Childhood trauma KW - Adult Survivors of Child Abuse/psychology/*statistics & numerical data KW - Child Abuse/*psychology/*statistics & numerical data KW - Comorbidity KW - Developmental programming KW - Epigenetics KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease/epidemiology/genetics KW - Germany/epidemiology KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*epidemiology/genetics/psychology KW - Prenatal stress KW - Psychosocial Deprivation KW - Stress, Psychological/*epidemiology/genetics/psychology KW - Transgenerational transmission KW - Vulnerable Populations/psychology/*statistics & numerical data ER - TY - JOUR TI - Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and the risk for adverse infant outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AU - Donovan, B. M. AU - Spracklen, C. N. AU - Schweizer, M. L. AU - Ryckman, K. K. AU - Saftlas, A. F. T2 - BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology AB - BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is of particular concern during pregnancy when not one, but two lives are at risk. Previous meta-analyses have suggested an association between IPV and adverse birth outcomes; however, many large studies have since been published, illustrating the need for updated pooled effect estimates. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the relationship between IPV during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth (PTB), low-birthweight (LBW), and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched PubMed and SCOPUS (from inception until May 2015), and the reference lists of the relevant studies. SELECTION CRITERIA: Observational studies comparing the rates of at least one adverse birth outcome (SGA, LBW, or PTB) in women who experienced IPV during pregnancy and those who did not. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data extracted from 50 studies were pooled and pooled odds ratios were calculated using random-effects models. MAIN RESULTS: Intimate partner violence (IPV) was significantly associated with PTB (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.60-2.29) and LBW (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.68-2.65), although a large level of heterogeneity was present for both (I(2)  = 84 and 91%, respectively). The association with SGA was less pronounced and marginally significant (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.02-1.84), although fewer studies were available for meta-analysis (n = 7). CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis indicates that women who experienced IPV during pregnancy are at increased risk of having a PTB, and an LBW or an SGA infant. More studies examining the association between IPV and SGA are needed. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Meta-analysis of IPV during pregnancy finds increased risk for preterm birth, LBW and SGA infants. DA - 2016/07//undefined PY - 2016 DO - 10.1111/1471-0528.13928 VL - 123 IS - 8 SP - 1289 EP - 1299 J2 - BJOG LA - eng SN - 1471-0528 1470-0328 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.13928 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - income KW - Odds Ratio KW - partner violence KW - sexual abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - Infant, Newborn KW - systematic review KW - Intimate Partner Violence/*statistics & numerical data KW - *Infant, Low Birth Weight KW - Premature Birth/*epidemiology KW - review KW - *Infant, Small for Gestational Age KW - Domestic violence KW - low birthweight KW - partner abuse KW - premature KW - small for gestational age KW - emotional abuse KW - risk assessment KW - human KW - cohort analysis KW - cross-sectional study KW - adverse outcome KW - pregnancy outcome KW - priority journal KW - social status KW - high risk pregnancy KW - infant KW - low birth weight KW - premature labor KW - disease association KW - physical abuse KW - case control study KW - observational study KW - small for date infant ER - TY - JOUR TI - Interventions for women who report domestic violence during and after pregnancy in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic literature review. AU - Daley, Diandra AU - McCauley, Mary AU - van den Broek, Nynke T2 - BMC pregnancy and childbirth AB - BACKGROUND: Domestic violence is a leading cause of social morbidity and may increase during and after pregnancy. In high-income countries screening, referral and management interventions are available as part of standard maternity care. Such practice is not routine in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) where the burden of social morbidity is high. METHODS: We systematically reviewed available evidence describing the types of interventions, and/or the effectiveness of such interventions for women who report domestic violence during and/or after pregnancy, living in LMIC. Published and grey literature describing interventions for, and/or effectiveness of such interventions for women who report domestic violence during and/or after pregnancy, living in LMIC was reviewed. Outcomes assessed were (i) reduction in the frequency and/or severity of domestic violence, and/or (ii) improved physical, psychological and/or social health. Narrative analysis was conducted. RESULTS: After screening 4818 articles, six studies were identified for inclusion. All included studies assessed women (n = 894) during pregnancy. Five studies reported on supportive counselling; one study implemented an intervention consisting of routine screening for domestic violence and supported referrals for women who required this. Two studies evaluated the effectiveness of the interventions on domestic violence with statistically significant decreases in the occurrence of domestic violence following counselling interventions (488 women included). There was a statistically significant increase in family support following counselling in one study (72 women included). There was some evidence of improvement in quality of life, increased use of safety behaviours, improved family and social support, increased access to community resources, increased use of referral services and reduced maternal depression. Overall evidence was of low to moderate quality. CONCLUSIONS: Screening, referral and supportive counselling is likely to benefit women living in LMIC who experience domestic violence. Larger-scale, high-quality research is, however, required to provide further evidence for the effectiveness of interventions. Improved availability with evaluation of interventions that are likely to be effective is necessary to inform policy, programme decisions and resource allocation for maternal healthcare in LMIC. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO CRD42018087713. DA - 2020/03/06/ PY - 2020 DO - 10.1186/s12884-020-2819-0 VL - 20 IS - 1 SP - 141 J2 - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth LA - eng SN - 1471-2393 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-2819-0 KW - Humans KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Female KW - Kenya KW - Pregnancy KW - India KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - pregnancy KW - Domestic violence KW - Domestic Violence/economics/*prevention & control/*statistics & numerical data KW - Interventions KW - Low resource settings KW - Low- and middle-income countries KW - Nigeria KW - Peru KW - Postnatal KW - South Africa KW - adult KW - article KW - female KW - human KW - major clinical study KW - screening KW - counseling KW - low income country KW - middle income country KW - patient referral ER - TY - JOUR TI - Global burden of antenatal depression and its association with adverse birth outcomes: an umbrella review. AU - Dadi, Abel Fekadu AU - Miller, Emma R. AU - Bisetegn, Telake Azale AU - Mwanri, Lillian T2 - BMC public health AB - BACKGROUND: Women of childbearing age are at high risk of developing depression and antenatal depression is one of the most common mood disorders. Antenatal depression is also associated with a number of poor maternal and infant outcomes, however, there remains a lack of focus on mental issues in antenatal care, particularly in lower income countries. This systematic review of reviews provides useful evidence regarding the burden of antenatal depression which may provide guidance for health policy development and planning. METHODS: We searched CINAHL(EBSCO), MEDLINE (via Ovid), PsycINFO, Emcare, PubMed, Psychiatry Online, and Scopus databases for systematic reviews that based on observational studies that were published in between January 1st, 2007 and August 31st, 2018. We used the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) checklist scores to assess the quality of the included reviews. We applied vote counting and narrative review to summarize the prevalence of antenatal depression and its associated factors, while statistical pooling was conducted for estimating the association of antenatal depression with low birth weight and preterm birth. This systematic review of reviews was registered on PROSPERO with protocol number CRD42018116267. RESULTS: We have included ten reviews (306 studies with 877,246 participants) on antenatal depression prevalence and six reviews (39 studies with 75,451 participants) conducted to identify the effect of antenatal depression on preterm and low birth weight. Globally, we found that antenatal depression prevalence ranged from 15 to 65%. We identified the following prominent risk factors based on their degree of influence: Current or previous exposure to different forms of abuse and violence (six reviews and 73 studies); lack of social and/or partner support (four reviews and 47 studies); personal or family history of any common mental disorder (three reviews and 34 studies). The risk of low birth weight and preterm birth was 1.49 (95%CI: 1.32, 1.68; I(2) = 0.0%) and 1.40 (95%CI: 1.16, 1.69; I(2) = 35.2%) times higher among infants born from depressed mothers. CONCLUSIONS: Globally, antenatal depression prevalence was high and could be considered a common mental disorder during pregnancy. Though the association between antenatal depression and adverse birth outcomes appeared to be modest, its absolute impact would be significant in lower-income countries with a high prevalence of antenatal depression and poor access to quality mental health services. DA - 2020/02/04/ PY - 2020 DO - 10.1186/s12889-020-8293-9 VL - 20 IS - 1 SP - 173 J2 - BMC Public Health LA - eng SN - 1471-2458 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-8293-9 KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Female KW - depression KW - Pregnancy KW - Depression/*epidemiology KW - Pregnancy Complications/*epidemiology KW - Pregnancy Outcome/*epidemiology KW - pregnancy KW - Adverse birth outcomes KW - Antenatal depression KW - Global Health/*statistics & numerical data KW - Review of reviews KW - Systematic Reviews as Topic KW - female KW - human KW - pregnancy outcome KW - risk factor KW - global health KW - pregnancy complication ER - TY - JOUR TI - Health risks and outcomes that disproportionately affect women during the Covid-19 pandemic: A review. AU - Connor, Jade AU - Madhavan, Sarina AU - Mokashi, Mugdha AU - Amanuel, Hanna AU - Johnson, Natasha R. AU - Pace, Lydia E. AU - Bartz, Deborah T2 - Social science & medicine (1982) AB - BACKGROUND: The Covid-19 pandemic is straining healthcare systems in the US and globally, which has wide-reaching implications for health. Women experience unique health risks and outcomes influenced by their gender, and this narrative review aims to outline how these differences are exacerbated in the Covid-19 pandemic. OBSERVATIONS: It has been well described that men suffer from greater morbidity and mortality once infected with SARS-CoV-2. This review analyzed the health, economic, and social systems that result in gender-based differences in the areas healthcare workforce, reproductive health, drug development, gender-based violence, and mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic. The increased risk of certain negative health outcomes and reduced healthcare access experienced by many women are typically exacerbated during pandemics. We assess data from previous disease outbreaks coupled with literature from the Covid-19 pandemic to examine the impact of gender on women's SARS-CoV-2 exposure and disease risks and overall health status during the Covid-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: Gender differences in health risks and implications are likely to be expanded during the Covid-19 pandemic. Efforts to foster equity in health, social, and economic systems during and in the aftermath of Covid-19 may mitigate the inequitable risks posed by pandemics and other times of healthcare stress. DA - 2020/12//undefined PY - 2020 DO - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113364 VL - 266 SP - 113364 J2 - Soc Sci Med LA - eng SN - 1873-5347 0277-9536 KW - Continental Population Groups KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Female KW - Health Status KW - *Women's Health KW - Pregnant Women/psychology KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - *Mental Health KW - Intimate Partner Violence/psychology KW - *Covid-19 KW - *Gender health disparities KW - *Pandemic KW - *Women's health KW - Caregivers/psychology KW - COVID-19/*epidemiology KW - Drug Development/organization & administration KW - Maternal Health Services/organization & administration KW - Pandemics KW - Stress, Psychological/epidemiology/psychology KW - Workplace/psychology ER - TY - JOUR TI - Childhood Maltreatment and Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review. AU - Choi, Karmel W. AU - Sikkema, Kathleen J. T2 - Trauma, violence & abuse AB - Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs) compromise maternal and child well-being and may be influenced by traumatic experiences across the life course. A potent and common form of trauma is childhood maltreatment, but its specific impact on PMADs is not well understood. A systematic review was undertaken to synthesize empirical literature on the relationship between maternal histories of childhood maltreatment and PMADs. Of the 876 citations retrieved, 35 reports from a total of 26,239 participants met inclusion criteria, documenting substantial rates of childhood maltreatment and PMADs. Robust trends of association were observed between childhood maltreatment and perinatal depression, as well as post-traumatic stress disorder, but findings for anxiety were less consistent. Examining multivariate results suggested that childhood maltreatment predicts PMADs above and beyond sociodemographic, psychiatric, perinatal, and psychosocial factors, but may also be partially mediated by variables such as later victimization and moderated by protective early relationships. Future research should test mediating and moderating pathways using prospective cohorts, expanding to cross-cultural settings and other disorder outcomes. Treatment and prevention of childhood maltreatment and its sequelae may help mitigate risk for perinatal psychopathology and its impact on maternal and child outcomes. DA - 2016/12//undefined PY - 2016 DO - 10.1177/1524838015584369 VL - 17 IS - 5 SP - 427 EP - 453 J2 - Trauma Violence Abuse LA - eng SN - 1552-8324 1524-8380 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Child KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Mother-Child Relations KW - Mothers/*psychology KW - domestic violence KW - pregnancy KW - *depression KW - Adult Survivors of Child Abuse/*psychology KW - Depression, Postpartum/epidemiology/psychology KW - *anxiety KW - *childhood maltreatment KW - *perinatal KW - *review KW - *trauma KW - Anxiety Disorders/epidemiology/psychology KW - Child Abuse, Sexual/psychology/statistics & numerical data KW - Child Abuse/*psychology/statistics & numerical data KW - Domestic Violence/psychology KW - Pregnancy Complications/*psychology KW - child abuse KW - postnatal depression KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - questionnaire KW - mother child relation KW - psychology KW - pregnancy complication KW - statistics and numerical data KW - anxiety disorder KW - child KW - child abuse survivor KW - child sexual abuse KW - mother ER - TY - JOUR TI - Parenting after a history of childhood maltreatment: A scoping review and map of evidence in the perinatal period. AU - Chamberlain, Catherine AU - Gee, Graham AU - Harfield, Stephen AU - Campbell, Sandra AU - Brennan, Sue AU - Clark, Yvonne AU - Mensah, Fiona AU - Arabena, Kerry AU - Herrman, Helen AU - Brown, Stephanie T2 - PloS one AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Child maltreatment is a global health priority affecting up to half of all children worldwide, with profound and ongoing impacts on physical, social and emotional wellbeing. The perinatal period (pregnancy to two years postpartum) is critical for parents with a history of childhood maltreatment. Parents may experience 'triggering' of trauma responses during perinatal care or caring for their distressed infant. The long-lasting relational effects may impede the capacity of parents to nurture their children and lead to intergenerational cycles of trauma. Conversely, the perinatal period offers a unique life-course opportunity for parental healing and prevention of child maltreatment. This scoping review aims to map perinatal evidence regarding theories, intergenerational pathways, parents' views, interventions and measurement tools involving parents with a history of maltreatment in their own childhoods. METHODS AND RESULTS: We searched Medline, Psychinfo, Cinahl and Embase to 30/11/2016. We screened 6701 articles and included 55 studies (74 articles) involving more than 20,000 parents. Most studies were conducted in the United States (42/55) and involved mothers only (43/55). Theoretical constructs include: attachment, social learning, relational-developmental systems, family-systems and anger theories; 'hidden trauma', resilience, post-traumatic growth; and 'Child Sexual Assault Healing' and socioecological models. Observational studies illustrate sociodemographic and mental health protective and risk factors that mediate/moderate intergenerational pathways to parental and child wellbeing. Qualitative studies provide rich descriptions of parental experiences and views about healing strategies and support. We found no specific perinatal interventions for parents with childhood maltreatment histories. However, several parenting interventions included elements which address parental history, and these reported positive effects on parent wellbeing. We found twenty-two assessment tools for identifying parental childhood maltreatment history or impact. CONCLUSIONS: Perinatal evidence is available to inform development of strategies to support parents with a history of child maltreatment. However, there is a paucity of applied evidence and evidence involving fathers and Indigenous parents. DA - 2019/// PY - 2019 DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0213460 VL - 14 IS - 3 SP - e0213460 J2 - PLoS One LA - eng SN - 1932-6203 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Child KW - Female KW - Child, Preschool KW - Parent-Child Relations KW - Pregnancy KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Infant KW - Adult Survivors of Child Abuse/*psychology KW - Parenting/*psychology KW - Perinatal Care KW - Child Abuse/prevention & control/*psychology KW - Child of Impaired Parents/psychology KW - Models, Psychological ER - TY - JOUR TI - Systematic review of prenatal cocaine exposure and adolescent development. AU - Buckingham-Howes, Stacy AU - Berger, Sarah Shafer AU - Scaletti, Laura A. AU - Black, Maureen M. T2 - Pediatrics AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Previous research found that prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) may increase children's vulnerability to behavior and cognition problems. Maturational changes in brain and social development make adolescence an ideal time to reexamine associations. The objective was to conduct a systematic review of published studies examining associations between PCE and adolescent development (behavior, cognition/school outcomes, physiologic responses, and brain morphology/functioning). METHODS: Articles were obtained from PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases through July 2012 with search terms: prenatal drug, substance, or cocaine exposure; adolescence/adolescent; and in utero substance/drug exposure. Criteria for inclusion were nonexposed comparison group, human adolescents aged 11 to 19, peer-reviewed, English-language, and adolescent outcomes. RESULTS: Twenty-seven studies representing 9 cohorts met the criteria. Four outcome categories were identified: behavior, cognition/school performance, brain structure/function, and physiologic responses. Eleven examined behavior; 7 found small but significant differences favoring nonexposed adolescents, with small effect sizes. Eight examined cognition/school performance; 6 reported significantly lower scores on language and memory tasks among adolescents with PCE, with varying effect sizes varied. Eight examined brain structure/function and reported morphologic differences with few functional differences. Three examined physiologic responses with discordant findings. Most studies controlled for other prenatal exposures, caregiving environment, and violence exposure; few examined mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with findings among younger children, PCE increases the risk for small but significantly less favorable adolescent functioning. Although the clinical importance of differences is often unknown, the caregiving environment and violence exposure pose additional threats. Future research should investigate mechanisms linking PCE with adolescent functioning. DA - 2013/06//undefined PY - 2013 DO - 10.1542/peds.2012-0945 VL - 131 IS - 6 SP - e1917 EP - 1936 J2 - Pediatrics LA - eng SN - 1098-4275 0031-4005 KW - Humans KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*epidemiology KW - adolescent development KW - Adolescent Development/*drug effects KW - Cocaine-Related Disorders/*epidemiology KW - Cocaine/*adverse effects KW - prenatal cocaine exposure ER - TY - JOUR TI - Prenatal Maternal Anxiety in South Asia: A Rapid Best-Fit Framework Synthesis. AU - Bright, Katherine Stuart AU - Norris, Jill M. AU - Letourneau, Nicole L. AU - King Rosario, Melanie AU - Premji, Shahirose S. T2 - Frontiers in psychiatry AB - Background: Most research efforts toward prenatal maternal anxiety has been situated in high-income countries. In contrast, research from low- and middle-income countries has focused on maternal depression and prenatal maternal anxiety in low- and middle-income countries remains poorly understood. Objectives: To examine whether dimensions and attributes of current maternal anxiety assessment tools appropriately capture South Asia women's experiences of perinatal distress during pregnancy. Design: We conducted a rapid review with best fit framework synthesis, as we wished to map study findings to an a priori framework of dimensions measured by prenatal maternal anxiety tools. Data Sources: We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL and gray literature in November 2016. Studies were included if published in English, used any study design, and focused on women's experiences of prenatal/antenatal anxiety in South Asia. Review Methods: Study quality was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Checklist. Study findings were extracted to an a priori framework derived from pregnancy-related anxiety tools. Results: From 4,177 citations, 9 studies with 19,251 women were included. Study findings mapped to the a priori framework apart from body image. A new theme, gender inequality, emerged from the studies and was overtly examined through gender disparity, gender preference of fetus, or domestic violence. Conclusions: Gender inequality and societal acceptability of domestic violence in South Asian women contextualizes the experience of prenatal maternal anxiety. Pregnancy-related anxiety tools should include domains related to gender inequality to better understand their influence on pregnancy outcomes. DA - 2018/// PY - 2018 DO - 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00467 VL - 9 SP - 467 J2 - Front Psychiatry LA - eng SN - 1664-0640 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00467 KW - Lower Income Level KW - poverty KW - Developing Countries KW - anxiety KW - Anxiety KW - Pregnancy KW - social support KW - health care KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - pregnancy KW - stillbirth KW - review KW - childbirth KW - perinatal period KW - Middle Income Level KW - evidence synthesis KW - low- and middle-income countries KW - prenatal maternal anxiety KW - South Asia KW - human KW - wellbeing KW - pregnancy outcome KW - child care KW - clinical assessment tool KW - prenatal period KW - parental behavior KW - body image KW - distress syndrome KW - family counseling KW - maternal behavior KW - newborn death KW - rapid best fit framework synthesis KW - sex difference KW - social acceptance ER - TY - JOUR TI - Access and utilisation of maternity care for disabled women who experience domestic abuse: a systematic review. AU - Breckenridge, Jenna P. AU - Devaney, John AU - Kroll, Thilo AU - Lazenbatt, Anne AU - Taylor, Julie AU - Bradbury-Jones, Caroline T2 - BMC pregnancy and childbirth AB - BACKGROUND: Although disabled women are significantly more likely to experience domestic abuse during pregnancy than non-disabled women, very little is known about how maternity care access and utilisation is affected by the co-existence of disability and domestic abuse. This systematic review of the literature explored how domestic abuse impacts upon disabled women's access to maternity services. METHODS: Eleven articles were identified through a search of six electronic databases and data were analysed to identify: the factors that facilitate or compromise access to care; the consequences of inadequate care for pregnant women's health and wellbeing; and the effectiveness of existing strategies for improvement. RESULTS: Findings indicate that a mental health diagnosis, poor relationships with health professionals and environmental barriers can compromise women's utilisation of maternity services. Domestic abuse can both compromise, and catalyse, access to services and social support is a positive factor when accessing care. Delayed and inadequate care has adverse effects on women's physical and psychological health, however further research is required to fully explore the nature and extent of these consequences. Only one study identified strategies currently being used to improve access to services for disabled women experiencing abuse. CONCLUSIONS: Based upon the barriers and facilitators identified within the review, we suggest that future strategies for improvement should focus on: understanding women's reasons for accessing care; fostering positive relationships; being women-centred; promoting environmental accessibility; and improving the strength of the evidence base. DA - 2014/07/17/ PY - 2014 DO - 10.1186/1471-2393-14-234 VL - 14 SP - 234 J2 - BMC Pregnancy Childbirth LA - eng SN - 1471-2393 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-14-234 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-14-234 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-14-234 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - health KW - Social Support KW - health status KW - Pregnancy KW - health care access KW - social support KW - disability KW - health care delivery KW - mental health KW - Professional-Patient Relations KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - *Domestic Violence KW - pregnancy KW - *Disabled Persons KW - *Health Services Accessibility KW - Maternal Health Services/*organization & administration/standards/statistics & numerical data KW - Mental Disorders/diagnosis KW - abuse KW - article KW - female KW - health service KW - human KW - wellbeing KW - pregnant woman KW - mental disease KW - PsycINFO KW - data base KW - Cinahl KW - Embase KW - health care utilization KW - human relation KW - maternal care KW - environmental factor KW - disabled person KW - organization and management KW - standards KW - utilization KW - bibliographic database KW - domestic abuse KW - health practitioner KW - medical literature KW - patient care KW - physical capacity KW - psychological aspect KW - adverse drug reaction KW - diagnosis ER - TY - JOUR TI - Intimate partner violence and birth outcomes: a systematic review. AU - Boy, Angie AU - Salihu, Hamisu M. T2 - International journal of fertility and women's medicine AB - OBJECTIVE: There is a lack of comprehensive information on the relationship between domestic physical and emotional violence and pregnancy outcomes. Accordingly, we undertook this systematic review of the literature to examine the evidence on the association between physical and emotional abuse and pregnancy outcomes. STUDY DESIGN AND METHOD: A comprehensive literature search was carried out using pertinent key words that would retrieve any research article pertaining to the topic. This was supplemented by cross-referencing of the articles. A total of 296 articles were found; case reports and articles that failed to satisfy the study inclusion criteria were removed and 30 articles were included in the review. RESULTS: Overall, adverse pregnancy outcomes, including low birth weight, maternal mortality and infant mortality are significantly more likely among abused than nonabused mothers. Abused pregnant mothers present more often than nonabused mothers with kidney infections, gain less weight during pregnancy, and are more likely to undergo operative delivery. Fetal morbidity, such as low birth weight, preterm delivery, and small size for gestational age are more frequent among abused than nonabused gravidas. The risk for maternal mortality is three times as high for abused mothers. Black abused mothers are 3-4 times as likely to die as their white counterparts. Unmarried victims are also three times as likely to die as married abused mothers. Intimate partner violence is also responsible for increased fetal deaths in affected pregnancies (about 16.0 per 1000). CONCLUSION: Intimate partner violence is often a life-threatening event to both the mother and the fetus. This, in addition to the heightened level of feto-maternal morbidity and mortality, represents clear-cut justification for routine systematic screening for the presence of abuse during pregnancy. DA - 2004/08//Jul- undefined PY - 2004 VL - 49 IS - 4 SP - 159 EP - 164 J2 - Int J Fertil Womens Med LA - eng SN - 1534-892X KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Female KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - United States/epidemiology KW - Infant, Newborn KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - Pregnancy Outcome/*epidemiology KW - Spouse Abuse/*statistics & numerical data KW - review KW - Fetal Death KW - Infant, Newborn, Diseases/epidemiology/etiology KW - Infant, Small for Gestational Age KW - Maternal Mortality KW - Obstetric Labor, Premature/epidemiology/etiology KW - Pregnancy Complications/*epidemiology/etiology KW - Prenatal Care/standards KW - Primary Prevention/standards KW - abuse KW - female KW - human KW - priority journal KW - screening KW - retrospective study KW - prematurity KW - pregnancy complication KW - low birth weight KW - outcomes research KW - birth injury KW - fetus mortality KW - infant mortality KW - intimacy KW - maternal mortality KW - mother fetus relationship KW - victim ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Mistreatment of Women during Childbirth in Health Facilities Globally: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review. AU - Bohren, Meghan A. AU - Vogel, Joshua P. AU - Hunter, Erin C. AU - Lutsiv, Olha AU - Makh, Suprita K. AU - Souza, João Paulo AU - Aguiar, Carolina AU - Saraiva Coneglian, Fernando AU - Diniz, Alex Luíz Araújo AU - Tunçalp, Özge AU - Javadi, Dena AU - Oladapo, Olufemi T. AU - Khosla, Rajat AU - Hindin, Michelle J. AU - Gülmezoglu, A. Metin T2 - PLoS medicine AB - BACKGROUND: Despite growing recognition of neglectful, abusive, and disrespectful treatment of women during childbirth in health facilities, there is no consensus at a global level on how these occurrences are defined and measured. This mixed-methods systematic review aims to synthesize qualitative and quantitative evidence on the mistreatment of women during childbirth in health facilities to inform the development of an evidence-based typology of the phenomenon. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We searched PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase databases and grey literature using a predetermined search strategy to identify qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies on the mistreatment of women during childbirth across all geographical and income-level settings. We used a thematic synthesis approach to synthesize the qualitative evidence and assessed the confidence in the qualitative review findings using the CERQual approach. In total, 65 studies were included from 34 countries. Qualitative findings were organized under seven domains: (1) physical abuse, (2) sexual abuse, (3) verbal abuse, (4) stigma and discrimination, (5) failure to meet professional standards of care, (6) poor rapport between women and providers, and (7) health system conditions and constraints. Due to high heterogeneity of the quantitative data, we were unable to conduct a meta-analysis; instead, we present descriptions of study characteristics, outcome measures, and results. Additional themes identified in the quantitative studies are integrated into the typology. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review presents a comprehensive, evidence-based typology of the mistreatment of women during childbirth in health facilities, and demonstrates that mistreatment can occur at the level of interaction between the woman and provider, as well as through systemic failures at the health facility and health system levels. We propose this typology be adopted to describe the phenomenon and be used to develop measurement tools and inform future research, programs, and interventions. DA - 2015/06//undefined PY - 2015 DO - 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001847 VL - 12 IS - 6 SP - e1001847; EP - discussion e1001847 J2 - PLoS Med LA - eng SN - 1549-1676 1549-1277 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - *Violence KW - Postpartum Period/*psychology KW - Parturition/*psychology KW - *Global Health KW - Delivery, Obstetric/*psychology KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/*psychology KW - Stress, Psychological/*psychology ER - TY - JOUR TI - Identifying the women at risk of antenatal anxiety and depression: A systematic review. AU - Biaggi, Alessandra AU - Conroy, Susan AU - Pawlby, Susan AU - Pariante, Carmine M. T2 - Journal of affective disorders AB - BACKGROUND: Pregnancy is a time of increased vulnerability for the development of anxiety and depression. This systematic review aims to identify the main risk factors involved in the onset of antenatal anxiety and depression. METHODS: A systematic literature analysis was conducted, using PubMed, PsychINFO, and the Cochrane Library. Original papers were included if they were written in English and published between 1st January 2003 and 31st August 2015, while literature reviews and meta-analyses were consulted regardless of publication date. A final number of 97 papers were selected. RESULTS: The most relevant factors associated with antenatal depression or anxiety were: lack of partner or of social support; history of abuse or of domestic violence; personal history of mental illness; unplanned or unwanted pregnancy; adverse events in life and high perceived stress; present/past pregnancy complications; and pregnancy loss. LIMITATIONS: The review does not include a meta-analysis, which may have added additional information about the differential impact of each risk factor. Moreover, it does not specifically examine factors that may influence different types of anxiety disorders, or the recurrence or persistence of depression or anxiety from pregnancy to the postpartum period. CONCLUSIONS: The results show the complex aetiology of antenatal depression and anxiety. The administration of a screening tool to identify women at risk of anxiety and depression during pregnancy should be universal practice in order to promote the long-term wellbeing of mothers and babies, and the knowledge of specific risk factors may help creating such screening tool targeting women at higher risk. DA - 2016/02//undefined PY - 2016 DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2015.11.014 VL - 191 SP - 62 EP - 77 J2 - J Affect Disord LA - eng SN - 1573-2517 0165-0327 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.11.014 KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Major Depression KW - Mental Health KW - Female KW - Human Females KW - Anxiety KW - depression KW - Pregnancy KW - social support KW - At Risk Populations KW - *Women's Health KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - review KW - Antenatal depression KW - Pregnancy Complications/*psychology KW - Antenatal anxiety KW - Antenatal mental health KW - Anxiety/*psychology KW - Depression/*psychology KW - Risk factors KW - antenatal anxiety KW - antenatal depression KW - human KW - pregnant woman KW - priority journal KW - risk factor KW - mental disease KW - screening KW - medical history KW - pregnancy complication KW - anxiety disorder KW - domestic partnership KW - high risk patient KW - life event KW - mental stress KW - personality KW - spontaneous abortion KW - unwanted pregnancy ER - TY - JOUR TI - WITHDRAWN: Home-based support for disadvantaged adult mothers. AU - Bennett, C. AU - Macdonald, G. M. AU - Dennis, J. AU - Coren, E. AU - Patterson, J. AU - Astin, M. AU - Abbott, J. T2 - The Cochrane database of systematic reviews AB - BACKGROUND: Babies born to socio-economically disadvantaged mothers are at higher risk of a range of problems in infancy. Home visiting programs are thought to improve outcomes, both for mothers and children, largely through advice and support. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of home visiting programmes for women who have recently given birth and who are socially or economically disadvantaged. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the following electronic databases: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (Issue 3, 2006); MEDLINE (1966 to March 2006); EMBASE (1980 to 2006 week 12); CINAHL (1982 to March week 4 2006); PsycINFO (1872 to March week 4 2006); ASSIA (1987 to March 2006); LILACS (1982 to March 2006); and Sociological Abstracts(1963 to March 2006). We searched grey literature using ZETOC (1993 to March 2006); Dissertation Abstracts International (late 1960s to 2006); and SIGLE (1980 to March 2006). We also undertook communication with published authors about ongoing or unpublished research. SELECTION CRITERIA: Included studies were randomised controlled trials investigating the efficacy of home visiting directed at disadvantaged adult mothers. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two reviewers (EC and JP or CB) independently assessed titles and abstracts identified in the search for eligibility. Data were extracted and entered into RevMan (EC, JP and CB), synthesised and presented in both written and graphical form (forest plots). Outcomes included in this review were established at the protocol stage by an international steering group. The review does not report on all outcomes reported in included studies. MAIN RESULTS: We included 11 studies with 4751 participants in this review. Data show no statistically significant differences for those receiving home visiting, either for maternal outcomes (maternal depression, anxiety, the stress associated with parenting, parenting skills, child abuse risk or potential or breastfeeding) or child outcomes (preventive health care visits, psychosocial health, language development, behaviour problems or accidental injuries. Evidence about uptake of immunisations is mixed, and the data on child maltreatment difficult to interpret. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: This review suggests that for disadvantaged adult women and their children, there is currently no evidence to support the adoption of home visiting as a means of improving maternal psychosocial health, parenting or outcomes for children. For reasons discussed in the review, this does not amount to a conclusion that home visiting programmes are ineffective, but indicates a need to think carefully about the problems that home visiting might influence, and improvements in the conduct of outcome studies in this area. DA - 2008/01/23/ PY - 2008 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD003759.pub3 IS - 1 SP - CD003759 J2 - Cochrane Database Syst Rev LA - eng SN - 1469-493X 1361-6137 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Child Development KW - Child Abuse/prevention & control KW - *Maternal Welfare KW - *Parenting/psychology KW - *Poverty/psychology KW - Breast Feeding/psychology KW - Depression, Postpartum/therapy KW - Education/standards KW - Home Care Services/*standards KW - Postnatal Care/*standards KW - Stress, Physiological/therapy ER - TY - JOUR TI - Physical, mental and social consequences in civilians who have experienced war-related sexual violence: a systematic review (1981-2014). AU - Ba, I. AU - Bhopal, R. S. T2 - Public health AB - OBJECTIVES: To identify the health outcomes of sexual violence on civilians in conflict zones between 1981 and 2014. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review. METHODS: For the purpose of this study, we defined sexual violence as sexual torture including, individual rape, gang rape, and sexual slavery. All types of conflicts were included (intrastate, interstate, and internationalized intrastate). Quantitative and mixed-method studies, reporting any physical, mental, and social consequences, were retrieved from Medline, Embase, Global Health, Global Health Library, WHOLIS, Popline, and Web of Sciences (n = 3075) and from checking reference lists and personal communications (n = 359). Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and MetaXL. Given inherent variation, the means derived from combining studies were misleading; thus, we focused on the range of values. RESULTS: The 20 studies were from six countries, five in Africa (18 studies), and especially in Democratic Republic of Congo (12 studies). The number of subjects varied from 63 to 20,517, with 17 studies including more than 100 subjects. Eight studies included males. Gang rape, rape, and abduction were the most commonly reported types of sexual violence. Sixteen studies provided data on physical outcomes of which the most common were pregnancy (range 3.4-46.3%), traumatic genital injuries/tears (range 2.1-28.7%), rectal and vaginal fistulae (range 9.0-40.7%), sexual problems/dysfunction (range 20.1-56.7%), and sexually transmitted diseases (range 4.6-83.6%). Mental health outcomes were reported in 14 studies, the most frequent being post-traumatic stress disorder (range 3.1-75.9%), anxiety (range 6.9-75%), and depression (range 8.8-76.5%). Eleven studies provided social outcomes, the most common being rejection by family and/or community (range of 3.5-28.5%) and spousal abandonment (range 6.1-64.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Wartime sexual violence is highly traumatic, causing multiple, long-term negative outcomes. The number and quality of studies published does not match the significance of the problem. The findings highlight the need for care of the survivors and their relatives and raise concerns about how they and their children will be affected in the long term. DA - 2017/01//undefined PY - 2017 DO - 10.1016/j.puhe.2016.07.019 VL - 142 SP - 121 EP - 135 J2 - Public Health LA - eng SN - 1476-5616 0033-3506 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2016.07.019 KW - Life Experiences KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Sexual Behavior KW - Mental Health KW - Child KW - Female KW - Physical Health KW - Depressive Disorder KW - health KW - Stress, Psychological KW - Survivors KW - Violence KW - Warfare KW - anxiety KW - Anxiety KW - depression KW - Sexual Abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic KW - mental health KW - *Social Stigma KW - Africa KW - Social Stigma KW - Systematic review KW - systematic review KW - Sex Offenses/*psychology KW - pregnancy KW - Sex Offenses KW - *Systematic review KW - review KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/*psychology KW - Stress, Psychological/*psychology KW - *Civilian KW - *Conflict KW - *Rape KW - *Sexual Violence KW - *War KW - *Warfare KW - Anxiety/psychology KW - Crime Victims/*psychology/statistics & numerical data KW - Psychological Trauma/*psychology KW - Rape/*psychology KW - Survivors/*psychology KW - posttraumatic stress disorder KW - Civilian KW - Civilians KW - Conflict KW - Crime Victims KW - Psychological Trauma KW - Rape KW - Sexual Violence KW - Victimization KW - War KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - rape KW - sexual violence KW - abduction KW - civilian KW - community KW - conflict KW - Democratic Republic Congo KW - family relation KW - gang rape KW - genital injury KW - interpersonal communication KW - named groups of persons KW - rectum injury KW - sexual dysfunction KW - sexual exploitation KW - sexually transmitted disease KW - social aspect KW - spouse KW - vagina disease KW - war ER - TY - JOUR TI - The prevalence of sexual violence during pregnancy in Iran and the world: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AU - Bazyar, Jafar AU - Safarpour, Hamid AU - Daliri, Salman AU - Karimi, Arezoo AU - Safi Keykaleh, Meysam AU - Bazyar, Mohammad T2 - Journal of injury & violence research AB - BACKGROUND: Domestic violence during pregnancy is a public health crisis, because it affects both mother and fetus simultaneously, resulting in irreversible consequences for mothers and their newborns. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of sexual violence during pregnancy in the world and Iran as meta-analysis. METHODS: This study is a meta-analysis on the prevalence of sexual violence during pregnancy in the world and Iran that was conductedon Persian and English published articles up to 2015. To this end, through searching the information by key words and their compounds at SID, Medlib, Irandoc, Google scholar, Pubmid, ISI, Iranmedex, Scopus and Magiran, all related articles were extracted independently by two trained researchers. The results of studies analyzed using the STATA and Spss 16 software. RESULTS: In the initial searching of 167 articles, 33 articles related to Iran, 40 articles related to other parts of the world and totally 73 articles met inclusion criteria for study. The prevalence of sexual violence during pregnancy were estimated in the world 17% (CI 95%: 15% -18%) and in Iran 28% (CI 95%: 23%-32%). The prevalence of sexual violence during pregnancy in Iran is 11 percent more than the world. CONCLUSIONS: According to the present meta-analysis results, the prevalence of sexual violence during pregnancy in Iran is high. Given that sexual violence during pregnancy causes damage to the mother and infant, it is recommended that the relevant authorities with the implementation of intervention and educational programs reduce the prevalence of sexual violence during pregnancy. DA - 2018/07//undefined PY - 2018 DO - 10.5249/jivr.v10i2.954 VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 63 EP - 74 J2 - J Inj Violence Res LA - eng SN - 2008-4072 2008-2053 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.5249/jivr.v10i2.954 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Young Adult KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - Pregnant Women/*psychology KW - pregnancy KW - Crime Victims/psychology/*statistics & numerical data KW - Intimate Partner Violence/statistics & numerical data KW - Iran KW - Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology/*psychology KW - Spouse Abuse/psychology/*statistics & numerical data KW - Survivors/psychology/*statistics & numerical data KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - pregnant woman KW - meta analysis KW - psychology KW - pregnancy complication KW - crime victim KW - statistics and numerical data KW - survivor KW - young adult ER - TY - JOUR TI - Risk factors for antenatal anxiety: A systematic review of the literature. AU - Bayrampour, Hamideh AU - Vinturache, Angela AU - Hetherington, Erin AU - Lorenzetti, Diane L. AU - Tough, Suzanne T2 - Journal of reproductive and infant psychology AB - BACKGROUND: Given the prevalence of antenatal anxiety and its consistent associations with adverse pregnancy and child outcomes, early detection and management of anxiety are essential. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to identify risk factors for anxiety among pregnant women by systematically reviewing original research. METHODS: Cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies that examined associations between antenatal anxiety and at least one potential risk factor prospectively or retrospectively and measured anxiety independent from other mental health conditions were included. Studies rated strong/moderate in methodological quality appraisal were used to synthesise the evidence. RESULTS: Factors associated with greater risk of anxiety included previous pregnancy loss, medical complications, childhood abuse, intimate partner violence, denial/acceptance coping styles, personality traits, inadequate social support, history of mental health problems, high perceived stress and adverse life events. CONCLUSIONS: Several risk factors identified in this review are detectable in routine prenatal care visits (e.g. previous pregnancy loss, pregnancy complications), potentially modifiable (e.g. coping styles, social support, partner factors) and can be identified prior to pregnancy (e.g. psychosocial factors), underlining the significance of pre-conception mental health screening. DA - 2018/11//undefined PY - 2018 DO - 10.1080/02646838.2018.1492097 VL - 36 IS - 5 SP - 476 EP - 503 J2 - J Reprod Infant Psychol LA - eng SN - 1469-672X 0264-6838 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2018.1492097 KW - Humans KW - Prevalence KW - Risk Factors KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Female KW - Social Support KW - partner violence KW - anxiety KW - Anxiety KW - Pregnancy KW - social support KW - Adaptation, Psychological KW - mental health KW - Prenatal Care KW - systematic review KW - *Pregnancy KW - *Prenatal Care KW - pregnancy KW - Pregnancy Complications KW - review KW - *review KW - Pregnancy Complications/*psychology KW - *antenatal anxiety KW - Anxiety/*epidemiology KW - child abuse KW - antenatal anxiety KW - human KW - coping behavior KW - prenatal care KW - prevalence KW - clinical assessment tool KW - Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale KW - interview KW - mass screening KW - pregnancy complication KW - prenatal period ER - TY - JOUR TI - Parent-infant psychotherapy for improving parental and infant mental health. AU - Barlow, Jane AU - Bennett, Cathy AU - Midgley, Nick AU - Larkin, Soili K. AU - Wei, Yinghui T2 - The Cochrane database of systematic reviews AB - BACKGROUND: Parent-infant psychotherapy (PIP) is a dyadic intervention that works with parent and infant together, with the aim of improving the parent-infant relationship and promoting infant attachment and optimal infant development. PIP aims to achieve this by targeting the mother's view of her infant, which may be affected by her own experiences, and linking them to her current relationship to her child, in order to improve the parent-infant relationship directly. OBJECTIVES: 1. To assess the effectiveness of PIP in improving parental and infant mental health and the parent-infant relationship.2. To identify the programme components that appear to be associated with more effective outcomes and factors that modify intervention effectiveness (e.g. programme duration, programme focus). SEARCH METHODS: We searched the following electronic databases on 13 January 2014: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, 2014, Issue 1), Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, BIOSIS Citation Index, Science Citation Index, ERIC, and Sociological Abstracts. We also searched the metaRegister of Controlled Trials, checked reference lists, and contacted study authors and other experts. SELECTION CRITERIA: Two review authors assessed study eligibility independently. We included randomised controlled trials (RCT) and quasi-randomised controlled trials (quasi-RCT) that compared a PIP programme directed at parents with infants aged 24 months or less at study entry, with a control condition (i.e. waiting-list, no treatment or treatment-as-usual), and used at least one standardised measure of parental or infant functioning. We also included studies that only used a second treatment group. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We adhered to the standard methodological procedures of The Cochrane Collaboration. We standardised the treatment effect for each outcome in each study by dividing the mean difference (MD) in post-intervention scores between the intervention and control groups by the pooled standard deviation. We presented standardised mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for continuous data, and risk ratios (RR) for dichotomous data. We undertook meta-analysis using a random-effects model. MAIN RESULTS: We included eight studies comprising 846 randomised participants, of which four studies involved comparisons of PIP with control groups only. Four studies involved comparisons with another treatment group (i.e. another PIP, video-interaction guidance, psychoeducation, counselling or cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)), two of these studies included a control group in addition to an alternative treatment group. Samples included women with postpartum depression, anxious or insecure attachment, maltreated, and prison populations. We assessed potential bias (random sequence generation, allocation concealment, incomplete outcome data, selective reporting, blinding of participants and personnel, blinding of outcome assessment, and other bias). Four studies were at low risk of bias in four or more domains. Four studies were at high risk of bias for allocation concealment, and no study blinded participants or personnel to the intervention. Five studies did not provide adequate information for assessment of risk of bias in at least one domain (rated as unclear).Six studies contributed data to the PIP versus control comparisons producing 19 meta-analyses of outcomes measured at post-intervention or follow-up, or both, for the primary outcomes of parental depression (both dichotomous and continuous data); measures of parent-child interaction (i.e. maternal sensitivity, child involvement and parent engagement; infant attachment category (secure, avoidant, disorganised, resistant); attachment change (insecure to secure, stable secure, secure to insecure, stable insecure); infant behaviour and secondary outcomes (e.g. infant cognitive development). The results favoured neither PIP nor control for incidence of parental depression (RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.04, 3 studies, 278 participants, low quality evidence) or parent-reported levels of depression (SMD -0.22, 95% CI -0.46 to 0.02, 4 studies, 356 participants, low quality evidence). There were improvements favouring PIP in the proportion of infants securely attached at post-intervention (RR 8.93, 95% CI 1.25 to 63.70, 2 studies, 168 participants, very low quality evidence); a reduction in the number of infants with an avoidant attachment style at post-intervention (RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.95, 2 studies, 168 participants, low quality evidence); fewer infants with disorganised attachment at post-intervention (RR 0.32, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.58, 2 studies, 168 participants, low quality evidence); and an increase in the proportion of infants moving from insecure to secure attachment at post-intervention (RR 11.45, 95% CI 3.11 to 42.08, 2 studies, 168 participants, low quality evidence). There were no differences between PIP and control in any of the meta-analyses for the remaining primary outcomes (i.e. adverse effects), or secondary outcomes.Four studies contributed data at post-intervention or follow-up to the PIP versus alternative treatment analyses producing 15 meta-analyses measuring parent mental health (depression); parent-infant interaction (maternal sensitivity); infant attachment category (secure, avoidant, resistant, disorganised) and attachment change (insecure to secure, stable secure, secure to insecure, stable insecure); infant behaviour and infant cognitive development. None of the remaining meta-analyses of PIP versus alternative treatment for primary outcomes (i.e. adverse effects), or secondary outcomes showed differences in outcome or any adverse changes.We used the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation Working Group (GRADE) approach to rate the overall quality of the evidence. For all comparisons, we rated the evidence as low or very low quality for parental depression and secure or disorganised infant attachment. Where we downgraded the evidence, it was because there was risk of bias in the study design or execution of the trial. The included studies also involved relatively few participants and wide CI values (imprecision), and, in some cases, we detected clinical and statistical heterogeneity (inconsistency). Lower quality evidence resulted in lower confidence in the estimate of effect for those outcomes. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Although the findings of the current review suggest that PIP is a promising model in terms of improving infant attachment security in high-risk families, there were no significant differences compared with no treatment or treatment-as-usual for other parent-based or relationship-based outcomes, and no evidence that PIP is more effective than other methods of working with parents and infants. Further rigorous research is needed to establish the impact of PIP on potentially important mediating factors such as parental mental health, reflective functioning, and parent-infant interaction. DA - 2015/01/08/ PY - 2015 DO - 10.1002/14651858.CD010534.pub2 VL - 1 SP - CD010534 J2 - Cochrane Database Syst Rev LA - eng SN - 1469-493X 1361-6137 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD010534.pub2 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - partner violence KW - depression KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - Mental Disorders/*therapy KW - mental health KW - Infant KW - Spouse Abuse KW - *Mental Health KW - *Parent-Child Relations KW - Depression/diagnosis/therapy KW - Family Therapy/*methods KW - Father-Child Relations KW - Mother-Child Relations/psychology KW - Object Attachment KW - female KW - human KW - child parent relation KW - mental disease KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - mother child relation KW - family therapy KW - father child relation KW - infant KW - meta analysis KW - object relation KW - procedures KW - psychology ER - TY - JOUR TI - Perinatal Outcomes of Incarcerated Pregnant Women: An Integrative Review. AU - Baker, Brenda T2 - Journal of correctional health care : the official journal of the National Commission on Correctional Health Care AB - Incarcerated pregnant women experience psychosocial conditions that put them at risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. To examine perinatal outcomes including maternal mental health well-being, birth weight, and preterm birth, an integrated search of the literature was conducted. Findings indicate that time in prison, especially during the first trimester, results in improved birth weight and longer gestation. Findings related to maternal mental health well-being were inconclusive but suggest significant risk to maternal role development when mother and infant are separated. Limited findings demonstrate that prenatal care, a safe environment, and food stability, along with reduced or eliminated substance abuse and violence, can positively influence perinatal outcomes. Rigorous, systematic research is vital for developing policies related to incarcerated women and perinatal outcomes. DA - 2019/04//undefined PY - 2019 DO - 10.1177/1078345819832366 VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 92 EP - 104 J2 - J Correct Health Care LA - eng SN - 1940-5200 1078-3458 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078345819832366 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Mental Health KW - Female KW - Human Females KW - substance abuse KW - violence KW - Pregnancy KW - mental health KW - Outcome Assessment, Health Care KW - Prenatal Care KW - *Perinatal Care KW - pregnancy KW - Premature Birth KW - Perinatal Care KW - *pregnancy KW - *incarcerated women KW - *Outcome Assessment, Health Care KW - *perinatal outcomes KW - *prenatal health KW - *Prisoners KW - Female Criminal Offenders KW - incarcerated women KW - Incarceration KW - perinatal outcomes KW - prenatal health KW - Prisoners KW - adult KW - article KW - female KW - human KW - wellbeing KW - pregnant woman KW - prenatal care KW - first trimester pregnancy KW - birth weight KW - correctional facility KW - mother child relation KW - prematurity ER - TY - JOUR TI - Perinatal mental health and risk of child maltreatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. AU - Ayers, Susan AU - Bond, Rod AU - Webb, Rebecca AU - Miller, Pamela AU - Bateson, Karen T2 - Child abuse & neglect AB - BACKGROUND: Mental health problems in parents have been identified as a risk factor for child maltreatment. The perinatal period (from conception to 1 year) is a critical period but it is unclear whether perinatal mental health problems are also associated with increased risk. OBJECTIVE: To review evidence on perinatal mental health and risk of child maltreatment. METHODS: Searches were conducted on six databases and 24 studies reported in 30 papers identified. Studies were conducted in seven countries, mainly the USA (n = 14). Sample sizes ranged from 48-14,893 and most examined mothers (n = 17). Studies were conducted in community (n = 17) or high-risk (n = 7) samples. RESULTS: The majority of studies found a relationship between parental perinatal mental health problems and risk of child maltreatment, but inconsistent findings were observed between and within studies. The few studies that examined fathers (n = 6) all found a relationship between fathers' mental health and risk of child maltreatment. Meta-analysis of 17 studies (n = 22,042) showed perinatal mental health problems increased risk of child maltreatment by OR 3.04 (95% CI 2.29-4.03). This relationship was moderated by type of sample, with larger effects for risk of child maltreatment in high-risk samples. The relationship was not moderated by type of mental illness, child maltreatment; methodological or measurement factors. CONCLUSION: The association between perinatal mental health and risk of child maltreatment is similar to that observed at other times during childhood. Methodological heterogeneity and inconsistent findings mean conclusions are tentative and need to be considered alongside other individual, family and social/cultural risk factors. DA - 2019/12//undefined PY - 2019 DO - 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104172 VL - 98 SP - 104172 J2 - Child Abuse Negl LA - eng SN - 1873-7757 0145-2134 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Risk Factors KW - Mental Health KW - Child KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - *Depression KW - Child Abuse/*psychology KW - *Anxiety KW - *Child abuse KW - *Child maltreatment KW - *Child neglect KW - *Mental Disorders KW - *Mental illness KW - *Perinatal mental health KW - Parents/*psychology KW - Pregnancy Complications/psychology ER - TY - JOUR TI - Prevalence and determinants of antenatal depression in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. AU - Ayano, Getinet AU - Tesfaw, Getachew AU - Shumet, Shegaye T2 - PloS one AB - BACKGROUND: Maternal depression is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder during pregnancy, can alter fetal development and have a lasting impact on the offspring's neurological and behavioral development. However, no review has been conducted to report the consolidated magnitude of antenatal depression (AND) in Ethiopia. Therefore, this review aimed to systematically summarize the existing evidence on the epidemiology of AND in Ethiopia. METHODS: Using PRISMA guideline, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed studies that examined the prevalence and associated factors of AND from three electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS). We used predefined inclusion criteria to screen identified studies. A qualitative and quantitative analysis was employed. Heterogeneity across the studies was evaluated using Q and the I² test. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plot and Egger's regression test. RESULTS: In this review, a total of 193 studies were initially identified and evaluated. Of these, five eligible articles were included in the final analysis. In our meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of AND in Ethiopia was 21.28% (95% CI; 15.96-27.78). The prevalence of AND was highest in the third trimester of pregnancy at 32.10% and it was 19.13% in the first trimester and 18.86% in the second trimester of pregnancy. The prevalence of AND was 26.48% and 18.28% as measured by Beck depression inventory (BDI) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), respectively. Moreover, the prevalence of AND was 15.50% for the studies conducted in the community setting and it was 25.77% for the studies conducted in the institution-based setting. In our qualitative synthesis, we found that those pregnant women who had a history of stillbirth, complications during pregnancy, previous history of depression, no ANC follow-up, irregular ANC follow-up, not satisfied by ANC follow-up, and monthly income <1500 Ethiopian birr were linked with a greater risk of developing ANC. We also found that those women who experienced partner violence during pregnancy, food insecurity, medium and low social support, and those who were unmarried, age group 20-29, house wives and farmers were associated with a higher risk of developing ANC. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Our meta-analysis found that the pooled prevalence of AND in Ethiopia was 21.28%. The prevalence of AND was high in the third trimester of pregnancy as compared to the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. The prevalence of AND was high in studies conducted using BDI than EPDS. Studies on the magnitude of AND as well as the possible determinants in each trimester of pregnancy with representative sample size are recommended. Screening of depression in a pregnant woman in perinatal setting might be considered backed by integration of family planning and mental health services. The use of validated and a standard instrument to assess AND is warranted. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: The protocol for this systematic review and meta-analysis was registered at PROSPERO (record ID=CRD42017076521, 06 December 2017). DA - 2019/// PY - 2019 DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0211764 VL - 14 IS - 2 SP - e0211764 J2 - PLoS One LA - eng SN - 1932-6203 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211764 KW - Humans KW - Prevalence KW - Socioeconomic Factors KW - Female KW - income KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - social support KW - Ethiopia KW - Depression/*epidemiology KW - Pregnancy Complications/*epidemiology KW - stillbirth KW - Ethiopia/epidemiology KW - Pregnancy Trimester, Third KW - antenatal depression KW - article KW - follow up KW - human KW - quantitative analysis KW - pregnant woman KW - prevalence KW - agricultural worker KW - Beck Depression Inventory KW - Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale KW - Ethiopian KW - first trimester pregnancy KW - food insecurity KW - groups by age KW - high risk pregnancy KW - housewife KW - medical history KW - meta analysis (topic) KW - practice guideline KW - qualitative analysis KW - sample size KW - second trimester pregnancy KW - single woman KW - systematic review (topic) KW - third trimester pregnancy ER - TY - JOUR TI - Social determinants and maternal exposure to intimate partner violence of obstetric patients with severe maternal morbidity in the intensive care unit: a systematic review protocol. AU - Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina AU - Taft, Angela AU - McDonald, Susan AU - Pollock, Wendy AU - Roque Henriquez, Joel Christian T2 - BMJ open AB - INTRODUCTION: Maternal mortality is a potentially preventable public health issue. Maternal morbidity is increasingly of interest to aid the reduction of maternal mortality. Obstetric patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) are an important part of the global burden of maternal morbidity. Social determinants influence health outcomes of pregnant women. Additionally, intimate partner violence has a great negative impact on women's health and pregnancy outcome. However, little is known about the contextual and social aspects of obstetric patients treated in the ICU. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the social determinants and exposure to intimate partner violence of obstetric patients admitted to an ICU. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A systematic search will be conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL, ProQuest, LILACS and SciELO from 2000 to 2016. Studies published in English and Spanish will be identified in relation to data reporting on social determinants of health and/or exposure to intimate partner violence of obstetric women, treated in the ICU during pregnancy, childbirth or within 42 days of the end of pregnancy. Two reviewers will independently screen for study eligibility and data extraction. Risk of bias and assessment of the quality of the included studies will be performed by using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist. Data will be analysed and summarised using a narrative description of the available evidence across studies. This systematic review protocol will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Since this systematic review will be based on published studies, ethical approval is not required. Findings will be presented at La Trobe University, in Conferences and Congresses, and published in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42016037492. DA - 2016/11/28/ PY - 2016 DO - 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013270 VL - 6 IS - 11 SP - e013270 J2 - BMJ Open LA - eng SN - 2044-6055 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013270 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Women's Health KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - Research Design KW - *Social Determinants of Health KW - *intimate partner violence KW - *Intimate Partner Violence KW - systematic review KW - Postpartum Period KW - Pregnancy Outcome KW - review KW - Systematic Reviews as Topic KW - Pregnant Women KW - abortion KW - maternal exposure KW - *Pregnancy Complications KW - female KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - pregnant woman KW - meta analysis KW - preeclampsia KW - maternal mortality KW - bibliographic database KW - pregnancy diabetes mellitus KW - hospital admission KW - maternal morbidity KW - obstetric hemorrhage KW - social determinants of health KW - ectopic pregnancy KW - HELLP syndrome KW - intensive care unit KW - maternal death KW - obstetric patient KW - sepsis KW - *Critical Illness KW - *Gender-Based Violence KW - *intensive care unit KW - *Intensive Care Units KW - *Maternal Mortality KW - *severe maternal morbidity KW - *social determinants KW - *violence against women KW - Maternal Exposure ER - TY - JOUR TI - A Systematic Review of Interventions for Women Parenting in the Context of Intimate Partner Violence. AU - Austin, Anna E. AU - Shanahan, Meghan E. AU - Barrios, Yasmin V. AU - Macy, Rebecca J. T2 - Trauma, violence & abuse AB - Intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization is widespread among women with children and has negative consequences for both women's and children's well-being. Despite mixed evidence regarding the effect of IPV on women's parenting ability and behaviors, there is an increasing focus on mothering in the context of IPV, particularly among the child welfare and child protection systems. To help respond to this increasing focus, several interventions have been developed that specifically target parenting among IPV-affected women. Given the growing numbers of these interventions, a comprehensive review is needed to help elucidate the approaches that are most effective in meeting the needs of IPV-affected women and children. Therefore, we conducted an in-depth systematic review of the literature to examine the approaches and effects of interventions designed to address aspects of parenting among IPV-affected women. We identified 26 articles concerned with 19 distinct interventions for review. We found substantial heterogeneity in intervention delivery, format, length, and focus. We noted several limitations of the existing studies in terms of study sample, measures, design, and implementation. Given the heterogeneity of the existing interventions and the limitations of the current research base, it is not yet clear which interventions or intervention components are most effective in addressing the unique needs of women parenting in the context of IPV. Further research is needed to address these limitations, and professionals working with IPV-affected families should be aware that current services may not meet women's and children's needs. DA - 2019/10//undefined PY - 2019 DO - 10.1177/1524838017719233 VL - 20 IS - 4 SP - 498 EP - 519 J2 - Trauma Violence Abuse LA - eng SN - 1552-8324 1524-8380 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Female KW - Spouse Abuse/psychology KW - Mothers/*psychology KW - Intimate Partner Violence/*psychology KW - *domestic violence KW - Parenting/*psychology KW - Mother-Child Relations/psychology KW - *battered women KW - *children exposed to domestic violence KW - *cultural contexts KW - *House Calls KW - *intervention/treatment KW - *Psychotherapy KW - Exposure to Violence/psychology KW - Maternal Behavior/psychology KW - Problem Behavior KW - Psychological Trauma/psychology/*therapy KW - Psychotherapy, Group ER - TY - JOUR TI - Perinatal depression in Pakistan: A systematic review and meta-analysis. AU - Atif, Maria AU - Halaki, Mark AU - Raynes-Greenow, Camille AU - Chow, Chin-Moi T2 - Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) AB - OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of perinatal depression in Pakistan. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search of Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Global health, up through May 31, 2019. Studies reporting on the prevalence of perinatal depression in Pakistan with or without associated risks factors were included. RESULTS: Forty-three studies reporting data from 17 544 women met the eligibility criteria and were included. Overall, the pooled prevalence of antenatal depression was 37% (95% CI: 30-44), while that of postnatal depression was 30% (95% CI: 25-36). The prevalence of perinatal depression in women residing in urban areas and those living in rural settings was not significantly different. The most frequently reported risk factors for antenatal depression were intimate partner violence and poor relationship with spouse, and that reported for postnatal depression was low-income level. An unintended pregnancy was significantly associated with perinatal depression in Pakistan. CONCLUSIONS: We identified variability in prevalence rate of perinatal depression in Pakistan. It is difficult to gauge the true magnitude of this problem potentially due to differing risk factors between the antenatal and postnatal periods and the lack of uniformity of data collection protocols and procedures. The high prevalence rates of 30%-37% compared to global estimates suggest policy makers and stakeholders should direct additional resources toward improving perinatal mental health in Pakistan. DA - 2021/02/12/ PY - 2021 DO - 10.1111/birt.12535 J2 - Birth LA - eng SN - 1523-536X 0730-7659 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/birt.12535 KW - partner violence KW - depression KW - mental health KW - systematic review KW - perinatal KW - review KW - Pakistan KW - perinatal period KW - antenatal depression KW - postnatal depression KW - adult KW - female KW - human KW - risk factor KW - male KW - Medline KW - PsycINFO KW - Cinahl KW - controlled study KW - eligibility criteria KW - Embase KW - gauge KW - global health KW - lowest income group KW - prevalence KW - unplanned pregnancy KW - urban area ER - TY - JOUR TI - A Scoping Review of the Health of Conflict-Induced Internally Displaced Women in Africa. AU - Amodu, Oluwakemi C. AU - Richter, Magdalena S. AU - Salami, Bukola O. T2 - International journal of environmental research and public health AB - Armed conflict and internal displacement of persons create new health challenges for women in Africa. To outline the research literature on this population, we conducted a review of studies exploring the health of internally displaced persons (IDP) women in Africa. In collaboration with a health research librarian and a review team, a search strategy was designed that identified 31 primary research studies with relevant evidence. Studies on the health of displaced women have been conducted in South- Central Africa, including Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC); and in Eastern, East central Africa, and Western Africa, including Eritrea, Uganda, and Sudan, Côte d'Ivoire, and Nigeria. We identified violence, mental health, sexual and reproductive health, and malaria and as key health areas to explore, and observed that socioeconomic power shifts play a crucial role in predisposing women to challenges in all four categories. Access to reproductive health services was influenced by knowledge, geographical proximity to health services, spousal consent, and affordability of care. As well, numerous factors affect the mental health of internally displaced women in Africa: excessive care-giving responsibilities, lack of financial and family support to help them cope, sustained experiences of violence, psychological distress, family dysfunction, and men's chronic alcoholism. National and regional governments must recommit to institutional restructuring and improved funding allocation to culturally appropriate health interventions for displaced women. DA - 2020/02/17/ PY - 2020 DO - 10.3390/ijerph17041280 VL - 17 IS - 4 J2 - Int J Environ Res Public Health LA - eng SN - 1660-4601 1661-7827 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Adolescent KW - Child KW - Female KW - Young Adult KW - Women's Health KW - Health Services Accessibility KW - Violence KW - Pregnancy KW - *Refugees KW - Africa KW - *women’s health KW - Infant, Newborn KW - *Health Status KW - *scoping review KW - *Mental Health KW - *Warfare KW - *Africa KW - *health KW - *internally displaced women KW - Reproductive Health Services ER - TY - JOUR TI - Are women with a history of abuse more vulnerable to perinatal depressive symptoms? A systematic review. AU - Alvarez-Segura, M. AU - Garcia-Esteve, L. AU - Torres, A. AU - Plaza, A. AU - Imaz, M. L. AU - Hermida-Barros, L. AU - San, L. AU - Burtchen, N. T2 - Archives of women's mental health AB - The objective of this paper is to examine the association between maternal lifetime abuse and perinatal depressive symptoms. Papers included in this review were identified through electronic searches of the following databases: Pubmed Medline and Ovid, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library. Each database was searched from its start date through 1 September 2011. Keywords such as "postpartum," "perinatal," "prenatal," "depression," "violence," "child abuse," and "partner abuse" were included in the purview of MeSH terms. Studies that examined the association between maternal lifetime abuse and perinatal depression were included. A total of 545 studies were included in the initial screening. Forty-three articles met criteria for inclusion and were incorporated in this review. Quality of articles was evaluated with the Newcastle-Ottawa-Scale (NOS). This systematic review indicates a positive association between maternal lifetime abuse and depressive symptoms in the perinatal period. DA - 2014/10//undefined PY - 2014 DO - 10.1007/s00737-014-0440-9 VL - 17 IS - 5 SP - 343 EP - 357 J2 - Arch Womens Ment Health LA - eng SN - 1435-1102 1434-1816 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00737-014-0440-9 KW - Humans KW - Prevalence KW - Risk Factors KW - Mental Health KW - Child KW - Child Abuse KW - Female KW - Human Females KW - Violence KW - partner violence KW - depression KW - Domestic Violence KW - Sexual Abuse KW - violence KW - Pregnancy KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic KW - *Perinatal Care KW - systematic review KW - domestic violence KW - Child Abuse/*psychology KW - Vulnerable Populations KW - Postpartum KW - Perinatal Care KW - Domestic violence KW - Depression, Postpartum/*diagnosis/epidemiology/psychology KW - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology/*psychology KW - Antepartum Period KW - Perinatal Period KW - child abuse KW - abuse KW - Depression, Postpartum KW - perinatal period KW - Antepartum KW - Childhood abuse KW - Depression (Emotion) KW - Perinatal depression KW - female KW - human KW - Medline KW - PsycINFO KW - childhood KW - Cochrane Library KW - data base KW - lifespan KW - Medical Subject Headings KW - screening ER - TY - JOUR TI - The most important risk factors affecting mental health during pregnancy: a systematic review. AU - Alipour, Zahra AU - Kheirabadi, Gholam R. AU - Kazemi, Ashraf AU - Fooladi, Marjaneh T2 - Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit AB - BACKGROUND: Pregnant women comprise a vulnerable population owing to the changes they experience in various stages that affect their mental health. Mental health problems affects nearly one-fifth of pregnant women during the prenatal and postpartum periods. Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5 focus on maternal and child health and specify that overall health cannot be reached without mental health. AIMS: The aim of this comprehensive systematic review was to evaluate research evidence on the determinants of antenatal mental health disorders among Iranian women. METHODS: Using a systematic literature review of observational studies in English and Farsi we focused on Iranian women being evaluated for the determinants of antenatal mental health problems. PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Scientific Information Databases (SID), Global Medical Article Limberly, Iranian Biomedical Journal and the Iranian Journal Database were independently searched to identify articles published during 2000-2016. RESULTS: Thirty-one studies met the inclusion criteria and the results showed a significant relationship between antenatal mental health risks and variables such as lack of social support, marital status, domestic violence, unintended pregnancy and socioeconomic status. The paucity of high quality research evidence limited proper evidenced-based planning and generating results deemed essential to address antenatal mental health issues for Iranian pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that socioeconomic status and marital quality are the most important risk factors for disturbing mental health among Iranian pregnant women. DA - 2018/07/29/ PY - 2018 DO - 10.26719/2018.24.6.549 VL - 24 IS - 6 SP - 549 EP - 559 J2 - East Mediterr Health J LA - eng SN - 1020-3397 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2018.24.6.549 KW - Humans KW - Risk Factors KW - Mental Health KW - Female KW - risk factors KW - social support KW - mental health KW - Pregnancy/*psychology KW - systematic review KW - pregnancy KW - Pregnancy Complications/etiology/*psychology KW - review KW - postpartum KW - human KW - mixed anxiety and depression KW - prenatal care KW - quality control KW - questionnaire KW - risk factor KW - social status ER - TY - JOUR TI - Re: Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and the risk for adverse infant outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Anxiety and depression may contribute to birth outcome related to intimate partner violence. AU - Al Qahtani, Nourah T2 - BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology DA - 2017/01//undefined PY - 2017 DO - 10.1111/1471-0528.14264 VL - 124 IS - 1 SP - 163 EP - 164 J2 - BJOG LA - eng SN - 1471-0528 1470-0328 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.14264 KW - Humans KW - Female KW - partner violence KW - anxiety KW - Anxiety KW - depression KW - Pregnancy KW - *Intimate Partner Violence KW - *Depression KW - Risk KW - Spouse Abuse KW - human KW - adverse outcome KW - bullying KW - coping behavior KW - letter KW - love KW - physical violence KW - pregnancy outcome KW - pregnant woman KW - priority journal ER - TY - JOUR TI - The maternal health outcomes of paid maternity leave: a systematic review. AU - Aitken, Zoe AU - Garrett, Cameryn C. AU - Hewitt, Belinda AU - Keogh, Louise AU - Hocking, Jane S. AU - Kavanagh, Anne M. T2 - Social science & medicine (1982) AB - Paid maternity leave has become a standard benefit in many countries throughout the world. Although maternal health has been central to the rationale for paid maternity leave, no review has specifically examined the effect of paid maternity leave on maternal health. The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic review of studies that examine the association between paid maternity leave and maternal health. We conducted a comprehensive search of electronic databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Sociological Abstracts) and Google Scholar. We searched websites of relevant organisations, reference lists of key papers and journals, and citation indices for additional studies including those not in refereed journals. There were no language restrictions. Studies were included if they compared paid maternity leave versus no paid maternity leave, or different lengths of paid leave. Data were extracted and an assessment of bias was performed independently by authors. Seven studies were identified, with participants from Australia, Sweden, Norway, USA, Canada, and Lebanon. All studies used quantitative methodologies, including cohort, cross-sectional, and repeated cross-sectional designs. Outcomes included mental health and wellbeing, general health, physical wellbeing, and intimate partner violence. The four studies that examined leave at an individual level showed evidence of maternal health benefits, whereas the three studies conducting policy-level comparisons reported either no association or evidence of a negative association. The synthesis of the results suggested that paid maternity leave provided maternal health benefits, although this varied depending on the length of leave. This has important implications for public health and social policy. However, all studies were subject to confounding bias and many to reverse causation. Given the small number of studies and the methodological limitations of the evidence, longitudinal studies are needed to further clarify the effects of paid maternity leave on the health of mothers in paid employment. DA - 2015/04//undefined PY - 2015 DO - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.02.001 VL - 130 SP - 32 EP - 41 J2 - Soc Sci Med LA - eng SN - 1873-5347 0277-9536 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.02.001 KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Health Outcomes KW - Mental Health KW - Female KW - Health Status KW - Sweden KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - policy KW - Canada KW - Australia KW - citation analysis KW - Systematic review KW - systematic review KW - *Health Status KW - Spouse Abuse KW - Mental health KW - Maternal health KW - review KW - Spouse Abuse/statistics & numerical data KW - *Mental Health KW - Maternal Health/*statistics & numerical data KW - Maternity leave KW - Mothers/psychology/*statistics & numerical data KW - Parental Leave/*statistics & numerical data KW - Maternal Health KW - Mothers KW - Employee Leave Benefits KW - Parental Leave KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - cohort analysis KW - cross-sectional study KW - Lebanon KW - maternal welfare KW - maternity leave KW - medical leave KW - Norway KW - publication KW - quantitative analysis KW - wellbeing ER - TY - JOUR TI - Study protocol for a longitudinal study evaluating the impact of rape on women's health and their use of health services in South Africa. AU - Abrahams, Naeemah AU - Seedat, Soraya AU - Lombard, Carl AU - Kengne, Andre P. AU - Myers, Bronwyn AU - Sewnath, Alesha AU - Mhlongo, Shibe AU - Ramjee, Gita AU - Peer, Nasheeta AU - Garcia-Moreno, Claudia AU - Jewkes, Rachel T2 - BMJ open AB - INTRODUCTION: South Africa is a country known for its high levels of HIV infection and sexual violence. Although the interface between gender-based violence, HIV and mental health has been described, there are substantial gaps in knowledge of the medium-term and long-term health impact. The 2010 Global Burden of Disease study excluded many health outcomes associated with rape and other forms of gender-based violence because systematic reviews revealed huge gaps in data and poor evidence of health effects. This study aims to describe the incidence and attributable burden of physical and mental health problems (including HIV acquisition) in adult women over a 2-year postrape period, through comparison with a cohort of women who have not been raped. The study will substantially advance our understanding of the impact of rape and will generate robust data to assist in the development of postrape health services and the delivery of evidence-based care. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This longitudinal study seeks to recruit 1008 rape-exposed and 1008 rape non-exposed women. Women were recruited from health services, and assessments were carried out at baseline, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months. Outcome measures include exposure to risk factors; mental health status; cardio-metabolic risks; and biomarkers for HIV, sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy and stress. The primary analysis will be to compare HIV incidence in the two groups using log-rank tests. Appropriate models to predict health outcomes over time will also be applied. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The South African Medical Research Council's Ethics Committee approved the study. As rape is a key element of the study, the safety and protection of participants guides the research process. We will adopt a research uptake strategy to ensure dissemination to policy makers, service providers and advocacy groups. Peer-reviewed journal articles will be published. DA - 2017/09/29/ PY - 2017 DO - 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017296 VL - 7 IS - 9 SP - e017296 J2 - BMJ Open LA - eng SN - 2044-6055 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017296 KW - Adult KW - Humans KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Young Adult KW - Time Factors KW - Regression Analysis KW - HIV KW - HIV test KW - mental health KW - HIV Infections/etiology KW - *Women's Health KW - South Africa KW - adult KW - article KW - biological marker KW - cardiometabolic risk KW - comparative study KW - evidence based practice KW - female KW - follow up KW - gender based violence KW - global disease burden KW - health service KW - human KW - Human immunodeficiency virus KW - Human immunodeficiency virus infection KW - incidence KW - infection risk KW - log rank test KW - long term care KW - longitudinal study KW - major clinical study KW - nonhuman KW - outcome assessment KW - rape KW - sexual violence KW - women's health KW - *Research Design KW - Evidence-Based Practice KW - health impact KW - Health Services/*statistics & numerical data KW - Pregnancy/statistics & numerical data KW - Rape/psychology/*statistics & numerical data ER - TY - RPRT TI - Opportunity to Learn: The Health Connection AU - Jackson, Shirley A. AB - Reviews the following health issues related to the opportunity to learn for poor African-American and other minority children: (1) inadequate prenatal care; (2) malnutrition; (3) childhood diseases and illnesses; (4) unsafe environments and violence; (5) teenage sexual activity, pregnancy, and AIDS; (6) substance use and abuse; and (7) mental and emotional health problems. (SLD) DA - 1993/// PY - 1993 SP - 377 EP - 93 LA - English UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/reports/opportunity-learn-health-connection/docview/62797899/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 62797899; EJ473825 DB - ERIC L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aeric&atitle=Opportunity+to+Learn%3A+The+Health+Connection&title=Journal+of+Negro+Education&issn=00222984&date=1993-07-01&volume=62&issue=3&spage=377&au=Jackson%2C+Shirley+A.&isbn=&jtitle=Journal+of+Negro+Education&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/EJ473825&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Access to Education KW - Sexuality KW - African Americans KW - Mental Health KW - Poverty KW - Violence KW - Nutrition KW - Black Students KW - Child Health KW - Disadvantaged Youth KW - Diseases KW - Economically Disadvantaged KW - Educational Change KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Health Needs KW - Health Services KW - Minority Group Children KW - Opportunity to Learn KW - Prenatal Influences KW - Reform Efforts KW - Substance Abuse ER - TY - RPRT TI - Report of the AAP Task Force on Minority Children's Access to Pediatric Care AB - This report examines five major components that affect minority children's access to health care. They are: health status, barriers to access, workforce, organizational response, and the role of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Recommendations are included for each of these components. Health status indicators for minority children include: premature death and disability caused by controllable illnesses and high infant mortality, differential rates of immunization, teenage pregnancy, and injuries associated with violence. Minority children also encounter barriers to health care access. Among these barriers are: economic factors, such as a lack of financial resources and inadequate insurance, and geographic factors that result in limited availability of providers and facilities. Other barriers are: poverty and lack of education, which often translate into delayed health care and poor compliance with treatment, cultural insensitivity, racism, and classism. Workforce factors that affect minority children's health care access include the relative absence of minority group pediatricians and the geographic maldistribution of practitioners. The AAP Task Force recognizes the organizational response of other groups that have addressed this issue. The Academy's role is to ensure that the perspectives of minority pediatricians and children are considered in AAP educational programs, policy, developmental advocacy and research. (Three appendices include the directive to the AAP Task Force on Minority Children's Access to Pediatric Care, a review of relevant programs, and copies of the Task Force surveys. Contains 120 references.) (VL) DA - 1994/// PY - 1994 SP - 1 EP - 96 LA - English UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/reports/report-aap-task-force-on-minority-childrens/docview/62706785/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 62706785; ED376967 DB - ERIC L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&genre=report&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aeric&atitle=&title=Report+of+the+AAP+Task+Force+on+Minority+Children%27s+Access+to+Pediatric+Care&issn=&date=1994-01-01&volume=&issue=&spage=1&au=&isbn=0910761590&jtitle=&btitle=Report+of+the+AAP+Task+Force+on+Minority+Children%27s+Access+to+Pediatric+Care&rft_id=info:eric/ED376967&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Health Promotion KW - Pediatrics KW - Health Education KW - Child Health KW - Health Needs KW - Health Services KW - Minority Group Children KW - Access to Health Care KW - American Academy of Pediatrics KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Health Conditions KW - Health Personnel KW - Medical Care Evaluation KW - Medicine KW - Socioeconomic Influences ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Role of Lifestyle in Preventing Low Birth Weight AU - Chomitz, Virginia Rall AU - And Others T2 - Future of Children AB - Discusses the relationship between lifestyle choices and low birth weights and the opportunity that pregnancy offers women for adopting more healthful lifestyle behaviors. It reviews the literature that focuses on the roles of drug use, nutrition, stress, physical activity, employment, social support, violence, and sexually transmitted diseases in causing low birth weight. (GR) DA - 1995/// PY - 1995 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 121 EP - 38 LA - English SN - 1054-8289, 1054-8289 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/role-lifestyle-preventing-low-birth-weight/docview/62648290/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 62648290; EJ511182 DB - ERIC L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aeric&atitle=The+Role+of+Lifestyle+in+Preventing+Low+Birth+Weight&title=Future+of+Children&issn=10548289&date=1995-04-01&volume=5&issue=1&spage=121&au=Chomitz%2C+Virginia+Rall%3BAnd+Others&isbn=&jtitle=Future+of+Children&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/EJ511182&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Prevention KW - Nutrition KW - Risk KW - Life Style KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Substance Abuse KW - Behavior Change KW - Behavior Disorders KW - Birth Weight KW - Body Weight KW - Drinking KW - Predictor Variables KW - Resistance to Change KW - Sexually Transmitted Diseases KW - Social Change ER - TY - RPRT TI - Trends in the Well-Being of America's Children and Youth: 1996 AB - This is the first edition of what is intended to be an annual, comprehensive report on trends in the well-being of America's children and youth. It contains two sections: the first is a quick-reference guide describing national trends for 74 indicators of child and youth well-being based on data collected by the federal government. The information provided for each indicator includes one or more tables documenting recent historical trends and important population sub-group differences, graphics to highlight key trends and group contrasts, and accompanying text that briefly describes the importance of each indicator and highlights the most salient features of the data. The indicators are organized into five substantive areas: (1) population, family, and neighborhood; (2) economic security; (3) health conditions and health care; (4) social development, behavioral health, and teen fertility; and (5) education and achievement. The second section of the report offers a narrative treatment of a particular topic affecting the well-being of children and youth. This edition's article, by Donald J. Hernandez, offers a review of trends in, and detailed historical tables on, the socio-demographic characteristics of children, youth, and their families. Contains 28 references. (EV) DA - 1996/04// PY - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 343 LA - English UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/reports/trends-well-being-americas-children-youth-1996/docview/62557631/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 62557631; ED402077 DB - ERIC L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&genre=report&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aeric&atitle=&title=Trends+in+the+Well-Being+of+America%27s+Children+and+Youth%3A+1996&issn=&date=1996-04-01&volume=&issue=&spage=1&au=&isbn=&jtitle=&btitle=Trends+in+the+Well-Being+of+America%27s+Children+and+Youth%3A+1996&rft_id=info:eric/ED402077&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Adolescents KW - Academic Achievement KW - Ethnic Groups KW - Sexuality KW - Poverty KW - Child Abuse KW - Physical Health KW - Demography KW - Health Insurance KW - Exercise KW - Obesity KW - Well Being KW - Violence KW - Child Welfare KW - Mortality Rate KW - Safety KW - Suicide KW - Prenatal Care KW - Incidence KW - Children KW - Child Neglect KW - Infant Mortality KW - Child Health KW - Substance Abuse KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Birth Weight KW - Child Support KW - Crime KW - Day Care KW - Dropout Rate KW - Employment Patterns KW - Family Income KW - Family Structure KW - Housing KW - Immunization Programs KW - Peer Relationship KW - Religious Factors KW - Tables (Data) KW - Television Viewing KW - Trend Analysis KW - Youth Problems ER - TY - RPRT TI - Introduction and Overview: Let's Make "Healthy Children 2010" a National Priority! AU - Weissberg, Roger P. AU - Kuster, Carol Bartels AB - This opening chapter provides an overview of the book. Chapter 2 of the book summarizes current data for problem behaviors among adolescents across five areas including: (1) substance abuse; (2) sexual behavior; (3) delinquency and violence; (4) depression and suicidal ideation; and (5) school failure. Next, chapter 3 addresses the efforts to stem drug use among children and summarizes effective school-based drug prevention programs. Chapter 4 reviews the limited progress made toward reducing early sexual behavior and pregnancy, and the lack of contraceptive use among adolescents. In chapter 5 the increasing threat of youth violence to the public health is examined. Chapter 6 discusses the tendency for depression to co-occur with other debilitating conditions and the deleterious effects of depression in childhood. Chapter 7 provides an overview of what schools can do to address the issue of youth suicide. Chapter 8 addresses the issue of poor nutrition in children and how healthier dietary behaviors can be encouraged. Chapter 9 addresses prevention strategies relating to accidental injury. Lastly, chapter 10 addresses school success as both academic and bonding with the institution's staff to protect against the pitfalls discussed in the previous chapters. The chapter concludes by noting that, as comprehensive as "Healthy People 2000" is, it does not go far enough in addressing the health problems and needs of children and youth. The present volume makes clear that the widespread dissemination of effective health promotion practices and policies to foster social and environmental supports for children's social, emotional, and physical wellness are our best bet toward improving their current functioning as well as their health as adults. Contains 28 references. (SD) DA - 1997/// PY - 1997 SP - 1 EP - 18 LA - English UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/reports/introduction-overview-lets-make-healthy-children/docview/62505001/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 62505001; ED416959 DB - ERIC L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&genre=report&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aeric&atitle=&title=Introduction+and+Overview%3A+Let%27s+Make+%22Healthy+Children+2010%22+a+National+Priority%21&issn=&date=1997-01-01&volume=&issue=&spage=1&au=Weissberg%2C+Roger+P.%3BKuster%2C+Carol+Bartels&isbn=&jtitle=&btitle=Introduction+and+Overview%3A+Let%27s+Make+%22Healthy+Children+2010%22+a+National+Priority%21&rft_id=info:eric/ED416959&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Adolescents KW - Intervention KW - Academic Achievement KW - Sexuality KW - Prevention KW - Well Being KW - Violence KW - Drug Abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - Nutrition KW - Child Behavior KW - Health Promotion KW - Program Development KW - Suicide KW - Children KW - Behavior Problems KW - Child Health KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Substance Abuse KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Youth Problems KW - Accident Prevention KW - Depression (Psychology) KW - Healthy Children 2010 KW - Healthy People 2000 KW - Injuries KW - Preventive Education KW - School Health Services KW - School Role ER - TY - RPRT TI - A Decade Review of Selected Risky Behaviors and Attitudes of Alabama Adolescents. Summary Report AU - Nagy, Stephen AU - Adcock, Anthony G. AU - Leaver-Dunn, Deidre AU - Elder, Craig AU - Jacobs, Donna P. AB - This report examines the behaviors and attitudes of Alabama adolescents and provides insights into changes and trends in the selected areas. Relatively few meaningful changes on risky behaviors were found. Risky health behaviors remained a serious, immediate, and future threat to the well-being of Alabama's teens. Changes were extremely modest in the areas of substance abuse, mental health measures, safety behaviors, weight control behaviors, sexual initiation, and pregnancy. One area clearly showing change was physical activity for which there was a downward trend. Given the substantial sums of money spent in the areas of prevention of substance use, violence, and promoting sexual abstinence, it appears that these efforts have not been effective in having an impact on these selected behaviors. In order to maximize the learning environment, behaviors that generally occur away from school must be addressed. This means that prevention programs must involve communities, parents, and others as well as schools. It is essential to utilize strategies and materials that are proven and scientifically tested. Specific issues in different types of programs are discussed; recommendations are provided. Healthy students make better learners; schools and communities must address comprehensive school health issues. Active leadership by state government is required. (EMK) DA - 1998/10// PY - 1998 SP - 1 EP - 32 LA - English UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/reports/decade-review-selected-risky-behaviors-attitudes/docview/62489110/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 62489110; ED427268 DB - ERIC L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&genre=report&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aeric&atitle=&title=A+Decade+Review+of+Selected+Risky+Behaviors+and+Attitudes+of+Alabama+Adolescents.+Summary+Report&issn=&date=1998-10-01&volume=&issue=&spage=1&au=Nagy%2C+Stephen%3BAdcock%2C+Anthony+G.%3BLeaver-Dunn%2C+Deidre%3BElder%2C+Craig%3BJacobs%2C+Donna+P.&isbn=&jtitle=&btitle=A+Decade+Review+of+Selected+Risky+Behaviors+and+Attitudes+of+Alabama+Adolescents.+Summary+Report&rft_id=info:eric/ED427268&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Adolescents KW - Secondary Education KW - Sexuality KW - Mental Health KW - Prevention KW - Health Behavior KW - Violence KW - Safety KW - Attitudes KW - Health Education KW - Health Needs KW - Substance Abuse KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Alabama KW - At Risk Persons KW - Health Programs KW - State Surveys ER - TY - RPRT TI - Kids Count in Nebraska: 1999 Report AU - Johnston, Janet M. AB - This Kids Count report is the seventh to examine statewide trends and county data on the well-being of Nebraska's children. The bulk of this statistical report presents findings on indicators of well-being in eight areas: (1) child abuse and neglect/domestic violence (investigated and substantiated cases, who reports, types of abuse, domestic violence shelters, how domestic violence affects children); (2) early childhood care and education (early childhood development, early childhood education programs, Early Head Start, child care facilities and subsidies, Nebraska Good Beginnings); (3) economic well-being (Earned Income Tax Credit, single parent families, divorce and child support, Family Mentoring Project, Temporary Assistance to Needy Families); (4) education (high school graduates, school dropouts, expelled students, special education, educational achievement scores); (5) physical and behavioral health (births, prenatal care, low birth weight, secondhand smoke, births to teens, out-of-wedlock births, immunizations, blood lead levels, access to health care, infant mortality, child deaths, suicide and homicide, drug use, seat belt use, drinking and driving, weapons, fighting, teen sexual behavior, mental health and substance abuse treatment, community-based services, residential care); (6) juvenile justice (juvenile arrests, victims of rape, probation, detention after arrest, Youth Rehabilitation and Treatment Centers, adult jail and parole for juveniles); (7) nutrition (food stamps, USDA nutrition programs); and (8) out-of-home care and adoption (out-of-home care, State Foster Care Review Board, licensed and approved foster homes, lack of foster care homes, multiple placements, race and ethnicity, adoption services). The report also includes an introductory commentary on Nebraska's abused and neglected children. (EV) DA - 1999/// PY - 1999 SP - 1 EP - 41 LA - English PB - Voices for Children in Nebraska, 7521 Main Street, Suite 103, Omaha, NE 68127; UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/reports/kids-count-nebraska-1999-report/docview/62309635/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 62309635; ED445787 DB - ERIC L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&genre=report&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aeric&atitle=&title=Kids+Count+in+Nebraska%3A+1999+Report&issn=&date=1999-01-01&volume=&issue=&spage=1&au=Johnston%2C+Janet+M.&isbn=&jtitle=&btitle=Kids+Count+in+Nebraska%3A+1999+Report&rft_id=info:eric/ED445787&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Child Abuse KW - Demography KW - Well Being KW - Child Welfare KW - Nutrition KW - Prenatal Care KW - Children KW - Child Neglect KW - Infant Mortality KW - Child Health KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Day Care KW - Tables (Data) KW - Trend Analysis KW - Youth Problems KW - State Surveys KW - Counties KW - Drug Use KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Early Parenthood KW - Economic Status KW - Family (Sociological Unit) KW - Family Violence KW - Foster Care KW - Indicators KW - Juvenile Justice KW - Nebraska KW - Out of Home Care KW - Social Indicators KW - Statistical Surveys KW - Welfare Services ER - TY - RPRT TI - New Horizons: An Empowerment Program for Egyptian Adolescent Girls AU - Swanson, Julie Hanson AB - New Horizons is a nonschool program that demystifies and communicates essential information on basic life skills and reproductive health to Egyptian girls and young women aged 9-20. The program consists of 100 hour-long sessions, each including an introduction to a specific topic, review of group knowledge level, discussion around key points displayed on a poster, assessment, and follow-up activity. Topic categories are identity, rights and responsibilities, nutrition, health, first aid, child development, environment, small business projects, and for those over age 12, adolescence, violence against women, marriage, pregnancy, family planning, and sexually transmitted diseases. The program was developed in three upper Egyptian rural governates with low female education and literacy. A diverse group of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) assembled a team of fieldworkers who identified rural girls' problems and needs, chose 17 topics as the foundation of program materials, trained local volunteer facilitators, and evaluated early field tests. Notable program features include a comprehensive assortment of topics, an integrated approach to working with rural parents and communities, cultural and social sensitivity, simple manuals for facilitators, and replicability. Over 100 New Horizons Girls' Learning Centers now operate in four governates. Positive program impacts include changing traditional harmful practices and attitudes, building girls' confidence and status, creating demand for literacy and education, and encouraging girls to share new ideas within the family. Appendices list NGO program developers, program topics, and a chronology of program development. (SV) DA - 1999/04// PY - 1999 SP - 1 EP - 19 LA - English UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/reports/new-horizons-empowerment-program-egyptian/docview/62383689/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 62383689; ED434795 DB - ERIC L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&genre=report&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aeric&atitle=&title=New+Horizons%3A+An+Empowerment+Program+for+Egyptian+Adolescent+Girls&issn=&date=1999-04-01&volume=&issue=&spage=1&au=Swanson%2C+Julie+Hanson&isbn=&jtitle=&btitle=New+Horizons%3A+An+Empowerment+Program+for+Egyptian+Adolescent+Girls&rft_id=info:eric/ED434795&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Access to Education KW - Adolescents KW - Females KW - Foreign Countries KW - Program Development KW - Health Education KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Social Change KW - Cultural Sensitivity KW - Daily Living Skills KW - Disadvantaged KW - Egypt KW - Empowerment KW - Late Adolescents KW - Nongovernmental Organizations KW - Nonschool Educational Programs KW - Out of School Youth KW - Preadolescents KW - Rural Education KW - Rural Women KW - Sex Education ER - TY - RPRT TI - Louisiana Adolescent Data Book A2 - Kimbrell, Joe A2 - Daly, Maureen A2 - Sterne, Sylvia A2 - Howard, Sharon A2 - Evans, Trina A2 - Lowenthal, Nancy A2 - Galatas, Kate A2 - Sumrall, Liz AB - This report provides a comprehensive review of the status of Louisiana's youth and is designed to be used in planning efforts and in developing priorities for improving the health and welfare of the youth of the state. Chapter 1 of the report examines the concept of expanding the definition of health to include social and emotional development, considers the relationship of high-risk behaviors to health, and identifies 40 developmental assets that predict behavior. Chapter 2 provides brief synopses of current state programs for adolescents. Chapter 3 highlights the connection between poverty and health, and provides the number of children in each parish receiving Temporary Assistance to Needy Families, and statistics on foster care, unemployment, and employment status by parish. Chapter 4 considers the relationship between health and academic performance. Chapter 5 discusses the mental health issues facing adolescents; provides information on the symptoms of depression; details the number of validated cases of neglect, sexual, and physical abuse in the state; and provides information about incarcerated youth. Chapter 6 contains information on homeless youth and discusses program eligibility. Chapter 7 summarizes results of the 1997 Louisiana Youth Risk Behavior Survey that examined the prevalence of health risk behaviors, including substance abuse, tobacco, gambling, and injuries; and provides information on HIV/AIDS, sexually transmitted diseases, and teen pregnancy. Chapter 8 covers a variety of infectious diseases facing teens, including hepatitis B, tuberculosis, and dental disease. Appended are figures relevant to each chapter and a comprehensive list of Web sites where additional information can be obtained. (KB) DA - 1999/06// PY - 1999 SP - 1 EP - 130 LA - English UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/reports/louisiana-adolescent-data-book/docview/62381400/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 62381400; ED441599 DB - ERIC L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&genre=report&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aeric&atitle=&title=Louisiana+Adolescent+Data+Book&issn=&date=1999-06-01&volume=&issue=&spage=1&au=&isbn=&jtitle=&btitle=Louisiana+Adolescent+Data+Book&rft_id=info:eric/ED441599&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Adolescents KW - Academic Achievement KW - Mental Health KW - Poverty KW - Child Abuse KW - Communicable Diseases KW - Well Being KW - Violence KW - Sexual Abuse KW - Health Promotion KW - Adolescent Development KW - Incidence KW - Child Neglect KW - Adolescent Behavior KW - Child Health KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Crime KW - Tables (Data) KW - Youth Problems KW - Depression (Psychology) KW - School Health Services KW - Foster Care KW - Comprehensive School Health Education KW - Homeless People KW - Louisiana KW - Program Descriptions KW - Risk Taking KW - State Programs KW - Unemployment ER - TY - RPRT TI - Kids Count in Nebraska: 2001 Report AU - Johnston, Janet M. AB - This Kids Count report examines statewide trends and county data on the well-being of Nebraska's children. Section 1 contains a commentary on promoting quality early childhood care and education services. Section 2, the bulk of this statistical report, presents finding on indicators of well-being in eight areas: (1) child abuse and neglect/domestic violence (investigated and substantiated cases, reporting, types of abuse, child abuse fatalities in 2000, domestic violence/sexual assault programs, how domestic violence affects children); (2) early childhood care and education (early childhood development programs, child care facilities and subsidies); (3) economic well-being (TANF, earned income tax credit, single parent families, divorce and child support); (4) education (high school graduates, school dropouts, expelled students, special education); (5) physical and behavioral health (birth, prenatal care, low birth weight, births to teens, out-of-wedlock births, immunizations, infant mortality, child deaths, access to health care, blood lead levels, mental health and substance abuse treatment, youth risk behavior survey); (6) juvenile justice (juvenile arrests, probation, youth rehabilitation and treatment centers, victims of rape, adult jail and parole for juveniles); (7) nutrition (food stamps, USDA nutrition programs); and (8) out-of-home care and adoption (out-of-home care, state foster care review board, children in out-of-home care, licensed and approved foster homes, multiple placements, race and ethnicity, adoption services). Section 3 presents county data notes. Section 4 presents specific county data in table form. Sections 5 through 7 present information concerning methodology, data sources, definitions, references, and Kids Count Team members. (SD) DA - 2001/// PY - 2001 SP - 1 EP - 52 LA - English PB - Voices for Children in Nebraska, 7521 Main Street, Suite 103, Omaha, NE 68127 ($10) UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/reports/kids-count-nebraska-2001-report/docview/62183904/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 62183904; ED466285 DB - ERIC L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&genre=report&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aeric&atitle=&title=Kids+Count+in+Nebraska%3A+2001+Report&issn=&date=2001-01-01&volume=&issue=&spage=1&au=Johnston%2C+Janet+M.&isbn=&jtitle=&btitle=Kids+Count+in+Nebraska%3A+2001+Report&rft_id=info:eric/ED466285&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Child Abuse KW - Demography KW - Well Being KW - Violence KW - Child Welfare KW - Nutrition KW - Prenatal Care KW - Child Mortality KW - Children KW - Child Neglect KW - Infant Mortality KW - Child Health KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Substance Abuse KW - Access to Health Care KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Birth Weight KW - Sexually Transmitted Diseases KW - Child Support KW - Dropout Rate KW - Tables (Data) KW - Trend Analysis KW - Youth Problems KW - State Surveys KW - Counties KW - Drug Use KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Early Parenthood KW - Economic Status KW - Family (Sociological Unit) KW - Family Violence KW - Foster Care KW - Indicators KW - Juvenile Justice KW - Nebraska KW - Out of Home Care KW - Social Indicators KW - Statistical Surveys KW - Welfare Services KW - Adoption KW - Birth Rate KW - Child Care KW - Divorce KW - Graduation Rate KW - High School Graduates KW - Lead Poisoning KW - Lunch Programs KW - Mental Health Programs KW - One Parent Family KW - Project Head Start KW - Risk Taking Behavior KW - Special Education KW - Vaccination ER - TY - RPRT TI - Kids Count Report in Nebraska, 2002 AU - Johnston, Janet M. AB - This Kids Count report examines statewide trend data on the well-being of Nebraska's children. Section 1 of the report presents U.S. Census data on population trends in Nebraska as well as child poverty rates, and urges Nebraskans to work together to ensure that its youngest citizens have the best start possible. Section 2, the bulk of this statistical report, presents findings on indicators of child well-being in eight areas: (1) child abuse and neglect/domestic violence (investigated and substantiated cases, reporting, types of abuse, child abuse fatalities in 2001, and domestic violence/sexual assault programs); (2) early childhood care and education (early childhood development programs, and child care facilities and subsidies); (3) economic well-being (TANF, earned income tax credit, single parent families, and divorce and child support); (4) education (high school graduates, school dropouts, expelled students, and special education; (5) physical and behavioral health (birth, prenatal care, infant mortality, low birthweight, births to teens, out-of-wedlock births, immunizations, child deaths, health care access, blood lead levels, mental health and substance abuse treatment, youth risk behavior survey); (6) juvenile justice (juvenile arrests, probation, youth rehabilitation and treatment centers, adult jail and parole for juveniles); (7) nutrition (food stamps, USDA nutrition programs); and (8) out-of-home care and adoption (state foster care review board, children in out-of-home care, licensed and approved foster homes, multiple placements, race and ethnicity, adoption services). Sections 3 and 4 present notes on county data and the specific data in table form. Sections 5 through 7 present information concerning methodology, data sources, definitions, references, and Kids Count Team members. (KB) DA - 2002/// PY - 2002 SP - 1 EP - 37 LA - English PB - Voices for Children in Nebraska, 7521 Main Street, Suite 103, Omaha, NE 68127 ($10) UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/reports/kids-count-report-nebraska-2002/docview/62198001/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 62198001; ED472550 DB - ERIC L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&genre=report&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aeric&atitle=&title=Kids+Count+Report+in+Nebraska%2C+2002&issn=&date=2002-01-01&volume=&issue=&spage=1&au=Johnston%2C+Janet+M.&isbn=&jtitle=&btitle=Kids+Count+Report+in+Nebraska%2C+2002&rft_id=info:eric/ED472550&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Poverty KW - Child Abuse KW - Demography KW - Well Being KW - Child Welfare KW - Nutrition KW - Prenatal Care KW - Child Mortality KW - Children KW - Child Neglect KW - Child Health KW - Access to Health Care KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Birth Weight KW - Child Support KW - Immunization Programs KW - Tables (Data) KW - Trend Analysis KW - Youth Problems KW - State Surveys KW - Counties KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Early Parenthood KW - Economic Status KW - Family Violence KW - Indicators KW - Juvenile Justice KW - Nebraska KW - Social Indicators KW - Statistical Surveys KW - Welfare Services KW - Program Descriptions KW - Birth Rate KW - Child Care KW - Graduation Rate KW - Lead Poisoning KW - Lunch Programs KW - Mental Health Programs KW - One Parent Family KW - Project Head Start KW - Risk Taking Behavior KW - Special Education KW - Educational Indicators KW - Family Literacy ER - TY - BOOK TI - The Girls Report: What We Know & Need To Know about Growing Up Female AU - Phillips, Lynn AB - This report reviews current statistics on the state of girls' lives in the United States at the end of the 20th century. Six chapters cover: (1) "Framing Gender, Identity, and Adolescence" (trends in research on adolescent girls, exploring identities, how girls are doing, and conditions that support or hinder girls' healthy sense of self); (2) "Health" (exercise and sports, body image and eating disorders, HIV/AIDS prevention, depression and related concerns, substance use, and access to health care); (3) "Sexuality" (portrayals of girls' sexual activity, pregnancy and reproductive decisions, and access to information and resources); (4) "Violence" (victimization, sexual and physical abuse, sexual harassment, and participation in violence and crime); (5) "Schooling" (representation of girls in educational research, girls' achievement, curricular issues and academic programs for girls, single sex versus mixed sex education, sexuality education, leaving school/college attendance/dropping out, and conditions that support girls' educational experiences); and (6) "Economic Realities" (economic conditions in families and impacts of welfare reform legislation). Two final sections present "What Do Adolescent Girls Need for Healthy Development?" and "Looking Ahead: Developing a New Research Agenda." (Contains 216 bibliographic references, notes, and nationwide member center descriptions.) (SM) DA - 1998/// PY - 1998 SP - 127 LA - English PB - National Council for Research on Women, 11 Hanover Square, 20th Floor, New York, NY 10005 ($20) SN - 1-880547-24-4 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/books/girls-report-what-we-know-amp-need-about-growing/docview/62298174/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 62298174; ED455349 DB - ERIC L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&genre=book&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aeric&atitle=&title=The+Girls+Report%3A+What+We+Know+%26amp%3B+Need+To+Know+about+Growing+Up+Female&issn=&date=1998-01-01&volume=&issue=&spage=1&au=Phillips%2C+Lynn&isbn=1880547244&jtitle=&btitle=The+Girls+Report%3A+What+We+Know+%26amp%3B+Need+To+Know+about+Growing+Up+Female&rft_id=info:eric/ED455349&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Teachers KW - Adolescents KW - Dropouts KW - Females KW - Academic Achievement KW - Higher Education KW - Sexuality KW - Health Behavior KW - Welfare Reform KW - Exercise KW - Violence KW - Sexual Abuse KW - Pregnancy KW - Eating Disorders KW - Self Concept KW - Adolescent Development KW - Children KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Substance Abuse KW - Access to Health Care KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Socioeconomic Influences KW - Depression (Psychology) KW - Sex Education KW - Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome KW - Body Image KW - College Attendance KW - Educational Research KW - Gender Issues KW - Policymakers KW - Practitioners KW - Self Esteem KW - Sexual Harassment KW - Single Sex Schools KW - Victims of Crime KW - Womens Education ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter, 1999 T2 - Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter A2 - Lipsitt, Lewis P. AB - These 12 monthly issues from 1999 explore problems encountered by children and adolescents. Regular features include "Keep Your Eye On...," brief accounts of research into childhood and adolescent problems; "What's New in Research," summarizing research from recent publications and professional conferences; "Commentary," editorials from professionals working with children and adolescents; "Announcements," events and conferences of interest; book reviews; and client handouts for use by practitioners. Major topics include: (1) pedophilia, character education, and asthma (January); (2) Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) drug treatment, public policy, Tourette Syndrome, and head trauma (February); (3) changes in family life between 1981 and 1997, adolescent male sex offenders, ADHD diagnosis, and premature infants' behavior and sensory problems (March); (4) boys' violent behavior, clonidine toxicity in children with ADHD, and childhood behavior disorders (April); (5) autism and childhood schizophrenia, and persistence of girls' antisocial behavior (May); (6) achievement and motivation in poor/minority children, autism and childhood schizophrenia, and solvent exposure risks in pregnancy (June); (7) anger, assertiveness training, maternal smoking and criminal behavior, and gang membership (July); (8) violence prevention programs, teen pregnancy and STD rates, firearms, and spanking (August); (9) cheating in school, school discipline, and child behavior checklists for assessment (September); (10) Girls Choir of Harlem to assist in transition to adulthood, and connections between industrial/organizational psychology and developmental psychology (October); (11) standardized checklists and contextual determinants of behavior, and infants' musical perception (November); and (12) sexual identity and homosexual adjustment issues in counseling, and early experience and brain development (December). (KB) DA - 1999/// PY - 1999 VL - 15 IS - 1-12 SP - 1 EP - 129 LA - English UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/other-sources/brown-university-child-adolescent-behavior-letter/docview/62380460/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 62380460; ED438030 DB - ERIC L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=unknown&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aeric&atitle=The+Brown+University+Child+and+Adolescent+Behavior+Letter%2C+1999&title=Brown+University+Child+and+Adolescent+Behavior+Letter&issn=08982562&date=1999-01-01&volume=15&issue=1-12&spage=1&au=&isbn=&jtitle=Brown+University+Child+and+Adolescent+Behavior+Letter&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/ED438030&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Evaluation KW - Adolescents KW - Delinquency KW - Academic Achievement KW - Student Motivation KW - Homosexuality KW - Prevention KW - Violence KW - Child Behavior KW - Autism KW - Schizophrenia KW - Child Development KW - Adolescent Development KW - Children KW - Adolescent Behavior KW - Behavior Problems KW - Child Psychology KW - Child Health KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Youth Problems KW - Anger KW - Antisocial Behavior KW - Assertiveness KW - Attention Deficit Disorders KW - Character Education KW - Cheating KW - Childhood Needs KW - Classroom Techniques KW - Developmental Psychology KW - Discipline KW - Family Life KW - Industrial Psychology KW - Infants KW - Newsletters KW - Premature Infants KW - Sexual Identity KW - Tourette Syndrome ER - TY - RPRT TI - Kids Count in Nebraska: 2000 Report AU - Johnston, Janet M. AB - This Kids Count report examines statewide trends and county data on the well-being of Nebraska's children. Section 1 contains a commentary on juvenile justice in Nebraska. Section 2, the bulk of this statistical report, presents findings on indicators of well-being in eight areas: (1) child abuse and neglect/domestic violence (investigated and substantiated cases, reporting, types of abuse, child abuse fatalities in 1999, domestic violence shelters, how domestic violence affects children); (2) early childhood care and education (early childhood development and programs, child care facilities and subsidies, research); (3) economic well-being (TANF, earned income tax credit, single parent families, divorce and child support); (4) education (high school graduates, school dropouts, expelled students, special education); (5) physical and behavioral health (births, prenatal care, low birth weight, births to teens, out-of-wedlock births, immunizations, infant mortality, child deaths, access to health care, blood lead levels, mental health and substance abuse treatment, regional centers, community-based services, youth risk behavior survey); (6) juvenile justice (juvenile arrests, probation, youth rehabilitation and treatment centers, victims of rape, adult jail and parole for juveniles); (7) nutrition (food stamps, USDA nutrition programs); and (8) out-of-home care and adoption (out-of-home care, state foster care review board, children in out-of-home care, licensed and approved foster homes, lack of foster care homes, multiple placements, race and ethnicity, adoption services). Section 3 presents county data notes. Section 4 presents specific county data in table form. Sections 5 through 7 present information concerning methodology, data sources, definitions, references, and Kids Count Team members. (SD) DA - 2000/// PY - 2000 SP - 1 EP - 41 LA - English PB - Voices for Children in Nebraska, 7521 Main Street, Suite 103, Omaha, NE 68127 ($10) UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/reports/kids-count-nebraska-2000-report/docview/62180008/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 62180008; ED466284 DB - ERIC L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&genre=report&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aeric&atitle=&title=Kids+Count+in+Nebraska%3A+2000+Report&issn=&date=2000-01-01&volume=&issue=&spage=1&au=Johnston%2C+Janet+M.&isbn=&jtitle=&btitle=Kids+Count+in+Nebraska%3A+2000+Report&rft_id=info:eric/ED466284&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Child Abuse KW - Demography KW - Well Being KW - Violence KW - Child Welfare KW - Nutrition KW - Prenatal Care KW - Children KW - Child Neglect KW - Infant Mortality KW - Child Health KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Substance Abuse KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Birth Weight KW - Child Support KW - Dropout Rate KW - Tables (Data) KW - Trend Analysis KW - Youth Problems KW - State Surveys KW - Counties KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Early Parenthood KW - Economic Status KW - Family (Sociological Unit) KW - Family Violence KW - Foster Care KW - Juvenile Justice KW - Nebraska KW - Social Indicators KW - Statistical Surveys KW - Welfare Services KW - Adoption KW - Birth Rate KW - Child Care KW - Divorce KW - Graduation Rate KW - High School Graduates KW - Lead Poisoning KW - Lunch Programs KW - Mental Health Programs KW - One Parent Family KW - Special Education ER - TY - JOUR TI - For Baby’s Sake: Intervention Development and Evaluation Design of a Whole-Family Perinatal Intervention to Break the Cycle of Domestic Abuse AU - Domoney, Jill AU - Fulton, Elaine AU - Stanley, Nicky AU - McIntyre, Amanda AU - Heslin, Margaret AU - Byford, Sarah AU - Bick, Debra AU - Ramchandani, Paul AU - MacMillan, Harriet AU - Howard, Louise M AU - Trevillion, Kylee T2 - Journal of Family Violence AB - For Baby’s Sake is an innovative whole-family intervention that works with parents from pregnancy to two years postpartum to break cycles of domestic abuse and improve outcomes for children. The programme launched in 2015 across two community settings in England, with an independent evaluation led by King’s College London. This paper aims to (1) summarise the process of developing For Baby’s Sake and how it has been embedded within two different settings and (2) describe the evaluation design using early data to illustrate successes and challenges. The programme was developed following a review of the evidence and extensive stakeholder engagement. Three experts co-designed the content in partnership with the Stefanou Foundation and the programme delivery teams have been integrated into two local authorities. The evaluation uses mixed methods to assess abuse victimisation/perpetration, mental health, parenting and child outcomes, alongside service user experiences of early engagement. Forty individuals (27 women and 13 men) have been recruited to the evaluation. Early findings suggest that parents value the novel approach of For Baby’s Sake and their relationships with practitioners. Data on parents’ mental health and childhood adversities supports the decision to create a trauma-informed intervention. Interventions for domestic abuse are necessary to improve health and behaviour outcomes for families and prevent intergenerational transmission of abuse and developmental trauma. For Baby’s Sake addresses limitations of existing interventions, through its trauma-informed, attachment-based, whole-family approach. Early data from the evaluation suggests that the programme is reaching its intended audience and that service users appreciate the supportive approach. DA - 2019/08// PY - 2019 DO - 10.1007/s10896-019-00037-3 VL - 34 IS - 6 SP - 539 EP - 551 LA - English SN - 08857482 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/i-baby-s-sake-intervention-development-evaluation/docview/2171091086/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 2171091086 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=For+Baby%26rsquo%3Bs+Sake%3A+Intervention+Development+and+Evaluation+Design+of+a+Whole-Family+Perinatal+Intervention+to+Break+the+Cycle+of+Domestic+Abuse&title=Journal+of+Family+Violence&issn=08857482&date=2019-08-01&volume=34&issue=6&spage=539&au=Domoney%2C+Jill%3BFulton%2C+Elaine%3BStanley%2C+Nicky%3BMcIntyre%2C+Amanda%3BHeslin%2C+Margaret%3BByford%2C+Sarah%3BBick%2C+Debra%3BRamchandani%2C+Paul%3BMacMillan%2C+Harriet%3BHoward%2C+Louise+M%3BTrevillion%2C+Kylee&isbn=&jtitle=Journal+of+Family+Violence&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs10896-019-00037-3 KW - Evaluation KW - Criminology And Law Enforcement KW - Intervention KW - Health status KW - Pregnancy KW - Childhood KW - Trauma KW - Mental health KW - Domestic violence KW - Children KW - Abuse KW - Victimization KW - Infants KW - Approaches KW - Attachment KW - Child abuse KW - Child care services KW - Childrearing practices KW - Domestic abuse KW - Early intervention KW - Experts KW - Health behavior KW - Health problems KW - Health services KW - Intergenerational relations KW - Intergenerational transmission KW - Local authorities KW - Parents & parenting KW - Perinatal care KW - Postpartum women KW - Psychological treatment KW - Teams ER - TY - JOUR TI - Pregnancy as an Opportunity for Trauma-Intervention Among Women Who Are Addicted to Substances AU - Puurunen, Kristy AU - Vis, Jo-Ann T2 - Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma AB - Victims of violence come from various backgrounds; however, the intersection of gender combined with poverty, belonging to a racial minority, [dis]ability, and youth, put women at greater risk for experiencing violence and trauma. Many of these features are also high-risk markers for women who experience addictions to substances. Considering the risk factors and prevalence of violence and addictions experienced by young women, it is important to consider the comorbidity of complex trauma and substance use disorder and their combined effects on women's reproductive health. The experience of pregnancy, combined with the experience of past trauma and addictions, presents a complex and compelling situation in which women struggle to balance their intentions to maintain a healthy pregnancy, with the drive to use substances as a way to cope with unresolved past traumatic experiences. By reviewing the literature regarding addictions, pregnancy, and complex trauma, this article aims to demonstrate that pregnancy presents a unique opportunity for trauma intervention among addicted women, and to establish how a missed opportunity for trauma-focused intervention can contribute to intergenerational trauma, creating a cycle of harm for women and their children. DA - 2019/03// PY - 2019 DO - 10.1080/10926771.2017.1332703 VL - 28 IS - 3 SP - 281 EP - 296 LA - English SN - 10926771 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/pregnancy-as-opportunity-trauma-intervention/docview/2190066670/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 2190066670 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Pregnancy+as+an+Opportunity+for+Trauma-Intervention+Among+Women+Who+Are+Addicted+to+Substances&title=Journal+of+Aggression%2C+Maltreatment+%26+Trauma&issn=10926771&date=2019-03-01&volume=28&issue=3&spage=281&au=Puurunen%2C+Kristy%3BVis%2C+Jo-Ann&isbn=&jtitle=Journal+of+Aggression%2C+Maltreatment+%26+Trauma&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10926771.2017.1332703 KW - Psychology KW - Intervention KW - Women KW - Poverty KW - women KW - Violence KW - Pregnancy KW - Trauma KW - pregnancy KW - Comorbidity KW - Risk factors KW - Reproductive health KW - Addictions KW - anti-oppressive social work KW - complex trauma KW - Minority groups KW - Substance abuse KW - Victims KW - Youth ER - TY - JOUR TI - Perinatal promotive and protective factors for women with histories of childhood abuse and neglect AU - Atzl, Victoria M AU - Grande, Leah A AU - Davis, Elysia Poggi AU - Narayan, Angela J T2 - Child Abuse & Neglect AB - Background Integrative research summarizing promotive and protective factors that reduce the effects of childhood abuse and neglect on pregnant women and their babies’ healthy functioning is needed. Objective This narrative systematic review synthesized the quantitative literature on protective and promotive factors that support maternal mental health and maternal-infant bonding among women exposed to childhood adversity, including childhood abuse and neglect. Methods Using a comprehensive list of key terms related to the perinatal period, childhood adversity, and protective/promotive factors, 8423 non-duplicated articles were identified through database searches in PsychInfo and Web of Science, and references in retrieved articles. Thirty-seven full text articles were inspected; of those 18 were included. Results Protective and promotive factors fell into three categories: a) women’s internal capacities (e.g., self-esteem, coping ability), b) external early resources (e.g., positive childhood experiences) and c) external contemporaneous resources (e.g., social support). Although all three categories were associated with more resilient outcomes, external contemporaneous factors, and specifically, social support, were the most commonly-studied protective and/or promotive factor. Social support from family and romantic partners during the perinatal period was particularly protective for women with histories of childhood abuse and neglect and was examined across several dimensions of support and contexts. Conclusions The presence of women’s internal capacities, and external early and contemporaneous resources help to foster more positive outcomes during the perinatal period for women with histories of childhood adversity. Future research should study co-occurring multilevel promotive and protective factors to inform how they integratively deter the intergenerational transmission of risk. DA - 2019/05// PY - 2019 DO - 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.02.008 VL - 91 SP - 63 LA - English SN - 01452134 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/perinatal-promotive-protective-factors-women-with/docview/2218958840/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 2218958840 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Perinatal+promotive+and+protective+factors+for+women+with+histories+of+childhood+abuse+and+neglect&title=Child+Abuse+%26+Neglect&issn=01452134&date=2019-05-01&volume=91&issue=&spage=63&au=Atzl%2C+Victoria+M%3BGrande%2C+Leah+A%3BDavis%2C+Elysia+Poggi%3BNarayan%2C+Angela+J&isbn=&jtitle=Child+Abuse+%26+Neglect&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chiabu.2019.02.008 KW - Criminology And Law Enforcement KW - Women KW - Health status KW - Social support KW - Pregnancy KW - Systematic review KW - Mental health KW - Comorbidity KW - Abuse KW - Mothers KW - Pregnant women KW - Childhood abuse KW - Infants KW - Child abuse KW - Intergenerational relations KW - Intergenerational transmission KW - Adversity KW - Bonding KW - Child abuse & neglect KW - Childhood experiences KW - Childhood factors KW - Classification KW - Coping KW - Databases KW - Literature reviews KW - Maternal characteristics KW - Mother-infant relations KW - Perinatal factors KW - Perinatal period KW - Protective factors KW - Romantic relationships KW - Self esteem ER - TY - JOUR TI - Adverse Childhood Experiences and Healthcare Costs in Adult Life AU - Loxton, Deborah AU - Townsend, Natalie AU - Dolja-Gore, Xenia AU - Forder, Peta AU - Coles, Jan T2 - Journal of Child Sexual Abuse AB - The current study aims to present the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences and examine the healthcare costs associated with primary, allied, and specialist healthcare services. The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health is a general health survey of four nationally representative age cohorts. The current study uses 20 years of survey and administrative data (1996-2015) from the cohort born 1973-1978. Overall, 41% of women indicated at least one category of childhood adversity. The most commonly reported type of childhood adversity was having a household member with a mental illness (16%), with the most commonly reported ACES category being psychological abuse (17%). Women who had experienced adversity in childhood had higher healthcare costs than women who had not experienced adversity. The healthcare costs associated with experiences of adversity in childhood fully justify a comprehensive policy and practice review. DA - 2019/07// PY - 2019 DO - 10.1080/10538712.2018.1523814 VL - 28 IS - 5 SP - 511 EP - 525 LA - English SN - 10538712 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/adverse-childhood-experiences-healthcare-costs/docview/2259956657/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 2259956657 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Adverse+Childhood+Experiences+and+Healthcare+Costs+in+Adult+Life&title=Journal+of+Child+Sexual+Abuse&issn=10538712&date=2019-07-01&volume=28&issue=5&spage=511&au=Loxton%2C+Deborah%3BTownsend%2C+Natalie%3BDolja-Gore%2C+Xenia%3BForder%2C+Peta%3BColes%2C+Jan&isbn=&jtitle=Journal+of+Child+Sexual+Abuse&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10538712.2018.1523814 KW - Women KW - sexual abuse KW - intimate partner violence KW - Intimate partner violence KW - Childhood abuse KW - sexual assault KW - child neglect KW - Child abuse KW - Health services KW - Adversity KW - Childhood experiences KW - Childhood factors KW - Classification KW - Age groups KW - Children And Youth - About KW - Costs KW - Emotional abuse KW - family dysfunction KW - Health care expenditures KW - health service use KW - Health surveys KW - Mental disorders KW - Psychological abuse KW - Womens health KW - Womens health care ER - TY - JOUR TI - Forensic Nursing Examination to Screen for Traumatic Brain Injury following Intimate Partner Violence AU - Ralston, Bridget AU - Rable, Jill AU - Larson, Todd AU - Hirsch Handmaker AU - Lifshitz, Jonathan T2 - Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma AB - Intimate partner violence (IPV) causes harm to an estimated 42 million victims each year. Routine forensic examination excludes specific evaluation of traumatic brain injury (TBI), thereby missing an opportunity to diagnose and offer treatment. This quality assurance/quality improvement project was designed to determine whether TBI signs and symptoms are detected in IPV patients using existing forensic nurse examination protocols. TBI signs and symptoms were cataloged from medical records to infer the incidence of TBI and inform an expansion of the nursing exam. Retrospective review of 19 cases collected over 31 days in June and July 2017 identified a predominance of young (average age 32.3), female (89.5%) patients with obstetric history (76.5% with one or more pregnancy), presenting with symptoms including lightheadedness/dizziness (84.2%), headache (78.9%), difficulty breathing (78.9%), and throat pain (68.4%). Subjective mechanism of injury included strangulation (100%), blow to the head with the perpetrator’s hand (52.6%), and fall to the ground (36.8%). TBI was not diagnosed during the exam, but recorded signs and symptoms indicated patterns consistent with brain injury. As a result of these findings, our team proposes an expansion of the exam to include near point of convergence, balance, and hand-eye coordination testing to ensure detection of TBI signs in IPV victims. By detecting TBI signs early, community efforts can guide patients towards recovery, appropriate treatment options and successful return to society. DA - 2019/07// PY - 2019 DO - 10.1080/10926771.2019.1637988 VL - 28 IS - 6 SP - 732 EP - 743 LA - English SN - 10926771 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/forensic-nursing-examination-screen-traumatic/docview/2266231935/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 2266231935 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Forensic+Nursing+Examination+to+Screen+for+Traumatic+Brain+Injury+following+Intimate+Partner+Violence&title=Journal+of+Aggression%2C+Maltreatment+%26+Trauma&issn=10926771&date=2019-07-01&volume=28&issue=6&spage=732&au=Ralston%2C+Bridget%3BRable%2C+Jill%3BLarson%2C+Todd%3BHirsch+Handmaker%3BLifshitz%2C+Jonathan&isbn=&jtitle=Journal+of+Aggression%2C+Maltreatment+%26+Trauma&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F10926771.2019.1637988 KW - Psychology KW - Pregnancy KW - intervention KW - Symptoms KW - Trauma KW - intimate partner violence KW - trauma KW - Intimate partner violence KW - Domestic violence KW - victim KW - physical abuse KW - Medicine KW - Injuries KW - Victims KW - assessment/evaluation KW - Brain KW - Community violence KW - family/domestic violence KW - Intimacy KW - Nurses KW - Patients KW - Traumatic brain injury KW - Treatment methods ER - TY - JOUR TI - Methamphetamine abuse during pregnancy and the risk of foster care placement in Thailand AU - Manaboriboon, Boonying AU - In-iw, Supinya AU - Sutcharipongsa, Sureelak AU - Sanpawitayakul, Gornmigar AU - Kumpa, Sujitra AU - Somchit, Chiraporn AU - Chomchai, Chulathida T2 - Children and Youth Services Review AB - Purpose: This study aimed to examine characteristic and outcome of mothers and babies focusing on the teen-mothers and their existing risk-behaviors, also to evaluate factors associated with subsequent foster care placements of their infants. Method: Data of all pregnant women, categorized as teens and non-teens, with history of methamphetamine abuse giving birth at Siriraj Hospital between August2003 and December2011 were reviewed. Maternal demographic, characteristic of substance uses and neonatal outcome were collected. Chi-square, Fisher exact, Mann-whiney U test, and logistic regression were used to analyze where appropriate. The protocol was approved by Siriraj Hospital IRB. Results: Overall 235 pregnant women, both groups' characteristics were similar except number of life-time partners, contraception-use, smoking history and sexual risk behaviors (p < .05). Majority of pregnancies (96.2%) were unplanned with 78.3% no antenatal care. 76.2% had positive methamphetamine-screen urine at delivery. During follow-up, 58.3% remained using methamphetamine. 75.3% of babies were born at term and 70.2% had positive meth-urine at birth. Significant predictors for the need of foster care placements were history of using methamphetamine while pregnant (OR 5.931; 95% CI 3.060–11.496, p ≤ .05), positive meth-screen urine at delivery (OR 3.471; 95% CI 1.635–7.367, p ≤ .05), positive meth-screen urine of babies after birth (OR 5.021; 95%CI 2.456–10.268, p ≤ .05), and using methamphetamine during the home visit period (OR 9.073, 95%CI 3.843–21.419, p < .05) Conclusion: Characteristics and psychosocial outcome of methamphetamine abuse between teen and non-teen mothers were similar. History of methamphetamine use during pregnancy, positive meth-screen urine of mother and babies after birth were the noteworthy predictors to place the babies to foster parents. DA - 2020/06// PY - 2020 DO - 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104941 VL - 113 SP - 1 LA - English SN - 0190-7409 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/methamphetamine-abuse-during-pregnancy-risk/docview/2444684219/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 2444684219 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Methamphetamine+abuse+during+pregnancy+and+the+risk+of+foster+care+placement+in+Thailand&title=Children+and+Youth+Services+Review&issn=01907409&date=2020-06-01&volume=113&issue=&spage=1&au=Manaboriboon%2C+Boonying%3BIn-iw%2C+Supinya%3BSutcharipongsa%2C+Sureelak%3BSanpawitayakul%2C+Gornmigar%3BKumpa%2C+Sujitra%3BSomchit%2C+Chiraporn%3BChomchai%2C+Chulathida&isbn=&jtitle=Children+and+Youth+Services+Review&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.childyouth.2020.104941 KW - Adolescents KW - Sexual behavior KW - Pregnancy KW - History KW - Methamphetamine KW - Smoking KW - Mothers KW - Pregnant women KW - Contraception KW - Infants KW - Substance abuse KW - Adolescent mothers KW - Antenatal care KW - Birth control KW - Characteristics KW - Childbirth & labor KW - Demographic aspects KW - Drug abuse KW - Foster care KW - Foster carers KW - Placement KW - Placements KW - Pregnant adolescent girls KW - Psychosocial factors KW - Risk behavior KW - Social Services And Welfare KW - Unplanned KW - Urine ER - TY - JOUR TI - The unique needs of pregnant, violence-exposed women: A systematic review of current interventions and directions for translational research AU - Howell K AU - Miller-Graff L AU - Hasselle A AU - Scrafford K T2 - Aggression and Violent Behavior AB - Intimate partner violence (IPV) is, unfortunately, a common lifetime experience for women, with heightened risk of exposure during pregnancy. IPV exposure in pregnancy is associated with serious physical and mental health problems in the perinatal period, as well as detrimental effects on the health and well-being of the developing infant. The objectives of the current review are to: (1) present representative literature on the effects of IPV in pregnancy, (2) conduct a systematic review of existing interventions for IPV-exposed pregnant women and (3) provide recommendations for future translational research in this area. The review indicated that despite the broad range of negative effects associated with IPV exposure during pregnancy, interventions are scarce and largely limited to crisis intervention approaches. Available interventions seeking to address broader or intergenerational effects of violence are limited in scope, and effectiveness data are preliminary in nature. As such, there is a great need for theory-based interventions that address women's complex needs, including specific developmental necessities of both the pregnant woman and her child (e.g., breastfeeding, early parenting, infant care). Incorporating these elements within a strengths-based paradigm may also decrease stigma related to IPV and facilitate empowerment and self-efficacy for this at-risk group. DA - 2017/01/01/ PY - 2017 VL - 34 SP - 128 EP - 138 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2017.01.021 KW - Community KW - Risk Factors KW - Mental Health KW - Female KW - Intimate Partner Violence KW - partner violence KW - Pregnancy KW - social support KW - Treatment KW - psychotherapy KW - systematic review KW - Mental health KW - review KW - Domestic violence KW - postnatal depression KW - Perinatal KW - human KW - physical violence KW - pregnant woman KW - priority journal KW - prenatal care KW - child parent relation KW - breast feeding KW - exposure to violence KW - health care need KW - child development KW - fetus development KW - gestation period KW - infant care KW - mental health care KW - stress management KW - translational research KW - vocational guidance KW - Education / Awareness & Skill Development / Training KW - Health Care Setting KW - Home KW - Injury Prevention/Safety KW - Reproductive Health & Healthy Families KW - Social Marketing / Mass Media KW - Social Support (e.g., counseling, case management, outreach programs) ER - TY - JOUR TI - Evaluating the effectiveness of sexual and reproductive health services during humanitarian crises: A systematic review AU - Singh NS AU - Smith J AU - Aryasinghe S AU - Khosla R AU - Say L AU - Blanchet K T2 - PloS One AB - BACKGROUND: An estimated 32 million women and girls of reproductive age living in emergency situations, all of whom require sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information and services. This systematic review assessed the effect of SRH interventions, including the Minimum Initial Service Package (MISP) on a range of health outcomes from the onset of emergencies.METHODS AND FINDINGS: We searched EMBASE, Global Health, MEDLINE and PsychINFO databases from January 1, 1980 to April 10, 2017. This review was registered with the PROSPERO database with identifier number CRD42017082102. We found 29 studies meet the inclusion criteria. We found high quality evidence to support the effectiveness of specific SRH interventions, such as home visits and peer-led educational and counselling, training of lower-level health care providers, community health workers (CHWs) to promote SRH services, a three-tiered network of health workers providing reproductive and maternal health services, integration of HIV and SRH services, and men's discussion groups for reducing intimate partner violence. We found moderate quality evidence to support transport-based referral systems, community-based SRH education, CHW delivery of injectable contraceptives, wider literacy programmes, and birth preparedness interventions. No studies reported interventions related to fistulae, and only one study focused on abortion services.CONCLUSIONS: Despite increased attention to SRH in humanitarian crises, the sector has made little progress in advancing the evidence base for the effectiveness of SRH interventions, including the MISP, in crisis settings. A greater quantity and quality of more timely research is needed to ascertain the effectiveness of delivering SRH interventions in a variety of humanitarian crises. DA - 2018/01/01/ PY - 2018 VL - 13 IS - 7 SP - e0199300 UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6035047/ KW - Community KW - Education / Awareness & Skill Development / Training KW - Social Support (e.g., counseling, case management, outreach programs) KW - Adults (20-59 years) KW - City / Regional / Provincial / State / National KW - Environmental / Public Health Inspection (e.g., enforcement of legislation, environmental risk assessment) KW - LMIC (low-to-middle-income countries) KW - Rural/remote KW - Sexual Health (e.g., pregnancy prevention, family planning, sexual behaviour) ER - TY - JOUR TI - Preventing domestic abuse for children and young people: A review of school-based interventions AU - Stanley N AU - Ellis J AU - Farrelly N AU - Hollinghurst S AU - Downe S T2 - Children and Youth Services Review AB - Schools provide the setting in which interventions aimed at preventing intimate partner violence and abuse (IPVA) are delivered to young people in the general population and a range of programmes have been designed and evaluated. To date, most rigorous studies have been undertaken in North America and the extent to which programmes are transferable to other settings and cultures is uncertain. This paper reports on a mixed methods review, aimed at informing UK practise and policy, which included a systematic review of the international literature, a review of the UK grey literature and consultation with young people as well as experts to address the question of what works for whom in what circumstances. The context in which an intervention was delivered was found to be crucial. Context included: the wider policy setting; the national or regional level, where the local culture shaped understandings of IPVA, and the readiness of an individual school. The programmes included in the systematic review provided stronger evidence for changing knowledge and attitudes than for behavioural change and those young people who were at higher risk at baseline may have exerted a strong influence on study outcomes. Shifting social norms in the peer group emerged as a key mechanism of change and the young people consulted emphasised the importance of authenticity which could be achieved through the use of drama and which required those delivering programmes to have relevant expertise. While the consultation identified increasing interest in targeting interventions on boys, there was an identified lack of materials designed for minority groups of young people, especially Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender young people. Increased responsivity to the local context can be achieved by involving those who will deliver and receive these preventive programmes in their development. Schools need to be better prepared and supported in the task of delivering these interventions and this is particularly relevant for the management of disclosures of IPVA. Outcomes measured by evaluations should include those relevant to education. DA - 2015/01/01/ PY - 2015 VL - 59 SP - 120 EP - 131 KW - Education / Awareness & Skill Development / Training KW - Injury Prevention/Safety KW - Social Support (e.g., counseling, case management, outreach programs) KW - City / Regional / Provincial / State / National KW - Adolescents (13-19 years) KW - Grade school aged (5-12 years) KW - School KW - Youth Health ER - TY - JOUR TI - Screening women for intimate partner violence: A systematic review to update the U.S preventive services task force recommendation AU - Nelson, H.D. AU - Bougatsos, C. AU - Blazina, I. T2 - Annals of Internal Medicine AB - *BACKGROUND:* In 2004, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force determined that evidence was insufficient to support screening women for intimate partner violence (IPV). *PURPOSE*: To review new evidence on the effectiveness of screening and interventions for women in health care settings in reducing IPV and related health outcomes, the diagnostic accuracy of screening instruments, and adverse effects of screening and interventions. *DATA SOURCES:* MEDLINE and PsycINFO (January 2002 to January 2012), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (through fourth quarter 2011), Scopus, and reference lists. *STUDY SELECTION:* English-language trials of the effectiveness of screening and interventions, diagnostic accuracy studies of screening instruments, and studies of any design about adverse effects. *DATA EXTRACTION:* Investigators extracted data about study populations, designs, and outcomes and rated study quality by using established criteria. *DATA SYNTHESIS:* A large fair-quality trial of screening versus usual care indicated reduced IPV and improved health outcomes for both groups, but no statistically significant differences between groups. Fifteen fair- and good-quality studies evaluated 13 screening instruments, and six instruments were highly accurate. Four fair- and good-quality trials of counseling reported reduced IPV and improved birth outcomes for pregnant women, reduced IPV for new mothers, and reduced pregnancy coercion and unsafe relationships for women in family-planning clinics. Fourteen studies indicated minimal adverse effects with screening, but some women experienced discomfort, loss of privacy, emotional distress, and concerns about further abuse. *LIMITATION:* Trials were limited by heterogeneity, lack of true control groups, high loss to follow-up, self-reported measures, and lack of accepted reference standards. *CONCLUSION:* Screening instruments accurately identify women experiencing IPV. Screening women for IPV can provide benefits that vary by population, while potential adverse effects have minimal effect on most women. DA - 2012/06/05/ PY - 2012 VL - 156 IS - 11 SP - 796 EP - 808 UR - http://annals.org/article.aspx?volume=156&page=796 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-156-11-201206050-00447 KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Female KW - health KW - partner violence KW - sexual abuse KW - violence KW - health care KW - Evidence-Based Medicine KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic KW - *Sexual Partners KW - *Domestic Violence/prevention & control KW - *Mass Screening KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - abuse KW - Screening KW - human KW - outcome assessment KW - priority journal KW - screening KW - screening test KW - mother KW - emotional stress KW - accuracy KW - sensitivity and specificity KW - Home KW - Injury Prevention/Safety KW - Social Support (e.g., counseling, case management, outreach programs) KW - Adult's Health (men's health, women's health) KW - Behaviour Modification (e.g., provision of item/tool, incentives, goal setting) KW - Clinic KW - Hospital KW - Primary health care provider office (e.g., Public health nurse, dietitian, social worker) ER - TY - JOUR TI - A review of family interventions for intimate partner violence with a child focus or child component AU - Rizo, C.F. AU - Macy, R.J. AU - Ermentrout, D.M. AU - Johns, N.B. T2 - Aggression and Violent Behavior AB - Given the mounting support for the connection between IPV exposure and negative sequelae for children, the development and empirical testing of interventions for IPV-exposed children has been deemed a critical priority. However, it is difficult for researchers to build a body of research concerned with interventions for IPV-exposed children without a critical summary and analysis of existing research. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a comprehensive literature review and a critical analysis of the literature concerned with interventions that either directly or indirectly target IPV-exposed children. Our search identified 31 articles for review, and detailed summaries of all articles are provided, including the program focus, study design, sample information, and key study findings, as well as study strengths and limitations. Our analysis determined four categories of interventions in this literature review: counseling/therapy, crisis/outreach, parenting, and multicomponent intervention programs. Our findings also show that researchers have mainly tried to address needs of IPV-exposed children by offering services to children directly, and/or to caregivers who are mothers. We discuss summaries of the intervention program's foci and service strategies. In addition, we offer recommendations for future intervention research. DA - 2011/03/01/ PY - 2011 VL - 16 IS - 2 SP - 144 EP - 166 KW - Community KW - Family KW - Home KW - Injury Prevention/Safety KW - Social Support (e.g., counseling, case management, outreach programs) ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effectiveness of home visiting in reducing partner violence for families experiencing abuse: A systematic review AU - Prosman G. AU - Wong S.H. AU - Van Der Wouden J.C. AU - Lagro-Janssen A.L. T2 - Family Practice AB - BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is a major, global societal problem with enormous health consequences both for mother and child. Home visiting interventions in families at risk of abuse seem promising in decreasing IPV. In this systematic review, we aim to assess the effectiveness of home visiting in reducing IPV experienced by mothers. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review using the Pubmed, PsychINFO and Embase databases from inception until March 2014, with a specific search strategy for each database. RESULTS: Of the 1258 articles identified, 19 (six different home visiting studies) met our inclusion criteria and were examined in detail. Three different types of studies were identified: the primary focus of one study was on the abused mother and the secondary focus on the children (Australia); two studies (Hawaii, The Netherlands) with a primarily focus on reduction of child abuse and a secondary focus on IPV and finally three studies from the USA, which only aimed at reducing child abuse by providing support to the mother. The Australian study reported a significant lowering of the IPV score at 1-year follow-up (15.9 versus 21.8, adjusted difference -8.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -16.2 to -1.15). The Hawaii-study showed significantly lower rates of physical assault after 3 years follow-up (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.85; 95% CI: 0.71-1.00) and the Dutch study showed a significant decrease of mothers' physical assaults 2 years after birth (odds ratio 0.46; 95% CI 0.24-0.89). The other three studies showed no significant reduction of IPV. CONCLUSIONS: Home visiting interventions that support abused women explicit to stop IPV seem to be effective in reducing IPV. However, it is not known whether these results are effective in the long term. DA - 2015/01/01/ PY - 2015 VL - 32 IS - 3 SP - 247 EP - 256 UR - http://fampra.oxfordjournals.org/content/32/3/247.long KW - Family KW - Home KW - Injury Prevention/Safety KW - Social Support (e.g., counseling, case management, outreach programs) KW - Surveillance ER - TY - JOUR TI - Intimate partner violence and pregnancy: a systematic review of interventions AU - Van Parys A.S. AU - Verhamme A. AU - Temmerman M. AU - Verstraelen H. T2 - PLoS One AB - BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) around the time of pregnancy is a widespread global health problem with many negative consequences. Nevertheless, a lot remains unclear about which interventions are effective and might be adopted in the perinatal care context.OBJECTIVE: The objective is to provide a clear overview of the existing evidence on effectiveness of interventions for IPV around the time of pregnancy.METHODS: Following databases PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched and expanded by hand search. The search was limited to English peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials published from 2000 to 2013. This review includes all types of interventions aiming to reduce IPV around the time of pregnancy as a primary outcome, and as secondary outcomes to enhance physical and/or mental health, quality of life, safety behavior, help seeking behavior, and/or social support.RESULTS: We found few randomized controlled trials evaluating interventions for IPV around the time of pregnancy. Moreover, the nine studies identified did not produce strong evidence that certain interventions are effective. Nonetheless, home visitation programs and some multifaceted counseling interventions did produce promising results. Five studies reported a statistically significant decrease in physical, sexual and/or psychological partner violence (odds ratios from 0.47 to 0.92). Limited evidence was found for improved mental health, less postnatal depression, improved quality of life, fewer subsequent miscarriages, and less low birth weight/prematurity. None of the studies reported any evidence of a negative or harmful effect of the interventions.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Strong evidence of effective interventions for IPV during the perinatal period is lacking, but some interventions show promising results. Additional large-scale, high-quality research is essential to provide further evidence about the effect of certain interventions and clarify which interventions should be adopted in the perinatal care context. DA - 2014/01/01/ PY - 2014 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - e85084 L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0085084 KW - Quality of Life KW - Intervention KW - Humans KW - Sexual Partners KW - Female KW - quality of life KW - Intimate Partner Violence KW - partner violence KW - sexual abuse KW - Family KW - Pregnancy KW - social support KW - Counseling KW - Treatment Effectiveness Evaluation KW - mental health KW - *Perinatal Care KW - *Pregnant Women KW - *Quality of Life KW - *Sexual Partners KW - Spouse Abuse/prevention & control/psychology/*therapy KW - systematic review KW - intimate partner violence KW - Spouse Abuse KW - pregnancy KW - review KW - Perinatal Care KW - Evidence Based Practice KW - Pregnant Women KW - postnatal depression KW - interventions KW - treatment effectiveness evaluation KW - human KW - randomized controlled trial (topic) KW - prematurity KW - low birth weight KW - spontaneous abortion KW - physical abuse KW - counseling KW - health program KW - help seeking behavior KW - home visitation program KW - Health Care Setting KW - Home KW - Injury Prevention/Safety KW - Reproductive Health & Healthy Families KW - Social Support (e.g., counseling, case management, outreach programs) KW - Primary health care provider office (e.g., Public health nurse, dietitian, social worker) ER - TY - BOOK TI - Maternal Attachment and Mothering Disorders. Pediatric Round Table: 1. Second Edition AU - And Others A2 - Klaus, Marshall H. AB - The process by which parents become attached to their infants was the focus of a roundtable discussion. Participating were students of the attachment process in various animal species, as well as clinicians and researchers, from various disciplines, engaged in studying the development of attachment in parents of normal infants, parents of premature or sick infants, and parents of battered or failure-to-thrive infants. The discussion is reported in three parts. First examined are disorders of attachment, featuring problems of failure-to-thrive and child abuse/neglect as they affect infants and their parents; attention is given to disruptive mechanisms resulting in abnormalities. Delineated in the second part are aspects of the process of attachment; parallels in behavior patterns of humans and animals are reviewed, and parent/child interaction as a developmental force is discussed. The role of the father is additionally described, with emphasis given to the ways the father can play a very useful part by interacting with infant and mother. Stressing various parent-visiting practices prevalent in intensive care nurseries in the United States, the discussion in the third part explores problems of attachment. It is emphasized that mothers of premature infants should be permitted to have early physical contact with their infants in order to establish early mother/infant bonding. (RH) DA - 1982/// PY - 1982 SP - 90 LA - English PB - Johnson & Johnson Baby Products Company, Professional Relations Department, Grandview Road, Skillman, NJ 08558 (Paper, $6.00, plus $1.00 shipping. Entire set of 9 booklets, $45.00, plus $3.00 shipping) SN - 0-931562-04-X UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/books/maternal-attachment-mothering-disorders-pediatric/docview/63401960/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 63401960; ED233781 DB - ERIC L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&genre=proceeding&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aeric&atitle=&title=Maternal+Attachment+and+Mothering+Disorders.+Pediatric+Round+Table%3A+1.+Second+Edition&issn=&date=1982-01-01&volume=&issue=&spage=1&au=And+Others&isbn=093156204X&jtitle=&btitle=Maternal+Attachment+and+Mothering+Disorders.+Pediatric+Round+Table%3A+1.+Second+Edition&rft_id=info:eric/ED233781&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Teachers KW - Parents KW - Intervention KW - Child Abuse KW - Hospitals KW - Birth KW - Fathers KW - Mothers KW - Child Neglect KW - Attachment Behavior KW - Behavior Problems KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Practitioners KW - Premature Infants KW - Acquainting Process KW - Animal Behavior KW - Failure to Thrive Infants KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Interpersonal Communication KW - Parent Child Relationship KW - Perinatal Influences KW - Play KW - Reciprocity (Communication) KW - Support Staff ER - TY - JOUR TI - Adaptation to Pregnancy: Some Implications for Individual and Family Mental Health AU - Valentine, Deborah T2 - Children Today AB - Discusses pregnancy from four perspectives: as a normative crisis period; as a developmental process including both the pregnant woman and the expectant father; as an experience affecting marital relationships, including the presence of family violence; and as a context for prevention and intervention. (RH) DA - 1982/// PY - 1982 VL - 11 IS - 3 SP - 17 EP - 20 LA - English UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/adaptation-pregnancy-some-implications-individual/docview/63590718/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 63590718; EJ267406 DB - ERIC L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aeric&atitle=Adaptation+to+Pregnancy%3A+Some+Implications+for+Individual+and+Family+Mental+Health&title=Children+Today&issn=&date=1982-05-01&volume=11&issue=3&spage=17&au=Valentine%2C+Deborah&isbn=&jtitle=Children+Today&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/EJ267406&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Parents KW - Literature Reviews KW - Intervention KW - Prevention KW - Pregnancy KW - Parenting KW - Marriage KW - ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) KW - Developmental Tasks KW - Interpersonal Relationship KW - Parent Counseling KW - Parent Education KW - Parenthood KW - Stress Variables ER - TY - JOUR TI - Alcohol and Pregnancy: Highlights from Three Decades of Research AU - Randall, Carrie L T2 - Journal of Studies on Alcohol AB - The detrimental effects of alcohol on offspring have been alluded to for centuries, although only in the past few decades has the relationship between alcohol & birth defects been shown conclusively. This review article begins with a historical overview of the understanding of alcohol's effects on the offspring, followed by a description of the first clinical reports of fetal alcohol syndrome. The contribution of animal models is highlighted & some possible mechanisms of alcohol's teratogenicity are discussed. Challenges & opportunities for future research are offered. 2 Figures, 81 References. Adapted from the source document. DA - 2001/09// PY - 2001 VL - 62 IS - 5 SP - 554 EP - 561 LA - English SN - 0096-882X, 0096-882X UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/alcohol-pregnancy-highlights-three-decades/docview/61527088/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 61527088; 200202340 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Alcohol+and+Pregnancy%3A+Highlights+from+Three+Decades+of+Research&title=Journal+of+Studies+on+Alcohol&issn=0096882X&date=2001-09-01&volume=62&issue=5&spage=554&au=Randall%2C+Carrie+L&isbn=&jtitle=Journal+of+Studies+on+Alcohol&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/200202340&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Alcohol Abuse KW - Alcoholism KW - Children KW - Birth KW - article KW - fetal alcohol syndrome KW - 6129: addiction KW - 6143: child & family welfare KW - Congenitally Handicapped ER - TY - JOUR TI - Is Intimate Partner Violence Associated with Unintended Pregnancy? A Review of the Literature AU - Pallitto, Christina C AU - Campbell, Jacquelyn C AU - O'Campo, Patricia T2 - Trauma, Violence & Abuse AB - Although a substantial body of literature explores the adverse physical and mental health consequences associated with intimate partner violence, only a limited body of international research has explored the effect of intimate partner violence on women's fertility control. Yet a compelling argument can be made of the indirect mechanism through which the climate of fear and control surrounding abusive relationships could limit women's ability to control their fertility. Lack of fertility control can lead to unintended pregnancies, which are also associated with adverse outcomes for women's and infant health, especially in developing countries. The association between intimate partner violence and unintended pregnancy also suggests serious social effects spawned by a cycle of unintended childbearing in abusive households. Therefore, further investigation is warranted to explore the nature of the association as well as the mechanisms through which these phenomena operate in the United States and in developing countries. DA - 2005/07// PY - 2005 DO - 10.1177/1524838005277441 VL - 6 IS - 3 SP - 217 EP - 235 LA - English SN - 15248380 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/is-intimate-partner-violence-associated-with/docview/1987220523/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 1987220523 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Is+Intimate+Partner+Violence+Associated+with+Unintended+Pregnancy%3F+A+Review+of+the+Literature&title=Trauma%2C+Violence+%26+Abuse&issn=15248380&date=2005-07-01&volume=6&issue=3&spage=217&au=Pallitto%2C+Christina+C%3BCampbell%2C+Jacquelyn+C%3BO%27Campo%2C+Patricia&isbn=&jtitle=Trauma%2C+Violence+%26+Abuse&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F1524838005277441 KW - Females KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Risk Factors KW - Mental Health KW - Female KW - Developing Countries KW - health outcomes KW - Women's Health KW - Interpersonal Relations KW - Violence KW - Intimate Partner Violence KW - Pregnancy KW - Social Environment KW - Medical Sciences KW - domestic violence KW - intimate partner violence KW - Spouse Abuse KW - Mental health KW - Intimate partner violence KW - Global Health KW - Domestic violence KW - Fertility KW - abusive relationship KW - Aggression KW - Battered Women KW - Birth Control KW - Coercion KW - Cultural Characteristics KW - fertility control KW - Maternal Welfare KW - Pregnancy, Unwanted KW - unintended pregnancy KW - Women's Rights KW - Child abuse KW - Health problems KW - Literature reviews KW - Mental disorders KW - Womens health KW - Intimacy KW - Childbirth & labor KW - abuse during pregnancy KW - Developing countries--LDCs KW - Households KW - Stability KW - Unwanted pregnancy ER - TY - JOUR TI - Pregnancy-Associated Violent Deaths: The Role of Intimate Partner Violence AU - Martin, Sandra L AU - Macy, Rebecca J AU - Sullivan, Kristen AU - Magee, Melissa L T2 - Trauma, Violence, & Abuse: A Review Journal AB - This literature review examines intimate partner violence in relation to pregnancy- associated femicide and suicide. Empirical publications were eligible for review if they included information on intimate partner violence and examined females who were pregnant/postpartum and who were victims of femicide/attempted femicide and/or suicide/attempted suicide. Nine publications met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Results suggest that intimate partners perpetrate one- to two-thirds of the pregnancy-associated femicides in the United States and that pregnant women make up 5% of urban intimate partner femicides. Intimate partner abuse during pregnancy appears to be a risk factor for severe intimate partner violence, including attempted/completed femicide. So little information exists concerning intimate partner violence in pregnancy-associated suicides that it is impossible to draw conclusions regarding this topic, however, a hospital- based study suggests that intimate partner violence may be a risk factor for attempting suicide while pregnant. More research is needed concerning intimate partner pregnancy-associated femicide and suicide so that evidenced-based preventive/therapeutic interventions may be developed. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright 2007.] DA - 2007/04// PY - 2007 DO - 10.1177/1524838007301223 VL - 8 IS - 2 SP - 135 EP - 148 LA - English SN - 1524-8380, 1524-8380 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/pregnancy-associated-violent-deaths-role-intimate/docview/61422429/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 61422429; 200800996 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Pregnancy-Associated+Violent+Deaths%3A+The+Role+of+Intimate+Partner+Violence&title=Trauma%2C+Violence%2C+%26+Abuse%3A+A+Review+Journal&issn=15248380&date=2007-04-01&volume=8&issue=2&spage=135&au=Martin%2C+Sandra+L%3BMacy%2C+Rebecca+J%3BSullivan%2C+Kristen%3BMagee%2C+Melissa+L&isbn=&jtitle=Trauma%2C+Violence%2C+%26+Abuse%3A+A+Review+Journal&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/200800996&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F1524838007301223 KW - Females KW - Pregnancy KW - Suicide KW - Risk KW - article KW - Depression (Psychology) KW - Family Violence KW - 6143: child & family welfare KW - Death KW - domestic violence, femicide, homicide, intimate partner violence, postpartum, pregnancy, suicide, women ER - TY - THES TI - The interrelationship between intimate partner violence and postpartum depression in a sample of women living in an impoverished section of an urban community AU - Trabold, Nicole AB - Research on the relationship between Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and Post Partum depression (PPD) is limited. Numerous antecedents and consequences of both IPV and PPD are noted in the literature, however understanding the impacts of partner violence on the postpartum mood are not clearly understood. This exploratory study used a mixed methods design to further understand the relationship between IPV and PPD among women who are living in an impoverished section of an urban community. Retrospective chart reviews were conducted from a pediatric/perinatal social work outreach program in a moderate size urban community (N=128). Individual logistic regressions on IPV and PPD were used to calculate odds ratios and confidence intervals for the factors in each of the risk areas: socio-demographics, social support, stress, substance use/abuse, trauma and prenatal depression. Results indicate a significant relationship between PPD and prenatal depression. Numerous significant relationships between factors and IPV were found, specifically: age, social support, substance use, child protections involvement. Qualitative analysis further revealed key findings to suggest that there is an indirect relationship between IPV and PPD, resulting from childhood abuse trauma, social support and prenatal depression. Social support appears pivotal for women who have experienced childhood abuse trauma; those with deficits in family social support appear to have a higher likelihood of entering an abusive adult relationship and are at higher risk of developing and suffering more severe PPD. Prenatal depression is also prominent in women who experience PPD and the incidence of prenatal depression appears influenced by IPV. The findings add to the limited research evidence surrounding the emerging complex relationship between IPV and PPD, and provide a framework that can guide social work practice and inform a future research agenda. This research provides a level of consciousness raising that will hopefully impact social work practice through a heightened awareness of issues that plague women. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by addressing your request to ProQuest, 789 E. Eisenhower Parkway, P.O. Box 1346, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346. Telephone 1-800-521-3042; email: disspub@umi.com DA - 2007/// PY - 2007 SP - 2174 LA - English UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/interrelationship-between-intimate-partner/docview/61357513/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 61357513; 200903175 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&genre=dissertations+%26+theses&sid=ProQ:Social+Services+Abstracts&atitle=&title=The+interrelationship+between+intimate+partner+violence+and+postpartum+depression+in+a+sample+of+women+living+in+an+impoverished+section+of+an+urban+community&issn=&date=2007-01-01&volume=&issue=&spage=&au=Trabold%2C+Nicole&isbn=&jtitle=&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/200903175&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Females KW - Child Abuse KW - Social Support KW - Pregnancy KW - Risk KW - Trauma KW - Depression (Psychology) KW - 6143: child & family welfare KW - 0452 Social Work 0453 Women's Studies 0622 Psychology, Clinical KW - dissertation KW - Partner Abuse KW - Urban Areas ER - TY - JOUR TI - Intimate Partner Violence and the Childbearing Year: Maternal and Infant Health Consequences AU - Sharps, Phyllis W AU - Laughon, Kathryn AU - Giangrande, Sandra K T2 - Trauma, Violence & Abuse AB - Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is a significant public health problem with negative physical and mental health consequences. Pregnant women are not immune to IPV, and as many as 4% to 8% of all pregnant women are victims of partner violence. Among pregnant women, IPV has been associated with poor physical health outcomes such as increased sexually transmitted diseases, preterm labor, and low-birth-weight infants. This article focuses on the physical health consequences of IPV for mothers and their infants. The purpose of this review is therefore to examine timely research ranging from 2001 to 2006 on IPV during pregnancy, the morbidity and mortality risks for mothers and their infants, and the association between IPV and perinatal health disparities. It will also identify gaps in the published empirical literature and make recommendations for practice, policy, and research. DA - 2007/04// PY - 2007 DO - 10.1177/1524838007302594 VL - 8 IS - 2 SP - 105 EP - 116 LA - English SN - 15248380 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/intimate-partner-violence-childbearing-year/docview/1928233311/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 1928233311 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Intimate+Partner+Violence+and+the+Childbearing+Year%3A+Maternal+and+Infant+Health+Consequences&title=Trauma%2C+Violence+%26+Abuse&issn=15248380&date=2007-04-01&volume=8&issue=2&spage=105&au=Sharps%2C+Phyllis+W%3BLaughon%2C+Kathryn%3BGiangrande%2C+Sandra+K&isbn=&jtitle=Trauma%2C+Violence+%26+Abuse&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F1524838007302594 KW - Females KW - Violence KW - Pregnancy KW - Mortality KW - Medical Sciences KW - Public health KW - intimate partner violence KW - pregnancy KW - Mental health KW - Intimate partner violence KW - battered women KW - Domestic violence KW - postpartum KW - Mothers KW - Aggression KW - Infants KW - Health problems KW - Victims KW - Mental disorders KW - Womens health KW - Intimacy KW - Childbirth & labor KW - Disease KW - Health care policy KW - infant health KW - Low-birth-weight KW - Morbidity KW - Sexually transmitted diseases--STD KW - Vaccines ER - TY - JOUR TI - Adolescent Preventive Health and Team-Games-Tournaments: Five Decades of Evidence for an Empirically Based Paradigm AU - Wodarski, John S AU - Felt, Marvin D T2 - Social Work in Public Health AB - The problematic behaviors of teenagers and the subsequent negative consequences are extensive and well documented: unwanted pregnancy, substance abuse, violent behavior, depression, and social and psychological consequences of unemployment. In this article, the authors review an approach that uses a cooperative learning, empirically based intervention that employs peers as teachers. This intervention of choice is Teams-Games-Tournaments (TGT), a paradigm backed by five decades of empirical support. The application of TGT in preventive health programs incorporates elements in common with other prevention programs that are based on a public health orientation and constitute the essential components of health education, that is, skills training and practice in applying skills. The TGT intervention supports the idea that children and adolescents from various socioeconomic classes, between the ages of 8 and 18 and in classrooms or groups ranging in size from 4 to 17 members, can work together for one another. TGT has been applied successfully in such diverse areas as adolescent development, sexuality education, psychoactive substance abuse education, anger control, coping with depression and suicide, nutrition, comprehensive employment preparation, and family intervention. This article reviews the extensive research on TGT using examples of successful projects in substance abuse, violence, and nutrition. Issues are raised that relate to the implementation of preventive health strategies for adolescents, including cognitive aspects, social and family networks, and intervention components. Adapted from the source document. DA - 2011/08// PY - 2011 DO - 10.1080/19371918.2011.533561 VL - 26 IS - 5 SP - 482 EP - 512 LA - English SN - 1937-1918, 1937-1918 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/adolescent-preventive-health-team-games/docview/925714255/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 925714255; 201200948 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Adolescent+Preventive+Health+and+Team-Games-Tournaments%3A+Five+Decades+of+Evidence+for+an+Empirically+Based+Paradigm&title=Social+Work+in+Public+Health&issn=19371918&date=2011-08-01&volume=26&issue=5&spage=482&au=Wodarski%2C+John+S%3BFelt%2C+Marvin+D&isbn=&jtitle=Social+Work+in+Public+Health&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/201200948&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F19371918.2011.533561 KW - Adolescents KW - Intervention KW - Nutrition KW - Behavior Problems KW - article KW - Substance Abuse KW - Depression (Psychology) KW - Coping KW - 6124: health care promotion/education KW - Job Training KW - Preventive health, adolescents, alcohol abuse, nutrition, violent behavior KW - Skills ER - TY - JOUR TI - Adaptation happens: a qualitative case study of implementation of The Incredible Years evidence-based parent training programme in a residential substance abuse treatment programme AU - Aarons, Gregory A AU - Miller, Elizabeth A AU - Green, Amy E AU - Perrott, Jennifer A AU - Bradway, Richard T2 - Journal of Children's Services AB - Purpose -- Evidence-based practices (EBPs) are increasingly being implemented in real-world settings. While intervention effectiveness is dependent on fidelity, interventions are often adapted to service settings according to the needs of stakeholders at multiple levels. This study aims to examine the naturalistic implementation of The Incredible Years (IY) parenting programme in a residential substance abuse treatment programme for pregnant and parenting women. Design/methodology/approach -- The study took place in a residential substance abuse treatment programme serving pregnant and parenting women and their children. Participants included 120 female clients. The primary IY facilitator was a master's level counselling psychologist. In person observations of IY sessions were completed by a trained bachelor's level anthropologist. Ethnographic field notes were collected and then coded in keeping with a priori themes and to identify emergent themes. The Parent Group Leader Checklist was used to evaluate quality and integrity of the IY basic parent programme. Findings -- Quantitative analyses indicate that fidelity varied by type of checklist activity. Specifically, adherence to the IY programme was highest in beginning topic activities, setup, and home activity review, and lowest in role play, vignettes, and wrap-up activities. Qualitative analyses revealed a number of adaptations in implementation of IY. Adaptations fit into two broad categories: modification of programme delivery and modification of programme content. Within each of these categories modifications included organisation-driven adaptations, provider-driven adaptations, and consumer-driven adaptations. Practical implications -- Changes to evidence-based practice generally take two forms -- adaptations consistent with model intent and theoretical approach and changes that represent drift from core elements of the EBP. The challenge for implementation science is to develop frameworks in which models can be adapted enough to make them viable for the service context (or the service context adapted to fit the model), yet avoid drift and maintain fidelity. Attending to the complexities of adaptation prior to and during implementation in a planned way is likely to help organisations better utilise EBPs to meet their unique needs while maintaining fidelity. Originality/value -- The paper shows that identification of types of intervention adaptations and drift allows for consideration of systematic approaches, frameworks, and processes to increase adherence during EBP implementation in community mental health and substance abuse treatment settings. Adapted from the source document. DA - 2012/// PY - 2012 DO - 10.1108/17466661211286463 VL - 7 IS - 4 SP - 233 EP - 245 LA - English SN - 1746-6660, 1746-6660 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/adaptation-happens-qualitative-case-study/docview/1542000040/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 1542000040; 201405785 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=1746-6660 L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Adaptation+happens%3A+a+qualitative+case+study+of+implementation+of+The+Incredible+Years+evidence-based+parent+training+programme+in+a+residential+substance+abuse+treatment+programme&title=Journal+of+Children%27s+Services&issn=17466660&date=2012-01-01&volume=7&issue=4&spage=233&au=Aarons%2C+Gregory+A%3BMiller%2C+Elizabeth+A%3BGreen%2C+Amy+E%3BPerrott%2C+Jennifer+A%3BBradway%2C+Richard&isbn=&jtitle=Journal+of+Children%27s+Services&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/201405785&rft_id=info:doi/10.1108%2F17466661211286463 KW - Parents KW - Females KW - Intervention KW - Pregnancy KW - Childrearing Practices KW - Treatment KW - Evidence Based Practice KW - article KW - Substance Abuse KW - 6143: child & family welfare KW - Evidence-based practice Implementation Adaptation Parent training Substance abuse United States of America Addiction Women Children (kinship) Social care KW - Values ER - TY - JOUR TI - Integrated programs for mothers with substance abuse issues and their children: A systematic review of studies reporting on child outcomes AU - Niccols, Alison AU - Milligan, Karen AU - Smith, Ainsley AU - Sword, Wendy AU - Thabane, Lehana AU - Henderson, Joanna T2 - Child Abuse & Neglect AB - Integrated treatment programs (those that include on-site pregnancy-, parenting-, or child-related services with addiction services) were developed to break the intergenerational cycle of addiction, potential child maltreatment, and poor outcomes for children. To examine the impact and effects of integrated programs for women with substance abuse issues and their children, we performed a systematic review of studies published from 1990 to 2011. Literature search strategies included online bibliographic database searches, checking printed sources, and requests to researchers. Studies were included if all participants were mothers with substance abuse problems at baseline; the treatment program included at least 1 specific substance use treatment and at least 1 parenting or child treatment service; the study design was randomized, quasi-experimental, or cohort; and there were quantitative data on child outcomes. We summarized data on child development, growth, and emotional and behavioral outcomes. Thirteen studies (2 randomized trials, 3 quasi-experimental studies, 8 cohort studies; N=775 children) were included in the review. Most studies using pre-post design indicated improvements in child development (with small to large effects, ds=0.007-1.132) and emotional and behavioral functioning (with most available effect sizes being large, ds=0.652-1.132). Comparison group studies revealed higher scores for infants of women in integrated programs than those not in treatment, with regard to development and most growth parameters (length, weight, and head circumference; with all available effect sizes being large, ds=1.16-2.48). In studies comparing integrated to non-integrated programs, most improvements in emotional and behavioral functioning favored integrated programs and, where available, most effect sizes indicated that this advantage was small (ds=0.22-0.45). Available evidence supports integrated programs, as findings suggest that they are associated with improvements in child development, growth, and emotional and behavioral functioning. More research is required comparing integrated to non-integrated programs. This review highlights the need for improved methodology, study quality, and reporting to improve our understanding of how best to meet the needs of children of women with substance abuse issues. [Copyright Elsevier Ltd.] DA - 2012/04// PY - 2012 DO - 10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.10.007 VL - 36 IS - 4 SP - 308 EP - 322 LA - English SN - 0145-2134, 0145-2134 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/integrated-programs-mothers-with-substance-abuse/docview/1023028028/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 1023028028; 201204808 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Integrated+programs+for+mothers+with+substance+abuse+issues+and+their+children%3A+A+systematic+review+of+studies+reporting+on+child+outcomes&title=Child+Abuse+%26+Neglect&issn=01452134&date=2012-04-01&volume=36&issue=4&spage=308&au=Niccols%2C+Alison%3BMilligan%2C+Karen%3BSmith%2C+Ainsley%3BSword%2C+Wendy%3BThabane%2C+Lehana%3BHenderson%2C+Joanna&isbn=&jtitle=Child+Abuse+%26+Neglect&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/201204808&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.chiabu.2011.10.007 KW - Females KW - Child Development KW - Children KW - Mothers KW - Child Neglect KW - article KW - Substance Abuse KW - 6143: child & family welfare KW - Addiction KW - Children Mothers Substance abuse Integrated programs KW - Methodology (Data Collection) KW - Trials ER - TY - JOUR TI - Co-Occurring Psychiatric Symptoms in Opioid-Dependent Women: The Prevalence of Antenatal and Postnatal Depression AU - Holbrook, Amber AU - Kaltenbach, Karol T2 - The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse AB - Background: Despite the high prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in substance-dependent women, little evidence is available on postpartum depression in this population. Objectives: To determine whether demographic variables and prenatal depression predict postpartum depression and select substance abuse treatment outcomes in a sample of pregnant women. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on 125 pregnant women enrolled in a comprehensive substance abuse treatment program. Data on demographic variables, prenatal care attendance, urine drug screen (UDS) results, and psychiatric symptoms were abstracted from patient medical and substance abuse treatment charts. The Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS) was administered 6 weeks post-delivery. Multiple linear regression was conducted to identify predictors of prenatal care attendance and total PDSS scores at 6 weeks postpartum. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine predictors of positive UDS at delivery. Results: Nearly one-third (30.4%) of the sample screened positive for moderate or severe depression at treatment entry. Psychiatric symptoms did not predict either prenatal care compliance or UDS results at delivery. Almost half of the sample (43.7%) exhibited postpartum depression at 6 weeks post-delivery. No demographic variables correlated with incidence of postnatal depression. Only antenatal depression at treatment entry predicted PDSS scores. Conclusion: Prevalence of antenatal psychiatric disorders and postpartum depression was high in this sample of women seeking substance abuse treatment. Results support prior history of depression as a predictor of risk for developing postpartum depression. Scientific Significance: Routine screening for perinatal and postpartum depression is indicated for women diagnosed with substance abuse disorders. Adapted from the source document. DA - 2012/11// PY - 2012 DO - 10.3109/00952990.2012.696168 VL - 38 IS - 6 SP - 575 EP - 579 LA - English SN - 0095-2990, 0095-2990 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/co-occurring-psychiatric-symptoms-opioid/docview/1221409313/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 1221409313; 201208133 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Co-Occurring+Psychiatric+Symptoms+in+Opioid-Dependent+Women%3A+The+Prevalence+of+Antenatal+and+Postnatal+Depression&title=The+American+Journal+of+Drug+and+Alcohol+Abuse&issn=00952990&date=2012-11-01&volume=38&issue=6&spage=575&au=Holbrook%2C+Amber%3BKaltenbach%2C+Karol&isbn=&jtitle=The+American+Journal+of+Drug+and+Alcohol+Abuse&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/201208133&rft_id=info:doi/10.3109%2F00952990.2012.696168 KW - Females KW - Treatment KW - Psychiatry KW - Prenatal Care KW - article KW - Substance Abuse KW - Depression (Psychology) KW - 6129: addiction KW - Attendance KW - Graphs KW - pregnancy, postpartum, depression, opioid dependence KW - Sociodemographic Factors ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cannabis Reclassification: What is the Message to the Next Generation of Cannabis Users? AU - McCrystal, Patrick AU - Winning, Kerry T2 - Child Care in Practice AB - At the beginning of 2004 the UK government downgraded the legal status of cannabis from a Class B to a Class C drug. Following a review of this decision two years later, cannabis remained a Class C substance--which for some contrasted with the potential harmful social and health effects associated with its use, particularly for young people. These included its links with respiratory damage, problems during pregnancy and its potential to exacerbate mental health problems. When Gordon Brown became Prime Minister in June 2007 his government decided to revisit this issue and requested a reexamination of its legal status. Despite the advice of its own scientific advisory body, the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs, the UK government reclassified cannabis back to a Class B drug in May 2008. This paper examines the existing scientific evidence on the potential impact of cannabis use on young people within the context of the UK government's reclassification initiative over the past four years. This evidence remains inconclusive whilst the perception of young people to the effects of cannabis use during, and now after, the period of the reclassification debate is not yet known. This now makes it particularly challenging to communicate a clear message in the most effective manner with young people about the possible risks of cannabis use, and would appear to make it difficult to provide a clear and unambiguous statement on what message this initiative has sent to the next generation of cannabis users, as they see the government rethink its position on several occasions before eventually changing its mind. Adapted from the source document. DA - 2009/01// PY - 2009 DO - 10.1080/13575270802504354 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 57 EP - 73 LA - English SN - 1357-5279, 1357-5279 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/cannabis-reclassification-what-is-message-next/docview/61357627/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 61357627; 200904325 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Cannabis+Reclassification%3A+What+is+the+Message+to+the+Next+Generation+of+Cannabis+Users%3F&title=Child+Care+in+Practice&issn=13575279&date=2009-01-01&volume=15&issue=1&spage=57&au=McCrystal%2C+Patrick%3BWinning%2C+Kerry&isbn=&jtitle=Child+Care+in+Practice&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/200904325&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F13575270802504354 KW - Drug Abuse KW - Legislation KW - United Kingdom KW - article KW - Youth KW - Classification KW - 6129: addiction KW - Marijuana ER - TY - JOUR TI - Partner Violence and Survivors' Chronic Health Problems: Informing Social Work Practice AU - Macy, Rebecca J AU - Ferron, Joelle AU - Crosby, Carmen T2 - Social Work AB - Although most social work professionals may expect that women who experience partner violence will sustain acute physical injuries, social workers may be less knowledgeable about the chronic health problems with which violence survivors often struggle. To inform social work practice, we reviewed and synthesized the recently published research on health outcomes associated with partner violence victimization. We focused our review efforts on chronic physical and mental health conditions that social workers are likely to see in their practices. Using rigorous selection criteria, we selected 28 articles for review from over 3,500 found in our search. The review showed that although women who experience partner violence are likely to seek health services, they have poor overall physical and mental health, and their health needs are not addressed sufficiently by current health and human service systems. We offer social work practice, policy, and research recommendations to encourage comprehensive services that promote women's health and safety. Adapted from the source document. DA - 2009/01// PY - 2009 VL - 54 IS - 1 SP - 29 EP - 43 LA - English SN - 0037-8046, 0037-8046 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/partner-violence-survivors-chronic-health/docview/61443842/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 61443842; 200902660 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Partner+Violence+and+Survivors%27+Chronic+Health+Problems%3A+Informing+Social+Work+Practice&title=Social+Work&issn=00378046&date=2009-01-01&volume=54&issue=1&spage=29&au=Macy%2C+Rebecca+J%3BFerron%2C+Joelle%3BCrosby%2C+Carmen&isbn=&jtitle=Social+Work&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/200902660&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Chronic Illness KW - Social Workers KW - Victimization KW - Battered Women KW - article KW - Family Violence KW - 6143: child & family welfare KW - Partner Abuse KW - Health Problems KW - Womens Health Care ER - TY - JOUR TI - Early detection of prenatal substance exposure and the role of child welfare AU - Anthony, Elizabeth K AU - Austin, Michael J AU - Cormier, Denicia R T2 - Children and Youth Services Review AB - Substance use during pregnancy is a public health concern that has potential short- and long-term effects for infants and young children. Ongoing parental substance abuse and the home environment have significant consequences for infant and child development. Pregnancy may be an ideal time to address maternal substance abuse; however, early detection of prenatal substance use is complicated by a number of political/legal, economic, and social/attitudinal barriers. Addressing the needs of substance- exposed infants requires coordination of prevention (education and screening) and early intervention by multiple agencies, including child welfare. This article focuses on early detection of prenatal substance abuse, with attention to the role of the child welfare field. The article reviews the policy context for early detection and presents the results from a review of screening instruments for detecting substance use in pregnant women. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings for collaboration between programs and child welfare practice. [Copyright Elsevier B.V.] DA - 2010/01// PY - 2010 DO - 10.1016/j.childyouth.2009.06.006 VL - 32 IS - 1 SP - 6 EP - 12 LA - English SN - 0190-7409, 0190-7409 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/early-detection-prenatal-substance-exposure-role/docview/61379860/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 61379860; 201003606 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Early+detection+of+prenatal+substance+exposure+and+the+role+of+child+welfare&title=Children+and+Youth+Services+Review&issn=01907409&date=2010-01-01&volume=32&issue=1&spage=6&au=Anthony%2C+Elizabeth+K%3BAustin%2C+Michael+J%3BCormier%2C+Denicia+R&isbn=&jtitle=Children+and+Youth+Services+Review&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/201003606&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.childyouth.2009.06.006 KW - Prevention KW - Pregnancy KW - article KW - Substance Abuse KW - Infants KW - 6129: addiction KW - Child Welfare Services KW - Prenatal substance exposure Early detection Child welfare Parental substance abuse KW - Tests ER - TY - JOUR TI - Gender Research in the National Institute on Drug Abuse National Treatment Clinical Trials Network: A Summary of Findings AU - Greenfield, Shelly F, MD, MPH AU - Rosa, Carmen, MS AU - Putnins, Susan I, BA AU - Green, Carla A, PhD, MPH AU - Brooks, Audrey J, PhD AU - Calsyn, Donald A, PhD AU - Cohen, Lisa R, PhD AU - Erickson, Sarah, PhD AU - Gordon, Susan M, PhD AU - Haynes, Louise, MSW AU - Killeen, Therese, PhD AU - Miele, Gloria, PhD AU - Tross, Susan, PhD AU - Winhusen, Theresa, PhD T2 - The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse AB - Background: The National Institute of Drug Abuse's National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (CTN) was established to foster translation of research into practice in substance abuse treatment settings. The CTN provides a unique opportunity to examine in multi-site, translational clinical trials, the outcomes of treatment interventions targeting vulnerable subgroups of women; the comparative effectiveness of gender-specific protocols to reduce risk behaviors; and gender differences in clinical outcomes. Objectives: To review gender-related findings from published CTN clinical trials and related studies from January 2000 to March 2010. Methods: CTN studies were selected for review if they focused on treatment outcomes or services for special populations of women with substance use disorders (SUDs) including those with trauma histories, pregnancy, co-occurring eating and other psychiatric disorders, and HIV risk behaviors; or implemented gender-specific protocols. The CTN has randomized 11,500 participants (41% women) across 200 clinics in 24 randomized controlled trials in community settings, of which 4 have been gender-specific. Results: This article summarizes gender-related findings from CTN clinical trials and related studies, focusing on trauma histories, pregnancy, co-occurring eating and other psychiatric disorders, and HIV risk behaviors. Conclusions: These published studies have expanded the evidence base regarding interventions for vulnerable groups of women with SUDs as well as gender-specific interventions to reduce HIV risk behaviors in substance-using men and women. The results also underscore the complexity of accounting for gender in the design of clinical trials and analysis of results. Scientific Significance: To fully understand the relevance of gender-specific moderators and mediators of outcome, it is essential that future translational studies adopt more sophisticated approaches to understanding and measuring gender-relevant factors and plan sample sizes that are adequate to support more nuanced analytic methods. DA - 2011/09// PY - 2011 DO - 10.3109/00952990.2011.596875 VL - 37 IS - 5 SP - 301 EP - 312 LA - English SN - 00952990 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/gender-research-national-institute-on-drug-abuse/docview/2352570693/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 2352570693 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Gender+Research+in+the+National+Institute+on+Drug+Abuse+National+Treatment+Clinical+Trials+Network%3A+A+Summary+of+Findings&title=The+American+Journal+of+Drug+and+Alcohol+Abuse&issn=00952990&date=2011-09-01&volume=37&issue=5&spage=301&au=Greenfield%2C+Shelly+F%2C+MD%2C+MPH%3BRosa%2C+Carmen%2C+MS%3BPutnins%2C+Susan+I%2C+BA%3BGreen%2C+Carla+A%2C+PhD%2C+MPH%3BBrooks%2C+Audrey+J%2C+PhD%3BCalsyn%2C+Donald+A%2C+PhD%3BCohen%2C+Lisa+R%2C+PhD%3BErickson%2C+Sarah%2C+PhD%3BGordon%2C+Susan+M%2C+PhD%3BHaynes%2C+Louise%2C+MSW%3BKilleen%2C+Therese%2C+PhD%3BMiele%2C+Gloria%2C+PhD%3BTross%2C+Susan%2C+PhD%3BWinhusen%2C+Theresa%2C+PhD&isbn=&jtitle=The+American+Journal+of+Drug+and+Alcohol+Abuse&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/&rft_id=info:doi/10.3109%2F00952990.2011.596875 KW - Behavior KW - Intervention KW - Women KW - women KW - Pregnancy KW - PTSD KW - eating disorders KW - pregnant women KW - Trauma KW - Comorbidity KW - gender differences KW - Substance abuse KW - Mental disorders KW - Treatment methods KW - Drug abuse KW - Risk behavior KW - Clinical outcomes KW - Clinical research KW - Clinical trials KW - co-occurring disorders KW - Community based clinics KW - Drug Abuse And Alcoholism KW - Drugs KW - Eating KW - Gender differences KW - Health risk assessment KW - HIV prevention KW - HIV risk behaviors KW - Human immunodeficiency virus--HIV KW - Medical research KW - Medical treatment KW - Moderators KW - Psychological trauma KW - Randomized controlled trials KW - Risk reduction KW - Substance abuse disorders KW - substance abuse treatment KW - Substance abuse treatment KW - substance use disorders KW - Translation KW - Treatment outcomes KW - Vulnerability ER - TY - JOUR TI - Support from the Start: effective programmes in pregnancy AU - Glover, Vivette AU - Sutton, Carole T2 - Journal of Children's Services AB - Purpose -- The purpose of this paper is to update the evidence for the long-term effects of the fetal environment on the later antisocial behaviour of the child, and possible interventions. Design/methodology/approach -- The authors present a literature review of recent research on the topic. Findings -- Recent research confirms and extends previous conclusions. The emotional state, alcohol use, smoking and drug consumption of the mother during pregnancy all increase the risk of the child developing antisocial behaviour. Prenatal anxiety may contribute 10-15 per cent of the attributable load to behavioural outcomes. The Nurse Family Partnership programme remains the only intervention to start in pregnancy and show a long-term reduction in the child's antisocial behaviour. However, several other interventions are likely to be helpful. Originality/value -- Stress, anxiety and depression during pregnancy are frequently undetected by health professionals and left untreated. Programmes to help with this, together with the reduction of smoking and alcohol consumption, should help reduce later criminal behaviour. Adapted from the source document. DA - 2012/// PY - 2012 DO - 10.1108/17466661211213634 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 8 EP - 17 LA - English SN - 1746-6660, 1746-6660 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/support-start-effective-programmes-pregnancy/docview/1541997436/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 1541997436; 201405851 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Support+from+the+Start%3A+effective+programmes+in+pregnancy&title=Journal+of+Children%27s+Services&issn=17466660&date=2012-01-01&volume=7&issue=1&spage=8&au=Glover%2C+Vivette%3BSutton%2C+Carole&isbn=&jtitle=Journal+of+Children%27s+Services&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/201405851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1108%2F17466661211213634 L2 - http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=1746-6660 L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Support+from+the+Start%3A+effective+programmes+in+pregnancy&title=Journal+of+Children%27s+Services&issn=17466660&date=2012-01-01&volume=7&issue=1&spage=8&au=Glover%2C+Vivette%3BSutton%2C+Carole&isbn=&jtitle=Journal+of+Children%27s+Services&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/&rft_id=info:doi/10.1108%2F17466661211213634 KW - Brain research KW - Literature Reviews KW - Intervention KW - Stress KW - Pregnancy KW - Alcohol KW - Alcohol Abuse KW - Smoking KW - Epigenetics KW - Children KW - Mothers KW - Fetus KW - article KW - Substance abuse KW - Literature reviews KW - Drug abuse KW - Social Services And Welfare KW - 6143: child & family welfare KW - Consumption KW - Deviant Behavior KW - Drinking Behavior KW - Pregnancy Prenatal Stress Fetus Children Neurodevelopment KW - Alcohol use KW - Animal cognition KW - Anxieties KW - Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder KW - Children & youth KW - Cognitive ability KW - Deviant behavior KW - Drinking behavior KW - Medical personnel KW - Mental depression KW - Neurodevelopment KW - Prenatal ER - TY - JOUR TI - TEMNA PLAT NOSECNOSTI: Nasilje in zlorabe/DARK SIDE OF PREGNANCY: Violence and abuses AU - Matko, Katja T2 - Socialno Delo AB - Motherhood starts with pregnancy, and women as mothers in patriarchal society are set to a private sphere, which can contain a set of violence and abuse from the male relatives. Rooted social values about happy families do not help women when they want to leave a voilent relationship. Modern phenomenon of medicalization of pregnancy puts women into the role of sole carers of children. Women are trapped between the roles of wives, mothers and housewives. Research among women victims of domestic violence during pregnancy disclosed all sorts of different abuse they experienced during pregnancy. Almost all of them kept quiet about as they wanted to maintain the illusion of a happy family. The results reveal poor mental health of women and the consequences of violence reflected on children. The article ends with a review of the situation in Slovenia and the possibilities for improving the field. DA - 2014/02// PY - 2014 VL - 53 IS - 1 SP - 3 EP - 13 LA - Slovenian SN - 03527956 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/temna-plat-nosecnosti-nasilje-zlorabe-dark-side/docview/1534146049/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 1534146049 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=TEMNA+PLAT+NOSECNOSTI%3A+Nasilje+in+zlorabe%2FDARK+SIDE+OF+PREGNANCY%3A+Violence+and+abuses&title=Socialno+Delo&issn=03527956&date=2014-02-01&volume=53&issue=1&spage=3&au=Matko%2C+Katja&isbn=&jtitle=Socialno+Delo&btitle=&rft_id=info:eric/&rft_id=info:doi/ KW - Women KW - Pregnancy KW - Mental health KW - Domestic violence KW - Mothers KW - Social Services And Welfare KW - Slovenia KW - Wives ER - TY - JOUR TI - Mental Health Issues Among Pregnant Women in Correctional Facilities: A Systematic Review AU - Mukherjee, Soumyadeep AU - Pierre-Victor, Dudith AU - Bahelah, Raed AU - Madhivanan, Purnima T2 - Women & Health AB - Incarceration-induced stress makes pregnant women in correctional facilities a high-risk group for mental health problems, resulting in adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. A systematic review was conducted to examine the prevalence and correlates of mental health issues among pregnant inmates. Databases searched included PubMed, Medline, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO, National Criminal Justice Reference System, Social Work Abstracts, Cochrane and Campbell libraries, which were searched for studies published in English from 1950 till July 2013. Eleven studies were included of pregnant women in correctional facilities and addressed at least one mental illness. Quality score was assigned to these eligible articles. Due to heterogeneity, a narrative review was performed. All of the studies were conducted in the United States, with quality scores ranging from 7 to 10 out of 10. Only one of these studies used mixed methods, the rest were quantitative. Tobacco use among pregnant inmates exceeded 50%, with some studies reporting as high as 84%. Alcohol use was common; 36% of the inmates used illicit drugs in one study. Depression and anxiety levels were high-some studies reported depression among 80% of inmates. Findings suggest that mental health among pregnant prisoners is a huge concern that has not been adequately addressed. Adapted from the source document. DA - 2014/11/17/ PY - 2014 DO - 10.1080/03630242.2014.932894 VL - 54 IS - 8 SP - 816 EP - 842 LA - English SN - 0363-0242, 0363-0242 UR - http://libproxy.temple.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/mental-health-issues-among-pregnant-women/docview/1680150166/se-2?accountid=14270 AN - 1680150166; 201503627 DB - Social Services Abstracts L2 - https://temple-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01TULI/TULI??url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Asocialservices&atitle=Mental+Health+Issues+Among+Pregnant+Women+in+Correctional+Facilities%3A+A+Systematic+Review&title=Women+%26+Health&issn=03630242&date=2014-11-17&volume=54&issue=8&spage=816&au=Mukherjee%2C+Soumyadeep%3BPierre-Victor%2C+Dudith%3BBahelah%2C+Raed%3BMadhivan